The World is Canvas

THE WORLD IS CANVAS A Coloring iPhone Application Using a Photo for Children based on the Social Constructivism Satoru Tokuhisa Keio University Media Design

Children before elementary school love to express creativity by painting. However they lose the passion to paint after entering elementary school when their interest changes to language. Vygotsky, L.S. Imagination and Creativity in Childhood. Journal of Russian and East European Psychology 42 (1). 7 - 97.

Drawing is the most effective to improve one’s painting skill. However, this method has been proven to deter children from drawing.

How to Motivate Children to Paint / Draw?

RELATED RESEARCH • Fun and Motivation • System for ofﬁce working • A software to manage calculation process with FPS (First Person Shooting Game) (Chao, 2001) • A system adopting entertainment into a desk work environment in the PC (Kuramoro, 2005) • System for education. • A learning system for a computer programming language with game elements (Moser, 1997) • Edutainment (Pan, 2006)

RELATED RESEARCH • Social Constructivism by Vygotsky • A theory that children acquire higher knowledge with help from society including adults. • Vygotsky emphasizes the importance of communication with a language and collaborative activity.

RELATED RESEARCH • Painting support system with social elements • SkecthCam

RELATED RESEARCH • Painting support system with social interaction • JabberStamp

RELATED RESEARCH • Painting support system with social interaction • I/O Brush

APPROACH • Social Constructivism System • Achieves Fun on learning through Social Interaction. • Purpose • provides the users Fun, which increases their motivation to draw.

DESIGN PRINCIPLE • For Social Interaction 1.Mobility • The users can run the application everywhere! 2.Network • The users can connect to the other users everywhere! 3.Sampling of the Real World • prompts the users to communicate with people around them • supports the drawing process.

ARCHITECTURE

EVALUATION • 110 children with their parents • 30 minutes workshop • 5 minutes: introduction • 5 minutes: shooting • 15 minutes: painting • 5 minutes: interview

EVALUATION • The results of the interview • got 103 comments. • The positive comments: 65 • The comments changed from negative to positive:20 • The comments changed from positive to negative: 2 • The negative comments: 16

EVALUATION • Analysis of reason of Fun • The fun of choosing the objects freely ...18(27.2%) • “It’s different from the ordinary coloring, and was fun to create original coloring by myself.” (11 year old / girl) • “It’s fun to paint a person or anything.” (11 year old / girl). • The fun to paint with fingers ... 9(13.8%) • “Painting by finger is the first experience for me, but I’m glad I painted well.” (7 year old / girl), • “It’s easy to learn it because this application enables me to paint just by touching by myself.” (11 year old / girl).

EVALUATION • Analysis of cause of Fun • The fun from supporting draft ... 2(3.0%) • “I cannot paint well in normal painting, but I could paint well with this application, and had fun.” (7 year old / girl), • “Normal coloring is static and is hard because I cannot paint things around me well, but I could enjoy shooting my favorite things and painting with my favorite colors!” (12 year old / girl).

EVALUATION • Analysis of Communication Question Options 4-6 (19) 7-8(42) 9-10(13) 11-12(6) (To parents) a. Not excitedly 0(0%) 2(5%) 0(0%) 1(17%) Do you think you talked more with b. less excitedly 5(26%) 9(21%) 1(8%) 1(17%) your child during this activities c. excitedly 8(42%) 16(38%) 5(38%) 3(50%) compared to paper based coloring? d. very excitedly 6(32%) 15(36%) 7(54%) 1(17%)

CONCLUSION • How to motivate children to draw or paint? • Developed a coloring application based on Social Constructivism. • Aimed to increase Fun through Social Interaction. • The most of the users had Fun. • Prompted Communication between children and parents during painting process.

Q&A http://www.dangkang.com info@dangkang.com

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The World is Canvas

by Create Conference 2010 on Sep 30, 2010

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