Vision for IT Sector in India – the next step By PANKAJ AGRAWALA Joint Secretary Govt. of India Department of Information Technology Min. of Communications and IT New Delhi

Vision India has the potential to become a significant player in Global knowledge economy. Let us work to enhance Indian share in global markets from about 1% to 10% in the long-term. Key to success lies in long term research

India has the potential to become a significant player in Global knowledge economy.

Let us work to enhance Indian share in global markets from about 1% to 10% in the long-term.

Key to success lies in long term research

Focus Identify specific steps and areas for action The next step is to give the right impetus to R&D in IT Telecom is another key areas for growth of knowledge economy The stake holders could be DIT / DOT / MTNL / BSNL/C-DOT / ITI/Other related Academic/ research agencies The next step Cyberspace is a New World Exponential growth means constant radical change This new world needs explorers, pioneers, and settlers Pioneering research pays off in the long-term

Identify specific steps and areas for action

The next step is to give the right impetus to R&D in IT

Telecom is another key areas for growth of knowledge economy

The stake holders could be DIT / DOT / MTNL / BSNL/C-DOT / ITI/Other related Academic/ research agencies

The next step

Cyberspace is a New World

Exponential growth means constant radical change

This new world needs explorers, pioneers, and settlers

Pioneering research pays off in the long-term

The next step Cyberspace is a New World Exponential growth means constant radical change This new world needs explorers, pioneers, and settlers Pioneering research pays off in the long-term

Cyberspace is a New World

Exponential growth means constant radical change

This new world needs explorers, pioneers, and settlers

Pioneering research pays off in the long-term

The next step……..Contd. Long-term research is a public good The funding agencies to shift the focus to long-term research. By making larger and longer-term grants, we hope that university researchers will be able to attack larger and more ambitious problems

Long-term research is a public good

The funding agencies to shift the focus to long-term research.

By making larger and longer-term grants, we hope that university researchers will be able to attack larger and more ambitious problems

Long Range Research Goals What makes a good long range research goal? -understandable -challenging -useful -Testable -Incremental -scalability

What makes a good long range research goal?

-understandable

-challenging

-useful

-Testable

-Incremental

-scalability

Turing’s Vision of Machine Intelligence Alan Turing had predicted in 1950, that computers would be intelligent in 50 years with capacities of the order of 10 to the power 9 as against human memory of the order of 10 to the power 12-15. This has happened and continues………….. Three more predictions prosthetic hearing, speech, and vision

Alan Turing had predicted in 1950, that computers would be intelligent in 50 years with capacities of the order of 10 to the power 9 as against human memory of the order of 10 to the power 12-15.

This has happened and continues…………..

Three more predictions

prosthetic hearing,

speech,

and vision

Bush’s Memex Personal Memex : Record everything a person sees and hears, and quickly retrieve any item on request World Memex : Build a system that given a text corpus, can answer questions about the text and summarize the text as precisely and quickly as a human expert in that field. Do the same for music, images, art, and cinema

Personal Memex : Record everything a person sees and hears, and quickly retrieve any item on request

World Memex : Build a system that given a text corpus, can answer questions about the text and summarize the text as precisely and quickly as a human expert in that field. Do the same for music, images, art, and cinema

Telepresence Telepresence : Simulate being some other place retrospectively as an observer -(Tele Observer): hear and see as well as actually being there, and as well as a participant, and simulate being some other place as a participant -(Tele Present): interacting with others and with the environment as though you are actually there.

Telepresence : Simulate being some other place retrospectively as an observer

-(Tele Observer): hear and see as well as actually being there, and as well as a participant, and simulate being some other place as a participant

-(Tele Present): interacting with others and with the environment as though you are actually there.

Future systems Trouble free systems : Build a system used by millions of people each day and yet administered and managed by a single part-time person Dependable Systems Secure System : Assure that the trouble free system services authorized users and information cannot be stolen (and prove it.) Always Up : Assure that the system is unavailable for less than one second per hundred years i.e.99.999999 % or eight 9’s of availability (and prove it.)

Trouble free systems : Build a system used by millions of people each day and yet administered and managed by a single part-time person

Dependable Systems

Secure System : Assure that the trouble free system services authorized users and information cannot be stolen (and prove it.)

Always Up : Assure that the system is unavailable for less than one second per hundred years i.e.99.999999 % or eight 9’s of availability (and prove it.)

Future systems(contd.) Automatic Programmer: Device a specification language or user interface that: (a) makes it easy for people to express designs (1,000x easier) (b) computer can compile, and (c) can describe all applications (design is complete)

Automatic Programmer: Device a specification language or user interface that:

(a) makes it easy for people to express designs (1,000x easier)

(b) computer can compile, and

(c) can describe all applications (design is complete)

The Indian R&D Landscape Research in National Laboratories (NPL, C-DAC, CEERI, IISc., TIFR, ECIL, C-DoT, ISRO Research in Academia (IITs, BITs, RECs, IISc) Research in Private Sector (IBM, SUN, Microsoft, HP, Motorola, HFCL, HCL, SCL etc.

Research in National Laboratories (NPL, C-DAC, CEERI, IISc., TIFR, ECIL, C-DoT, ISRO

Research in Academia (IITs, BITs, RECs, IISc)

Research in Private Sector (IBM, SUN, Microsoft, HP, Motorola, HFCL, HCL, SCL etc.

Objectives of R&D Timely development of replacement of products being phased out Reduction of production cost to increase yield Reduction in environmental effect Reduction in energy consumption Innovation to open up new markets Innovation to increase market share R&D to increase production flexibility R&D to improve cycle time

Timely development of replacement of products being phased out

Reduction of production cost to increase yield

Reduction in environmental effect

Reduction in energy consumption

Innovation to open up new markets

Innovation to increase market share

R&D to increase production flexibility

R&D to improve cycle time

Importance of R&D Most developed/ developing countries put 5-20% of profit margin in R&D. Their Govt. Spending in R&D is also about 5% of GDP Most MNCs grow with focus on research. Cisco is the leader in research with R&D spending at 14 % of Revenues Indian companies and govt. deptts. should follow suit.

Most developed/ developing countries put 5-20% of profit margin in R&D. Their Govt. Spending in R&D is also about 5% of GDP

Most MNCs grow with focus on research. Cisco is the leader in research with R&D spending at 14 % of Revenues

Indian companies and govt. deptts. should follow suit.

Factors limiting R&D in India Lack of government support Inadequate support services and proper infrastructure in place such as roads, railways, airports etc. Perceived risks too high Political instability

Lack of government support

Inadequate support services and proper infrastructure in place such as roads, railways, airports etc.

Perceived risks too high

Political instability

Strengths and Primary Drivers of R&D in India Large pool of intellectual capital Cheap availability of manpower Global recognition of Indian brains and skills Rapid approach to globalization English as a medium of education Fast growing middle class group Quality at low cost

Large pool of intellectual capital

Cheap availability of manpower

Global recognition of Indian brains and skills

Rapid approach to globalization

English as a medium of education

Fast growing middle class group

Quality at low cost

Opportunity Areas in IT Grid computing Broadband proliferation Converged/networked devices Miniaturization and personalization Offshore sourcing – India as R&D hub RFID Tags for tracking and identification i.e. smart cards Biometric devices to carry money or for identification 3 dimensional image processing and holographic images Develop affordable PCs and telephony

Grid computing

Broadband proliferation

Converged/networked devices

Miniaturization and personalization

Offshore sourcing – India as R&D hub

RFID Tags for tracking and identification i.e. smart cards

Biometric devices to carry money or for identification

3 dimensional image processing and holographic images

Develop affordable PCs and telephony

THANK YOU