This document is a student project on winds, storms and cyclones. It contains sections that define and describe different types of winds like trade winds and monsoons. It also discusses natural disasters caused by severe weather like floods, earthquakes and tsunamis. Sections are included on air pressure, wind speed, how air expands when heated, wind currents and thunderstorms. The document finishes with descriptions of cyclones, tornadoes and precautions to take during severe storms.

1. WIND,STORMS AND
CYCLONES
Made By:-Mayank Raj

2. Acknowledgment
Firstly I want to thanks our Science teacher Mrs.
Pushpa who gave us such a wonderful project in
our summer break, as this project gives us a honor
to complete this work and submit to our teacher.
Secondly, I want to thank my dear parents who
helped me in taking print outs in color.
Made By:-Mayank Raj 8828 15
VII B

3. INTRODUCTION
As written in the holiday assignment to select the
topic which comes in our roll no. I have made on
the topic Winds, Storms and Cyclones
Made By:-Mayank Raj 8828 15
VII B

4. Introduction to Winds
Wind is the flow of gases on a large scale. On the surface
of the Earth, wind consists of the bulk movement of air.
In outer space, solar wind is the movement of gases or
charged particles from the sun through space,
while planetary wind is the out gassing of light chemical
elements from a planet's atmosphere into space. Winds
are commonly classified by their spatial scale,
their speed, the types of forces that cause them, the
regions in which they occur, and their effect. The
strongest observed winds on a planet in our solar system
occur on Neptune and Saturn.
Made By:-Mayank Raj 8828 15 VII B

5. Natural Disasters or Natural Calamity
• A natural disaster is a major adverse event resulting
from natural processes of the Earth; examples
include floods, volcanic eruptions, earthquakes, tsunamis,
and other geologic processes. A natural disaster can
cause loss of life or property damage, and typically leaves
some economic damage in its wake, the severity of which
depends on the affected population's resilience, or ability
to recover.
• An adverse event will not rise to the level of a disaster if it
occurs in an area without vulnerable population. In a
vulnerable area, however, such as San Francisco, an
earthquake can have disastrous consequences and leave
lasting damage, requiring years to repair.
Made By:-Mayank Raj 8828 15
VII B

6. Photos Of Natural Disasters
Made By:-Mayank Raj 8828 15
VII B

7. Air pressure
Atmospheric pressure is the force per unit area
exerted on a surface by the weight of air above that
surface in the atmosphere of Earth (or that of another
planet). In most circumstances atmospheric pressure
is closely approximated by the hydrostatic
pressure caused by the weight of air above the
measurement point. On a given plane, low-pressure
areas have less atmospheric mass above their
location, whereas high-pressure areas have more
atmospheric mass above their location.
Made By:-Mayank Raj
8828 15 VII B

8. Wind Speed
• Wind speed, or wind velocity, is a
fundamental atmospheric rate.
• Wind speed affects weather forecasting, aircraft and
maritime operations, construction projects, growth and
metabolism rate of many plant species, and countless
other implications.
• Wind speed is now commonly measured with
an anemometer but can also be classified using the
older Beaufort scale which is based on people's
observation of specifically defined wind effects.
Made By:-Mayank Raj 8828 15 VII B

9. Air Expands On Heating
To show that air expands when heated, fit an electric
light bulb flask or a bottle with a one-hole stopper or
cork which has a 30-cm length of glass tubing or a
soda straw through it. Place the end of the tube in a
small bottle of water. Heat the flask and observe what
happens. Heat the flask until a considerable amount of
air has been removed and then cool the flask by
pouring cold water over it or by rubbing it with a piece
of ice.
Made By:-Mayank Raj 8828
15 VII B

10. Wind Currents and Thunderstorms
A current created by the action of the wind.
Currents produced by winds in the Open Sea
will set to the right of the direction towards
which the wind is blowing if in the Northern
Hemisphere and to the left of this direction if in
the Southern Hemisphere.
Made By:-Mayank Raj
8828 15 VII B

11. Precautions during Thunderstorms
 Inside a car is a relatively safe place to be during a
thunderstorm.
Never put up your tent near utility poles or masts, on
the outskirts of the forest or near isolated trees.
Being in or just near the water during a thunderstorm
can be a dangerous experiment.
Made By:-Mayank Raj 8828 15 VII
B

12. Cyclones
• A cyclone is an area of closed, circular fluid motion
rotating in the same direction as the Earth. This is
usually characterized by inward spiraling winds that
rotate anticlockwise in the Northern
Hemisphere and clockwise in the Southern
Hemisphere of the Earth. Most large-scale cyclonic
circulations are centered on areas of low atmospheric
pressure.
Made By:-Mayank Raj 8828 15 VII B

13. Precautions during Cyclones
Trees will need regular trimmings.
Keep the storm water drains free from any blocks .
You should take refuge at the strongest part of your home like where you have the concrete
columns .
Don't stand beneath ceiling fans and chandeliers which may fall down
When the strong wind blows cover yourself with pillows and bed sheets to reduce the physical
injury.
Avoid phone as there will be lightning
At the same time you should be prepared to leave your home sufficiently in advance to safety.
Then you must always have a safety kit or you must train yourself to make the kit in a short
time.
If hurricane is likely to cross on your journey way , take shelter in a safe place.
If after the hurricane is over, you may have the danger of being hit by some falling objects.
• Made By:-Mayank Raj 8828 15 VII
B

14. Tornadoes
A tornado is a violently rotating column of air that is
in contact with both the surface of the earth and
a cumulonimbus cloud or, in rare cases, the base of
a cumulus cloud. They are often referred to as
twisters or cyclones, although the word cyclone is
used in meteorology, in a wider sense, to name any
closed low pressure circulation.
• Made By:-Mayank Raj
8828 15 VII B

15. Precautions during Tornadoes
• Being prepared before the storm is essential and can be easily done by gathering these
items and placing them in a waterproof plastic tub.
• Bottled water
Non-perishable food
Flashlight(s) and extra batteries
Blanket(s)
First aid kit
• All information should be copies only, with the originals in a safe location.
Cell phone with a fully charged battery
Extra medication
• This safety kit should be kept in the spot you will be heading to during a tornado. This will
allow the goods and information to be near you when a storm arises, without time spent
moving it from location to location. This kit can stay in the spot the entire tornado season;
however, updating the kit will be necessary during the season as well as after the season
has ended.
Made By:-Mayank Raj 8828
15 VII B

16. Photos of Thunderstorms and Tornadoes
Made By:-Mayank Raj
8828 15 VII B

17. Thank you
Made By:-Mayank Raj 8828 15 VII B