Selenium

Automated web application testing using Selenium - Muthukrishnan Shanmugam Automated web application testing using Selenium - Muthukrishnan Shanmugam

Browser based suite of tools to automate web application testing across many platforms.
Selenium is developed by ThoughtWorks.
An open source released under the Apache 2.0 license.
Developed in JavaScript/DHTML.
Official site - http://selenium.openqa.org/
Introduction Overview

Alerts
Same origin policy
File uploads
and more..
Overview
Supports testing apps built by web 2.0 technologies like AJAX
Suitable for Functionality and Browser Compatibility Testing
Table/Keyword driven Testing
Testing can be controlled by many programming languages and testing frameworks
Faster Test Execution
Thumbs Up  Thumbs Down 

Selenium IDE
Selenium Core
Selenium Remote Control (RC)
Selenium Grid
Selenium on Rails
Cubic test
Selenium Products Overview

Selenium IDE 1.0b2

Selenium IDE is a tool to test functionality of web applications
Acts as a complete IDE for selenium tests, as it lets the user to record, playback,
edit and debug tests, view test logs and results
Runs in the browser, Implemented as Firefox extension.
Platform support
Only Firefox 2+ browsers
All Operating systems
Programming Languages – HTML, C#, Java, Perl, PHP, Python and Ruby

Method 1 – From open qa’s site
http://selenium-ide.openqa.org/download.jsp
Method 2 – From Mozilla’s Add-ons site
https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/2079
Installing Selenium IDE 1.0b2 Overview Exploring Selenium IDE 1.0b2
Run and Record toolbar
Script pane
Lower pane
Menu

Commands – tells sel. What to do
Actions – Manipulates the state of application
e.g. click/clickAndWait, type/typeAndWait
Accessors – Examines the state of application and stores the results in a variable
e.g. storeTitle
Assertions – Verifies the state of application and conforms to what is expected. All
selenium assertions can be used in 3 modes ‘assert’, ‘verify’ and ‘waitFor’.
Element Locators – tells sel. Which HTML element a command refers to
Locators could be of id, name, dom, xpath, link or css
Patterns – can be used for various reasons. e.g. can be used to specify an expected value
Patterns could be of values, exact/reg-ex/glob string
Script pane – in detail Overview

By Default, the test is recorded as a Selenese HTML script
Recording can be done in any of the supported programming languages and same
could be exported for editing.
P.S : Selenium IDE does not allow the user to run scripts other than Selenese HTML
Recording Overview Playing Back
Scripts could be played back with the following options
Playing the entire Test suite
Playing the current Test case
Playing with Sel. IDE Test runner
Playing by the speed of user’s choice

Plan your Test
Prepare Manual Test Cases
Record the Base scripts
Play it back for verification
Convert Manual Test cases into Automation Test Scripts (Editing / Inserting Test
scripts)
Run the Test scripts
Analyze the Test results
Testing Functionality of a simple web app. using Selenium IDE Overview

Sample Test run using Selenium IDE…..

Selenium Core 0.8.3

Selenium Core is a tool to Test Functionality and Browser Compatibility of web
applications
Runs directly in the browser and lets the user only to run the tests
Platform support
Browsers – FF 3, FF 2, IE 7, Safari 3, Safari 2, Opera 9, Opera 8
OS – Windows, OS X, Linux, Solaris
How ever works on any platform with JavaScript enabled browsers

Installing Selenium Core 0.8.3 Overview
Download Sel. Core from http://selenium-core.openqa.org/download.jsp
Make it available from the same web server as the application you want to test
If you can’t modify the application’s web server you want to test, then core isn’t the right
tool for you !
Open Sel. Test runner as a http page and NOT as a file

How Selenium core works? Overview
Uses JavaScript and Iframes to embed a Test Automation engine in your browser
Why I’ve to Install Sel.core on the same place as web server is?

Exploring Selenium Test Runner 0.8.3 Overview

Testing using Selenium Core Overview
Generate Test Scripts using Selenium IDE
Place the Test Suite in Tests folder of Sel. Core
Give away the Test suite’s path in Test Runner and click Go
Run the Test Suite / Test Cases
Analyze the Test Results for its Functionality
Analyze the Test Results for its Browser Compatibility

Overview HTA mode
HTA mode works only with IE on windows, can’t use it for testing with any other browsers
HTA file is a special type of HTML file, that is allowed to violate the same origin policy
You don’t have to install core onto the web server
Just open TestRunner.hta file in the Sel. Core installation folder, you’re now free to run your tests
against any website

Selenium Remote Control 0.9.2

Selenium Remote Control is a tool to test the functionality and browser
compatibility of web applications
Test scripts can be generated in programming languages of user choice
Platform support
Programming Languages - HTML, C#, Java, Perl, PHP, Python and Ruby
Browsers – FF 3, FF 2, IE 7, Safari 3, Safari 2, Opera 9, Opera 8
OS – Windows, OS X, Linux, Solaris
How ever works on any platform with JavaScript enabled browsers
RC is great for testing complex AJAX based web UI under a continuous integration system

Selenium RC Architecture Overview

Overview
RC client driver reaches out the RC server
RC server launches a browser
RC server bundles selenium Core and automatically loads into the browser
TestRunner in core will now open AUT
The Test script starts running
How Selenium RC works?

Installing Selenium RC 0.9.2 Overview
Download selenium RC from http://selenium-rc.openqa.org/download.html
Install the latest version of JRE and add it to path env. variable
check using java –version in the command prompt
Install the latest version of PERL
Install selenium PERL client driver, run the foll. commands in PERL client driver directory
perl makefile.pl – you’ll now find an auto-generated make file
nmake install (for windows) – PERL modules will be downloaded from CPAN

Testing options on Selenium RC Overview
Testing without Coding
Normal Mode
Interactive Mode – for rapid prototyping of tests
Proxy Injection Mode – Experimental feature for now
Programming the Test using any of the supported Programming Languages

A Sample Test using RC in Interactive mode Overview
Start the server in interactive mode the cmd line - java -jar selenium-server.jar -interactive
Launch the browser - cmd=getNewBrowserSession&1=*iexplore&2=http://www.google.com
(or)
cmd=getNewBrowserSession&1=*firefox&2=http://www.google.com
Jot down the session id; say, session id = 260113
Lets do a Google search !
cmd=open&1=http://www.google.com/webhp&sessionId=260113
cmd=type&1=q&2=hello world&sessionId=260113
cmd=click&1=btnG&sessionId=260113
Getting the page’s title cmd=getTitle&sessionId=260113
Wind up - cmd=testComplete&sessionId=260113

Sample Test run using Selenium RC with PERL script…

More on RC…. Overview
RC circumvents Same origin policy by acting as a client-configured proxy
Automatically Launching other browsers
cmd=getNewBrowserSession&1=*custom c:Program
FilesNetscapeNetscapeNetscp.exe&2=http://www.google.com – Must manually configure
HTTP proxy as ‘localhost:4444’
Running Tests under multi-window - java -jar selenium-server.jar -multiWindow

Selenium Grid 1.0.1

Selenium Grid is a tool that dramatically speeds up end-to-end web testing
Transparently distributes your tests on multiple machines, so that tests run on parallel
Cuts down time required for running in-browser test suites
How Selenium Grid works?

Installing Selenium Grid 1.0.1 Overview
Hub machine
Install the latest version of JRE and JDK, check using java -version
Install the latest version of ANT
Download the binary distribution
Add the ANT folder to PATH env. Variable
check using ant –version
Download the latest Selenium Grid from http://selenium-grid.openqa.org/download.html
Transparently distributes your tests on multiple machines, so that tests run on parallel
Go to the root of Selenium Grid directory validate the installation – ant sanity-check
Remote control machines should have Selenium RCs installed

Running Tests in Sequence on Firefox on a single machine Overview
Launch Hub by using ant launch-hub in Hub machine
Check whether that the Hub is running by looking at http://localhost:4444/console
Launch RC in a new terminal using ant launch-remote-control in Hub machine
Now check http://localhost:4444/console for a running remote control
Run demo in sequence using ant run-demo-in-sequence in a new terminal

Running Tests in Parallel on Firefox on a single machine Overview
Launch Hub by using ant launch-hub in Hub machine
Check whether that the Hub is running by looking at http://localhost:4444/console
Launch RC in a new terminal using ant launch-remote-control in Hub machine
Launch 3 more RCs in separate terminals ant -Dport=5556 launch-remote-control, ant -Dport=5557
launch-remote-control, ant -Dport=5558 launch-remote-control
Now check http://localhost:4444/console for all four running remote controls
Run demo in parallel using ant run-demo-in-parallel in a new terminal

Running Tests in Parallel on Multiple Machines Overview

Running Tests with RCc Providing different environment Overview

Thank you !!! Overview

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Selenium

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Selenium — Presentation Transcript