This workshop hopes to provoke a group discussion as we explore the history and development of the ebook and the various models that have emerged for acquiring and accessing them, archiving them and evaluating their usage. We'll explore such topics as aggregation, individual publisher platforms, and patron-driven acquisitions. We’ll have a look at standards for ebook reader display and usage statistics and, time permitting, we’ll talk briefly about copyright challenges as well as impromptu topics that arise from the discussion.
With Jeff Carroll, Acting Director for Collection Development–Columbia University & Colleen Major, Head, Electronic Resources Management: Operations & Analysis, Columbia University.
2. E-Books 2012: What’s on the
Catwalk?
WLA Conference 2012
Colleen Major
Electronic Resources Librarian
Columbia University Libraries
Jeff Carroll
Acting Director for Collection Development
Columbia University Libraries
4. HarperCollins puts new limits on library e-books
The Los Angeles Times: Glanton, Dahleen; 3/7/2011
Publishers vs. Libraries: An E-Book Tug of War
The New York Times: Stross, Randall; 12/24/2011
5. U.S. sues Apple, publishers in e-book price scheme
The Chicago Tribune: Bartz, Diane and Gupta, Poornima; 4/11/2012
Publishers vs. Libraries: An E-Book Tug of War
The New York Times: Stross, Randall; 12/24/2011
HarperCollins puts new limits on library e-books
The Los Angeles Times: Glanton, Dahleen; 3/7/2011
6. E-books sales surge after holidays
USA Today: Minzesheimer, Bob; 1/9/2012
Publishers vs. Libraries: An E-Book Tug of War
The New York Times: Stross, Randall; 12/24/2011
HarperCollins puts new limits on library e-books
The Los Angeles Times: Glanton, Dahleen; 3/7/2011
U.S. sues Apple, publishers in e-book price scheme
The Chicago Tribune: Bartz, Diane and Gupta, Poornima; 4/11/2012
7. E-books spark battle inside the publishing industry
The Washington Post: Maneker, Marion; 12/27/2009
Publishers vs. Libraries: An E-Book Tug of War
The New York Times: Stross, Randall; 12/24/2011
HarperCollins puts new limits on library e-books
The Los Angeles Times: Glanton, Dahleen; 3/7/2011
U.S. sues Apple, publishers in e-book price scheme
The Chicago Tribune: Bartz, Diane and Gupta, Poornima; 4/11/2012
E-books sales surge after holidays
USA Today: Minzesheimer, Bob; 1/9/2012
8. EBooks Unbound!
…now what?
E-Books in CLIO (total bib. Records.)
0
200,000
400,000
600,000
800,000
1,000,000
1,200,000
FY04 FY05 FY06 FY07 FY08 FY09 FY10
Total E-Book Expenditures
$0
$200,000
$400,000
$600,000
$800,000
$1,000,000
FY07 FY08 FY09 FY10
Library Based
Springer/Wiley
HathiTrust
Project Gutenberg
Ebrary/EBSCOhost EBooks
JSTOR
Project Muse
UniversityPress Scholarship Online
Consumer Based
Kindle/Nook, etc.
Device oriented
App-oriented
Overdrive
Google Books
Future
epub format/standards
Tablets v. e-readers
More flexible EBook collections
Functionality
DRM
Checkout/downloads
Discoverability/Searchability
Jeff Carroll jc677@columbia.edu
Cris Ergunay cmm64@columbia.edu
Colleen Major cmm2169@columbia.eduColumbia University Libraries
23. • 1971
• Michael Hart starts Project Gutenberg by digitizing
the Declaration of Independence on Xerox Sigma V
Mainframe computer in Materials Research Lab at
Univ. of Illinois
24. • 1971
• Michael Hart starts Project Gutenberg by digitizing
the Declaration of Independence on Xerox Sigma V
Mainframe computer in Materials Research Lab at
Univ. of Illinois
• Mainframe was one of 15 nodes making up
ARPANET
25. • 1971
• Michael Hart starts Project Gutenberg by digitizing
the Declaration of Independence on Xerox Sigma V
Mainframe computer in Materials Research Lab at
Univ. of Illinois
• Mainframe was one of 15 nodes making up
ARPANET
• Goal: to digitize 10,000 of the most consulted
books by end of 20th Century
26. Project Gutenberg
number of e-books
Source:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Project_Gutenberg_total_books.svg
27. • 1971
• Michael Hart starts Project Gutenberg by digitizing
the Declaration of Independence on Xerox Sigma V
Mainframe computer in Materials Research Lab at
Univ. of Illinois
• Mainframe was one of 15 nodes making up
ARPANET
• Goal: to digitize 10,000 of the most consulted
books by end of 20th Century
• More than 38,000 publicly available e-books as
of 2012
51. • Models
• Aggregators
• Purchase
• PDA/DDA
• Patron-Driven, or Demand-Driven
Acquisitions
• Makes broad universe of titles
available to patrons
52. • Models
• Aggregators
• Purchase
• PDA/DDA
• Patron-Driven, or Demand-Driven
Acquisitions
• Makes broad universe of titles
available to patrons
• Library purchases after x number of
uses
53. • Models
• Aggregators
• Purchase
• PDA/DDA
• Patron-Driven, or Demand-Driven
Acquisitions
• Makes broad universe of titles
available to patrons
• Library purchases after x number of
uses
• No guarantee of long-term availability
for titles not purchased
54. Year
Net Dollar Sales
Overall (in billions)
Net Dollar Sales for E-
Books* (in billions)
2008 26.5 0.2
2009 27.1
2010 27.9 0.9
Size of U.S. Total Publishing Industry: 2008-2010
* Estimated based on available data.
Source: Association of American Publishers
http://www.publishers.org/bookstats/highlights/
Libraries in the aggregate represent an estimated
6.8% of these totals.
55. Size of U.S. Total Publishing Industry: 2008-2010
* Estimated based on available data.
Source: Association of American Publishers
http://www.publishers.org/bookstats/highlights/
Year
Net Unit Sales Overall
(in billions)
Net Unit Sales for E-
Books* (in billions)
2008 2.470 0.010
2009 2.510
2010 2.570 0.114
56. Year
Net Dollar Sales
Overall (in billions)
Net Dollar Sales for E-
Books* (in billions)
2008 26.5 0.2
2009 27.1
2010 27.9 0.9
Size of U.S. Total Publishing Industry: 2008-2010
* Estimated based on available data.
Source: Association of American Publishers
http://www.publishers.org/bookstats/highlights/
Libraries in the aggregate represent an estimated
6.8% of these totals.
57. Year
Net Dollar Sales
Overall (in billions)
Net Dollar Sales for E-
Books* (in billions)
2008 26.5 0.2
2009 27.1
2010 27.9 0.9
Size of U.S. Total Publishing Industry: 2008-2010
* Estimated based on available data.
Source: Association of American Publishers
http://www.publishers.org/bookstats/highlights/
Libraries in the aggregate represent an estimated
6.8% of these totals.
E-Books and Libraries represent
potential risk in disproportion to size.
61. Publisher motivation
Efforts to protect revenue:
• Impose limits on usage (e.g., 1 user per copy)
• Not selling to libraries at all
62. Publisher motivation
Efforts to protect revenue:
• Impose limits on usage (e.g., 1 user per copy)
• Not selling to libraries at all
• Selling a “license to use content” rather than selling actual
content.
63. Publisher motivation
Efforts to protect revenue:
• Impose limits on usage (e.g., 1 user per copy)
• Not selling to libraries at all
• Selling a “license to use content” rather than selling actual
content.
• Attempt to address “First-Sale Doctrine” under U.S. copyright
law (U.S.C. 17, sec. 109 and 202.)
64. Publisher motivation
Efforts to protect revenue:
• Impose limits on usage (e.g., 1 user per copy)
• Not selling to libraries at all
• Selling a “license to use content” rather than selling actual
content.
• Attempt to address “First-Sale Doctrine” under U.S. copyright
law (U.S.C. 17, sec. 109 and 202.)
• U.S. sues Apple, publishers in e-book price scheme
The Chicago Tribune: Bartz, Diane and Gupta, Poornima;
4/11/2012
65. Publisher motivation
Efforts to protect revenue:
• Impose limits on usage (e.g., 1 user per copy)
• Not selling to libraries at all
• Selling a “license to use content” rather than selling actual
content.
• Attempt to address “First-Sale Doctrine” under U.S. copyright
law (U.S.C. 17, sec. 109 and 202.)
• U.S. sues Apple, publishers in e-book price scheme
The Chicago Tribune: Bartz, Diane and Gupta, Poornima;
4/11/2012
• Apple and 5 publishers accused of price collusion over e-
books
71. Manhattan Research Library Initiative (MaRLI)
• University Press Scholarship Online (UPSO)
o NYU, NYPL, Columbia U
o Fordham, Kentucky, Florida, Hong Kong, Cairo
frontlist
e-access, via Oxford and Ebrary
print discount
1 print copy to NYPL
72. • Columbia and Cornell University Libraries
• partnership that enables us to pool resources
to provide content, expertise, and services
that are impossible to accomplish acting
alone
2CUL E-Books Task Force
81. Usage Statistics
• Electronic Resource Assessment Working
Group - charged with recommending ways of
employing use data effectively to assess e-resource
collections, improve end-user access, and provide
meaningful reports to library managers.
e-Duke Books Scholarly Collection
Columbia has purchased since 2009
• has purchased the discounted print add-on
option
o Reviewed 2011 use data of print and online titles
82. Provocative Statements
• Discoverability should come through using
utilities outside of the traditional catalog
(Summon, Google)
• Amazon lending model (Freading) will replace
traditional lending models
• The purchasing model for E-Books should be
PDA/DDA for all but largest of research
libraries.
• Libraries should use student budget lines to
fund on-demand purchases.
83. Key Resources
• Pew Research Center
• Report: The Rise of e-reading
• Book Industry Study Group (BISG)
• Consumer Attitudes towards E-Book
Reading