Engaging Digital Natives

Engaging Digital Natives Examining 21 st century literacies and their implications for teaching in the digital age. Jennifer Carrier Dorman http://jdorman.wikispaces.com/Conferences

http://jdorman.wikispaces.com/Conferences

We are at a turning point in the tech industry and perhaps even in the history of the world Tim O’Reilly – Feb. 14 2006

The Case for 21 st Century Education
Education is changing.
Competition is changing internationally.
The workplace, jobs, and skill demands are changing.

Implications
These changes, among others, are ushering us toward a world where knowledge, power, and productive capability will be more dispersed than at any time in our history—a world where value creation will be fast, fluid, and persistently disruptive.
A world where only the connected will survive.
A power shift is underway, and a tough new business rule is emerging: Harness the new collaboration or perish.
Those who fail to grasp this will find themselves ever more isolated—cut off from the networks that are sharing, adapting, and updating knowledge to create value.

Implications for Schools
For smart schools [companies], the rising tide of mass collaboration offers vast opportunity…Schools [Companies] can reach beyond their walls to sow the seeds of innovation and harvest a bountiful crop.
Indeed, educators [firms] that cultivate nimble, trust-based relationships with external collaborators are positioned to form vibrant classroom [business] ecosystems that enhance learning [create value] more effectively than hierarchically organized schools [businesses].
(edits by Will Richardson, original words in brackets)

Digital Natives

Digital Natives
It is now clear that as a result of this ubiquitous information environment and the sheer volume of their interaction with it, today’s students think and process information fundamentally differently from their predecessors.
Marc Prensky – “Digital Natives, Digital Immigrants” 2001

Digital Natives
“ Different kinds of experiences lead to different brain structures” - Dr. Bruce D. Berry of Baylor College of Medicine.
it is very likely that our students’ brains have physically changed – and are different from ours – as a result of how they grew up

Who are the digital natives?
Our students today are all “native speakers” of the digital language of computers, video games, instantaneous communication, and the Internet.
Those of us who were not born into the digital world but have, at some later point in our lives, become fascinated by and adopted many or most aspects of the new technology are Digital Immigrants .

The Challenge
Our Digital Immigrant instructors, who speak an outdated language (that of the pre-digital age), are struggling to teach a population that speaks an entirely new language

The Nomadic Grazing Patterns of Digital Natives
Digital Natives are used to receiving information really fast.
They like to parallel process and multi-task.
They prefer their graphics before their text rather than the opposite.

The Nomadic Grazing Patterns of Digital Natives
They prefer random access (like hypertext).
They function best when networked.
They thrive on instant gratification and frequent rewards.
They prefer games to “serious” work.

Methodology
Today’s teachers have to learn to communicate in the language and style of their students.
This doesn’t mean changing the meaning of what is important, or of good thinking skills.

Web 2.0

What is Web 2.0?
Web 2.0 is a term often applied to a perceived ongoing transition of the World Wide Web from a collection of static websites to a full-fledged computing platform serving web applications to end users.
Tim O’Reilly

Web 2.0
Static content transformed by dynamic participation
Communities
Networks
Read/write

The New WWW
Whatever
Whenever
Wherever
Tom March, Web-based educator, author, and instructional designer

The New WWW
The New WWW—offering us whatever we want, whenever and wherever we want it—may seem like just an extension of our already-technology-enhanced contemporary life

Confronting the Challenges of a Participatory Culture Media Education for the 21 st Century

“ If it were possible to define generally the mission of education, it could be said that its fundamental purpose is to ensure that all students benefit from learning in ways that allow them to participate fully in public, community, [Creative] and economic life.”
— New London Group (2000, p. 9)

Participatory Culture
According to a recent study from the Pew Internet & American Life project (Lenhardt & Madden, 2005), more than one-half of all teens have created media content, and roughly one-third of teens who use the Internet have shared content they produced.

A Participatory Culture . . .
With relatively low barriers to artistic expression and civic engagement
With strong support for creating and sharing one’s creations with others
With some type of informal mentorship whereby what is known by the most experienced is passed along to novices
Where members believe that their contributions matter
Where members feel some degree of social connection with one another (at the least they care what other people think about what they have created)

Forms of Participatory Culture
Affiliations — memberships, formal and informal, in online communities centered around various forms of media, such as Friendster, Facebook, message boards, metagaming, game clans, or MySpace
Expressions — producing new creative forms, such as digital sampling, skinning and modding, fan videomaking, fan fiction writing, zines, mash-ups

Forms of Participatory Culture
Collaborative Problem-solving — working together in teams, formal and informal, to complete tasks and develop new knowledge (such as through Wikipedia , alternative reality gaming, spoiling).
Circulations — Shaping the flow of media (such as podcasting, blogging).

Implications
A growing body of scholarship suggests potential benefits of these forms of participatory culture, including:
opportunities for peer-to-peer learning,
a changed attitude toward intellectual property,
the diversification of cultural expression,
the development of skills valued in the modern workplace, and a more empowered conception of citizenship.

Implications
Participatory culture shifts the focus of literacy from one of individual expression to community involvement.
The new literacies almost all involve social skills developed through collaboration and networking.
These skills build on the foundation of traditional literacy, research skills, technical skills, and critical analysis skills taught in the classroom.

The New Literacies
Play — the capacity to experiment with one’s surroundings as a form of problem-solving
Performance — the ability to adopt alternative identities for the purpose of improvisation and discovery
Simulation — the ability to interpret and construct dynamic models of real-world processes
Appropriation — the ability to meaningfully sample and remix media content

The New Literacies
Multitasking — the ability to scan one’s environment and shift focus as needed to salient details.
Distributed Cognition — the ability to interact meaningfully with tools that expand mental capacities
Collective Intelligence — the ability to pool knowledge and compare notes with others toward a common goal
Judgment — the ability to evaluate the reliability and credibility of different information sources

The New Literacies
Transmedia Navigation — the ability to follow the flow of stories and information across multiple modalities
Networking — the ability to search for, synthesize, and disseminate information
Negotiation — the ability to travel across diverse communities, discerning and respecting multiple perspectives, and grasping and following alternative norms.

Blogs
A blog is a website for which an individual or a group frequently generates text, photographs, video or audio files, and/or links, typically (but not always) on a daily basis.
The term is a shortened form of weblog.
Authoring a blog, maintaining a blog or adding an article to an existing blog is called "blogging".
Individual articles on a blog are called "blog posts," "posts," or "entries".
The person who posts these entries is called a "blogger".

Why the sudden popularity of blogs?
RSS - Really Simple Syndication

RSS Aggregator – Bloglines

Blogs in School?
Blogs are tools, and like any tools they can be used or misused.
Misuse occurs more often when there's a lack of instruction. (MySpace, Xanga, Facebook)
Interactivity, publishing, collective intelligence

Blogs in School
Teacher Blogs
Homework
Keep Parents in the Loop
Virtual Inservice
Professional collaboration
Student Blogs
This week in class, we...
Student Work
Online portfolio
Peer/teacher feedback

Why Students Shouldn’t Blog
People will read it.
People might not like it.
They might share test answers with others.
They might be found by a child predator online
They might write something inappropriate.
They might find something inappropriate.
They might get other students to start blogging.
http://blogging101.wikispaces.com/whywhynot

Why Students Should Blog
People will read it.
They might like it.
They might share what they've learned with others.
They might participate in a collaborative learning project.
They might become inspired to learn.
They might inspire others to learn.
They might get other students to start blogging.
If they don't talk in class, they might on a blog.
http://blogging101.wikispaces.com/whywhynot

Daily Scribe

Classroom Extensions

Tips for Blogging http://blogging101.wikispaces.com/bloggersbeware

Blog Hosting for Schools
Blogmeister - http:// classblogmeister.com /
Edublogs - http:// edublogs.org /

Podcasts

Podcasts
iPod + Broadcast = Podcast
Amateur radio
Podcasting is the method of distributing multimedia files, such as audio programs or music videos, over the Internet using either the RSS or Atom syndication formats, for playback on mobile devices and personal computers.

Why use podcasts?
Podcasts enable students to share their knowledge and expertise with others through a creative outlet.
Podcasts tap into a mode of media input that is commonplace for digital natives.
Podcasts empower students to form relationships with the content and each other in relevant ways.

Why use podcasts?
Podcasting is yet another way for them [students] to be creating and contributing ideas to a larger conversation, and it’s a way of archiving that contribution for future audiences to use.
Will Richardson, Blogs, Wikis, Podcasts and Other Powerful Web Tools for Classrooms

How can podcasts be used?
In the classroom, educators and students can use podcasts to inform others about class news, current events, and areas of interest.
Students can use a podcast forum to persuade their peers to help others, make a difference, or try something new.
Podcasts can also be used to edutain others through creative narratives .

How can podcasts be used?
Podcasts engage students in thinking critically about their speaking fluency and communication skills.
The opportunity to create a podcast about what students would like to discuss and share with others is extremely motivating.

Other Enduring Benefits
Along with the use of technology there are certain responsibilities that educators and students need to follow.
Educators need to instruct students on safe and acceptable use of technology in and outside of the classroom.
Not only do students need to learn how to appropriately research, but also how to safely and properly share information online.
Podcasts allow students to learn first hand about copyright laws and fair use issues.

Jumping in with both feet . . .
Listen to a few podcasts online
iTunes > Source List > Podcasts > Education
http://www.podcastalley.com/
http://www.ipodder.org/
http://epnweb.org/
http://www.jakeludington.com/archives/000405.html (“Podcasting with Windows Media Player)
Get a feel for the genre
Podcasts are not “polished” – production value is secondary to the content

Searching for Podcasts - iTunes

Subscribing to Podcasts

Creating a Podcast
Write your script.
Practice.
Record your audio file. ( Audacity )
Edit your audio (Effect > Normalize)
Add and credit legally useable music ( optional )
File > Save Project.
File > Export as MP3 > Edit ID3 Tags
Upload the MP3 file to a web server. ( GCast and Audioblogger )

Audacity – Audio Editing Software
http://audacity.sourceforge.net/

Publishing Your Podcasts - GCast

Pedagogy for Podcasting
Education Podcast Network
University of Wisconsin-Madison Podcasting
Pod Pedagogy

Online Podcasting Resources http://jdorman.wikispaces.com/+Podcasting

What is a Wiki?
A wiki is a type of website that allows users easily to add, remove, or otherwise edit and change most available content.

How is a Wiki Constructed?
A single page in a wiki is referred to as a "wiki page", while the entire body of pages, which are usually highly interconnected via hyperlinks, is "the wiki“
in effect, a wiki is actually a very simple, easy-to-use user-maintained database for searching and creating information.

Are Wikis Safe?
Wikis are generally designed with the philosophy of making it easy to correct mistakes, rather than making it difficult to make them.

Are Wikis Safe?
Thus while wikis are very open, they provide a means to verify the validity of recent additions to the body of pages.
The most prominent, on almost every wiki, is the "Recent Changes" page—a specific list numbering recent edits, or a list of all the edits made within a given timeframe.

Tracking Changes

Using Wikis as a Source
Wikipedia is as reliable as other external sources we rely on.
Properly written articles cite the sources, and a reader should rely on the Wikipedia article as much, but no more, than the sources the article relies on.
If an article doesn't cite a source, it may or may not be reliable.
Students should never use information in a wiki until they have checked those external sources.

What the Experts are Saying
Wikis are helping young people develop “writing skills and social skills by learning about group consensus and compromise—all the virtues you need to be a reasonable and productive member of society.”
Jimmy Wales, founder of Wikipedia

What the Experts are Saying
“ The media is controlled by people who have the resources to control it,” he says. “Wikis show that all of us have an equal opportunity to contribute to knowledge.”
Andy Garvin, head of the Digital Divide Network

Ways to Use Wikis
Use wikis as formats for subject guides.
Invite students and teachers to annotate your catalog on a wiki.
Make wikis meeting places for communities inside the school.
Link librarians and teachers in your district in a collaborative enterprise.

Class Wikis

Class Wikis – Online Content

Class Wikis - Webquests

Class Wikis – Student Collaboration

Professional Learning Communities

PLC – Professional Research

PLC – Virtual Training

PLC – Curricular Collaboration

PLC – Supporting Teachers

Links to Getting Started
Wiki Walk-Through http://www.teachersfirst.com/content/wiki/
What’s a wiki?
Who uses wikis?
Wikis or blogs?
How to use wikis with students.
Ideas for activities, projects, collaborations, etc.
Using wikis in Education (blog) http://ikiw.org/
Classroom use of wikis http://www.teachinghacks.com/wiki/index.php?title=Wikis

Wikispaces
Wikispaces is offering K-12 organizations their premium membership for free
No advertisements
Greater storage capacity
Enhanced privacy settings
http://www.wikispaces.com/site/for/teachers100K

NYT Magazine – December 3, 2006
“ Open Source Spying ” Clive Thompson
The U.S.A. and other Western countries have embraced 21 st century technologies such as blogs and wikis.
“ Once the intelligence community has a robust and mature wiki and blog knowledge-sharing Web space . . . the nature of intelligence will change forever.”

Social Learning http://jdorman.wikispaces.com/Social+Learning

Social Learning – Web 2.0 http://jdorman.wikispaces.com/Social+Learning

Del.icio.us http://del.icio.us/

Stu.dicio.us http://stu.dicio.us/

Stu.dicio.us Features
Note-taking
Note commenting
Note sharing
Keyword link to Google and Wikipedia
To-Do Lists
Schedule
Document storage/tracking
Grade organizer
Privacy Features
RSS Feeds
Integration with Facebook
Social Networking
http://stu.dicio.us/

Furl http://www.furl.net/

BlinkList http://www.blinklist.com/

BlinkList http://www.blinklist.com/static/classroom.php

StumbleUpon http://www.stumbleupon.com/

Digg
Find an article, video, or podcast online and submit it to Digg.com. Your submission will immediately appear in “Upcoming Stories,” where other members can find it and, if they like it, Digg it.
Subscribe to RSS feeds of particular topics, popular/upcoming sections, individual users, and the search terms of your choice
Digg. Participate in the collaborative editorial process by Digging the stuff that you like best.
Build a friend list; then your friends can track what you’re Digging. They can also subscribe to an RSS feed of your submissions and/or your Diggs.
http://www.digg.com/

Diigo http://www.diigo.com/

Diigo http://groups.diigo.com/groups/edn

Gradefix http://www.gradefix.com/

Gradefix

mynoteIT http://www.mynoteit.com/

Backpack http://www.backpackit.com/

Schoopy http://www.schoopy.com/

Wizlite
Wizlite is a tool allowing users to collaboratively highlight important passages on pages on the Internet.
Users can organize in groups and attach notes to their selections.
Wizlite is activated by a bookmarklet or Firefox toolbar extension.
Wizlite is great for many applications, such as topic discovery (e.g. for talks) or reviewing.
http://wizlite.com/

NoteMesh
NoteMesh is a free service that allows college students in the same classes to share notes with each other.
It works by creating a wiki for individual classes that users can edit.
Users are free to post their own lecture notes or contribute to existing lecture notes.
The idea is that users in the same class can collaboratively create a definitive source for lecture notes.
http://notemesh.com

PageFlakes http://www.pageflakes.com

Social Networking – 43 Things http://www.43things.com/

Flickr
What you can do with your photos:
Upload
Tag
Geotag (mapping)
Blog
Comment
Organize
Organize into online photo albums with annotation
Form/join groups
http://www.flickr.com

Applications for Flickr
Virtual field trip
Categorize, analyze, evaluate images
Geography practice
Picture books-documentaries
Display original artwork
Online scavenger hunts
Process live field trips
Upload exported (jpeg) Inspiration graphic organizers

Photo Editing Tools http://www.picnik.com/ Picnik http://www.cursorarts.com/ca_imffw.html ImageForge http://www.vicman.net/vcwphoto/index.htm VCW VicMan’s Photo Editor http://www.ultimatepaint.com/ Ultimate Paint http://photofiltre.free.fr/frames_en.htm PhotoFiltre http://park18.wakwak.com/~pixia/ Pixia http://www.eecs.wsu.edu/paint.net/ Paint.Net http://www.freeserifsoftware.com/ Free Serif PhotoPlus http://www.gimp.org/windows/ GIMP http://picasa.google.com/ Picasa http://pxn8.com/ Pxn8 http://www.phixr.com/ Phixr

Online Bibliography Helpers
Easybib - http://www.easybib.com/
KnightCite http://webapps.calvin.edu/knightcite/
Landmarks Citation Machine http://citationmachine.net/
NoodleTools http://www.noodletools.com/
Ottobib http:// ottobib.com /

Video Editing Tools http://www.microsoft.com/windowsxp/using/ digitalphotography/photostory/default.mspx Microsoft PhotoStory http://www.atomiclearning.com/storyboardpro Storyboard Pro http://www.avid.com/freedv/ Avid Free DV http://www.microsoft.com/windowsxp/using/moviemaker/default.mspx Windows Movie Maker http://jumpcut.com/ Jump Cut Online Video Editor http://eyespot.com/ Eye Spot Online Video Mixing

Classroom Resources
NoteStar enhanced research tools http://notestar.4teachers.org/
RubiStar rubric creation tools http://rubistar.4teachers.org/index.php
QuizStar online quiz creation tools http://quizstar.4teachers.org/
TrackStar online hotlist and Internet activity creation tools http://trackstar.4teachers.org/
Web Worksheet Wizard http://wizard.4teachers.org/
Project Poster online project-based activity creation tools http://poster.4teachers.org/
Discovery School Puzzle Maker http:// www.puzzlemaker.com /
National Library of Virtual Manipulatives http:// nlvm.usu.edu/en/nav/vlibrary.html

WebQuests
A WebQuest for K-12 Teachers utilizing the WebGuide Template - Internet4Classrooms version - http://www.internet4classrooms.com/lesson_plan_quest.htm
WebQuest Template - http://www.internet4classrooms.com/lesson-template.htm
San Diego State University Educational Technology Department WebQuests Page - http:// webquest.sdsu.edu /
Best WebQuests - http://bestwebquests.com/
WebQuest Templates SDSU - http://webquest.sdsu.edu/LessonTemplate.html
Teachnology WebQuest Generator - http://teachers.teach-nology.com/web_tools/web_quest /
Differentiated Instruction WebQuests - http:// www.lakelandschools.org/EDTECH/Differentiation/nine.htm
Using the Understanding By Design Model to create WebQuests - http://www.bclacts.org/Using%20Ubd%20to%20design%20a%20webquest.pdf

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Engaging Digital Natives

by Jennifer Dorman on Feb 24, 2007

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Engaging Digital Natives — Presentation Transcript