Chapter 4 science form 1

4.1 Natural Resources on Earth Animals Living things Plants Resources on Earth Air Water Non living Natural things Gas Soil Petroleum Fossil fuels Coal

4.2 Understanding Element, Compound andMixture Matter Element Compound Mixture Metal Nonmetal

Video 1: Elements http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=d0zION8xjbM

Element• Element: a substance that consists one type of atom only.• It is the simplest matter and cannot be separated by any chemical or physical method. Atom Molecule

Classification of Element Element Non metal Metal -Exist in all states (solid, - In solid form except for liquid and gas) at room mercury (liquid) temperature.-Eg: calcium, copper, gold, -Eg: sulphur, carbon, lead bromine, oxygen

Shiny Surface Dull NotMalleable Malleability malleable Ductile Ductility Brittle Heat Good Weak Conductivity Electric Do not conduct, Good except Carbon Conductivity Melting and High Low boiling point High Density Low

Surface• The surface of metals are usually shiny when polished compared to nonmetals.

Malleability• Malleability is the ability of a metal to be hammered, rolled, or pressed into various shapes without rupture or fracture.

Malleability

Ductility• Ductility is the ability of a metal to be bent or stretched permanently without rupture or fracture.• Metals that lack ductility will crack or break before bending.

DuctilityNonmetal- silicon Metal- aluminium

Heat Conductivity• The ability to transfer heat.• Which material is easier to get hot? Metal or nonmetal material?

Electric conductivity• The ability of transferring electricity.

Melting and boiling point Density• Most metals are solid (except for mercury), therefore it requires more heat to melt them.• Since metals are mostly solids, their mass are higher, thus their densities are all high.

Video 2: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=anRdgl4D5KI Properties of metals

Compound• A compound is a substance that contains two or more atoms chemically combined together.• The components in compound can only be separated through chemical reactions such as electrolysis or heating.

Mixture• A mixture is a combination of two or more substances that have been mixed physically; for example by stirring.• A mixture may consists of elements, compounds or both.

Video 3: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cL6I1O1YHH0

Chemically formed Formation Physically mixed New substance is Formation of No new substance is formed new substance formed Properties of Retain its original New properties components properties Heat energy is Conversion of Heat energy is not released energy released Can be separated Can be separated chemically Separation physicallyComponents that make up compound cannot be Identification Components of mixture of components can be identified easily identified

Video 4: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q62UfP-ZADYElectrolysis of Copper (II) Sulphate: Separating a compound

When sugar is heated, it will bebroken into carbon and water

Examples of mixtures

Filtration: to Evaporation: to Distillation: to separate separate separate ainsoluble solids dissolved solid solvent from a particles from its liquid or solid- solvent liquid mixture.

Using magnet: to Sieving: to separate Extraction: to separate mixture of solid separate liquidsubstances which substances with substances that doare attracted to a different sizes. not mix well and magnet from with different nonmagnetic densities substances.

Chromatography: to separate coloured components in a mixture

4.3 Appreciating The Importance Of The Variety OfEarth’s Resources To Man. Oxygen Carbon Soil dioxide Habitat for Breathing, cell To put out many types respiratin, fire, for of living combustion, photosynthe things burning sis

Minerals Fossil fuels WaterSoil contains To provide Regulatesminerals energy for body household temperature,and water use, factorieswhich is controls the and powervital for stations to concentrationgrowing of generate of bloodplants electricity.

Living thingsAs food, medicine, fibre, buildingmaterials, and so on.

• Conservation: involves the intelligent use and care of our resources.• Preservation: the act of keeping the resources in their original state.

Chapter 4 science form 1

by Cik Emy on Feb 07, 2012

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Chapter 4 science form 1 — Presentation Transcript