Sec1 - Deciduous & Coniferous Forest

Temperate Forest pg 111 & 112

Deciduous Forests

Where are they found?
In areas where there are four seasons.
Western Europe
Eastern part of North America

Temperature & Rainfall
Annual temperature
-2 0 C to 18 0 C
Rainfall
750 mm to 1000 mm

Characteristics
Broad and large leaves
To absorb as much sunlight as possible for photosynthesis before the leaves are shed.

Characteristics
Shed leaves in autumn
To prevent unnecessary loss of water during winter
No rainfall during winter

Characteristics
Its has three layers
Top layer or canopy
Thickest during summer when there is more sunshine
Grow up to 20m to 30 m

Characteristics
Second layer
Is made up of shrubs and smaller trees

Characteristics
Third layer or forest floor
Is made up of grasses, mosses and ferns.

Characteristics
Appearance of deciduous forests change with seasons
Production of chlorophyll slow down and stop production as the leaves are shed in late autumn

Characteristics
Less dense than tropical rainforests
Widely spaced (sparse)

Which one is tropical rainforest? Which one is deciduous forests?

Characteristics
Only a few varieties of trees
Wood is strong, durable hardwood
E.g. oak, elm, maple, ash, sycamore etc.

Coniferous Forests

Temperature and rainfall
Annual temperature
-12 0 C to 10 0 C
Rainfall
300 mm to 750 mm

Location of coniferous forests
Northern hemisphere
Extreme coldness areas
E.g northern Europe, Russia, Siberia and northern Canada.

Characteristics
Cone-shape crowns
To allow accumulated snow to slide off.

Characteristics
Small, leathery, needle-like-shaped leaves.
Reduced surface area to minimizes water loss.
Prevent accumulation of snow

Characteristics
Evergreen trees
Allow photosynthesis all year due to short summer.

Characteristics
Only has one variety of tree in any one area
E.g. Pine, fir and spruce

Spruce

Characteristics
Consist of only one layer of natural vegetation
Little undergrowth

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Sec1 - Deciduous & Coniferous Forest

by chua.geog on Sep 14, 2009

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Sec1 - Deciduous & Coniferous Forest Presentation Transcript