Times Cited - 08/22/2010 03:17:40 pm 0800 - iso-8859-1 - OpenWebMail

Last data updates: 12 November 2010 Huang, M.E., Ye, Y.C., Chen, S.R., Chai, J.R., Lu, J.X., Zhoa, L., Gu, L.J. and Wang, Z.Y. (1988), Use of all-trans retinoic acid in the treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia. Blood, 72 (2), 567-572. Document type: ArticleLanguage: EnglishCited references: 25Times cited: 1544Times self cited: 47 Addresses: 1. Shanghai Med Univ 2, Shanghai Inst Hematol, 280 S Chong Qing Rd, Shanghai, Peoples R China 2. Shanghai Zhong Shan Hosp, Shanghai, Peoples R China 3. Shanghai Childrens Hosp, Shanghai, Peoples R China de The, H. and Chen, Z. (2010), Acute promyelocytic leukaemia: novel insights into the mechanisms of cure. Nature Reviews Cancer, 10 (11), 775-783. Jung, E.U., Yoon, J.H., Lee, Y.J., Lee, J.H., Kim, B.H., Yu, S.J., Myung, S.J., Kim, Y.J. and Lee, H.S. (2010), Hypoxia and retinoic acid-inducible NDRG1 expression is responsible for doxorubicin and retinoic acid resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Cancer Letters, 298 (1), 9-15. David, K.A., Mongan, N.P., Smith, C., Gudas, L.J. and Nanus, D.M. (2010), Phase I trial of ATRA-IV and depakote in patients with advanced solid tumor malignancies. Cancer Biology & Therapy, 9 (9), 678-684. Hofmann, A., Gerrits, B., Schmidt, A., Bock, T., Bausch-Fluck, D., Aebersold, R. and Wollscheid, B. (2010), Proteomic cell surface phenotyping of differentiating acute myeloid leukemia cells. Blood, 116 (13), E26-E34. Nayak, S., Shen, M.Q., Bunaciu, R.P., Bloom, S.E., Varner, J.D. and Yen, A. (2010), Arsenic trioxide cooperates with all-trans retinoic acid to enhance mitogen-activated protein kinase activation and differentiation in PML-RAR alpha negative human myeloblastic leukemia cells. Leukemia & Lymphoma, 51 (9), 1734-1747. Li, Y., Lu, H.M., Huang, Y.J., Xiao, R., Cai, X.F., He, S.M. and Yan, G.M. (2010), Glycogen synthase kinases-3 beta controls differentiation of malignant glioma cells. International Journal of Cancer, 127 (6), 1271-1282. Pinkel, D. (2010), Mutation Analysis for Runx1, Mll-Ptd, Flt3-Itd, Npm1 and Nras in 269 Patients with Mds Or Secondary Aml Response. Leukemia, 24 (8), 1532-1533. Thatcher, J.E., Zelter, A. and Isoherranen, N. (2010), The relative importance of CYP26A1 in hepatic clearance of all-trans retinoic acid. Biochemical Pharmacology, 80 (6), 903-912. Lee, J.H., Yoon, J.H., Yu, S.J., Chung, G.E., Jung, E.U., Kim, H.Y., Kim, B.H., Choi, D.H., Myung, S.J., Kim, Y.J., Kim, C.Y. and Lee, H.S. (2010), Retinoic acid and its binding protein modulate apoptotic signals in hypoxic hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Cancer Letters, 295 (2), 229-235. Zhao, J., Jiang, P. and Zhang, W.D. (2010), Molecular networks for the study of TCM Pharmacology. Briefings in Bioinformatics, 11 (4), 417-430. Burda, P., Laslo, P. and Stopka, T. (2010), The role of PU.1 and GATA-1 transcription factors during normal and leukemogenic hematopoiesis. Leukemia, 24 (7), 1249-1257. Nasr, R. and de The, H. (2010), Eradication of acute promyelocytic leukemia-initiating cells by PML/RARA-targeting. International Journal of Hematology, 91 (5), 742-747. Song, X.M., Gong, S.L., Chen, J., Gao, L., Yang, J.M. and Wang, J.M. (2010), ATRA is effective to an acute promyelocytic leukemia patient without RARA gene rearrangement. Leukemia Research, 34 (8), E190-E193. Pedersen, P.J., Adolph, S.K., Subramanian, A.K., Arouri, A., Andresen, T.L., Mouritsen, O.G., Madsen, R., Madsen, M.W., Peters, G.H. and Clausen, M.H. (2010), Liposomal Formulation of Retinoids Designed for Enzyme Triggered Release. Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 53 (9), 3782-3792. Hughes, P.J., Marcinkowska, E., Gocek, E., Studzinski, G.P. and Brown, G. (2010), Vitamin D-3-driven signals for myeloid cell differentiation-Implications for differentiation therapy. Leukemia Research, 34 (5), 553-565. Gocek, E., Kielbinski, M., Baurska, H., Haus, O., Kutner, A. and Marcinkowska, E. (2010), Different susceptibilities to 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D-3-induced differentiation of AML cells carrying various mutations. Leukemia Research, 34 (5), 649-657. Theodosiou, M., Laudet, V. and Schubert, M. (2010), From carrot to clinic: an overview of the retinoic acid signaling pathway. Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences, 67 (9), 1423-1445. Zhang, X.W., Yan, X.J., Zhou, Z.R., Yang, F.F., Wu, Z.Y., Sun, H.B., Liang, W.X., Song, A.X., Lallemand-Breitenbach, V., Jeanne, M., Zhang, Q.Y., Yang, H.Y., Huang, Q.H., Zhou, G.B., Tong, J.H., Zhang, Y., Wu, J.H., Hu, H.Y., de The, H., Chen, S.J. and Chen, Z. (2010), Arsenic Trioxide Controls the Fate of the PML-RAR alpha Oncoprotein by Directly Binding PML. Science, 328 (5975), 240-243. Karnaukhova, E. (2010), Interactions of alpha(1)-proteinase inhibitor with small ligands of therapeutic potential: binding with retinoic acid. Amino Acids, 38 (4), 1011-1020. Takahashi, N. (2010), Vitamin A in Health. Journal of Health Science, 56 (2), 144-153. Puppi, D., Piras, A.M., Detta, N., Dinucci, D. and Chiellini, F. (2010), Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) electrospun fibrous meshes for the controlled release of retinoic acid. Acta Biomaterialia, 6 (4), 1258-1268. Li, Y., Lu, H.M., Li, G. and Yan, G.M. (2010), Glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta regulates astrocytic differentiation of U87-MG human glioblastoma cells. Acta Pharmacologica Sinica, 31 (3), 355-360. Trinks, C., Djerf, E.A., Hallbeck, A.L., Jonsson, J.I. and Walz, T.M. (2010), The pan-ErbB receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor canertinib induces ErbB-independent apoptosis in human leukemia (HL-60 and U-937) cells. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 393 (1), 6-10. Ferrara, F. (2010), Acute promyelocytic leukemia: what are the treatment options? Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy, 11 (4), 587-596. Miyoshi, T., Arai, T., Yamashita, K., Sasada, M. and Uchiyama, T. (2010), NB4 cells treated with all-trans retinoic acid generate toxic reactive oxygen species that cause endothelial hyperpermeability. Leukemia Research, 34 (3), 373-378. Kinoshita, K., Kishimoto, K., Shimazu, H., Nozaki, Y., Sugiyama, M., Ikoma, S. and Funauchi, M. (2010), Successful Treatment With Retinoids in Patients With Lupus Nephritis. American Journal of Kidney Diseases, 55 (2), 344-347. Chen, J.J., Odenike, O. and Rowley, J.D. (2010), Epigenetics and Genetics Leukaemogenesis: More Than Mutant Genes. Nature Reviews Cancer, 10 (1), 23-36. Miyoshi, N., Ishii, H., Nagai, K., Hoshino, H., Mimori, K., Tanaka, F., Nagano, H., Sekimoto, M., Doki, Y. and Mori, M. (2010), Defined factors induce reprogramming of gastrointestinal cancer cells. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 107 (1), 40-45. Chute, J.P., Ross, J.R. and McDonnell, D.P. (2010), Minireview: Nuclear Receptors, Hematopoiesis, and Stem Cells. Molecular Endocrinology, 24 (1), 1-10. Watanabe, M., Chen, I.Y.J., Ishikura, Y., Nakagawa, T., Mochizuki, M., Nishimura, R., Sasaki, N. and Sugano, S. (2009), Tumor Cell Growth Inhibition and Cell Differentiation Analysis in a Canine Mammary Tumor Cell Line (MCM-B2) Treated with Four Chemical Reagents. Journal of Veterinary Medical Science, 71 (11), 1413-1417. Trojanowicz, B., Winkler, A., Hammje, K., Chen, Z.X., Sekulla, C., Glanz, D., Schmutzler, C., Mentrup, B., Hombach-Klonisch, S., Klonisch, T., Finke, R., Kohrle, J., Dralle, H. and Hoang-Vu, C. (2009), Retinoic acid-mediated down-regulation of ENO1/MBP-1 gene products caused decreased invasiveness of the follicular thyroid carcinoma cell lines. Journal of Molecular Endocrinology, 42 (3-4), 249-260. Sugitani, M., Abe, R., Ikarashi, N., Ito, K., Muratake, H., Shudo, K. and Sugiyama, K. (2009), Disposition of a New Tamibarotene Prodrug in Mice. Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin, 32 (12), 1997-2001. Walter, M.J., Graubert, T.A., Dipersio, J.F., Mardis, E.R., Wilson, R.K. and Ley, T.J. (2009), Next-generation sequencing of cancer genomes: back to the future. Personalized Medicine, 6 (6), 653-662. Chen, G.Q., Zhang, J. and Zhao, Q. (2009), Active compounds-based discoveries about the differentiation and apoptosis of leukemic cells. Chinese Science Bulletin, 54 (22), 4094-4101. Xu, D., Huang, Y.J., Li, Y., Yin, W. and Yan, G.M. (2009), Orphan nuclear receptor Nur77 is required for the differentiation of C6 glioma cells induced by cholera toxin. Acta Pharmacologica Sinica, 30 (11), 1543-1549. Takahashi, N. and Ohba, T. (2009), Demonstration of Basic Proteins That Bind Retinoic Acid in the Human Myeloid Leukemia Cell Line HL60. Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin, 32 (11), 1943-1946. Togano, T., Sasaki, M., Watanabe, M., Nakashima, M., Tsuruo, T., Umezawa, K., Higashihara, M., Watanabe, T. and Horie, R. (2009), Induction of oncogene addiction shift to NF-kappa B by camptothecin in solid tumor cells. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 390 (1), 60-64. Cellai, C., Laurenzana, A., Bianchi, E., Sdelci, S., Manfredini, R., Vannucchi, A.M., Caporale, R., Balliu, M., Mannelli, F., Ferrari, S., Bosi, A., Miniati, D., Cocco, P.L., Veronneau, S., Stankova, J. and Paoletti, F. (2009), Mechanistic insight into WEB-2170-induced apoptosis in human acute myelogenous leukemia cells: The crucial role of PTEN. Experimental Hematology, 37 (10), 1176-1185. Krcmova, L., Urbanek, L., Solichova, D., Kasparova, M., Vlckova, H., Melichar, B., Sobotka, L. and Solich, P. (2009), HPLC method for simultaneous determination of retinoids and tocopherols in human serum for monitoring of anticancer therapy. Journal of Separation Science, 32 (15-16), 2804-2811. Wang, W.J., Zhang, X.M., Deng, K.Y., Huang, S.F., Mao, X.Q., Fu, Y.R., Yi, Z.J., Yan, Y.R. and Qiu, Z.Y. (2009), ICAT as a potential enhancer of monocytic differentiation: implications from the comparative proteome analysis of the HL60 cell line stimulated by all-trans retinoic acid and NSC67657. Cell Biochemistry and Function, 27 (6), 329-337. Ballard, J.O. (2009), More Things in Heaven and Earth. Jama-Journal of the American Medical Association, 302 (7), 723-724. Thatcher, J.E. and Isoherranen, N. (2009), The role of CYP26 enzymes in retinoic acid clearance. Expert Opinion on Drug Metabolism & Toxicology, 5 (8), 875-886. Ishiguro, K., Rice, A.M., Rice, K.P. and Sartorelli, A.C. (2009), Inhibition of all-trans retinoic acid-induced granulocytic differentiation of WEHI-3B D+ cells by forced expression of SCL (TAL1) and GATA-1. Leukemia Research, 33 (9), 1249-1254. Burande, C.F., Heuze, M.L., Lamsoul, I., Monsarrat, B., Uttenweiler-Joseph, S. and Lutz, P.G. (2009), A Label-free Quantitative Proteomics Strategy to Identify E3 Ubiquitin Ligase Substrates Targeted to Proteasome Degradation. Molecular & Cellular Proteomics, 8 (7), 1719-1727. Silberberg, Y.R., Yakubov, G.E., Horton, M.A. and Pelling, A.E. (2009), Cell nanomechanics and focal adhesions are regulated by retinol and conjugated linoleic acid in a dose-dependent manner. Nanotechnology, 20 (28. Guo, Y.X., Zheng, G.H., Jin, X.Q., Xu, Y.H., Luo, Q., Liu, X.M., Zhao, Z.Z. and Chen, Y. (2009), HA117 gene increased the multidrug resistance of K562 cells in vitro: an investigation to the function of a novel gene related to drug resistance. Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research, 28. Betancourt-Garcia, R.D., Castro, J., Fernandez, A.C., Lopez-Enriquez, A., Fradera, J. and Pacheco, E. (2009), Acquired Acute Myelogenous Leukemia after Therapy for Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia with t(15;17): a Case Report and Review of the Literature. Puerto Rico Health Sciences Journal, 28 (2), 146-150. Montillo, M., Ricci, F., Tedeschi, A., Cafro, A.M., Nosari, A.M., Nichelatti, M., Marbello, L. and Morra, E. (2009), Twice daily fludarabine/Ara-C associated to idarubicin, G-CSF and ATRA is an effective salvage regimen in non-promyelocytic acute myeloid leukemia. Leukemia Research, 33 (8), 1072-1078. Kelaidi, C., Chevret, S., De Botton, S., Raffoux, E., Guerci, A., Thomas, X., Pigneux, A., Lamy, T., Rigal-Huguet, F., Meyer-Monard, S., Chevallier, P., Maloisel, F., Deconinck, E., Ferrant, A., Fegueux, N., Ifrah, N., Sanz, M., Dombret, H., Fenaux, P. and Ades, L. (2009), Improved Outcome of Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia With High WBC Counts Over the Last 15 Years: The European APL Group Experience. Journal of Clinical Oncology, 27 (16), 2668-2676. Barber, N., Gez, S., Belov, L., Mulligan, S.P., Woolfson, A. and Christopherson, R.I. (2009), Profiling CD antigens on leukaemias with an antibody microarray. Febs Letters, 583 (11), 1785-1791. Baxter, S.S., Carlson, L.A., Mayer, A.M.S., Hall, M.L. and Fay, M.J. (2009), Granulocytic differentiation of HL-60 promyelocytic leukemia cells is associated with increased expression of Cul5. In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology-Animal, 45 (5-6), 264-274. Zhang, X.Z., Li, X.J., Ji, H.F. and Zhang, H.Y. (2009), Impact of drug discovery on stem cell biology. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 383 (3), 275-279. Stuart, D. and Sellers, W. (2009), Linking somatic genetic alterations in cancer to therapeutics. Current Opinion in Cell Biology, 21 (2), 304-310. Wang, Y.L., Song, D.D., Li, Z.L., Yuan, T., Zhang, H.L., Pei, Y.H., Jing, Y.K. and Hua, H.M. (2009), Triterpenoids isolated from the aerial parts of Salvia chinensis. Phytochemistry Letters, 2 (2), 81-84. Deville, L., Hillion, J. and Segal-Bendirdjian, E. (2009), Telomerase regulation in hematological cancers: A matter of stemness? Biochimica et Biophysica Acta-Molecular Basis of Disease, 1792 (4), 229-239. Nowak, D., Stewart, D. and Koeffler, H.P. (2009), Differentiation therapy of leukemia: 3 decades of development. Blood, 113 (16), 3655-3665. Tsumura, H., Akimoto, M., Kiyota, H., Ishii, Y., Ishikura, H. and Honma, Y. (2009), Gene expression profiles in differentiating leukemia cells induced by methyl jasmonate are similar to those of cytokinins and methyl jasmonate analogs induce the differentiation of human leukemia cells in primary culture. Leukemia, 23 (4), 753-760. Raif, A., Marshall, G.M., Bell, J.L., Koach, J., Tan, O., D'andreti, C., Thomas, W., Sekyere, E., Norris, M., Haber, M., Kavallaris, M. and Cheung, B.B. (2009), The estrogen-responsive B box protein (EBBP) restores retinoid sensitivity in retinoid-resistant cancer cells via effects on histone acetylation. Cancer Letters, 277 (1), 82-90. Dai, C.W., Zhang, G.S., Shen, J.K., Zheng, W.L., Pei, M.F., Xu, Y.X., Cao, Y.X., Yi, Y., Yang, J.J., Peng, H.L., Zhong, H.Y. and Li, R.J. (2009), Use of All-trans Retinoic Acid in Combination with Arsenic Trioxide for Remission Induction in Patients with Newly Diagnosed Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia and for Consolidation/Maintenance in CR Patients. Acta Haematologica, 121 (1), 1-8. Petrie, K., Zelent, A. and Waxman, S. (2009), Differentiation therapy of acute myeloid leukemia: past, present and future. Current Opinion in Hematology, 16 (2), 84-91. Hu, J., Liu, Y.F., Wu, C.F., Xu, F., Shen, Z.X., Zhu, Y.M., Li, J.M., Tang, W., Zhao, W.L., Wu, W., Sun, H.P., Chen, Q.S., Chen, B., Zhou, G.B., Zelent, A., Waxman, S., Wang, Z.Y., Chen, S.J. and Chen, Z. (2009), Long-term efficacy and safety of all-trans retinoic acid/arsenic trioxide-based therapy in newly diagnosed acute promyelocytic leukemia. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 106 (9), 3342-3347. Telerman, A. and Amson, R. (2009), The molecular programme of tumour reversion: the steps beyond malignant transformation. Nature Reviews Cancer, 9 (3), 206-215. Fang, H., Wang, K. and Zhang, J. (2008), Transcriptome and Proteome Analyses of Drug Interactions with Natural Products. Current Drug Metabolism, 9 (10), 1038-1048. Ravandi, F., Estey, E., Jones, D., Faderl, S., O'Brien, S., Fiorentino, J., Pierce, S., Blamble, D., Estrov, Z., Wierda, W., Ferrajoli, A., Verstovsek, S., Garcia-Manero, G., Cortes, J. and Kantarjian, H. (2009), Effective Treatment of Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia With All-Trans-Retinoic Acid, Arsenic Trioxide, and Gemtuzumab Ozogamicin. Journal of Clinical Oncology, 27 (4), 504-510. Kumagai, T., Akagi, T., Desmond, J.C., Kawamata, N., Gery, S., Imai, Y., Song, J.H., Gui, D., Said, J. and Koeffler, H.P. (2009), Epigenetic regulation and molecular characterization of C/EBP alpha in pancreatic cancer cells. International Journal of Cancer, 124 (4), 827-833. Jeong, Y.I., Kim, D.G., Jang, M.K., Nah, J.W. and Kim, Y.B. (2008), All-trans Retinoic Acid Release from Surfactant-free Nanoparticles of Poly(DL-lactide-co-glycolide). Macromolecular Research, 16 (8), 717-724. Batty, E., Jensen, K. and Freemont, P. (2009), PML nuclear bodies and their spatial relationships in the mammalian cell nucleus. Frontiers in Bioscience, 14), 1182-11U7. Brown, N.J.M., Ramalho, M., Pedersen, E.W., Moravcsik, E., Solomon, E. and Grimwade, D. (2009), PML nuclear bodies in the pathogenesis of acute promyelocytic leukemia: active players or innocent bystanders? Frontiers in Bioscience, 14), 1684-1707. Tefferi, A. (2008), The history of myeloproliferative disorders: before and after Dameshek. Leukemia, 22), 3-13. Iiizumi, M., Liu, W., Pai, S.K., Furuta, E. and Watabe, K. (2008), Drug development against metastasis-related genes and their pathways: A rationale for cancer therapy. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta-Reviews on Cancer, 1786 (2), 87-104. Chow, J. and Feusner, J. (2009), Isolated Central Nervous System Recurrence of Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia in Children. Pediatric Blood & Cancer, 52 (1), 11-13. Bobe, P. and Chelbi-Alix, M.K. (2008), New therapeutic perspectives for Arsenic: from acute promyelocytic leukemia to autoimmune diseases. M S-Medecine Sciences, 24 (11), 967-971. Lien, J.C., Jiang, Y.D., Chen, C.J., Kuo, S.C. and Huang, L.J. (2008), Effect of Indole-3-acetic Acid Analogs on the Differentiation of HL-60 Cells. Journal of the Chinese Chemical Society, 55 (5), 1160-1165. Asou, N. (2007), All-trans Retinoic Acid in the Treatment of Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia. Internal Medicine, 46 (2), 91-93. Guan, L.Y., Huang, F., Li, Z.S., Han, B.S., Fiang, Q., Ren, Y., Yang, Y. and Xu, C.M. (2008), P53 transcription-independent activity mediates selenite-induced acute promyelocytic leukemia NB4 cell apoptosis. Bmb Reports, 41 (10), 745-750. Yin, C., Lin, Y., Zhang, X., Chen, Y.X., Zeng, X., Yue, H.Y., Hou, J.L., Deng, X., Zhang, J.P., Han, Z.G. and Xie, W.F. (2008), Differentiation Therapy of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Mice with Recombinant Adenovirus Carrying Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor-4 alpha Gene. Hepatology, 48 (5), 1528-1539. Kim, S.H., Danilenko, M. and Kim, T.S. (2008), Differential enhancement of leukaemia cell differentiation without elevation of intracellular calcium by plant-derived sesquiterpene lactone compounds. British Journal of Pharmacology, 155 (6), 814-825. Uchida, H., Inokuchi, K., Watanabe, R., Tokuhira, M. and Kizaki, M. (2008), New therapeutic approaches to acute myeloid leukemia. Expert Opinion on Drug Discovery, 3 (6), 689-706. Kubo, Y., Ohba, T. and Takahashi, N. (2008), Proteins in human myeloid leukemia cell line HL60 reacting with retinoic acid monoclonal antibodies. Journal of Biochemistry, 144 (3), 349-355. Zhang, H.W., Yang, Y., Zhang, K., Qiang, L., Yang, L., Yang, L., Hu, Y., Wang, X.T., You, Q.D. and Guo, Q.L. (2008), Wogonin induced differentiation and G1 phase arrest of human U-937 leukemia cells via PKC delta phosphorylation. European Journal of Pharmacology, 591 (1-3), 7-12. Wall, M., Poortinga, G., Hannan, K.M., Pearson, R.B., Hannan, R.D. and McArthur, G.A. (2008), Translational control of c-MYC by rapamycin promotes terminal myeloid differentiation. Blood, 112 (6), 2305-2317. Park, J.S., Koh, Y.S., Bang, J.Y., Jeong, Y.I. and Lee, J.J. (2008), Antitumor effect of all-trans retinoic acid-encapsulated nanoparticles of methoxy poly(ethylene glycol)-conjugated chitosan against CT-26 colon carcinoma in vitro. Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 97 (9), 4011-4019. Bench, B.J., Tichy, S.E., Perez, L.M., Benson, J. and Watanabe, C.M.H. (2008), Synthesis and cellular effects of cycloterpenals: Cyclohexadienal-based activators of neurite outgrowth. Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry, 16 (16), 7573-7581. Pezo, R.C. and Singer, R.H. (2008), Nuclear microenvironments in cancer diagnosis and treatment. Journal of Cellular Biochemistry, 104 (6), 1953-1963. Lubbert, M., Muller-Tidow, C., Hofmann, W.K. and Koeffler, H.P. (2008), Advances in the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia: From chromosomal aberrations to biologically targeted therapy. Journal of Cellular Biochemistry, 104 (6), 2059-2070. Kafka, E.L., Braden, A. and Vishwanatha, J.K. (2008), Characterization of nanoparticle-mediated drug delivery to NB4: Feasibility of nanoparticle use for cells in suspension and blood diseases. Journal of Biomedical Nanotechnology, 4 (2), 196-202. Mollinedo, F., Lopez-Perez, R. and Gajate, C. (2008), Differential gene expression patterns coupled to commitment and acquisition of phenotypic hallmarks during neutrophil differentiation of human leukaemia HL-60 cells. Gene, 419 (1-2), 16-26. Litzow, M.R. (2008), Arsenic trioxide. Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy, 9 (10), 1773-1785. Park, S.J., Kim, M., Kim, N.H., Oh, M.K., Cho, J.K., Jin, J.Y. and Kim, I.S. (2008), Auranofin promotes retinoic acid- or dihydroxyvitamin D-3-mediated cell differentiation of promyelocytic leukaemia cells by increasing histone acetylation. British Journal of Pharmacology, 154 (6), 1196-1205. Ozpolat, B., Akar, U., Zorrilla-Calancha, I., Vivas-Mejia, P., cevedo-Alvarez, M. and Lopez-Berestein, G. (2008), Death-associated protein 5 (DAP5/p97/NAT1) contributes to retinoic acid-induced granulocytic differentiation and arsenic trioxide-induced apoptosis in acute promyelocytic leukemia. Apoptosis, 13 (7), 915-928. Scholl, S., Bondeva, T., Liu, Y., Clement, J.H., Hoffken, K. and Wetzker, R. (2008), Additive effects of PI3-kinase and MAPK activities on NB4 cell granulocyte differentiation: potential role of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase gamma. Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology, 134 (8), 861-872. Zimber, A. and Gespach, C. (2008), Bile acids and derivatives, their nuclear receptors FXR, PXR and ligands: Role in health and disease and their therapeutic potential. Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry, 8 (5), 540-563. Horie, A., Akimoto, M., Tsumura, H., Makishima, M., Taketani, T., Yamaguchi, S. and Honma, Y. (2008), Induction of differentiation of myeloid leukemia cells in primary culture in response to lithocholic acid acetate, a bile acid derivative, and cooperative effects with another differentiation inducer, cotylenin A. Leukemia Research, 32 (7), 1112-1123. Tsai, W.H., Shih, C.H., Lin, C.C., Ho, C.K., Hsu, F.C. and Hsu, H.C. (2008), Monocyte chemotactic protein-1 in the migration of differentiated leukaemic cells toward alveolar epithelial cells. European Respiratory Journal, 31 (5), 957-962. Moraes, C.A.D., Trompieri, N.M. and Cavalcante, F.H. (2008), Pediatric acute promyelocytic leukemia: All-transretinoic acid therapy in a Brazilian pediatric hospital. Journal of Pediatric Hematology Oncology, 30 (5), 387-390. Hung, C.Y., Hsu, M.H., Huang, L.J., Hwang, C.S., Lee, O., Wu, C.Y., Chen, C.H. and Kuo, S.C. (2008), Synthesis of 1-substituted 3-pyridinylmethylidenylindolin-2-ones and 1-substituted 3-quinolinylmethylidenylindolin-2-ones as the enhancers of ATRA-induced differentiation in HL-60 cells. Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry, 16 (8), 4222-4232. Wang, L., Zhou, G.B., Liu, P., Song, J.H., Liang, Y., Yan, X.J., Xu, F., Wang, B.S., Mao, J.H., Shen, Z.X., Chen, S.J. and Chen, Z. (2008), Dissection of mechanisms of Chinese medicinal formula Realgar-Indigo naturalis as an effective treatment for promyelocytic leukemia. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 105 (12), 4826-4831. Mantadakis, E., Samonis, G. and Kalmanti, M. (2008), A comprehensive review of acute promyelocytic leukemia in children. Acta Haematologica, 119 (2), 73-82. Ohnishi, K. (2007), PML-RAR alpha inhibitors (ATRA, tamibaroten, arsenic troxide) for acute promyelocytic leukemia. International Journal of Clinical Oncology, 12 (5), 313-317. Zhang, K., Guo, Q.L., You, Q.D., Yang, Y., Zhang, H.W., Yang, L., Gu, H.Y., Qi, Q., Tan, Z. and Wang, X.T. (2008), Wogonin induces the granulocytic differentiation of human NB4 promyelocytic leukemia cells and up-regulates phospholipid scramblase 1 gene expression. Cancer Science, 99 (4), 689-695. Kannan-Thulasiraman, P., Dolniak, B., Kaur, S., Sassano, A., Kalvakolanu, D.V., Hay, N. and Platanias, L.C. (2008), Role of the translational repressor 4E-BP1 in the regulation of p21(Waf1/Cip1) expression by retinoids. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 368 (4), 983-989. Wang, Z.Y. and Chen, Z. (2008), Acute promyelocytic leukemia: from highly fatal to highly curable. Blood, 111 (5), 2505-2515. Jiang, G.S., Albihn, A., Tang, T.H., Tian, Z.G. and Henriksson, M. (2008), Role of Myc in differentiation and apoptosis in HL60 cells after exposure to arsenic trioxide or all-trans retinoic acid. Leukemia Research, 32 (2), 297-307. Tefferi, A. (2008), The history of myeloproliferative disorders: before and after Dameshek. Leukemia, 22 (1), 3-13. Tsiftsoglou, A.S. (2008), Multiple exploitable molecular targets for differentiation therapy of leukemias. Leukemia Research , 32 (1), 1-2. Ishiguro, K. and Sartorelli, A.C. (2008), Relationship between the induction of leukemia cell differentiation and the enhancement of reporter gene expression in 3T3 Swiss cells. Leukemia Research, 32 (1), 89-96. Delaune, A., Corbiere, C., Benjelloun, F.D., Legrand, E., Vannier, J.P., Ripoll, C. and Vasse, M. (2008), Promyelocytic leukemia-nuclear body formation is an early event leading to retinoic acid-induced differentiation of neuroblastoma cells. Journal of Neurochemistry, 104 (1), 89-99. Horie, R. (2007), NF-kappa B in pathogenesis and treatment of adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma. International Reviews of Immunology, 26 (5-6), 269-281. Samochatova, E.V., Moschan, A.A., Aleinikova, O.V., Bespalova, A.V., Baidildina, D.D., Dubrovina, M.E., Fleishman, E.V., Nasedkina, T.V., Rumyantsev, S.A. and Rumyantsev, A.G. (2007), Long-term results of combined treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia in children and adolescents with gene therapy. Terapevticheskii Arkhiv, 79 (7), 26-30. Plevova, P., Bouchal, J., Fiuraskova, M., Papezova, M., Krepelova, A., Curik, R., Foretova, L., Navratilova, M., Zapletalova, J., Posolda, T. and Kolar, Z. (2007), PML and TRF2 protein expression in hereditary and sporadic colon cancer. Neoplasma, 54 (4), 269-277. Huston, A. and Lyman, G.H. (2007), Agents under investigation for the treatment and prevention of neutropenia. Expert Opinion on Investigational Drugs, 16 (11), 1831-1840. Mongan, N.P. and Gudas, L.J. (2007), Diverse actions of retinoid receptors in cancer prevention and treatment. Differentiation, 75 (9), 853-870. King, M.E. and Rowe, J.M. (2007), Recent developments in acute myelogenous leukemia therapy. Oncologist, 12), 14-21. Fields, A.L., Soprano, D.R. and Soprano, K.J. (2007), Retinoids in biological control and cancer. Journal of Cellular Biochemistry, 102 (4), 886-898. Miwako, I. and Kagechika, H. (2007), Tamibarotene. Drugs of Today, 43 (8), 563-568. Dilda, P.J. and Hogg, P.J. (2007), Arsenical-based cancer drugs. Cancer Treatment Reviews, 33 (6), 542-564. Honma, Y. and Akimoto, M. (2007), Therapeutic strategy using phenotypic modulation of cancer cells by differentiation-inducing agents. Cancer Science, 98 (11), 1643-1651. Yu, Y., Wang, L.S., Shen, S.M., Xia, L., Zhang, L., Zhu, Y.S. and Chen, G.Q. (2007), Subcellular proteome analysis of camptothecin analogue NSC606985-treated acute myeloid leukemic cells. Journal of Proteome Research, 6 (9), 3808-3818. Kharfan-Dabaja, M.A., bou Mourad, Y.R., Fernandez, H.F., Pasquini, M.C. and Santos, E.S. (2007), Hematopoietic cell transplantation in acute promyelocytic leukemia: A comprehensive review. Biology of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, 13 (9), 997-1004. Panda, N., Banerjee, S., Mandal, N.B. and Sahu, N.P. (2006), Pregnane glycosides. Natural Product Communications, 1 (8), 665-695. Chen, G.Q., Wang, L.S., Wu, Y.L. and Yu, Y. (2007), Leukemia, an effective model for chemical biology and target therapy. Acta Pharmacologica Sinica, 28 (9), 1316-1324. Zhou, G.B., Li, G., Chen, J. and Chen, Z. (2007), From dissection of disease pathogenesis to elucidation of mechanisms of targeted therapies: leukemia research in the genomic era. Acta Pharmacologica Sinica, 28 (9), 1434-1449. Li, Y., Yin, W., Wang, X., Zhu, W.B., Huang, Y.J. and Yan, G.M. (2007), Cholera toxin induces malignant glioma cell differentiation via the PKA/CREB pathway. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 104 (33), 13438-13443. Karagianni, P. and Wong, J. (2007), HDAC3: taking the SMRT-N-CoRrect road to repression. Oncogene, 26 (37), 5439-5449. Kim, D.G., Jeong, Y.I. and Nah, J.W. (2007), All-trans retinoic acid release from polyion-complex micelles of methoxy poly(ethylene glycol) grafted chitosan. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 105 (6), 3246-3254. Jimi, S., Mashima, K., Matsumoto, T., Hara, S., Suzumiya, J. and Tamura, K. (2007), RAR alpha is a regulatory factor for Am-80-induced cell growth inhibition of hematologic malignant cells. International Journal of Oncology, 31 (2), 397-404. Asou, N., Kishimoto, Y., Kiyoi, H., Okada, M., Kawai, Y., Tsuzuki, M., Horikawa, K., Matsuda, M., Shinagawa, K., Kobayashi, T., Ohtake, S., Nishimura, M., Takahashi, M., Yagasaki, F., Takeshita, A., Kimura, Y., Lwanaga, M., Naoe, T. and Ohno, R. (2007), A randomized study with or without intensified maintenance chemotherapy in patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia who have become negative for PML-RAR alpha transcript after consolidation therapy: The Japan Adult Leukemia Study Group (JALSG) APL97 study. Blood, 110 (1), 59-66. Zhou, G.B., Zhang, J., Wang, Z.Y., Chen, S.J. and Chen, Z. (2007), Treatment of acute promyelocytic leukaemia with all-trans retinoic acid and arsenic trioxide: a paradigm of synergistic molecular targeting therapy. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B-Biological Sciences, 362 (1482), 959-971. Garattini, E., Gianni, M. and Terao, M. (2007), Retinoids as differentiating agents in oncology: A network of interactions with intracellular pathways as the basis for rational therapeutic combinations. Current Pharmaceutical Design, 13 (13), 1375-1400. Edsjo, A., Holmquist, L. and Pahlman, S. (2007), Neuroblastoma as an experimental model for neuronal differentiation and hypoxia-induced tumor cell dedifferentiation. Seminars in Cancer Biology, 17 (3), 248-256. Sastre, A., Gago, E., Banos, M. and Gomez, E. (2007), Acute renal failure in the transretinoic syndrome. Nefrologia, 27 (2), 184-190. Schuler, A.D., Si, J.T., Mueller, L., Simon, J.A. and Collins, S.J. (2007), KN-62 analogues as potent differentiating agents of HL-60 cells. Leukemia Research, 31 (5), 683-689. Zhou, G.B., Chen, S.J., Wang, Z.Y. and Chen, Z. (2007), Back to the future of oridonin: again, compound from medicinal herb shows potent antileukernia efficacies in vitro and in vivo. Cell Research, 17 (4), 274-276. Si, J.T., Mueller, L. and Collins, S.J. (2007), CaMKII regulates retinoic acid receptor transcriptional activity and the differentiation of myeloid leukemia cells. Journal of Clinical Investigation, 117 (5), 1412-1421. Suzuki, R., Rao, P. and Sasaguri, S. (2007), Current status and future of target-based therapeutics. Current Cancer Drug Targets, 7 (3), 273-284. Hu, J., Zhou, G.B., Wang, Z.Y., Chen, S.J. and Chen, Z. (2007), Mutant transcription factors and tyrosine kinases as therapeutic targets for leukemias: From acute promyelocytic leukemia to chronic myeloid leukemia and beyond. Advances in Cancer Research, Vol 98, 98), 191-220. Nishikiori, N., Osanai, M., Chiba, H., Kojima, T., Ohguro, H. and Sawada, N. (2007), Inhibitory effects of retinoic acid receptor alpha stimulants on murine cataractogenesis through suppression of deregulated calpains. Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science, 48 (5), 2224-2229. Garattini, E., Gianni, M. and Terao, M. (2007), Cytodifferentiation by retinoids, a novel therapeutic option in oncology: Rational combinations with other therapeutic agents. Vitamin A, 75), 301-354. Zhou, G.B., Kang, H., Wang, L., Gao, L., Liu, P., Xie, J., Zhang, F.X., Weng, X.Q., Shen, Z.X., Chen, J., Gu, L.J., Yan, M., Zhang, D.E., Chen, S.J., Wang, Z.Y. and Chen, Z. (2007), Oridonin, a diterpenoid extracted from medicinal herbs, targets AML1-ETO fusion protein and shows potent antitumor activity with low adverse effects on t(8;21) leukemia in vitro and in vivo. Blood, 109 (8), 3441-3450. Rossi, E., Picozzi, P., Bodega, B., Lavazza, C., Carlo-Stella, C., Marozzi, A. and Ginelli, E. (2007), Forced expression of RDH10 gene retards growth of HepG2 cells. Cancer Biology & Therapy, 6 (2), 238-245. Aribi, A., Kantarjian, H.M., Estey, E.H., Koller, C.A., Thomas, D.A., Kornblau, S.M., Faderl, S.H., Laddie, N.M., Garcia-Manero, G. and Cortes, J.E. (2007), Combination therapy with arsenic trioxide, all-trans retinoic acid, and gemtuzumab ozogamicin in recurrent acute promyelocytic leukemia. Cancer, 109 (7), 1355-1359. Zhang, Y.F., Jia, S.Q., Liu, Y., Li, B., Wang, Z.H., Lu, H. and Zhu, C.M. (2007), A clinical study of all-trans-retinoid-induced differentiation therapy of advanced thyroid cancer. Nuclear Medicine Communications, 28 (4), 251-255. Gao, Y., Camacho, L.H. and Mehta, K. (2007), Retinoic acid-induced CD38 antigen promotes leukemia cells attachment and interferon-gamma/interleukin-1 beta-dependent apoptosis of endothelial cells: Implications in the etiology of retinoic acid syndrome. Leukemia Research, 31 (4), 455-463. Rowe, J.M. (2007), The true impact of new targeted therapies for AML. Best Practice & Research Clinical Haematology, 20 (1), 1-4. Herbert, K.E., Walkley, C.R., Winkler, I.G., Hendy, J., Olsen, G.H., Yuan, Y.D., Chandraratna, R.A.S., Prince, H.M., Levesque, J.P. and Purton, L.E. (2007), Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor and an RARa specific agonist, VTP195183, synergize to enhance the mobilization of hematopoietic progenitor cells. Transplantation, 83 (4), 375-384. Fenaux, P., Wang, Z.Z. and Degos, L. (2007), Treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia by retinoids. ), 101-128. Maslak, P.G., Jurcic, J.G. and Scheinberg, D.A. (2007), Monoclonal antibody therapy of APL. ), 205-219. Jing, Y. and Waxman, S. (2007), The design of selective and non-selective combination therapy for acute promyelocytic leukemia. Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia: Molecular Genetics, Mouse Models and Targeted Therapy, 313), 245-269. Tsai, W.H., Hsu, H.C., Lin, C.C., Ho, C.K. and Kou, Y.R. (2007), Role of inteyleukin-8 and growth-regulated oncogene-alpha in the chemotactic migration of all-trans retinoic acid-treated promyelocytic leukemic cells toward alveolar epithelial cells. Critical Care Medicine, 35 (3), 879-885. Ohnuma-Ishikawa, K., Morio, T., Yamada, T., Sugawara, Y., Ono, M., Nagasawa, M., Yasuda, A., Morimoto, C., Ohnuma, K., Dang, N.H., Hosoi, H., Verdin, E. and Mizutani, S. (2007), Knockdown of XAB2 enhances all-trans retinoic acid-induced cellular differentiation in all-trans retinoic acid-sensitive and -resistant cancer cells. Cancer Research, 67 (3), 1019-1029. Taschner, S., Koesters, C., Platzer, B., Jorgl, A., Ellmeier, W., Benesch, T. and Strobl, H. (2007), Down-regulation of RXR alpha expression is essential for neutrophil development from granulocyte/monocyte progenitors. Blood, 109 (3), 971-979. Brandts, C.H., Berdel, W.E. and Serve, H. (2007), Oncogenic signaling in acute myeloid leukemia. Current Drug Targets, 8 (2), 237-246. Kleger, A., Busch, T., Liebau, S., Prelle, K., Paschke, S., Beil, M., Rolletschek, A., Wobus, A., Wolf, E., Adler, G. and Seufferlein, T. (2007), The bioactive lipid sphingosylphosphorylcholine induces differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells and human promyelocytic leukaemia cells. Cellular Signalling, 19 (2), 367-377. Yang, G., Thompson, M.A., Brandt, S.J. and Hiebert, S.W. (2007), Histone deacetylase inhibitors induce the degradation of the t(8;21) fusion oncoprotein. Oncogene, 26 (1), 91-101. Shimizu, T., Esaki, L., Mizuno, H. and Takeda, K. (2006), Granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor enhances retinoic acid-induced gene expression. Journal of Leukocyte Biology, 80 (4), 889-896. Ades, L., Chevret, S., Raffoux, E., de Botton, S., Guerci, A., Pigneux, A., Stoppa, A.M., Lamy, T., Rigal-Huguet, F., Vekhoff, A., Meyer-Monard, S., Maloisel, F., Deconinck, E., Ferrant, A., Thomas, X., Fegueux, N., Chomienne, C., Dombret, H., Degos, L. and Fenaux, P. (2006), Is cytarabine useful in the treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia? Results of a randomized trial from the European Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia Group. Journal of Clinical Oncology, 24 (36), 5703-5710. Tabata, C., Kadokawa, Y., Tabata, R., Takahashi, M., Okoshi, K., Sakai, Y., Mishima, M. and Kubo, H. (2006), All-trans-retinoic acid prevents radiation- or bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis. American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 174 (12), 1352-1360. Wu, N., Zhang, W., Yang, Y., Liang, Y.L., Wang, L.Y., Jin, J.W., Cai, X.M. and Zha, X.L. (2006), Profilin 1 obtained by proteomic analysis in all-trans retinoic acid-treated hepatocarcinorna cell lines is involved in inhibition of cell proliferation and migration. Proteomics, 6 (22), 6095-6106. Tsimberidou, A.M., Kantarjian, H., Keating, M.J. and Estey, E. (2006), Optimizing treatment for elderly patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia: is it time to replace chemotherapy with all-trans retinoic acid and arsenic trioxide? Leukemia & Lymphoma, 47 (11), 2282-2288. Schulenburg, A., Ulrich-Pur, H., Thurnher, D., Erovic, B., Florian, S., Sperr, W.R., Kalhs, P., Marian, B., Wrba, F., Zielinski, C.C. and Valent, P. (2006), Neoplastic stem cells: A novel therapeutic target in clinical oncology. Cancer, 107 (10), 2512-2520. Jeong, Y.I., Kim, S.H., Jung, T.Y., Kim, I.Y., Kang, S.S., Jin, Y.H., Ryu, H.H., Sun, H.S., Jin, S.G., Kim, K.K., Ahn, K.Y. and Jung, S. (2006), Polyion complex micelles composed of all-trans retinoic acid and poly (ethylene glycol)-grafted-citosan. Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences , 95 (11), 2348-2360. Milligan, D.W., Grimwade, D., Cullis, J.O., Bond, L., Swirsky, D., Craddock, C., Kell, J., Homewood, J., Campbell, K., McGinley, S., Wheatley, K. and Jackson, G. (2006), Guidelines on the management of acute myeloid leukaemia in adults. British Journal of Haematology, 135 (4), 450-474. Lee, Y.J., Jones, L.C., Timchenko, N.A., Perrotti, D., Tenen, D.G. and Kogan, S.C. (2006), CCAAT/enhancer binding proteins alpha and epsilon cooperate with all-trans retinoic acid in therapy but differ in their antileukernic activities. Blood, 108 (7), 2416-2419. Zhang, Y.M. and Rowley, J.D. (2006), Chromatin structural elements and chromosomal translocations in leukemia. Dna Repair, 5 (9-10), 1282-1297. Kizaki, M., Xian, M.J., Sagawa, M. and Ikeda, Y. (2006), Induction of apoptosis via the modulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in the treatment of myeloid leukemia. Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, 7 (5), 323-329. Glienke, W., Chow, K.U., Bauer, N. and Bergmann, L. (2006), Down-regulation of wt1 expression in leukemia cell lines as part of apoptotic effect in arsenic treatment using two compounds. Leukemia & Lymphoma, 47 (8), 1629-1638. Balajthy, Z., Csomos, K., Vamosi, G., Szanto, A., Lanotte, M. and Fesus, L. (2006), Tissue-transglutaminase contributes to neutrophil granulocyte differentiation and functions. Blood, 108 (6), 2045-2054. Ko, J., Yun, C.Y., Lee, J.S., Kim, D.H., Yuk, J.E. and Kim, I.S. (2006), Differential regulation of CC chemokine receptors by 9-cis retinoic acid in the human mast cell line, HMC-1. Life Sciences, 79 (13), 1293-1300. Horie, R., Watanabe, T. and Umezawa, K. (2006), Blocking NF-kappa B as a potential strategy to treat adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma. Drug News & Perspectives, 19 (4), 201-209. Gu, M.Y., Wang, Z.W., Yu, H.X. and Li, G.Z. (2006), Microemulsion of Tween-80/n-butylalcohol/H2O system and its entrapment efficiency of ATRA. Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology, 27 (7), 949-954. Sjoholt, G., Bedringaas, S.L., Doskeland, A.P. and Gjertsen, B.T. (2006), Proteomic strategies for individualizing therapy of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, 7 (3), 159-170. Liu, Y.F., Zhu, Y.M., Shen, S.H., Shen, Z.X., Li, J.M., Chen, S.J., Chen, Z. and Jiong, H.U. (2006), Molecular response in acute promyelocytic leukemia: a direct comparison of regular and real-time RT-PCR. Leukemia, 20 (8), 1393-1399. Rush, E.A., Schlesinger, K.W., Watkins, S.C. and Redner, R.L. (2006), The NPM-RAR fusion protein associated with the t(5;17) variant of APL does not interact with PML. Leukemia Research, 30 (8), 979-986. Tsimberidou, A.M., Tirado-Gomez, M., Andreeff, M., O'Brien, S., Kantarjian, H., Keating, M., Lopez-Berestein, G. and Estey, E. (2006), Single-agent liposomal all-trans retinoic acid can cure some patients with untreated acute promyelocytic leukemia: an update of The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center Series. Leukemia & Lymphoma, 47 (6), 1062-1068. Chim, C.S. and Kwong, Y.L. (2006), Adverse prognostic impact of CDKN2B hyper-methylation in acute promyelocytic leukemia. Leukemia & Lymphoma, 47 (5), 815-825. Jiang, G.S., Bi, K.H., Tang, T.H., Wang, J.W., Zhang, Y.K., Zhang, W., Ren, H.Q., Bai, H.Q. and Wang, Y.S. (2006), Down-regulation of TRRAP-dependent hTERT and TRRAP-independent CAD activation by Myc/Max contributes to the differentiation of HL60 cells after exposure to DMSO. International Immunopharmacology, 6 (7), 1204-1213. Eifert, C., Sangster-Guity, N., Yu, L.M., Chittur, S.V., Perez, A.V., Tine, J.A. and McCormick, P.J. (2006), Global gene expression profiles associated with retinoic acid-induced differentiation of embryonal carcinoma cells. Molecular Reproduction and Development, 73 (7), 796-824. Qi, H.L. and Ratnam, M. (2006), Synergistic induction of folate receptor beta by all-trans retinoic acid and histone deacetylase inhibitors in acute myelogenous leukemia cells: Mechanism and utility in enhancing selective growth inhibition by antifolates. Cancer Research, 66 (11), 5875-5882. Xia, L., Wurmbach, E., Waxman, S. and Jing, Y. (2006), Upregulation of Bfl-1/A1 in leukemia cells undergoing differentiation by all-trans retinoic acid treatment attenuates chemotherapeutic agent-induced apoptosis. Leukemia, 20 (6), 1009-1016. Purton, L.E., Dworkin, S., Olsen, G.H., Walkley, C.R., Fabb, S.A., Collins, S.J. and Chambon, P. (2006), RAR gamma is critical for maintaining a balance between hematopoietic stem cell self-renewal and differentiation. Journal of Experimental Medicine, 203 (5), 1283-1293. Kizaki, M. (2006), New therapeutic approach for myeloid leukemia: Induction of apoptosis via modulation of reactive oxygen species production by natural compounds. International Journal of Hematology, 83 (4), 283-288. Nozaki, Y., Yamagata, T., Sugiyam, M., Ikoma, S., Kinoshita, K. and Funauchi, M. (2006), Anti-inflammatory effect of all-trans-retinoic acid in inflammatory arthritis. Clinical Immunology, 119 (3), 272-279. Pendino, F., Hillion, J., Dudognon, C., Delaunay, J., Mourah, S., Podgorniak, M.P., Lafon, I., Chomienne, C., Lanotte, M., Dombret, H., Rousselot, P. and Segal-Bendirdjian, E. (2006), Telomerase targeting by retinoids in cells from patients with myeloid leukemias of various subtypes, not only APL. Leukemia, 20 (4), 599-603. Horie, R., Watanabe, M., Okamura, T., Taira, M., Shoda, M., Motoji, T., Utsunomiya, A., Watanabe, T., Higashihara, M. and Umezawa, K. (2006), DHMEQ, a new NF-kappa B inhibitor, induces apoptosis and enhances fludarabine effects on chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells. Leukemia, 20 (5), 800-806. Yasugi, E., Horiuchi, A., Uemura, I., Okuma, E., Nakatsu, M., Saeki, K., Kamisaka, Y., Kagechika, H., Yasuda, K. and Yuo, A. (2006), Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma ligands stimulate myeloid differentiation and lipogenensis in human leukemia NB4 cells. Development Growth & Differentiation, 48 (3), 177-188. Kim, D.G., Choi, C.Y., Jeong, Y.I., Jang, M.K., Nah, J.W., Kang, S.K. and Bang, M.S. (2006), All-trans retinoic acid-associated low molecular weight water-soluble chitosan nanoparticles based on ion complex. Macromolecular Research, 14 (1), 66-72. Kawakami, S., Suzuki, S., Yamashita, F. and Hashida, M. (2006), Induction of apoptosis in A549 human lung cancer cells by all-trans retinoic acid incorporated in DOTAP/cholesterol liposomes. Journal of Controlled Release, 110 (3), 514-521. Inche, A.G. and La Thangue, N.B. (2006), Keynote review: Chromation control and cancer-drug discovery: realizing the promise. Drug Discovery Today, 11 (3-4), 97-109. Huynh, C.K., Brodie, A.M.H. and Njar, V.C.O. (2006), Inhibitory effects of retinoic acid metabolism blocking agents (RAMBAs) on the growth of human prostate cancer cells and LNCaP prostate tumour xenografts in SCID mice. British Journal of Cancer, 94 (4), 513-523. Cirpanli, Y., Unlu, N., Calis, S. and Hincal, A.A. (2005), Formulation and in-vitro characterization of retinoic acid loaded poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) microspheres. Journal of Microencapsulation, 22 (8), 877-889. Liu, W., Guo, M., Xu, Y.B., Li, D., Zhou, Z.N., Wu, Y.L., Chen, Z., Kogan, S.C. and Chen, G.Q. (2006), Induction of tumor arrest and differentiation with prolonged survival by intermittent hypoxia in a mouse model of acute myeloid leukemia. Blood, 107 (2), 698-707. Kawamata, H., Tachibana, M., Fujimori, T. and Imai, Y. (2006), Differentiation-inducing therapy for solid tumors. Current Pharmaceutical Design, 12 (3), 379-385. Ghavamzadeh, A., Alimoghaddam, K., Ghaffari, S.H., Rostami, S., Jahani, M., Hosseini, R., Mossavi, A., Baybordi, E., Khodabadeh, A., Iravani, M., Bahar, B., Mortazavi, Y., Totonchi, M. and Aghdami, N. (2006), Treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia with arsenic trioxide without ATRA and/or chemotherapy. Annals of Oncology, 17 (1), 131-134. Haga, N., Fujita, N. and Tsuruo, T. (2005), Involvement of mitochondrial aggregation in arsenic trioxide (As2O3)-induced apoptosis in human glioblastoma cells. Cancer Science, 96 (11), 825-833. Hicsonmez, G. (2006), The effect of steroid on myeloid leukemic cells: The potential of short-course high-dose methylprednisolone treatment in inducing differentiation, apoptosis and in stimulating myelopoiesis. Leukemia Research, 30 (1), 60-68. Yan, H., Peng, Z.G., Wu, Y.L., Jiang, Y., Yu, Y., Huang, Y., Zhu, Y.S., Zhao, Q. and Chen, G.Q. (2005), Hypoxia-simulating agents and selective stimulation of arsenic trioxide-induced growth arrest and cell differentiation in acute promyelocytic leukemic cells. Haematologica-the Hematology Journal, 90 (12), 1607-1616. Wang, Y.A., Shen, K., Ishida, Y., Wang, Y.L., Kakizuka, A. and Brooks, S.C. (2005), Induction of murine leukemia and lymphoma by dominant negative retinoic acid receptor alpha. Molecular Carcinogenesis, 44 (4), 252-261. Kawakami, S., Opanasopit, P., Yokoyama, M., Chansri, N., Yamamoto, T., Okano, T., Yamashita, F. and Hashida, M. (2005), Biodistribution characteristics of all-trans retinoic acid incorporated in liposomes and polymeric micelles following intravenous administration. Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 94 (12), 2606-2615. Lengfelder, E., Saussele, S., Weisser, A., Buchner, T. and Hehlmann, R. (2005), Treatment concepts of acute promyelocytic leukemia. Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology, 56 (2), 261-274. Kubo, Y., Wada, M., Ohba, T. and Takahashi, N. (2005), Formation of retinoylated proteins from retinoyl-CoA in rat tissues. Journal of Biochemistry, 138 (4), 493-500. Chan, K.H., Yuen, S.L.S. and Joshua, D. (2005), A case of all-trans retinoic acid-induced myositis in the treatment of acute promyelocytic leukaemia. Clinical and Laboratory Haematology, 27 (6), 399-401. Mathieu, J., Giraudier, S., Lanotte, M. and Besancon, F. (2005), Retinoid-induced activation of NF-kappa B in APL cells is not essential for granulocytic differentiation, but prolongs the life span of mature cells. Oncogene, 24 (48), 7145-7155. Shigeno, K., Naito, K., Sahara, N., Kobayashi, M., Nakamura, S., Fujisawa, S., Shinjo, K., Takeshita, A., Ohno, R. and Ohnishi, K. (2005), Arsenic trioxide therapy in relapsed or refractory Japanese patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia: Updated outcomes of the phase II study and postremission therapies. International Journal of Hematology, 82 (3), 224-229. Zheng, R. and Small, D. (2005), Mutant FLT3 signaling contributes to a block in myeloid differentiation. Leukemia & Lymphoma , 46 (12), 1679-1687. Zhou, G.B., Chen, S.J. and Chen, Z. (2005), Acute promyclocytic leukemia: A model of molecular target based therapy. Hematology, 10), 270-280. Dao, C.T. and Zhang, D.E. (2005), ISG15: A ubiquitin-like enigma. Frontiers in Bioscience, 10), 2701-2722. Evans, T. (2005), Regulation of hematopoiesis by retinoid signaling. Experimental Hematology, 33 (9), 1055-1061. Mann, K.K., Padovani, A.M.S., Guo, Q., Colosimo, A.L., Lee, H.Y., Kurie, J.M. and Miller, W.H. (2005), Arsenic trioxide inhibits nuclear receptor function via SEK1/JNK-mediated RXR alpha phosphorylation. Journal of Clinical Investigation, 115 (10), 2924-2933. Sharma, R.A. and Browning, M.J. (2005), Mechanisms of the self/non-self-survey in the defense against cancer: Potential for chemoprevention? Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology, 56 (1), 5-22. Wang, Q., Harrison, J.S., Uskokovic, M., Kutner, A. and Studzinski, G.P. (2005), Translational study of vitamin D differentiation therapy of myeloid leukemia: effects of the combination with a p38 MAPK inhibitor and an antioxidant. Leukemia, 19 (10), 1812-1817. Kagechika, H. and Shudo, K. (2005), Synthetic retinoids: Recent developments concerning structure and clinical utility. Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 48 (19), 5875-5883. Shinjo, K., Takeshita, A., Sahara, N., Kobayashi, M., Nakamura, S., Shigeno, K., Naito, K., Maekawa, M., Ohnishi, K. and Ohno, R. (2005), Delayed recovery of normal hematopoiesis in arsenic trioxide treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia: A comparison to all-trans retinoic acid treatment. Internal Medicine, 44 (8), 818-824. Jing, Y.K., Hellinger, N., Xia, L.J., Monks, A., Sausville, E.A., Zelent, A. and Waxman, S. (2005), Benzodithiophenes induce differentiation and apoptosis in human leukemia cells. Cancer Research, 65 (17), 7847-7855. Xu, K., Guidez, F., Glasow, A., Chung, D., Petrie, K., Stegmaier, K., Wang, K.K., Zhang, J., Jing, Y., Zelent, A. and Waxman, S. (2005), Benzodithiophenes potentiate differentiation of acute promyelocytic leukemia cells by lowering the threshold for ligand-mediated corepressor/coactivator exchange with retinoic acid receptor alpha and enhancing changes in all-trans-retinoic acid-regulated gene expression. Cancer Research, 65 (17), 7856-7865. Wang, Q., Salman, H., Danilenko, M. and Studzinski, G.P. (2005), Cooperation between antioxidants and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D-3 in induction of leukemia HL60 cell differentiation through the JNK/AP-1/Egr-1 pathway. Journal of Cellular Physiology, 204 (3), 962-972. Takahashi, N. and Ohba, T. (2005), Regulation of cytodifferentiation by retinoylation. Seikagaku, 77 (6), 527-536. Gehrmann, M., Schonberger, J., Zilch, T., Rossbacher, L., Thonigs, G., Eilles, C. and Multhoff, G. (2005), Retinoid- and sodium-butyrate-induced decrease in heat shock protein 70 membrane-positive tumor cells is associated with reduced sensitivity to natural killer cell lysis, growth delay, and altered growth morphology. Cell Stress & Chaperones, 10 (2), 136-146. Dally, N., Hoffman, R., Haddad, N., Sarig, G., Rowe, J.M. and Brenner, B. (2005), Predictive factors of bleeding and thrombosis during induction therapy in acute promyelocytic leukemia - a single center experience in 34 patients. Thrombosis Research, 116 (2), 109-114. Lu, M., Lopez, R., Nakajo, S., Nakaya, K. and Jing, Y.K. (2005), Expression of estrogen receptor alpha, retinoic acid receptor alpha and cellular retinoic acid binding protein II genes is coordinately regulated in human breast cancer cells. Oncogene, 24 (27), 4362-4369. Xue, Z.H., Jiang, Y., Yu, Y., Wang, L.S., Chen, G.Q. and Zhao, Q. (2005), Metavanadate suppresses desferrioxamine-induced leukemic cell differentiation with reduced hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha protein. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 332 (4), 1140-1145. Liu, M.J., Wang, Z., Sun, S.Q. and Wu, Q.Y. (2005), Monitoring all-trans-retinoic acid-induced differentiation of HL-60 cells by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis , 25 (5), 688-692. Zheng, P.Z., Wang, K.K., Zhang, Q.Y., Huang, Q.H., Du, Y.Z., Zhang, Q.H., Xiao, D.K., Shen, S.H., Imbeaud, S., Eveno, E., Zhao, C.J., Chen, Y.L., Fan, H.Y., Waxman, S., Auffray, C., Jin, G., Chen, S.J., Chen, Z. and Zhang, J. (2005), Systems analysis of transcriptome and proteome in retinoic acid/arsenic trioxide-induced cell differentiation/apoptosis of promyelocytic leukemia. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 102 (21), 7653-7658. Schlenk, R.F., Germing, U., Hartmann, F., Glasmacher, A., Fischer, J.T., Fuentes, F.D.Y., Gotze, K., Pralle, H., Nerl, C., Salwender, H., Grimminger, W., Petzer, A., Hensel, M., Benner, A., Zick, L., Dohner, K., Frohling, S. and Dohner, H. (2005), High-dose cytarabine and mitoxantrone in consolidation therapy for acute promyelocytic leukemia. Leukemia, 19 (6), 978-983. Meani, N., Minardi, S., Licciulli, S., Gelmetti, V., Lo Coco, F., Nervi, C., Pelicci, P.G., Muller, H. and Alcalay, M. (2005), Molecular signature of retinoic acid treatment in acute promyelocytic leukemia. Oncogene, 24 (20), 3358-3368. Scolnik, M.P., Aranguren, P.N., Cuello, M.T., Palacios, M.F., Sanjurjo, J., Giunta, M., Bracco, M.M.E. and Acevedo, S. (2005), Biphenotypic acute leukemia with t(15;17). Leukemia & Lymphoma, 46 (4), 607-610. Osanai, M. and Petkovich, M. (2005), Expression of the retinoic acid-metabolizing enzyme CYP26A1 limits programmed cell death. Molecular Pharmacology, 67 (5), 1808-1817. Ishibe, T., Nakayama, T., Okamoto, T., Aoyama, T., Nishijo, K., Shibata, K.R., Shima, Y., Nagayama, S., Katagiri, T., Nakamura, Y., Nakamura, T. and Toguchida, J. (2005), Disruption of fibroblast growth factor signal pathway inhibits the growth of synovial sarcomas: Potential application of signal inhibitors to molecular target therapy. Clinical Cancer Research, 11 (7), 2702-2712. Debier, C. and Larondelle, Y. (2005), Vitamins A and E: metabolism, roles and transfer to offspring. British Journal of Nutrition, 93 (2), 153-174. Kumagai, T., Shih, L.Y., Hughes, S.V., Desmond, J.C., O'Kelly, J., Hewison, M. and Koeffler, H.P. (2005), 19-Nor-1,25(OH)(2)D-2 (a novel, noncalcemic vitamin D analogue), combined with arsenic trioxide, has potent antitumor activity against myeloid leukemia. Cancer Research, 65 (6), 2488-2497. Zhou, G.B., Zhao, W.L., Wang, Z.Y., Chen, S.J. and Chen, Z. (2005), Retinoic acid and arsenic for treating acute promyelocytic leukemia. Plos Medicine, 2 (1), 33-38. Matsui, W., Smith, B.D., Vala, M., Beal, N., Huff, C.A., Diehl, L.F. and Jones, R.J. (2005), Requirement for myeloid growth factors in the differentiation of acute promyelocytic leukaemia. British Journal of Haematology, 128 (6), 853-862. Sellers, W.R. and Meyerson, M. (2005), EGFR gene mutations: A call for global x global views of cancer. Journal of the National Cancer Institute, 97 (5), 326-328. Laurenzana, A., Cellai, C., Vannucchi, A.M., Pancrazzi, A., Romanelli, M.N. and Paoletti, F. (2005), WEB-2086 and WEB-2170 trigger apoptosis in both ATRA-sensitive and -resistant promyelocytic leukemia cells and greatly enhance ATRA differentiation potential. Leukemia, 19 (3), 390-395. Heuze, M.L., Guibal, F.C., Banks, C.A., Conaway, J.W., Conaway, R.C., Cayre, Y.E., Benecke, A. and Lutz, P.G. (2005), ASB2 is an elongin BC-interacting protein that can assemble with cullin 5 and Rbx1 to reconstitute an E3 ubiquitin ligase complex. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 280 (7), 5468-5474. Rosmarin, A.G., Yang, Z.F. and Resendes, K.K. (2005), Transcriptional regulation in myelopoiesis: Hematopoietic fate choice, myeloid differentiation, and leukemogenesis. Experimental Hematology, 33 (2), 131-143. Toma, S., Emionite, L., Scaramuccia, A., Ravera, G. and Scarabelli, L. (2005), Retinoids and human breast cancer: in vivo effects of an antagonist for RAR-alpha. Cancer Letters, 219 (1), 27-31. Lal, L., Li, Y.Z., Smith, J., Sassano, A., Uddin, S., Parmar, S., Tallman, M.S., Minucci, S., Hay, N. and Platanias, L.C. (2005), Activation of the p70 S6 kinase by all-trans-retinoic acid in acute promyelocytic leukemia cells. Blood, 105 (4), 1669-1677. Hu, J., Fang, J., Dong, Y., Chen, S.J. and Chen, Z. (2005), Arsenic in cancer therapy. Anti-Cancer Drugs, 16 (2), 119-127. Arsenou, E.S., Papadimitriou, E.P., Kliafa, E., Hountala, M. and Nikolaropoulos, S.S. (2005), Effects of retinoic acid steroidal analogs on human leukemic HL60 cell proliferation in vitro and on angiogenesis in vivo. Anti-Cancer Drugs, 16 (2), 151-158. Watanabe, M., Dewan, Z., Okamura, T., Sasaki, M., Itoh, K., Higashihara, M., Mizoguchi, H., Honda, M., Sata, T., Watanabe, T., Yamamoto, N., Umezawa, K. and Horie, R. (2005), A novel NF-kappa B inhibitor DHMEQ selectively targets constitutive NF-kappa B activity and induces apoptosis of multiple myeloma cells in vitro and in vivo. International Journal of Cancer , 114 (1), 32-38. Gando, S., Wada, H., Asakura, H., Iba, T., Eguchi, Y., Okamoto, K., Ohtomo, Y., Kawasugi, K., Koga, S., Koseki, A., Tsuji, H., Mayumi, T., Murata, A. and Nakagawa, M. (2005), Evaluation of new Japanese diagnostic criteria for disseminated intravascular coagulation in critically ill patients. Clinical and Applied Thrombosis-Hemostasis, 11 (1), 71-76. Michael, M. and Doherty, M.M. (2005), Tumoral drug metabolism: Overview and its implications for cancer therapy. Journal of Clinical Oncology, 23 (1), 205-229. Dutcher, J.P., Lee, S., Gallagher, R.E., Makary, A.Z., Hines, J.D., Londer, H., Farnen, J.P., Bennett, J.M., Paietta, E., Rowe, J.M., Goloubeva, O. and Wiernik, P.H. (2004), Phase II study of all-trans retinoic acid in the accelerated phase or early blastic phase of chronic myeloid leukemia: A study of the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (E1993). Leukemia & Lymphoma, 46 (3), 377-385. Cosenza, M., Civallero, M., Sacchi, S., Marcheselli, R. and Pozzi, S. (2005), Biological effects of Atra and Arsenic Trioxide on short term cultures of non-M3 leukemic blasts. Leukemia & Lymphoma, 46 (2), 257-263. Hu, L.D., Tang, X. and Cui, F.D. (2004), Solid lipid namoparticles (SLNs) to improve oral bioavailability of poorly soluble drugs. Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, 56 (12), 1527-1535. Nozaki, Y., Yamagata, T., Yoo, B.S., Sugiyama, M., Ikoma, S., Kinoshita, K., Funauchi, M. and Kanamaru, A. (2005), The beneficial effects of treatment with all-trans-retinoic acid plus corticosteroid on autoimmune nephritis in NZB/WF1 mice. Clinical and Experimental Immunology, 139 (1), 74-83. Zhao, K.W., Li, X., Zhao, Q., Huang, Y., Li, D., Peng, Z.G., Shen, W.Z., Zhao, J., Zhou, Q.S., Chen, Z., Sims, P.J., Wiedmer, T. and Chen, G.Q. (2004), Protein kinase C delta mediates retinoic acid and phorbol myristate acetate-induced phospholipid scramblase 1 gene expression: its role in leukemic cell differentiation. Blood, 104 (12), 3731-3738. Elmazar, M.M.A. and Nau, H. (2004), Potentiation of the teratogenic effects induced by coadministration of retinoic acid or phytanic acid/phytol with synthetic retinoid receptor ligands. Archives of Toxicology, 78 (11), 660-668. Niles, R.M. (2004), Signaling pathways in retinoid chemoprevention and treatment of cancer. Mutation Research-Fundamental and Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis, 555 (1-2), 81-96. Kambhampati, S., Verma, A., Li, Y.Z., Parmar, S., Sassano, A. and Platanias, L.C. (2004), Signalling pathways activated by all-trans-retinoic acid in acute promyelocytic leukemia cells. Leukemia & Lymphoma, 45 (11), 2175-2185. Rice, A.M., Holtz, K.M., Karp, J., Rollins, S. and Sartorelli, A.C. (2004), Analysis of the relationship between Scl transcription factor complex protein expression patterns and the effects of LiCl on ATRA-induced differentiation in blast cells from patients with acute myeloid leukemia. Leukemia Research, 28 (11), 1227-1237. Suzuki, N., Aoki, D., Oie, S., Horiuchi, M., Hasegawa, Y., Ezawa, S., Suzuki, A., Susumu, N., Hosoi, F., Kitazato, K. and Nozawa, S. (2004), A novel retinoid, 4-[3,5-bis (trimethylsilyl) benzamido] benzoic acid (TAC-101), induces apoptosis of human ovarian carcinoma cells and shows potential as a new antitumor agent for clear cell adenocarcinoma. Gynecologic Oncology, 94 (3), 643-649. Kawamata, H., Fujimori, T. and Imai, Y. (2004), TSC-22 (TGF-beta stimulated clone-22): A novel molecular target for differentiation-inducing therapy in salivary gland cancer. Current Cancer Drug Targets, 4 (6), 521-529. Zink, D., Fischer, A.H. and Nickerson, J.A. (2004), Nuclear structure in cancer cells. Nature Reviews Cancer, 4 (9), 677-687. Chow, S.K.Y., Chan, J.Y.W. and Fung, K.P. (2004), Suppression of cell proliferation and regulation of estrogen receptor alpha signaling pathway by arsenic trioxide on human breast cancer MCF-7 cells. Journal of Endocrinology, 182 (2), 325-337. Liu, L., Berletch, J.B., Green, J.G., Pate, M.S., Andrews, L.G. and Tollefsbol, T.O. (2004), Telomerase inhibition by retinoids precedes cytodifferentiation of leukemia cells and may contribute to terminal differentiation. Molecular Cancer Therapeutics, 3 (8), 1003-1009. Tallman, M.S., Lefebvre, P., Baine, R.M., Shoji, M., Cohen, I., Green, D., Kwaan, H.C., Paietta, E. and Rickles, F.R. (2004), Effects of all-trans retinoic acid or chemotherapy on the molecular regulation of systemic blood coagulation and fibrinolysis in patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia. Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis, 2 (8), 1341-1350. Kim, I.S., Kim, Y.S., Jang, S.W., Sung, H.J., Han, K.H., Na, D.S. and Ko, J. (2004), Differential effects of 9-cis retinoic acid on expression of CC chemokine receptors in human monocytes. Biochemical Pharmacology, 68 (4), 611-620. Ishii, Y., Kiyota, H., Sakai, S. and Honma, Y. (2004), Induction of differentiation of human myeloid leukemia cells by jasmonates, plant hormones. Leukemia, 18 (8), 1413-1419. Soprano, D.R., Qin, P. and Soprano, K.J. (2004), Retinoic acid receptors and cancers. Annual Review of Nutrition, 24), 201-221. Lei, M. and de The, H. (2003), Retinoids and retinoic acid receptor in cancer. Ejc Supplements, 1 (2), 13-18. Nakaya, K. (2004), Basic studies for the development of anticancer, antidementia, and taste modifier drugs. Yakugaku Zasshi-Journal of the Pharmaceutical Society of Japan, 124 (7), 371-396. Okuno, M., Kojima, S., Matsushima-Nishiwaki, R., Tsurumi, H., Muto, Y., Friedman, S.L. and Moriwaki, H. (2004), Retinoids in cancer chemoprevention. Current Cancer Drug Targets, 4 (3), 285-298. Horie, N., Mori, T., Asada, H., Ishikawa, A., Johnston, P.G. and Takeshi, K. (2004), Implication of CDK inhibitors p21 and p27 in the differentiation of HL-60 cells. Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin, 27 (7), 992-997. Martinez-Mancilla, M., Zafra, G., Reynoso-Gomez, E., Martinez-Avalos, A., Rivera-Luna, R. and Gariglio, P. (2004), A closer look at specific therapeutic strategies in leukemia. Leukemia & Lymphoma, 45 (9), 1767-1773. Puccetti, E. and Ruthardt, M. (2004), Acute promyelocytic leukemia: PML/RAR alpha and the leukemic stem cell. Leukemia, 18 (7), 1169-1175. Chen, Q.Y. and Ross, A.C. (2004), Retinoic acid regulates cell cycle progression and cell differentiation in human monocytic THP-1 cells. Experimental Cell Research, 297 (1), 68-81. Murrin, R.J.A., Adjetey, V., Harrison, P. and Warwick, A. (2004), Acute promyelocytic leukaemia presenting as postpartum haemorrhage. Clinical and Laboratory Haematology, 26 (3), 233-237. Kuo, M.C., Dunn, P., Wu, J.H. and Shih, L.Y. (2004), All-trans-retinoic acid-induced erythema nodosum in patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia. Annals of Hematology, 83 (6), 376-380. Yang, M.J., Chen, T.Y., Han, C.F., Li, N., Wan, T. and Cao, X.T. (2004), Rab7b, a novel lysosome-associated small GTPase, is involved in monocytic differentiation of human acute promyelocytic leukemia cells. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 318 (3), 792-799. Witcher, M. and Miller, W.H. (2004), Cytokines and retinoic acid therapy for APL: new tricks from an old combination. Leukemia Research, 28 (5), 447-448. Pitha-Rowe, I., Hassel, B.A. and Dmitrovsky, E. (2004), Involvement of UBE1L in ISG15 conjugation during retinoid-induced differentiation of acute promyelocytic leukemia. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 279 (18), 18178-18187. Bradley, D. (2004), Biography of Zhu Chen. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 101 (15), 5325-5327. Shen, Z.X., Shi, Z.Z., Fang, J., Gu, B.W., Li, J.M., Zhu, Y.M., Shi, J.Y., Zheng, P.Z., Yan, H., Liu, Y.F., Chen, Y., Shen, Y., Wu, W., Tang, W., Waxman, S., de The, H., Wang, Z.Y., Chen, S.J. and Chen, Z. (2004), All-trans retinoic acid/AS(2)O(3) combination yields a high quality remission and survival in newly diagnosed acute promyelocytic leukemia. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 101 (15), 5328-5335. de Botton, S., Coiteux, V., Chevret, S., Rayon, C., Vilmer, E., Sanz, M., de La Serna, J., Philippe, N., Baruchel, A., Leverger, G., Robert, A., Miguel, J.S., Conde, E., Sotto, J.J., Bordessoule, D., Fegueux, N., Fey, M., Parry, A., Chomienne, C., Degos, L. and Fenaux, P. (2004), Outcome of childhood acute promyelocytic leukemia with all-trans-retinoic acid and chemotherapy. Journal of Clinical Oncology, 22 (8), 1404-1412. Navakauskiene, R., Treigyte, G., Gineitis, A. and Magnusson, K.E. (2004), Identification of apoptotic tyrosine-phosphorylated proteins after etoposide or retinoic acid treatment of HL-60 cells. Proteomics , 4 (4), 1029-1041. Zhang, H.J., Wang, Z. and Zhou, J.B. (2004), Cytoplasm prepared from all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA)-treated human hematopoietic progenitor cells induces differentiation of both ATRA sensitive and ATRA resistant leukemia cells. Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin, 27 (4), 570-573. Jeong, Y.I., Kang, M.K., Sun, H.S., Kang, S.S., Kim, H.W., Moon, K.S., Lee, K.J., Kim, S.H. and Jung, S. (2004), All-trans-retinoic acid release from core-shell type nanoparticles of poly (epsilon-caprolactone)/poly (ethylene glycol) diblock copolymer. International Journal of Pharmaceutics, 273 (1-2), 95-107. Kojima, S., Okuno, M., Matsushima-Nishiwaki, R., Friedman, S.L. and Moriwaki, H. (2004), Acyclic retinoid in the chemoprevention of hepatocellular carcinoma (Review). International Journal of Oncology, 24 (4), 797-805. Cuendet, M., Gills, J.J. and Pezzuto, J.M. (2004), Brusatol-induced HL-60 cell differentiation involves NF-kappa B activation. Cancer Letters, 206 (1), 43-50. Wang, J.R. and Yen, A. (2004), A novel retinoic acid-responsive element regulates retinoic acid-induced BLR1 expression. Molecular and Cellular Biology, 24 (6), 2423-2443. Prus, E., Chandraratna, R.A.S. and Fibach, E. (2004), Retinoic acid receptor antagonist inhibits CD38 antigen expression on human hematopoietic cells in vitro. Leukemia & Lymphoma, 45 (5), 1025-1035. Cuendet, M. and Pezzuto, J.M. (2004), Antitumor activity of bruceantin: An old drug with new promise. Journal of Natural Products, 67 (2), 269-272. Takamura, K., Nasuhara, Y., Kobayashi, M., Betsuyaku, T., Tanino, Y., Kinoshita, I., Yamaguchi, E., Matsukura, S., Schleimer, R.P. and Nishimura, M. (2004), Retinoic acid inhibits interleukin-4-induced eotaxin production in a human bronchial epithelial cell line. American Journal of Physiology-Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology, 286 (4), L777-L785. Evans, W.E. and Guy, R.K. (2004), Gene expression as a drug discovery tool. Nature Genetics, 36 (3), 214-215. Stegmaier, K., Ross, K.N., Colavito, S.A., O'Malley, S., Stockwell, B.R. and Golub, T.R. (2004), Gene expression-based high-throughput screening (GE-HTS) and application to leukemia differentiation. Nature Genetics, 36 (3), 257-263. Consoli, U., Figuera, A., Milone, G., Meli, C.R., Guido, G., Indelicato, F., Moschetti, G., Leotta, S., Tornello, A., Poidomani, M., Murgano, P., Pinto, V. and Giustolisi, R. (2004), Acute promyelocytic leukemia during pregnancy: Report of 3 cases. International Journal of Hematology , 79 (1), 31-36. Gomez-Vidal, J.A., Campos, J., Marchal, J.A., Boulaiz, H., Gallo, M.A., Carrillo, E., Espinosa, A. and Aranega, A. (2004), Actual targets in cytodifferentiation cancer therapy. Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry, 4 (2), 175-202. Ji, Y. and Studzinski, G.P. (2004), Retinoblastoma protein and CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein beta are required for 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D-3-induced monocytic differentiation of HL60 cells. Cancer Research, 64 (1), 370-377. Zhao, Q., Tao, J., Zhu, Q., Jia, P.M., Dou, A.X., Li, X., Cheng, F., Waxman, S., Chen, G.Q., Chen, S.J., Lanotte, M., Chen, Z. and Tong, J.H. (2004), Rapid induction of cAMP/PKA pathway during retinoic acid-induced acute promyelocytic leukemia cell differentiation. Leukemia, 18 (2), 285-292. Mizukami, Y., Sumimoto, H. and Takeshige, K. (2004), Induction of cytochrome CYP4F3A in all-trans-retinoic acid-treated HL60 cells. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 314 (1), 104-109. Lazar, M.A. (2004), East meets West: an herbal tea finds a receptor. Journal of Clinical Investigation, 113 (1), 23-25. Han, Z.G., Zhao, G.P. and Chen, Z. (2003), Transcriptome study in China. Comptes Rendus Biologies, 326 (10-11), 949-957. Guirgis, M.F. and Lueder, G.T. (2003), Intracranial hypertension secondary to all-trans retinoic acid treatment for leukemia: Diagnosis and management. Journal of Aapos, 7 (6), 432-434. Vorobyev, A.I., Vorobyev, I.A., Gretsov, E.M., Kremenetskaya, A.M., Korneva, A.M., Magomedova, A.U., Kharazishvili, D.V., Khudoleeva, O.A. and Chernova, N.G. (2003), Problems of theoretical hematology. Terapevticheskii Arkhiv, 75 (9), 22-29. Jing, Y.K. (2004), The PML-RAR alpha fusion protein and targeted therapy for acute promyelocytic leukemia. Leukemia & Lymphoma, 45 (4), 639-648. Kempf, W., Kettelhack, N., Duvic, M. and Burg, G. (2003), Topical and systemic retinoid therapy for cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. Hematology-Oncology Clinics of North America, 17 (6), 1405-+. Avvisati, G. and Tallman, M.S. (2003), All-trans retinoic acid in acute promyelocytic leukaemia. Best Practice & Research Clinical Haematology, 16 (3), 419-432. Sanz, M.A., Martin, G. and Lo Coco, F. (2003), Choice of chemotherapy in induction, consolidation and maintenance in acute promyelocytic leukaemia. Best Practice & Research Clinical Haematology, 16 (3), 433-451. Inagaki, T., Suzuki, S., Miyamoto, T., Takeda, T., Yamashita, K., Komatsu, A., Yamauchi, K. and Hashizume, K. (2003), The retinoic acid-responsive proline-rich protein is identified in promyeloleukemic HL-60 cells. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 278 (51), 51685-51692. Baranova, O.Y., Frenkel, M.A., Volkova, M.A. and Tupitsyn, N.N. (2003), Acute promyelocytic leukemia: Problems of diagnosis and current therapeutic opportunities. Gematologiya I Transfuziologiya, 48 (4), 3-10. Adachi, S., Leoni, L.M., Carson, D.A. and Nakahata, T. (2003), Apoptosis induced by molecular targeting therapy in hematological malignancies. Acta Haematologica, 111 (1-2), 107-123. Nakagawa, S., Fujii, T., Yokoyama, G., Kazanietz, M.G., Yamana, H. and Shirouzu, K. (2003), Cell growth inhibition by all-trans retinoic acid in SKBR-3 breast cancer cells: Involvement of protein kinase C alpha and extracellular signal-regulated kinase mitogen-activated protein kinase. Molecular Carcinogenesis, 38 (3), 106-116. Malone, W., Perloff, M., Crowell, J., Sigman, C. and Higley, H. (2003), Fenretinide: a prototype cancer prevention drug. Expert Opinion on Investigational Drugs, 12 (11), 1829-1842. Yang, L.J., Zhao, H.S., Li, S.W., Ahrens, K., Collins, C., Eckenrode, S., Ruan, Q.G., McIndoe, R.A. and She, J.X. (2003), Gene expression profiling during all-trans retinoic acid-induced cell differentiation of acute promyelocytic leukemia cells. Journal of Molecular Diagnostics, 5 (4), 212-221. Moog-Lutz, C., Cave-Riant, F., Guibal, F.C., Breau, M.A., Di Gioia, Y., Couraud, P.O., Cayre, Y.E., Bourdoulous, S. and Lutz, P.G. (2003), JAML, a novel protein with characteristics of a junctional adhesion molecule, is induced during differentiation of myeloid leukemia cells. Blood, 102 (9), 3371-3378. Galsky, M. and Kelly, W.K. (2003), The development of differentiation agents for the treatment of prostate cancer. Seminars in Oncology, 30 (5), 689-697. Mann, K.K., Rephaeli, A., Colosimo, A.L., Diaz, Z., Nudelman, A., Levovich, I., Jing, H.K., Waxman, S. and Miller, W.H. (2003), A retinoid/butyric acid prodrug overcomes retinoic acid resistance in leukemias by induction of apoptosis. Molecular Cancer Research, 1 (12), 903-912. Dong, S., Chen, S.J. and Tweardy, D.J. (2003), Cross-talk between retinoic acid and Stat3 signaling pathways in acute promyelocytic leukemia. Leukemia & Lymphoma, 44 (12), 2023-2029. Ikezoe, T., Chen, S., Saito, T., Asou, H., Kyo, T., Tanosaki, S., Heber, D., Taguchi, H. and Koeffler, H.P. (2003), PC-SPES decreases proliferation and induces differentiation and apoptosis of human acute myeloid leukemia cells. International Journal of Oncology, 23 (4), 1203-1211. Oren, T., Sher, J.A. and Evans, T. (2003), Hematopoiesis and retinoids: Development and disease. Leukemia & Lymphoma, 44 (11), 1881-1891. Barbey, J.T., Pezzullo, J.C. and Soignet, S.L. (2003), Effect of arsenic trioxide on QT interval in patients with advanced malignancies. Journal of Clinical Oncology, 21 (19), 3609-3615. Lengfelder, E., Gnad, U., Buchner, T. and Hehlmann, R. (2003), Treatment of relapsed acute promyelocytic leukemia. Onkologie , 26 (4), 373-379. Pitha-Rowe, I., Petty, W.J., Kitareewan, S. and Dmitrovsky, E. (2003), Retinoid target genes in acute promyelocytic leukemia. Leukemia, 17 (9), 1723-1730. Honma, Y., Ishii, Y., Sassa, T. and Asahi, K. (2003), Treatment of human promyelocytic leukemia in the SLID mouse model with cotylenin A, an inducer of myelomonocytic differentiation of leukemia cells. Leukemia Research, 27 (11), 1019-1025. Kambhampati, S., Li, Y.Z., Verma, A., Sassano, A., Majchrzak, B., Deb, D.K., Parmar, S., Giafis, N., Kalvakolanu, D.V., Rahman, A., Uddin, S., Minucci, S., Tallman, M.S., Fish, E.N. and Platanias, L.C. (2003), Activation of protein kinase C delta by all-trans-retinoic acid. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 278 (35), 32544-32551. Rishi, A.K., Zhang, L.Y., Boyanapalli, M., Wali, A., Mohammad, R.M., Yu, Y.J., Fontana, J.A., Hatfield, J.S., Dawson, M.I., Majumdar, A.P.N. and Reichert, U. (2003), Identification and characterization of a cell cycle and apoptosis regulatory protein-1 as a novel mediator of apoptosis signaling by retinoid CD437. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 278 (35), 33422-33435. Yuasa, Y. (2003), Control of gut differentiation and intestinal-type gastric carcinogenesis. Nature Reviews Cancer, 3 (8), 592-600. Casillas, J.N., Woods, W.G., Hunger, S.P., McGavran, L., Alonzo, T.A. and Feig, S.A. (2003), Prognostic implications of t(10;11) translocations in childhood acute myelogenous leukemia: A report from the Children's Cancer Group. Journal of Pediatric Hematology Oncology, 25 (8), 594-600. Moller, A., Sirma, H., Hofmann, T.G., Rueffer, S., Klimczak, E., Droge, W., Will, H. and Schmitz, M.L. (2003), PML is required for homeodomain-interacting protein kinase 2 (HIPK2)-mediated p53 phosphorylation and cell cycle arrest but is dispensable for the formation of HIPK domains. Cancer Research, 63 (15), 4310-4314. Degos, L. (2003), The history of acute promyelocytic leukaemia. British Journal of Haematology, 122 (4), 539-553. Kawamata, H., Ornotehara, F., Nakashiro, K., Uchida, D., Hino, S. and Fujimori, T. (2003), Vesnarinone: a differentiation-inducing anti-cancer drug. Anti-Cancer Drugs, 14 (6), 391-395. Ohno, R., Asou, N. and Ohnishi, K. (2003), Treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia: strategy toward further increase of cure rate. Leukemia, 17 (8), 1454-1463. Savickiene, J. and Gineitis, A. (2003), 3-Deazauridine triggers dose-dependent apoptosis in myeloid leukemia cells and enhances retinoic acid-induced granulocytic differentiation of HL-60 cells. International Journal of Biochemistry & Cell Biology, 35 (10), 1482-1494. Parmar, S. and Tallman, M.S. (2003), Acute promyelocytic leukaemia: a review. Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy, 4 (8), 1379-1392. Yamamoto-Yamaguchi, Y., Okabe-Kado, J., Kasukabe, T. and Honma, Y. (2003), Induction of apoptosis by combined treatment with differentiation-inducing agents and interferon-alpha in human lung cancer cells. Anticancer Research, 23 (3B), 2537-2547. Ivanova, D., Vassileva, M., Vassileva, N., Pashkuleva, I. and Koleva, R. (2003), Stereoselective synthesis of new coumarin and N-methylcarbazole retinoic acid analogs. Journal of the Indian Chemical Society, 80 (6), 650-653. Ratnam, M., Hao, H., Zhen, X., Wang, H., Qi, H.L., Lee, R. and Pan, X. (2003), Receptor induction and targeted drug delivery: a new antileukaemia strategy. Expert Opinion on Biological Therapy, 3 (4), 563-574. Weinzweig, J., Tattini, C., Lynch, S., Zienowicz, R., Weinzweig, N., Spangenberger, A. and Edstrom, L. (2003), Investigation of the growth and metastasis of malignant melanoma in a murine model: The role of supplemental vitamin A. Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, 112 (1), 152-158. Takahashi, N., Tamagawa, K., Shimizu, K., Fukui, T. and Maitani, Y. (2003), Effects on M5076-hepatic metastasis of retinoic acid and N-(4-hydroxyphenyl) retinamide, fenretinide entrapped in SG-liposomes. Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin, 26 (7), 1060-1063. Jing, Y., Xia, L.J., Lu, M. and Waxman, S. (2003), The cleavage product Delta PML-RAR alpha contributes to all-trans retinoic acid-mediated differentiation in acute promyelocytic leukemia cells. Oncogene, 22 (26), 4083-4091. Clarkson, B., Strife, A., Wisniewski, D., Lambek, C.L. and Liu, C. (2003), Chronic myelogenous leukemia as a paradigm of early cancer and possible curative strategies. Leukemia, 17 (7), 1211-1262. Cai, X., Yu, Y., Huang, Y., Zhang, L., Jia, P.M., Zhao, Q., Chen, Z., Tong, J.H., Dai, W. and Chen, G.Q. (2003), Arsenic trioxide-induced mitotic arrest and apoptosis in acute promyelocytic leukemia cells. Leukemia, 17 (7), 1333-1337. Raffoux, E., Rousselot, P., Poupon, J., Daniel, M.T., Cassinat, B., Delarue, R., Taksin, A.L., Rea, D., Buzyn, A., Tibi, A., Lebbe, G., Cimerman, P., Chomienne, C., Fermand, J.P., de The, H., Degos, L., Hermine, O. and Dombret, H. (2003), Combined treatment with arsenic trioxide and all-trans-retinoic acid in patients with relapsed acute promyelocytic leukemia. Journal of Clinical Oncology, 21 (12), 2326-2334. Young, J.I., Song, J.G., Kang, S.S., Ryu, H.H., Lee, Y.H., Choi, C., Shin, B.A., Kim, K.K., Ahn, K.Y. and Jung, S. (2003), Preparation of poly(DL-lactide-co-glycolide) microspheres encapsulating all-trans retinoic acid. International Journal of Pharmaceutics, 259 (1-2), 79-91. Honma, Y. (2003), Adenine analogs as potential differentiation therapy agents for acute myeloid leukemia. Drug Development Research, 59 (1), 14-22. Flanagan, S.A. and Meckling, K.A. (2003), All-trans-retinoic acid increases cytotoxicity of 1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine in NB4 cells. Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology, 51 (5), 363-375. Iwata, K., Ogata, S., Okumura, K. and Taguchi, H. (2003), Induction of differentiation in human promyelocytic leukemia HL-60 cell line by niacin-related compounds. Bioscience Biotechnology and Biochemistry, 67 (5), 1132-1135. Oduncu, F.S., Kimmig, R., Hepp, H. and Emmerich, B. (2003), Cancer in pregnancy: maternal-fetal conflict. Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology, 129 (3), 133-146. Felsher, D.W. (2003), Cancer revoked: oncogenes as therapeutic targets. Nature Reviews Cancer, 3 (5), 375-380. Kinoshita, K., Yoo, B.S., Nozaki, Y., Sugiyama, M., Ikoma, S., Ohno, M., Funauchi, M. and Kanamaru, A. (2003), Retinoic acid reduces autoimmune renal injury and increases survival in NZB/W F-1 mice. Journal of Immunology, 170 (11), 5793-5798. Gaines, P. and Berliner, N. (2003), Retinoids in myelopolesis. Journal of Biological Regulators and Homeostatic Agents, 17 (1), 46-65. Novitzky, N., Thomas, V. and Stubbings, H. (2003), Intensified myeloablative therapy and autologous stem-cell transplantation for patients with AML: single center experience. Cytotherapy, 5 (2), 139-146. Kao, H.W., Chen, H.C., Wu, C.W. and Lin, W.C. (2003), Tyrosine-kinase expression profiles in human gastric cancer cell lines and their modulations with retinoic acids. British Journal of Cancer, 88 (7), 1058-1064. Lazo, G., Kantarjian, H., Estey, E., Thomas, D., O'Brien, S. and Cortes, J. (2003), Use of arsenic trioxide (AS(2)O(3)) in the treatment of patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia - The M. D. Anderson experience. Cancer, 97 (9), 2218-2224. Douer, D., Hu, W., Giralt, S., Lill, M. and DiPersio, J. (2003), Arsenic trioxide (Trisenox (R)) therapy for acute promyelocytic leukemia in the setting of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Oncologist, 8 (2), 132-140. Doherty, M.M. and Michael, M. (2003), Tumoral drug metabolism: Perspectives and therapeutic implications. Current Drug Metabolism, 4 (2), 131-149. Lanvers, C., Reinhardt, D., Dubbers, A., Wagner-Bohn, A., Creutzig, U., Ritter, J. and Boos, J. (2003), Pharmacology of all-trans-retinoic acid in children with acute promyelocytic leukemia. Medical and Pediatric Oncology, 40 (5), 293-301. Esteva, F.J., Glaspy, J., Baidas, S., Laufman, L., Hutchins, L., Dickler, M., Tripathy, D., Cohen, R., DeMichele, A., Yocum, R.C., Osborne, C.K., Hayes, D.F., Hortobagyi, G.N., Winer, E. and Demetri, G.D. (2003), Multicenter phase II study of oral bexarotene for patients with metastatic breast cancer. Journal of Clinical Oncology, 21 (6), 999-1006. Ichiishi, E., Yoshikawa, T., Takai, T., Tokuda, H., Yoshida, Y., Hanashiro, K., Kaminuma, T., Yoshida, N. and Nishino, H. (2001), Effect of retinoic acid on cell proliferation-related gene expression in Raji cells induced by 12-O-tetra-decanoylphorbol-13-acetate. Journal of Clinical Biochemistry and Nutrition, 30), 21-31. Ponthan, F., Johnsen, J.I., Klevenvall, L., Castro, J. and Kogner, P. (2003), The synthetic retinoid Ro 13-6307 induces neuroblastoma differentiation in vitro and inhibits neuroblastoma tumour growth in vivo. International Journal of Cancer, 104 (4), 418-424. Chung, C.Y., Hsu, N.C., Horng, H.C. and Chang, C.S. (2003), Successful treatment for multiple cerebral hemorrhage in a newly diagnosed patient with acute promyelocytic leukemia. Leukemia & Lymphoma, 44 (6), 1059-1061. Asou, N. (2003), The role of a Runt domain transcription factor AML1/RUNX1 in leukemogenesis and its clinical implications. Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology, 45 (2), 129-150. Prus, E. and Fibach, E. (2003), Retinoic acid induction of CD38 antigen expression on normal and leukemic human myeloid cells: Relationship with cell differentiation. Leukemia & Lymphoma, 44 (4), 691-698. Teraishi, F., Kadowaki, Y., Tango, Y., Kawashima, T., Umeoka, T., Kagawa, S., Tanaka, N. and Fujiwara, T. (2003), Ectopic p21(sdi1) gene transfer induces retinoic acid receptor beta expression and sensitizes human cancer cells to retinoid treatment. International Journal of Cancer, 103 (6), 833-839. Moreno, I., Martin, G., Bolufer, P., Barragan, E., Rueda, E., Roman, J., Fernandez, P., Leon, P., Mena, A., Cervera, J., Torres, A. and Sanz, M.A. (2003), Incidence and prognostic value of FLT3 internal tandem duplication and D835 mutations in acute myeloid leukemia. Haematologica, 88 (1), 19-24. Truong, B.T.H., Lee, Y.J., Lodie, T.A., Park, D.J., Perrotti, D., Watanabe, N., Koeffler, H.P., Nakajima, H., Tenen, D.G. and Kogan, S.C. (2003), CCAAT/enhancer binding proteins repress the leukemic phenotype of acute myeloid leukemia. Blood, 101 (3), 1141-1148. Rowley, J.D. (2001), Chromosome translocations: dangerous liaisons revisited. Nature Reviews Cancer, 1 (3), 245-250. Zhu, J., Chen, Z., Lallemand-Breitenbach, V. and de The, H. (2002), How acute promyelocytic leukaemia revived arsenic. Nature Reviews Cancer, 2 (9), 705-713. Lee, D.S., Lee, Y.S., Kim, Y.R., Han, K.S., Park, K.U., She, C.J., Kim, E.C., Park, S.Y. and Cho, H.I. (2002), RARA fluorescence in situ hybridization overcomes the drawback of PML/RARA fluorescence in situ hybridization in follow-up of acute promyelocytic leukemia. Cancer Genetics and Cytogenetics, 139 (2), 104-108. Soprano, K.J. and Soprano, D.R. (2002), Retinoic acid receptors and cancer. Journal of Nutrition, 132 (12), 3809S-3813S. Hirano, T., Kizaki, M., Kato, K., Abe, F., Masuda, N. and Umezawa, K. (2002), Enhancement of sensitivity by bestatin of acute promyelocytic leukemia NB4 cells to all-trans retinoic acid. Leukemia Research , 26 (12), 1097-1103. Okuno, M., Moriwaki, H., Matsushima-Nishiwaki, R., Sano, T., Adachi, S., Akita, K. and Kojima, S. (2002), Retinoid-induced apoptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma: A molecular basis for " clonal deletion" therapy. Growth, Proliferation, and Apoptosis in Hepatocytes, ), 33-39. Okuno, M., Kojima, S. and Moriwaki, H. (2001), Chemoprevention of hepatocellular carcinoma: Concept, progress and perspectives. Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, 16 (12), 1329-1335. Mata-Greenwood, E., Cuendet, M., Sher, D., Gustin, D., Stock, W. and Pezzuto, J.M. (2002), Brusatol-mediated induction of leukemic cell differentiation and G(1) arrest is associated with down-regulation of c-myc. Leukemia, 16 (11), 2275-2284. Niitsu, N., Higashihara, M. and Honma, Y. (2002), The catalytic DNA topoisomerase II inhibitor ICRF-193 and all-trans retinoic acid cooperatively induce granulocytic differentiation of acute promyelocytic leukemia cells: Candidate drugs for chemo-differentiation therapy against acute promyelocytic leukemia. Experimental Hematology, 30 (11), 1273-1282. Douer, D. (2002), New advances in the treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia. International Journal of Hematology, 76), 179-187. Kawamura, C., Kizaki, M., Fukuchi, Y. and Ikeda, Y. (2002), A metal chelator, diphenylthiocarbazone, induces apoptosis in acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) cells mediated by a caspase-dependent pathway without a modulation of retinoic acid signaling pathways. Leukemia Research, 26 (7), 661-668. Thomas, X. and Le, Q.H. (2002), Treatment of relapsed adult acute myeloid leukemia. Bulletin du Cancer, 89 (9), 795-807. Beard, R.L., Duong, T.T., Teng, M., Klein, E.S., Standevan, A.M. and Chandraratna, R.A.S. (2002), Synthesis and biological activity of retinoic acid receptor-alpha specific amides. Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters, 12 (21), 3145-3148. Collins, S.J. (2002), The role of retinoids and retinoic acid receptors in normal hematopoiesis. Leukemia, 16 (10), 1896-1905. Strudwick, S. and Borden, K.L.B. (2002), Finding a role for PML in APL pathogenesis: a critical assessment of potential PML activities. Leukemia, 16 (10), 1906-1917. Lutz, P.G., Moog-Lutz, C. and Cayre, Y.E. (2002), Signaling revisited in acute promyelocytic leukemia. Leukemia, 16 (10), 1933-1939. Gallagher, R.E. (2002), Retinoic acid resistance in acute promyelocytic leukemia. Leukemia, 16 (10), 1940-1958. Mozziconacci, M.J., Rosenauer, A., Restouin, A., Fanelli, M., Shao, W.L., Fernandez, F., Toiron, Y., Viscardi, J., Gambacorti-Passerini, C., Miller, W.H. and Lafage-Pochitaloff, M. (2002), Molecular cytogenetics of the acute promyelocytic leukemia-derived cell line NB4 and of four all-trans retinoic acid-resistant subclones. Genes Chromosomes & Cancer, 35 (3), 261-270. Jackson, G.H. and Taylor, P.R.A. (2002), Acute myeloid leukaemia - Optimising treatment in elderly patients. Drugs & Aging, 19 (8), 571-581. Mellinghoff, I.K. and Sawyers, C.L. (2002), The emergence of resistance to targeted cancer therapeutics. Pharmacogenomics, 3 (5), 603-623. Battle, T.E. and Yen, A. (2002), Ectopic expression of CXCR5/BLR1 accelerates retinoic acid- and vitamin D-3-induced monocytic differentiation of U937 cells. Experimental Biology and Medicine, 227 (9), 753-762. Dejean, A. (2002), Retinoic acid nuclear receptors : a common molecular basis for liver cancer and acute promyelopytic leukemia. Bulletin de l Academie Nationale de Medecine, 186 (4), 751-757. Idres, N., Marill, J., Flexor, M.A. and Chabot, G.C. (2002), Activation of retinoic acid receptor-dependent transcription by all-trans-retinoic acid metabolites and isomers. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 277 (35), 31491-31498. Honma, Y. and Ishii, Y. (2002), Differentiation of human myeloid leukemia cells by plant redifferentiation-inducing hormones. Leukemia & Lymphoma, 43 (9), 1729-1735. Stone, R.M. (2002), New therapies in leukemia: Renewed hope. Journal of Hematotherapy & Stem Cell Research, 11 (4), 583-587. Muller, P., Kietz, S., Gustafsson, J.A. and Strom, A. (2002), The anti-estrogenic effect of all-trans-retinoic acid on the breast cancer cell line MCF-7 is dependent on HES-1 expression. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 277 (32), 28376-28379. Takahashi, N. (2002), Induction of cell differentiation and development of new anticancer drugs. Yakugaku Zasshi-Journal of the Pharmaceutical Society of Japan, 122 (8), 547-563. Kiyoi, H. and Naoe, T. (2002), FLT3 in human hematologic malignancies. Leukemia & Lymphoma, 43 (8), 1541-1547. Jing, Y.K., Xia, L.J. and Waxman, S. (2002), Targeted removal of PML-RAR alpha protein is required prior to inhibition of histone deacetylase for overcoming all-trans retinoic acid differentiation resistance in acute promyelocytic leukemia. Blood, 100 (3), 1008-1013. Siu, B.L., Alonzo, M.R., Vargo, T.A. and Fenrich, A.L. (2002), Transient dilated cardiomyopathy in a newborn exposed to idarubicin and all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA) early in the second trimester of pregnancy. International Journal of Gynecological Cancer, 12 (4), 399-402. Koistinen, P., Zheng, A., Saily, M., Siitonen, T., Mantymaa, P. and Savolainen, E.R. (2002), Superior effect of 9-cis retinoic acid (RA) compared with all-trans RA and 13-cis RA on the inhibition of clonogenic cellgrowth and the induction of apoptosis in OCI/AML-2 subclones: is the p53 pathway involved? British Journal of Haematology, 118 (2), 401-410. Niitsu, N., Higashihara, M. and Honma, Y. (2002), Human B-cell lymphoma cell lines are highly sensitive to apoptosis induced by all-trans retinoic acid and interferon-gamma. Leukemia Research, 26 (8), 745-755. Pan, X.Q., Zheng, X., Shi, G.F., Wang, H.Q., Ratnam, M. and Lee, R.J. (2002), Strategy for the treatment of acute myelogenous leukemia based on folate receptor beta-targeted liposomal doxorubicin combined with receptor induction using all-trans retinoic acid. Blood, 100 (2), 594-602. Herault, O., Domenech, J., Georget, M.T., Clement, N., Colombat, P. and Binet, C. (2002), All-trans retinoic acid prevents apoptosis of human marrow CD34(+) cells deprived of haematopoietic growth factors. British Journal of Haematology, 118 (1), 289-295. Jinno, H., Steiner, M.G., Nason-Burchenal, K., Osborne, M.P. and Telang, N.T. (2002), Preventive efficacy of receptor class selective retinoids on HER-2/neu oncogene expressing preneoplastic human mammary epithelial cells. International Journal of Oncology, 21 (1), 127-134. Asou, H., Koshizuka, K., Kyo, T., Takata, N., Kamada, N. and Koeffler, H.P. (2002), Resveratrol, a natural product derived from grapes, is a new inducer of differentiation in human myeloid leukemias. International Journal of Hematology, 75 (5), 528-533. Ozpolat, B. and Lopez-Berestein, G. (2002), Liposomal-all-trans-retinoic acid in treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia. Leukemia & Lymphoma, 43 (5), 933-941. Honma, Y. (2002), Cotylenin A - A plant growth regulator as a differentiation-inducing agent against myeloid leukemia. Leukemia & Lymphoma, 43 (6), 1169-1178. Yasuda, I., Shiratori, Y., Adachi, S., Obora, A., Takemura, M., Okuno, M., Shidoji, Y., Seishima, M., Muto, Y. and Moriwaki, H. (2002), Acyclic retinoid induces partial differentiation, down-regulates telomerase reverse transcriptase mRNA expression and telomerase activity, and induces apoptosis in human hepatoma-derived cell lines. Journal of Hepatology, 36 (5), 660-671. Gu, B.W., Xiong, H., Zhou, Y., Chen, B., Wang, L., Dong, S., Yu, Z.Y., Lu, L.F., Zhong, M., Yin, H.F., Zhu, G.F., Huang, W., Ren, S.X., Gallagher, R.E., Waxman, S., Chen, G.Q., Wang, Z.G., Chen, Z., Fu, G. and Chen, S.J. (2002), Variant-type PML-RAR alpha fusion transcript in acute promyelocytic leukemia: Use of a cryptic coding sequence from intron 2 of the RAR alpha gene and identification of a new clinical subtype resistant to retinoic acid therapy. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 99 (11), 7640-7645. Sakamoto, O., Yoshinari, M., Rikiishi, T., Fujiwara, I., Imaizumi, M., Tsuchiya, S. and Iinuma, K. (2001), Hypercalcemia due to all-trans retinoic acid therapy for acute promyelocytic leukemia: A case report of effective treatment with bisphosphonate. Pediatrics International, 43 (6), 688-690. Scandura, J.M., Boccuni, P., Cammenga, J. and Nimer, S.D. (2002), Transcription factor fusions in acute leukemia: variations on a theme. Oncogene, 21 (21), 3422-3444. Miller, W.H. and Waxman, S. (2002), Differentiation induction as a treatment for hematologic malignancies. Oncogene, 21 (21), 3496-3506. Pendino, F., Sahraoui, T., Lanotte, M. and Sega-Bendirdjian, E. (2002), A novel mechanism of retinoic acid resistance in acute promyelocytic leukemia cells through a defective pathway in telomerase regulation. Leukemia, 16 (5), 826-832. Rybner, C., Hillion, J., Sahraoui, T., Lanotte, M. and Botti, J. (2002), All-trans retinoic acid down-regulates prion protein expression independently of granulocyte maturation. Leukemia, 16 (5), 940-948. Sharma, R.A. (2002), The advancement of cancer chemoprevention by revision of clinical trial strategies. Panminerva Medica, 44 (1), 41-45. Prufer, K., Schroder, C., Hegyi, K. and Barsony, J. (2002), Degradation of RXRs influences sensitivity of rat osteosarcoma cells to the antiproliferative effects of calcitriol. Molecular Endocrinology, 16 (5), 961-976. Strudwick, S. and Borden, K.L.B. (2002), The emerging roles of translation factor eIF4E in the nucleus. Differentiation, 70 (1), 10-22. Hummel, J.L., Zhang, T., Wells, R.A. and Kamel-Reid, S. (2002), The retinoic acid receptor alpha (RAR alpha) chimeric proteins PML-, PLZF-, NPM-, and NuMA-RAR alpha have distinct intracellular localization patterns. Cell Growth & Differentiation, 13 (4), 173-183. Lu, D.P., Qiu, J.Y., Jiang, B., Wang, Q., Liu, K.Y., Liu, Y.R. and Chen, S.S. (2002), Tetra-arsenic tetra-sulfide for the treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia: a pilot report. Blood, 99 (9), 3136-3143. Soignet, S.L. (2001), Clinical experience of arsenic trioxide in relapsed acute promyelocytic leukemia. Oncologist, 6), 11-16. Fontana, J.A. and Rishi, A.K. (2002), Classical and novel retinoids: their targets in cancer therapy. Leukemia, 16 (4), 463-472. Ohnishi, K., Yoshida, H., Shigeno, K., Nakamura, S., Fujisawa, S., Naito, K., Shinjo, K., Fujita, Y., Matsui, H., Sahara, N., Takeshita, A., Satoh, H., Terada, H. and Ohno, R. (2002), Arsenic trioxide therapy for relapsed or refractory Japanese patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia: need for careful electrocardiogram monitoring. Leukemia, 16 (4), 617-622. Slack, J.L., Waxman, S., Tricot, G., Tallman, M.S. and Bloomfield, C.D. (2002), Advances in the management of acute promyelocytic leukemia and other hematologic malignancies with arsenic trioxide. Oncologist, 7), 1-13. Odani, T., Kohroki, J., Nakanishi, T., Itoh, N., Muto, N. and Tanaka, K. (2000), Enhancement by dimethyl sulfoxide of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3-)induced differentiation in human promyelocytic HL-60 leukemia cells requires dimethyl sulfoxide-induced G(0)/G(1) arrest. Research Communications in Molecular Pathology and Pharmacology, 108 (5-6), 381-391. Cellai, C., Laurenzana, A., Vannucchi, A.M., la Malva, N., Bianchi, L. and Paoletti, F. (2002), Specific PAF antagonist WEB-2086 induces terminal differentiation of murine and human leukemia cells. Faseb Journal, 16 (3), 733-+. Kagechika, H. (2002), Novel synthetic retinoids and separation of the pleiotropic retinoidal activities. Current Medicinal Chemistry, 9 (5), 591-608. Le Beau, M.M., Bitts, S., Davis, E.M. and Kogan, S.C. (2002), Recurring chromosomal abnormalities in leukemia in PML-RARA transgenic mice parallel human acute promyelocytic leukemia. Blood, 99 (8), 2985-2991. Ohashi, E., Inoue, K., Kagechika, H., Hong, S.H., Nakagawa, T., Takahashi, T., Mochizuki, M., Nishimura, R. and Sasaki, N. (2002), Effect of natural and synthetic retinoids on the proliferation and differentiation of three canine melanoma cell lines. Journal of Veterinary Medical Science, 64 (2), 169-172. Douer, D. (2002), Advances in the treatment of relapsed acute promyelocytic leukemia. Acta Haematologica, 107 (1), 1-17. Maeno, T., Tanaka, T., Sando, Y., Suga, T., Maeno, Y., Nakagawa, J., Hosono, T., Sato, M., Akiyama, H., Kishi, S., Nagai, R. and Kurabayashi, M. (2002), Stimulation of vascular endothelial growth factor gene transcription by all trans retinoic acid through Sp1 and Sp3 sites in human bronchioloalveolar carcinoma cells. American Journal of Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology, 26 (2), 246-253. Zhao, W.L., Chen, S.J., Shen, Y., Xu, L., Cai, X., Chen, G.Q., Shen, Z.X., Chen, Z. and Wang, Z.Y. (2001), Treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia with arsenic trioxide: Clinical and basic studies. Leukemia & Lymphoma, 42 (6), 1265-1273. Tallman, M.S., Nabhan, C., Feusner, J.H. and Rowe, J.M. (2002), Acute promyelocytic leukemia: evolving therapeutic strategies. Blood, 99 (3), 759-767. Zhu, Q., Zhang, J.W., Zhu, H.Q., Shen, Y.L., Flexor, M., Jia, P.M., Yu, Y., Cai, X., Waxman, S., Lanotte, M., Chen, S.J., Chen, Z. and Tong, J.H. (2002), Synergic effects of arsenic trioxide and cAMP during acute promyelocytic leukemia cell maturation subtends a novel signaling cross-talk. Blood, 99 (3), 1014-1022. Masuda, H., Saeki, Y., Nomura, M., Shida, K., Matsumoto, M., Ui, M., Lanier, L.L. and Seya, T. (2002), High levels of RAE-1 isoforms on mouse tumor cell lines assessed by anti-" pan" RAE-1 antibody confer tumor susceptibility to NK cells. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 290 (1), 140-145. Jung, J.I., Choi, J.E., Hahn, S.T., Min, C.K., Kim, C.C. and Park, S.H. (2002), Radiologic features of all-trans-retinoic acid syndrome. American Journal of Roentgenology, 178 (2), 475-480. Koh, L.P., Goh, Y.T., Teoh, G. and Tan, P. (2001), Treatment of acute promyelocytic leukaemia using a combination of all-trans retinoic acid and chemotherapy. Annals Academy of Medicine Singapore, 30 (4), 401-408. Kuriyama, K. (2001), Arsenic trioxide newly joins treatment strategies for acute promyelocytic leukemia. Internal Medicine, 40 (12), 1165. Okuno, M., Kojima, S., Akita, K., Matsushima-Nishiwaki, R., Adachi, S., Sano, T., Takano, Y., Takai, K., Obora, A., Yasuda, I., Shiratori, Y., Okano, Y., Shimada, J., Suzuki, Y., Muto, Y. and Moriwaki, H. (2002), Retinoids in liver fibrosis and cancer. Frontiers in Bioscience, 7), D204-D218. Mata-Greenwood, E., Daeuble, J.F., Grieco, P.A., Dou, J., McChesney, J.D., Mehta, R.G., Kinghorn, A.D. and Pezzuto, J.M. (2001), Novel esters of glaucarubolone as inducers of terminal differentiation of promyelocytic HL-60 cells and inhibitors of 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene-induced preneoplastic lesion formation in mouse mammary organ culture. Journal of Natural Products, 64 (12), 1509-1513. Guibal, F.C., Moog-Lutz, C., Smolewski, P., Di Gioia, Y., Darzynkiewicz, Z., Lutz, P.G. and Cayre, Y.E. (2002), ASB-2 inhibits growth and promotes commitment in myeloid leukemia cells. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 277 (1), 218-224. Kawa, S., Nikaido, T., Unno, H., Usuda, N., Nakayama, K. and Kiyosawa, K. (2002), Growth inhibition and differentiation of pancreatic cancer cell lines by PPAR gamma ligand troglitazone. Pancreas, 24 (1), 1-7. Suwanai, H., Matsushita, H., Kobayashi, H., Ikeda, Y. and Kizaki, M. (2002), A novel therapeutic technology of specific RNA inhibition for acute promyelocytic leukemia: Improved design of maxizymes against PML/RAR alpha mRNA. International Journal of Oncology, 20 (1), 127-130. Reynolds, C.P. and Lemons, R.S. (2001), Retinoid therapy of childhood cancer. Hematology-Oncology Clinics of North America, 15 (5), 867-+. Drouin, A., Schmitt, A., Masse, J.M., Cieutat, A.M., Fichelson, S. and Cramer, E.M. (2001), Identification of PML oncogenic domains (PODs) in human megakaryocytes. Experimental Cell Research, 271 (2), 277-285. Abdullaev, F. (2001), Plant-derived agents against cancer. Pharmacology and Therapeutics in the New Millennium, ), 345-354. Kawa, S. and Kiyosawa, K. (2001), Growth inhibition of pancreatic cancer cell lines by ligand activation of nuclear hormone receptors through up-expression of WAF1/CIP1/p21. Trends in Gastroenterology and Hepatology - Millennium 2000, ), 147-152. Ayyildiz, O., Aybak, M., Tiftik, N. and Muftuoglu, E. (2000), All-trans retinoic acid: Treatment and toxicity in acute promyelocytic leukemia. 12Th Mediterranean Congress of Chemotherapy, ), 149-153. Horie, N., Komada, Y., Ueta, Y., Suzuki, T., Nozawa, R. and Takeishi, K. (2001), Characterization of nuclear factors that bind to the human thymidylate synthase gene in HL-60 cells differentiated by all-trans retinoic acid treatment. Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin, 24 (12), 1351-1355. Ward, J.O., McConnell, M.J., Carlile, G.W., Pandolfi, P.P., Licht, J.D. and Freedman, L.P. (2001), The acute promyelocytic leukemia-associated protein, promyelocytic leukemia zinc finger, regulates 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D-3-induced monocytic differentiation of U937 cells through a physical interaction with vitamin D-3 receptor. Blood, 98 (12), 3290-3300. Nara, E., Hayashi, H., Kotake, M., Miyashita, K. and Nagao, A. (2001), Acyclic carotenoids and their oxidation mixtures inhibit the growth of HL-60 human promyelocytic leukemia cells. Nutrition and Cancer-An International Journal, 39 (2), 273-283. Tamagawa, K., Shimizu, K., Ebine, T., Maitani, Y., Fukui, T., Kawai, K. and Takahashi, N. (2001), Antitumor efficacy in vitro and in vivo of falconensones, a new type of polyene. Clinical Cancer Research, 7 (11), 3551-3558. Tallman, M.S. (2001), Arsenic trioxide: its role in acute promyelocytic leukemia and potential in other hematologic malignancies. Blood Reviews, 15 (3), 133-142. de The, H. and Chelbi-Alix, M.K. (2001), APL, a model disease for cancer therapies? Oncogene, 20 (49), 7136-7139. Degos, L. and Wang, Z.Y. (2001), All trans retinoic acid in acute promyelocytic leukemia. Oncogene, 20 (49), 7140-7145. Benoit, G., Roussel, M., Pendino, F., Segal-Bendirdjian, E. and Lanotte, M. (2001), Orchestration of multiple arrays of signal cross-talk and combinatorial interactions for maturation and cell death: another vision of t(15;17) preleukemic blast and APL-cell maturation. Oncogene, 20 (49), 7161-7177. Lin, R.J., Sternsdorf, T., Tini, M. and Evans, R.M. (2001), Transcriptional regulation in acute promyelocytic leukemia. Oncogene, 20 (49), 7204-7215. Jensen, K., Shiels, C. and Freemont, P.S. (2001), PML protein isoforms and the RBCC/TRIM motif. Oncogene, 20 (49), 7223-7233. Liu, S., Wu, Q., Che, Z.M. and Su, W.J. (2001), The effect pathway of retinoic acid through regulation of retinoic acid receptor alpha in gastric cancer cells. World Journal of Gastroenterology, 7 (5), 662-666. Zheng, X., Chang, R.L., Cui, X.X., Kelly, K.A., Shih, W.C.J., Lin, Y., Strair, R., Suh, J., Han, Z.T., Rabson, A. and Conney, A.H. (2001), Synergistic effects of clinically achievable concentrations of 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate in combination with all-trans retinoic acid, 1 alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D-3, and sodium butyrate on differentiation in HL-60 cells. Oncology Research, 12 (9-10), 419-427. Jurcic, J.G., Nimer, S.D., Scheinberg, D.A., DeBlasio, T., Warrell, R.P. and Miller, W.H. (2001), Prognostic significance of minimal residual disease detection and PML/RAR-alpha isoform type: long-term follow-up in acute promyelocytic leukemia. Blood, 98 (9), 2651-2656. Cassinat, B., Chevret, S., Zassadowski, F., Balitrand, N., Guillemot, I., Menot, M.L., Degos, L., Fenaux, P. and Chomienne, C. (2001), In vitro all-trans retinoic acid sensitivity of acute promyelocytic leukemia blasts: a novel indicator of poor patient outcome. Blood, 98 (9), 2862-2864. Perentesis, J.P. and Sievers, E.L. (2001), Targeted therapies for high-risk acute myeloid leukemia. Hematology-Oncology Clinics of North America, 15 (4), 677-+. Lengfelder, E., Hehlmann, R. and Buchner, T. (2001), Current therapeutic concept of acute promyelocytic leukaemia. Deutsche Medizinische Wochenschrift, 126 (39), 1073-1079. Asou, N., Adachi, K., Tamura, J., Kanamaru, A., Kageyama, S., Hiraoka, A., Omoto, E., Akiyama, H., Tsubaki, K., Saito, K., Kuriyama, K., Oh, H., Kitano, K., Miyawaki, S., Takeyama, K., Yamada, O., Nishikawa, K., Takahashi, M., Matsuda, S., Ohtake, S. and Ohno, R. (2001), Analysis of prognostic factors in newly diagnosed patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia: the APL92 study of the Japan Adult Leukemia Study Group (JALSG). Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology, 48), S65-S71. Yamada, K., Honma, Y., Asahi, K., Sassa, T., Hino, K. and Tomoyasu, S. (2001), Differentiation of human acute myeloid leukaemia cells in primary culture in response to cotylenin A, a plant growth regulator. British Journal of Haematology, 114 (4), 814-821. Okuno, M., Sano, T., Matsushima-Nishiwaki, R., Adachi, S., Akita, K., Okano, Y., Kojima, S. and Moriwaki, H. (2001), Apoptosis induction by acyclic retinoid: a molecular basis of 'clonal deletion' therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma. Japanese Journal of Clinical Oncology, 31 (8), 359-362. Savchenko, V.G., Parovichnikova, E.N., Isaev, V.G., Demidova, I.A., Olshanskaya, Y.V., Kucher, R.A., Sokolov, A.N., Ustinova, E.N., Gribanova, E.O., Pivnik, A.V., Tikhonova, L.Y., Konstantinova, T.S., Cherepanova, V.V., Lapin, V.A., Milyutina, G.I., Zheltukhina, L.N., Perekatova, T.N., Belousov, E.A., Filatov, L.B., Obidina, N.A., Tumakov, V.A. and Frolova, G.L. (2001), Acute promyelocytic leukemias: The epoch of new knowledge and advances. Gematologiya I Transfuziologiya, 46 (3), 26-34. Alcalay, M., Orleth, A., Sebastiani, C., Meani, N., Chiaradonna, F., Casciari, C., Sciurpi, M.T., Gelmetti, V., Riganelli, D., Minucci, S., Fagioli, M. and Pelicci, P.G. (2001), Common themes in the pathogenesis of acute myeloid leukemia. Oncogene, 20 (40), 5680-5694. Wada, M., Fukui, T., Kubo, Y. and Takahashi, N. (2001), Formation of retinoyl-CoA in rat tissues. Journal of Biochemistry, 130 (3), 457-463. Hicsonmez, G., Cetin, M., Yenicesu, I., Olcay, L., Koc, A., Aktas, D., Tuncbilek, E. and Tuncer, K.M. (2001), Evaluation of children with myelodysplastic syndrome: Importance of extramedullary disease as a presenting symptom. Leukemia & Lymphoma, 42 (4), 665-674. Takeshita, A., Shigeno, K., Shinjo, K., Naito, K., Ohnishi, K., Hayashi, H., Tanimoto, M. and Ohno, R. (2001), All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) differentiates acute promyelocytic leukemia cells independently of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) related multidrug resistance. Leukemia & Lymphoma, 42 (4), 739-+. Xu, L., Zhao, W.L., Xiong, S.M., Su, X.Y., Zhao, M., Wang, C., Gao, Y.R., Niu, C., Cao, Q., Gu, B.W., Zhu, Y.M., Gu, J., Hu, J., Yan, H., Shen, Z.X., Chen, Z. and Chen, S.J. (2001), Molecular cytogenetic characterization and clinical relevance of additional, complex and/or variant chromosome abnormalities in acute promyelocytic leukemia. Leukemia, 15 (9), 1359-1368. Nabhan, C., Mehta, J. and Tallman, M.S. (2001), The role of bone marrow transplantation in acute promyelocytic leukemia. Bone Marrow Transplantation, 28 (3), 219-226. Lichtman, M.A. (2001), Differentiation versus maturation of neoplastic hematopoietic cells: An important distinction. Blood Cells Molecules and Diseases, 27 (3), 649-652. Zhang, L.P., Jiang, J.K., Tam, J.W.O., Zhang, Y., Liu, X.S., Xu, X.R., Liu, B.Z. and He, Y.J. (2001), Effects of Matrine on proliferation and differentiation in K-562 cells. Leukemia Research, 25 (9), 793-800. Sharma, R.A., Gescher, A.J., O'Byrne, K.J. and Steward, W.P. (2001), Familiar drugs may prevent cancer. Postgraduate Medical Journal, 77 (910), 492-497. Muto, A., Kizaki, M., Kawamura, C., Matsushita, H., Fukuchi, Y., Umezawa, A., Yamada, T., Hata, J., Hozumi, N., Yamato, K., Ito, M., Ueyama, Y. and Ikeda, Y. (2001), A novel differentiation-inducing therapy for acute promyelocytic leukemia with a combination of arsenic trioxide and GM-CSF. Leukemia, 15 (8), 1176-1184. Danilenko, M., Wang, X.N. and Studzinski, G.P. (2001), Carnosic acid and promotion of monocytic differentiation of HL60-G cells initiated by other agents. Journal of the National Cancer Institute, 93 (16), 1224-1233. Mata-Greenwood, E., Ito, A., Westenburg, H., Cui, B.L., Mehta, R.G., Kinghorn, A.D. and Pezzuto, J.M. (2001), Discovery of novel inducers of cellular differentiation using HL-60 promyelocytic cells. Anticancer Research, 21 (3B), 1763-1770. Mann, G., Reinhardt, D., Ritter, J., Hermann, J., Schmitt, K., Gadner, H. and Creutzig, U. (2001), Treatment with all-trans retinoic acid in acute promyelocytic leukemia reduces early deaths in children. Annals of Hematology, 80 (7), 417-422. Estey, E., Koller, C., Cortes, J., Reed, P., Freireich, E., Giles, F. and Kantarjian, H. (2001), Treatment of newly-diagnosed acute promyelocytic leukemia with liposomal all-trans retinoic acid. Leukemia & Lymphoma, 42 (3), 309-316. Takayama, N., Kizaki, M., Hida, T., Kinjo, K. and Ikeda, Y. (2001), Novel mutation in the PML/RAR alpha chimeric gene exhibits dramatically decreased ligand-binding activity and confers acquired resistance to retinoic acid in acute promyelocytic leukemia. Experimental Hematology, 29 (7), 864-872. Burgaleta, C., de Miguel, D., Rubio, M.L., Krsnik, I. and Suarez, J.G. (2001), Myeloid natural killer cell leukemia resembling a variant of acute promyelocytic leukemia. Haematologica, 86 (7), 765-766. McCormick, F. (2001), New-age drug meets resistance. Nature, 412 (6844), 281-282. Maeda, H., Hori, S., Nishitoh, H., Ichijo, H., Ogawa, O., Kakehi, Y. and Kakizuka, A. (2001), Tumor growth inhibition by arsenic trioxide (As2O3) in the orthotopic metastasis model of androgen-independent prostate cancer. Cancer Research, 61 (14), 5432-5440. Asakura, H., Aoshima, K., Ichino, T., Suga, Y., Saito, M., Morishita, E., Yamazaki, M., Ontachi, Y., Mizutani, T., Kato, M., Miyamoto, K.I. and Nakao, S. (2001), All-trans retinoic acid is partially effective against lipopolysaccharide-induced but not against tissue-factor-induced disseminated intravascular coagulation in rat models. Blood Coagulation & Fibrinolysis, 12 (4), 301-306. Moog-Lutz, C., Peterson, E.J., Lutz, P.G., Eliason, S., Cave-Riant, F., Singer, A., Di Gioia, Y., Dmowski, S., Kamens, J., Cayre, Y.E. and Koretzky, G. (2001), PRAM-1 is a novel adaptor protein regulated by retinoic acid (RA) and promyelocytic leukemia (PML)-RA receptor alpha in acute promyelocytic leukemia cells. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 276 (25), 22375-22381. Tefferi, A., Mesa, R.R., Schroeder, G., Hanson, C.A., Li, C.Y. and Dewald, G.W. (2001), Cytogenetic findings and their clinical relevance in myelofibrosis with myeloid metaplasia. British Journal of Haematology, 113 (3), 763-771. Chauffaille, M.L.L.F., Figueiredo, M.S., Beltrani, R., Antunes, S.V., Yamamoto, M. and Kerbauy, J. (2001), Acute promyelocytic leukemia: the study of t(15;17) translocation by fluorescent in situ hybridization, reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction and cytogenetic techniques. Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research, 34 (6), 735-743. Chen, F. and Studzinski, G.P. (2001), Expression of the neuronal cyclin-dependent kinase 5 activator p35Nck5a in human monocytic cells is associated with differentiation. Blood, 97 (12), 3763-3767. Tzimas, G. and Nau, H. (2001), The role of metabolism and toxicokinetics in retinoid teratogenesis. Current Pharmaceutical Design, 7 (9), 803-831. Zhao, W.L., Wang, H.L., Wang, X.F., Wu, P., Guo, W.M., Qu, B., Shen, Z.X. and Wang, Z.Y. (2001), Effects of all-trans-retinoic acid and arsenic trioxide on the hemostatic disturbance associated with acute promyelocytic leukemia. Thrombosis Research, 102 (3), 197-204. Lutz, P.G., Houzel-Charavel, A., Moog-Lutz, C. and Cayre, Y.E. (2001), Myeloblastin is an Myb target gene: mechanisms of regulation in myeloid leukemia cells growth-arrested by retinoic acid. Blood, 97 (8), 2449-2456. Merritt, G., Aliprandis, E.T., Prada, F., Rigas, B. and Kashfi, K. (2001), The retinoid fenretinide inhibits proliferation and downregulates cyclooxygenase-2 gene expression in human colon adenocarcinoma cell lines. Cancer Letters, 164 (1), 15-23. Suzuki, H., Imaizumi, M., Sato, A., Yoshinari, M., Rikiishi, T., Endo, M., Takano, T., Shimizu, T., Hatae, Y., Fujimoto, T., Hayashi, Y. and Iinuma, K. (2001), Monitoring of minimal residual disease in children with acute promyelocytic leukemia by RT-PCR detecting PML/RAR alpha chimeric gene: A retrospective study of clinical feasibility. Tohoku Journal of Experimental Medicine, 193 (2), 127-139. Dash, A. and Gilliland, D.G. (2001), Molecular genetics of acute myeloid leukaemia. Best Practice & Research Clinical Haematology, 14 (1), 49-64. Fenaux, P., Chomienne, C. and Degos, L. (2001), Treatment of acute promyelocytic leukaemia. Best Practice & Research Clinical Haematology, 14 (1), 153-174. Chim, C.S., Liang, R., Tam, C.Y.Y. and Kwong, Y.L. (2001), Methylation of p15 and p16 genes in acute promyelocytic leukemia: Potential diagnostic and prognostic significance. Journal of Clinical Oncology, 19 (7), 2033-2040. Jurcic, J.G. (2001), Antibody therapy for residual disease in acute myelogenous leukemia. Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology, 38 (1), 37-45. Yamamoto-Yamaguchi, Y., Yamada, K., Ishii, Y., Asahi, K., Tomoyasu, S. and Honma, Y. (2001), Induction of the monocytic differentiation of myeloid leukaemia cells by cotylenin A, a plant growth regulator. British Journal of Haematology, 112 (3), 697-705. Crans, H.N. and Sakamoto, K.M. (2001), Transcription factors and translocations in lymphoid and myeloid leukemia. Leukemia, 15 (3), 313-331. Choi, Y., Kim, S.Y., Kim, S.H., Lee, K.S., Kim, C. and Byun, Y. (2001), Long-term delivery of all-trans-retinoic acid using biodegradable PLLA/PEG-PLLA blended microspheres. International Journal of Pharmaceutics, 215 (1-2), 67-81. Lehmann, S., Paul, C. and Torma, H. (2001), Retinoid receptor expression and its correlation to retinoid sensitivity in non-M3 acute myeloid leukemia blast cells. Clinical Cancer Research, 7 (2), 367-373. Asakura, H., Aoshima, K., Suga, Y., Yamazaki, M., Morishita, E., Saito, M., Miyamoto, K. and Nakao, S. (2001), Beneficial effect of the active form of vitamin D-3 against LPS-induced DIC but not against tissue-factor-induced DIC in rat models. Thrombosis and Haemostasis, 85 (2), 287-290. Tsuneyoshi, N., Fukudome, K., Horiguchi, S., Ye, X.F., Matsuzaki, M., Toi, M., Suzuki, K. and Kimoto, M. (2001), Expression and anticoagulant function of the endothelial cell protein C receptor (EPCR) in cancer cell lines. Thrombosis and Haemostasis, 85 (2), 356-361. Hu, X., Li, Y. and Lazar, M.A. (2001), Determinants of CoRNR-dependent repression complex assembly on nuclear hormone receptors. Molecular and Cellular Biology, 21 (5), 1747-1758. Alsayed, Y., Uddin, S., Mahmud, N., Lekmine, F., Kalvakolanu, D.V., Minucci, S., Bokoch, G. and Platanias, L.C. (2001), Activation of Rac1 and the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway in response to all-trans-retinoic acid. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 276 (6), 4012-4019. Honma, Y., Ishii, Y., Kasukabe, T., Okabe-Kado, J., Yamamoto-Yamaguchi, Y., Kakegawa, T. and Awaya, A. (2001), Induction of differentiation of human myeloid leukemia cells by novel synthetic neurotrophic pyrimidine derivatives. Experimental Hematology, 29 (2), 194-201. Niitsu, N., Hayashi, Y., Sugita, K. and Honma, Y. (2001), Sensitization by 5-aza-2 '-deoxycytidine of leukaemia cells with MLL abnormalities to induction of differentiation by all-trans retinoic acid and 1 alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D-3. British Journal of Haematology, 112 (2), 315-326. Shearer, P.D. and Pui, C.H. (2001), The walls of a spacious room. Medical and Pediatric Oncology, 36 (2), 312-313. Battle, T.E., Roberson, M.S., Zhang, T., Varvayanis, S. and Yen, A. (2001), Retinoic acid-induced blr1 expression requires RAR alpha, RXR, and MAPK activation and uses ERK2 but not JNK/SAPK to accelerate cell differentiation. European Journal of Cell Biology, 80 (1), 59-67. Idres, N., Benoit, G., Flexor, M.A., Lanotte, M. and Chabot, G.G. (2001), Granulocytic differentiation of human NB4 promyelocytic leukemia cells induced by all-trans retinoic acid metabolites. Cancer Research, 61 (2), 700-705. Fenaux, P., Chomienne, C. and Degos, L. (2001), All-trans retinoic acid and chemotherapy in the treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia. Seminars in Hematology, 38 (1), 13-25. Chen, Z., Chen, G.Q., Shen, Z.X., Chen, S.J. and Wang, Z.Y. (2001), Treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia with arsenic compounds: In vitro and in vivo studies. Seminars in Hematology, 38 (1), 26-36. Jansen, J.H. and Lowenberg, B. (2001), Acute promyelocytic leukemia with a PLZF-RAR alpha fusion protein. Seminars in Hematology, 38 (1), 37-41. Burmeister, T. and Thiel, E. (2001), Molecular genetics in acute and chronic leukemias. Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology, 127 (2), 80-90. Hara, M., Suzuki, S., Mori, J., Yamashita, K., Kumagai, M., Sakuma, T., Kakizawa, T., Takeda, T., Miyamoto, T., Ichikawa, K. and Hashizume, K. (2000), Thyroid hormone regulation of apoptosis induced by retinoic acid in promyeloleukemic HL-60 cells: Studies with retinoic acid receptor-specific and retinoid x receptor-specific ligands. Thyroid, 10 (12), 1023-1034. Niitsu, N., Hayashi, Y. and Honma, Y. (2001), Downregulation of MLL-CBP fusion gene expression is associated with differentiation of SN-1 cells with t(11;16)(q23;p13). Oncogene, 20 (3), 375-384. Parrado, A., Chomienne, C. and Padua, R.A. (2000), Retinoic acid receptor alpha (RAR alpha) mutations in human leukemia. Leukemia & Lymphoma, 39 (3-4), 271-282. Sumimoto, Y., Maeda, Y., Naiki, Y., Sono, H., Miyatake, J., Sakaguchi, M., Matsuda, M. and Kanamaru, A. (2000), Establishment of a myeloid cell line, YM711, characterized by retinoid resistance. Leukemia & Lymphoma, 39 (3-4), 373-+. Grobelny, J.V., Godwin, A.K. and Broccoli, D. (2000), ALT-associated PML bodies are present in viable cells and are enriched in cells in the G(2)/M phase of the cell cycle. Journal of Cell Science, 113 (24), 4577-4585. Shinjo, K., Takeshita, A., Ohnishi, K., Sakura, T., Miyawaki, S., Hiraoka, A., Takeuchi, M., Tomoyasu, S., Wakita, H., Ata, K., Fukutani, H., Ueda, R. and Ohno, R. (2000), Good prognosis of patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia who achieved second complete remission (CR) with a new retinoid, AM80, after relapse from CR induced by all-trans-retinoic acid. International Journal of Hematology, 72 (4), 470-473. Xu, X.C. (2001), Detection of altered retinoic acid receptor expression in tissue sections using in situ hybridization. Histology and Histopathology, 16 (1), 205-212. Mills, K.I. (2000), Differential display as an approach to study differentiation and differentiation therapy in AML. Hematological Oncology, 18 (4), 129-140. Niitsu, N., Ishii, Y., Matsuda, A. and Honma, Y. (2001), Induction of differentiation of acute promyelocytic leukemia cells by a cytidine deaminase-resistant analogue of 1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine, 1-(2-deoxy-2-methylene beta-D-erythro-pentofuranosyl)cytidine. Cancer Research, 61 (1), 178-185. El Marjou, M., Montalescot, V., Buzyn, A. and Geny, B. (2000), Modifications in phospholipase D activity and isoform expression occur upon maturation and differentiation in vivo and in vitro in human myeloid cells. Leukemia, 14 (12), 2118-2127. Douer, D., Estey, E., Santillana, S., Bennett, J.M., Lopez-Bernstein, G., Boehm, K. and Williams, T. (2001), Treatment of newly diagnosed and relapsed acute promyelocytic leukemia with intravenous liposomal all-trans retinoic acid. Blood, 97 (1), 73-80. Jing, Y.K., Wang, L., Xia, L.J., Chen, G.Q., Chen, Z., Miller, W.H. and Waxman, S. (2001), Combined effect of all-trans retinoic acid and arsenic trioxide in acute promyelocytic leukemia cells in vitro and in vivo. Blood, 97 (1), 264-269. Wang, K.C., Cheng, A.L., Chuang, S.E., Hsu, H.C. and Su, I.J. (2000), Retinoic acid-induced apoptotic pathway in T-cell lymphoma: Identification of four groups of genes with differential biological functions. Experimental Hematology, 28 (12), 1441-1450. Moriwaki, H., Okuno, M., Shiratori, Y., Yasuda, I. and Muto, Y. (2000), Clonal deletion, a novel strategy of cancer control that falls between cancer chemoprevention and cancer chemotherapy: A clinical experience in liver cancer. ), 97-103. Kizaki, M. (2000), A novel acute promyelocytic leukemia model: From cell to murine system. Cell Therapy, 5), 133-142. Niles, R.M. (2000), Recent advances in the use of vitamin A (retinoids) in the prevention and treatment of cancer. Nutrition , 16 (11-12), 1084-1089. Ohno, R. (2000), How high can we increase complete remission rate in adult acute myeloid leukemia? International Journal of Hematology, 72 (3), 272-279. Ariga, N., Moriya, T., Suzuki, T., Kimura, M., Ohuchi, N. and Sasano, H. (2000), Retinoic acid receptor and retinoid X receptor in ductal carcinoma in situ and intraductal proliferative lesions of the human breast. Japanese Journal of Cancer Research, 91 (11), 1169-1176. Agarwal, V.R., Bischoff, E.D., Hermann, T. and Lamph, W.W. (2000), Induction of adipocyte-specific gene expression is correlated with mammary tumor regression by the retinoid X receptor-ligand LGD1069 (targretin). Cancer Research, 60 (21), 6033-6038. Wang, X.J., Zhang, R., Liu, Z.H., Wang, X.Q., Ding, F., Guo, M.Z. and Wu, M. (2000), RAI, one candidate gene associated with differentiation of human lung adenocarcinoma cells. Science in China Series C-Life Sciences, 43 (5), 553-5U2. Grolleau, A., Wietzerbin, J. and Beretta, L. (2000), Defect in the regulation of 4E-BP1 and 2, two repressors of translation initiation, in the retinoid acid resistant cell lines, NB4-R1 and NE4-R2. Leukemia, 14 (11), 1909-1914. Tong, J.H., Fant, X., Benoit, G., Chen, S.J., Chen, Z. and Lanotte, M. (2000), Genomic organization of the JEM-1 (BLZF1) gene on human chromosome 1q24: Molecular cloning and analysis of its promoter region. Genomics, 69 (3), 380-390. Sato, H., Ishihara, S., Kawashima, K., Moriyama, N., Suetsugu, H., Kazumori, H., Okuyama, T., Rumi, M.A.K., Fukuda, R., Nagasue, N. and Kinoshita, Y. (2000), Expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)gamma in gastric cancer and inhibitory effects of PPAR gamma agonists. British Journal of Cancer, 83 (10), 1394-1400. Ikezoe, T., Daar, E.S., Hisatake, J., Taguchi, H. and Koeffler, H.P. (2000), HIV-1 protease inhibitors decrease proliferation and induce differentiation of human myelocytic leukemia cells. Blood, 96 (10), 3553-3559. Gamage, S.D., Bischoff, E.D., Burroughs, K.D., Lamph, W.W., Gottardis, M.M., Walker, C.L. and Fuchs-Young, R. (2000), Efficacy of LGD1069 (targretin), a retinoid X receptor-selective ligand, for treatment of uterine leiomyoma. Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, 295 (2), 677-681. Kohler, J.A., Imeson, J., Ellershaw, C. and Lie, S.O. (2000), A randomized trial of 13-Cis retinoic acid in children with advanced neuroblastoma after high-dose therapy. British Journal of Cancer, 83 (9), 1124-1127. Ora, I., Bondesson, L., Jonsson, C., Ljungberg, J., Porn-Ares, I., Garwicz, S. and Pahlman, S. (2000), Arsenic trioxide inhibits neuroblastoma growth in vivo and promotes apoptotic cell death in vitro. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 277 (1), 179-185. Villamor, N., Costa, D., Aymerich, M., Esteve, J., Carrio, A., Rozman, M., Aguilar, J.L., Falini, B., Montserrat, E., Campo, E. and Colomer, D. (2000), Rapid diagnosis of acute promyelocytic leukemia by analyzing the immunocytochemical pattern of the PML protein with the monoclonal antibody PG-M3. American Journal of Clinical Pathology, 114 (5), 786-792. Vodicka, P., Sevcikova, S., Smardova, J., Soucek, K. and Smarda, J. (2000), The effects of RAR alpha and RXR alpha proteins on growth, viability, and differentiation of v-MYB-transformed monoblasts. Blood Cells Molecules and Diseases, 26 (4), 395-406. Yamamoto, T., Yoneda, K., Ueta, E., Doi, S. and Osaki, T. (2000), Enhanced apoptosis of squamous cell carcinoma cells by interleukin-2-activated cytotoxic lymphocytes combined with radiation and anticancer drugs. European Journal of Cancer, 36 (15), 2007-2017. Hofmanova, J., Soucek, K., Dusek, L., Netikova, J. and Kozubik, A. (2000), Inhibition of cytochrome P-450 modulates all-trans-retinoic acid-induced differentiation and apoptosis of HL-60 cells. Cancer Detection and Prevention, 24 (4), 325-342. Amin, H.M., Ergin, M., Denning, M.F., Quevedo, M.E. and Alkan, S. (2000), Characterization of apoptosis induced by protein kinase C inhibitors and its modulation by the caspase pathway in acute promyelocytic leukaemia. British Journal of Haematology, 110 (3), 552-562. Hong, S.H., Kadosawa, T., Mochizuki, M., Matsunaga, S., Nishimura, R. and Sasaki, N. (2000), Effect of all-trans and 9-cis retinoic acid on growth and metastasis of xenotransplanted canine osteosarcoma cells in athymic mice. American Journal of Veterinary Research, 61 (10), 1241-1244. Hicsonmez, G. (2000), A novel approach to treatment with high-dose steroid as a differentiation inducer in children with acute myeloblastic leukemia. Pediatric Pathology & Molecular Medicine, 19 (4), 251-259. Ohta, K., Kawachi, E., Inoue, N., Fukasawa, H., Hashimoto, Y., Itai, A. and Kagechika, H. (2000), Retinoidal pyrimidinecarboxylic acids. Unexpected diaza-substituent effects in retinobenzoic acids. Chemical & Pharmaceutical Bulletin, 48 (10), 1504-1513. Jurcic, J.G. (2000), Antibody therapy of acute myelogenous leukemia. Cancer Biotherapy and Radiopharmaceuticals, 15 (4), 319-326. Doucas, V. (2000), The promyelocytic (PML) nuclear compartment and transcription control. Biochemical Pharmacology, 60 (8), 1197-1201. Shao, W.L., Rosenauer, A., Mann, K., Chang, C.P.B., Rachez, C., Freedman, L.P. and Miller, W.H. (2000), Ligand-inducible interaction of the DRTP/TRAP coactivator complex with retinoid receptors in retinoic acid-sensitive and -resistant acute promyelocytic leukemia cells. Blood, 96 (6), 2233-2239. Finch, R.A., Li, J.M., Chou, T.C. and Sartorelli, A.C. (2000), Maintenance of retinoic acid receptor alpha pools by granulocyte colony-stimulating factor and lithium chloride in all-trans retinoic acid-treated WEHI-3B leukemia cells: relevance to the synergistic induction of terminal differentiation. Blood, 96 (6), 2262-2268. Zhang, J.W., Gu, J., Wang, Z.Y., Chen, S.J. and Chen, Z. (2000), Mechanisms of all-trans retinoic acid-induced differentiation of acute promyelocytic leukemia cells. Journal of Biosciences, 25 (3), 275-284. Recchia, F., Sica, G., De Filippis, S., Rosselli, M., Saggio, G., Guerriero, G., Pompili, P. and Rea, S. (2000), Cisplatin, vindesine, mitomycin-C and 13-cis retinoic acid in the treatment of advanced non small cell lung cancer. A phase II pilot study. Anticancer Research, 20 (3B), 1985-1990. Yamamoto, D., Uemura, Y., Tanaka, K., Nakai, K., Yamamoto, C., Takemoto, H., Kamata, K., Hirata, H. and Hioki, K. (2000), Cycloprodigiosin hydrochloride, H+/Cl- symporter, induces apoptosis and differentiation in HL-60 cells. International Journal of Cancer, 88 (1), 121-128. Chatterjee, D., Pantazis, P., Li, G., Bremner, T.A., Hendrickson, E.A. and Wyche, J.H. (2000), Susceptibility to apoptosis is restored in human leukemia HCW-2 cells following induction and stabilization of the apoptotic effector Bak. Oncogene, 19 (36), 4108-4116. Honma, Y. and Niitsu, N. (2000), Vidarabine and 2-deoxycoformycin as antileukemic agents against monocytic leukemia. Leukemia & Lymphoma, 39 (1-2), 57-66. Katagiri, T., Miyazawa, K., Nishimaki, J., Yaguchi, M., Kawanishi, Y. and Ohyashiki, K. (2000), Combination of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor and low-dose cytosine arabinoside further enhances myeloid differentiation in leukemia cells in vitro. Leukemia & Lymphoma, 39 (1-2), 173-184. Salonen, J.H., Richardson, M.D., Gallacher, K., Issakainen, J., Helenius, H., Lehtonen, O.P. and Nikoskelainen, J. (2000), Fungal colonization of haematological patients receiving cytotoxic chemotherapy: emergence of azole-resistant Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Journal of Hospital Infection, 45 (4), 293-301. Shimizu, T. and Takeda, K. (2000), Induction of retinoic acid receptor-alpha by granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor in human myeloid leukemia cell lines. Cancer Research, 60 (16), 4544-4549. Douer, D. (2000), Transcription therapy for acute promyelocytic leukaemia. Expert Opinion on Investigational Drugs, 9 (2), 329-346. Maslak, P. and Scheinberg, D. (2000), Targeted therapies for the myeloid leukaemias. Expert Opinion on Investigational Drugs , 9 (6), 1197-1205. Lengfelder, E., Reichert, A., Schoch, C., Haase, D., Haferlach, T., Loffler, H., Staib, P., Heyll, A., Seifarth, W., Saussele, S., Fonatsch, C., Gassmann, W., Ludwig, W.D., Hochhaus, A., Beelen, D., Aul, C., Sauerland, M.C., Heinecke, A., Hehlmann, R., Wormann, B., Hiddemann, W. and Buchner, T. (2000), Double induction strategy including high dose cytarabine in combination with all-trans retinoic acid: effects in patients with newly diagnosed acute promyelocytic leukemia. Leukemia, 14 (8), 1362-1370. Fenaux, P., Chevret, S., Guerci, A., Fegueux, N., Dombret, H., Thomas, X., Sanz, M., Link, H., Maloisel, F., Gardin, C., Bordessoule, D., Stoppa, A.M., Sadoun, A., Muus, P., Wandt, H., Mineur, P., Whittaker, J.A., Fey, M., Daniel, M.T., Castaigne, S. and Degos, L. (2000), Long-term follow-up confirms the benefit of all-trans retinoic acid in acute promyelocytic leukemia. Leukemia, 14 (8), 1371-1377. Niles, R.M. (2000), Vitamin A and cancer. Nutrition, 16 (7-8), 573-576. Hansen, L.A., Sigman, C.C., Andreola, F., Ross, S.A., Kelloff, G.J. and De Luca, L.M. (2000), Retinoids in chemoprevention and differentiation therapy. Carcinogenesis, 21 (7), 1271-1279. Camacho, L.H., Soignet, S.L., Chanel, S., Ho, R., Heller, G., Scheinberg, D.A., Ellison, R. and Warrell, R.P. (2000), Leukocytosis and the retinoic acid syndrome in patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia treated with arsenic trioxide. Journal of Clinical Oncology, 18 (13), 2620-2625. Charles, K.S., Kanaa, M., Winfield, D.W. and Reilly, J.T. (2000), Scrotal ulceration during all-trans retinoic (ATRA) therapy for acute promyelocytic leukaemia. Clinical and Laboratory Haematology, 22 (3), 171-174. Samochatova, E.V., Maschan, A.A., Aleinikova, O.V., Tarasevich, I.S., Timakov, A.M., Shamardina, A.V., Fechina, L.G., Khlebnikova, O.N., Osmulskaya, M.S., Kolmogorova, M.M., Shneider, M.M., Litvinov, D.V., Novichkova, G.A., Khachatryan, L.A., Kovaleva, O.G., Baidun, L.V. and Rumyantsev, A.G. (2000), All-trans retinoic acid therapy of acute promyelocytic leukemia in children: clinical results in Russia and Belarus. Gematologiya I Transfuziologiya, 45 (1), 6-10. Huang, X.J. (2000), Potentiation of arsenic trioxide-induced apoptosis by retinoic acid in retinoic acid sensitive and resistant HL-60 myeloid leukemia cells. Chinese Medical Journal, 113 (6), 498-501. Gueddari, N., Madoulet, C., Lefebvre, P., Berthou, L., Chomienne, C. and Jardillier, J.C. (2000), Partial restoration of all trans retinoic acid (ATRA) sensitivity by compactin in ATRA-resistant leukemic cells (ATRA-R HL-60). Leukemia Research, 24 (6), 543-548. Thomas, X., Dombret, H., Cordonnier, C., Pigneux, A., Gardin, C., Guerci, A., Vekhoff, A., Sadoun, A., Stamatoullas, A., Fegueux, N., Maloisel, F., Cahn, J.Y., Reman, O., Gratecos, N., Berthou, C., Huguet, F., Kotoucek, P., Travade, P., Buzyn, A., de Revel, T., Vilque, J.P., Naccache, P., Chomienne, C., Degos, L. and Fenaux, P. (2000), Treatment of relapsing acute promyelocytic leukemia by all-trans retinoic acid therapy followed by timed sequential chemotherapy and stem cell transplantation. Leukemia, 14 (6), 1006-1013. Egyed, M., Rumi, G., Boros, B., Paldi-Haris, P. and Foldi, J. (2000), Interferon may reduce minimal residual disease of acute promyelocytic leukemia. Leukemia, 14 (6), 1153. Lin, R.J. and Evans, R.M. (2000), Acquisition of oncogenic potential by RAR chimeras in acute promyelocytic leukemia through formation of homodimers. Molecular Cell, 5 (5), 821-830. Huang, S.Y., Yang, C.H. and Chen, Y.C. (2000), Arsenic trioxide therapy for relapsed acute promyelocytic leukemia: an useful salvage therapy. Leukemia & Lymphoma, 38 (3-4), 283-+. Sporn, M.B. (2000), Retinoids and demethylating agents - Looking for partners. Journal of the National Cancer Institute, 92 (10), 780-781. Hu, J., Shen, Z.X., Sun, H.P., Wu, W., Li, X.S., Sun, G.L. and Wang, Z.Y. (2000), Long-term survey of outcome in acute promyelocytic leukemia. Chinese Medical Journal, 113 (2), 107-110. Zhao, W.L., Wang, X.F., Guo, W.M., Qu, B., Wang, H.L., Shen, Z.X., Chen, Z. and Wang, Z.Y. (2000), Hemostatic abnormalities associated with acute promyelocytic leukemia and corrective effects of all-trans-retinoic acid or arsenic trioxide treatment. Chinese Medical Journal, 113 (3), 236-240. Chen, Y.Q., Wu, Q., Chen, Z.M., Chen, F. and Su, W.J. (2000), Effect of all-trans retinoic acid on growth of xenograft tumor and its metastasis in nude mice. Chinese Medical Journal, 113 (4), 345-349. Di Bona, E., Avvisati, G., Castaman, G., Vegna, M.L., De Sanctis, V., Rodeghiero, F. and Mandelli, F. (2000), Early haemorrhagic morbidity and mortality during remission induction with or without all-trans retinoic acid in acute promyelocytic leukaemia. British Journal of Haematology , 108 (4), 689-695. Kitamura, K., Hoshi, S., Koike, M., Kiyoi, H., Saito, H. and Naoe, T. (2000), Histone deacetylase inhibitor but not arsenic trioxide differentiates acute promyelocytic leukaemia cells with t(11;17) in combination with all-trans retinoic acid. British Journal of Haematology, 108 (4), 696-702. Lin, C.P., Huang, M.J., Chang, I.Y., Lin, W.Y. and Sheu, Y.T. (2000), Retinoic acid syndrome induced by arsenic trioxide in treating recurrent all-trans retinoic acid resistant acute promyelocytic leukemia. Leukemia & Lymphoma, 38 (1-2), 195-+. Stewart, A.K. and Schuh, A.C. (2000), White cells 2: impact of understanding the molecular basis of haematological malignant disorders on clinical practice. Lancet, 355 (9213), 1447-1453. Yokoyama, S., Nozawa, F., Tanaka, S., Muneyuki, S. and Ogawa, M. (2000), Anti-tumor effects of 25-hydroxycholesterol and low-dose recombinant tumor necrosis factor-alpha on rat liver tumorigenesis: Modulated differentiation therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma. International Journal of Oncology, 16 (5), 1029-1033. Baines, P., Fisher, J., Truran, L., Davies, E., Hallett, M., Hoy, T. and Burnett, A.K. (2000), The MEK inhibitor, PD98059, reduces survival but does not block acute myeloid leukemia blast maturation in vitro. European Journal of Haematology, 64 (4), 211-218. Menendez, A., Gonzalez, A., Cabrera, H., Mesa, J., Martinez, G., Espinoza, E. and Hernandez, P. (2000), Clinical spectrum of extramedullary acute promyelocytic leukemia. European Journal of Haematology, 64 (3), 201-203. Kinjo, K., Kizaki, M., Muto, A., Fukuchi, Y., Umezawa, A., Yamato, K., Nishihara, T., Hata, J., Ito, M., Ueyama, Y. and Ikeda, Y. (2000), Arsenic trioxide (As2O3)-induced apoptosis and differentiation in retinoic acid-resistant acute promyelocytic leukemia model in hGM-CSF-producing transgenic SCID mice. Leukemia, 14 (3), 431-438. Waxman, S. (2000), Differentiation therapy in acute myelogenous leukemia (non-APL). Leukemia, 14 (3), 491-496. Lemez, P., Galikova, J. and Haas, T. (2000), Erythroblastic and/or megakaryocytic dysplasia in de novo acute myeloid leukemias M0-M5 show relation to myelodysplastic syndromes and delimit two main categories. Leukemia Research, 24 (3), 207-215. Hong, S.H., Mochizuki, M., Nishimura, R., Sasaki, N., Kadosawa, T. and Matsunaga, S. (2000), Differentiation induction of canine osteosarcoma cell lines by retinoids. Research in Veterinary Science, 68 (1), 57-62. Mattson, J.C. (2000), Acute promyelocytic leukemia - From morphology to molecular lesions. Clinics in Laboratory Medicine, 20 (1), 83-+. Weil, S.C. (2000), Minimal residual disease in acute promyelocytic leukemia. Clinics in Laboratory Medicine, 20 (1), 105-+. Jurcic, J.G., DeBlasio, T., Dumont, L., Yao, T.J. and Scheinberg, D.A. (2000), Molecular remission induction with retinoic acid and anti-CD33 monoclonal antibody HuM195 in acute promyelocytic leukemia. Clinical Cancer Research, 6 (2), 372-380. Kogan, S.C., Hong, S.H., Shultz, D.B., Privalsky, M.L. and Bishop, J.M. (2000), Leukemia initiated by PMLRAR alpha: the PML domain plays a critical role while retinoic acid-mediated transactivation is dispensable. Blood, 95 (5), 1541-1550. Yang, L.M., Tin, U., Wu, K. and Brown, P. (1999), Role of retinoid receptors in the prevention and treatment of breast cancer. Journal of Mammary Gland Biology and Neoplasia, 4 (4), 377-388. Hu, J., Shen, Z.X., Sun, G.L., Chen, S.J., Wang, Z.Y. and Chen, Z. (1999), Long-term survival and prognostic study in acute promyelocytic leukemia treated with all-trans-retinoic acid, chemotherapy, and As2O3: an experience of 120 patients at a single institution. International Journal of Hematology, 70 (4), 248-260. Duprez, E., Benoit, G., Flexor, M., Lillehaug, J.R. and Lanotte, M. (2000), A mutated PML/RARA found in the retinoid maturation resistant NB4 subclone, NB4-R2, blocks RARA and wild-type PML/RARA transcriptional activities. Leukemia, 14 (2), 255-261. Battle, T.E., Levine, R.A. and Yen, A. (2000), Retinoic acid-induced blr1 expression promotes ERK2 activation and cell differentiation in HL-60 cells. Experimental Cell Research, 254 (2), 287-298. So, C.W., Dong, S., So, C.K.C., Cheng, G.X., Huang, Q.H., Chen, S.J. and Chan, L.C. (2000), The impact of differential binding of wild-type RAR alpha, PML-, PLZF- and NPM-RAR alpha fusion proteins towards transcriptional co-activator, RIP-140, on retinoic acid responses in acute promyelocytic leukemia. Leukemia, 14 (1), 77-83. Bengtson, E.M. and Rigas, J.R. (1999), New oral chemotherapeutic agents for lung cancer. Drugs, 58 ), 57-69. Geller, R.B. and Dix, S.P. (1999), Oral chemotherapy agents in the treatment of leukaemia. Drugs, 58), 109-118. van der Vliet, H.J.J., Roberson, A.E., Hogan, M.C., Morales, C.E., Crader, S.C., Letendre, L. and Pruthi, R.K. (2000), All-trans-retinoic acid-induced myositis: A description of two patients. American Journal of Hematology, 63 (2), 94-98. Koshiuka, K., Elstner, E., Williamson, E., Said, J.W., Tada, Y. and Koeffler, H.P. (2000), Novel therapeutic approach: organic arsenical (melarsoprol) alone or with all-trans-retinoic acid markedly inhibit growth of human breast and prostate cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. British Journal of Cancer, 82 (2), 452-458. Benoit, G., Altucci, L., Flexor, M., Ruchaud, S., Lillehaug, J., Raffelsberger, W., Gronemeyer, H. and Lanotte, M. (1999), RAR-independent RXR signaling induces t(15;17) leukemia cell maturation. Embo Journal, 18 (24), 7011-7018. Kaushansky, K. (2000), Blood: New designs for a new millennium. Blood, 95 (1), 1-6. Hong, S.H., Kadosawa, T., Nozaki, K., Mochizuki, M., Matsunaga, S., Nishimura, R. and Sasaki, N. (2000), In vitro retinoid-induced growth inhibition and morphologic differentiation of canine osteosarcoma cells. American Journal of Veterinary Research, 61 (1), 69-73. Zhu, J., Gianni, M., Kopf, E., Honore, N., Chelbi-Alix, M., Koken, M., Quignon, F., Rochette-Egly, C. and de The, H. (1999), Retinoic acid induces proteasome-dependent degradation of retinoic acid receptor alpha (RAR alpha) and oncogenic RAR alpha fusion proteins. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 96 (26), 14807-14812. Niitsu, N., Umeda, M. and Honma, Y. (2000), Myeloid and monocytoid leukemia cells have different sensitivity to differentiation-inducing activity of deoxyadenosine analogs. Leukemia Research, 24 (1), 1-9. Lehmann, S., Bengtzen, S., Broberg, U. and Paul, C. (2000), Effects of retinoids on cell toxicity and apoptosis in leukemic blast cells from patients with non-M3 AML. Leukemia Research, 24 (1), 19-25. Smarda, J., Zemanova, K., Bryja, J., Smardova, J., Kozubik, A., Hofmanova, J., Nemajerova, A., Sevcikova, S., Kohoutek, J. and Vodicka, P. (1999), Retinoid X receptor suppresses transformation by the v-myb oncogene. Journal of Leukocyte Biology, 66 (6), 1039-1048. Moriwaki, H., Shiratori, Y., Okuno, M., Yasuda, I. and Muto, Y. (1997), Chemoprevention of hepatocarcinogenesis by retinoids - basic mechanisms and clinical experiences. Progress in Hepatology, Vol 3 - Hepatocellular Carcinoma, 1142), 47-52. Sacchi, S., Kantarjian, H.M., Freireich, E.J., O'Brien, S.O., Cortes, J., Rios, M.B., Kornblau, S., Giles, F.J., Koller, C., Gajewski, J. and Talpaz, M. (1999), Unexpected high incidence of severe toxicities associated with alpha interferon, low-dose cytosine arabinoside and all-trans retinoic acid in patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia. Leukemia & Lymphoma, 35 (5-6), 483-489. Zang, C.B., Liu, H.Y., Ries, C., Ismair, M.G. and Petrides, P.E. (2000), Enhanced migration of the acute promyelocytic leukemia cell line NB4 under in vitro conditions during short-term all-trans-retinoic acid treatment. Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology, 126 (1), 33-40. Wu, W., Sun, G.L., Wu, W.L., Zhou, R.F., Li, X.S., Shen, Z.X. and Wang, Z.Y. (1999), The relationship between the levels of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor and leukocytosis induced by all-trans retinoic acid in acute promyelocytic leukemia. Chinese Medical Journal, 112 (12), 1085-1087. Tong, J.H., Duprez, E. and Lanotte, M. (1999), JEM-1, a novel nuclear co-factor: localisation and functional interaction with AP-1. Leukemia, 13 (12), 1982-1992. Rohwedel, J., Guan, K. and Wobus, A.M. (1999), Induction of cellular differentiation by retinoic acid in vitro. Cells Tissues Organs, 165 (3-4), 190-202. Chillon, M.C., Gonzalez, M., Garcia-Sanz, R., Balanzategui, A., Gonzalez, D., Lopez-Perez, R., Mateos, M.V., Alaejos, I., Rayon, C., Arbeteta, J., Hernandez, J.M., Orfao, A. and San Miguel, J. (2000), Two new 3 ' PML breakpoints in t(15;17)(q22;q21)-positive acute promyelocytic leukemia. Genes Chromosomes & Cancer, 27 (1), 35-43. Wang, Z.Y., Sun, G.L., Shen, Z.X., Chen, S.J. and Chen, Z. (1999), Differentiation therapy for acute promyelocytic leukemia with all-trans retinoic acid: 10-year experience of its clinical application. Chinese Medical Journal, 112 (11), 963-967. Lawson, N.D., Zain, M., Zibello, T., Picciotto, M.R., Nairn, A.C. and Berliner, N. (1999), Modulation of a calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase cascade by retinoic acid during neutrophil maturation. Experimental Hematology, 27 (11), 1682-1690. Niu, C., Yan, H., Yu, T., Sun, H.P., Liu, J.X., Li, X.S., Wu, W., Zhang, F.Q., Chen, Y., Zhou, L., Li, J.M., Zeng, X.Y., Yang, R.R.O., Yuan, M.M., Ren, M.Y., Gu, F.Y., Cao, Q., Gu, B.W., Su, X.Y., Chen, G.Q., Xiong, S.M., Zhang, T.D., Waxman, S., Wang, Z.Y., Chen, Z., Hu, J., Shen, Z.X. and Chen, S.J. (1999), Studies on treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia with arsenic trioxide: Remission induction, follow-up, and molecular monitoring in 11 newly diagnosed and 47 relapsed acute promyelocytic leukemia patients. Blood, 94 (10), 3315-3324. Park, D.J., Chumakov, A.M., Vuong, P.T., Chih, D.Y., Gombart, A.F., Miller, W.H. and Koeffler, H.P. (1999), CCAAT/enhancer binding protein epsilon is a potential retinoid target gene in acute promyelocytic leukemia treatment. Journal of Clinical Investigation, 103 (10), 1399-1408. Shimizu, T., Oka, Y., Awai, N. and Takeda, K. (1999), Hypophosphorylation of pRB and repression of cyclin D3 and cdc25A during the granulocytic differentiation of human myeloblastic leukemia ML-1 cells. Leukemia Research, 23 (10), 901-907. Estey, E.H., Giles, F.J., Kantarjian, H., O'Brien, S., Cortes, J., Freireich, E.J., Lopez-Berestein, G. and Keating, M. (1999), Molecular remissions induced by liposomal-encapsulated all-trans retinoic acid in newly diagnosed acute promyelocytic leukemia. Blood, 94 (7), 2230-2235. Mills, K.I., Woodgate, L.J., Gilkes, A.F., Walsh, V., Sweeney, M.C., Brown, G. and Burnett, A.K. (1999), Inhibition of mitochondrial function in HL60 cells is associated with an increased apoptosis and expression of CD14. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 263 (2), 294-300. Kogan, S.C. and Bishop, J.M. (1999), Acute promyelocytic leukemia: from treatment to genetics and back. Oncogene, 18 (38), 5261-5267. Grimwade, D. (1999), The pathogenesis of acute promyelocytic leukaemia: Evaluation of the role of molecular diagnosis and monitoring in the management of the disease. British Journal of Haematology, 106 (3), 591-613. Haghighi, A., Lebedeva, S. and Gjerset, R.A. (1999), Preferential platination of an activated cellular promoter by cis-diamminedichloroplatinum. Biochemistry, 38 (38), 12432-12438. Kizaki, M., Fukuchi, Y. and Ikeda, Y. (1999), A novel retinoic acid-resistant acute promyelocytic leukemia model in vitro and in vivo (review). International Journal of Molecular Medicine, 4 (4), 359-364. Lowenthal, R.M., Bradstock, K.F., Matthews, J.P., Bishop, J.F., Juneja, S., Cobcroft, R., Eliadis, P., Enno, A., Gill, D., Herrmann, R.P., Manoharan, A., Page, F.J., Rooney, K.F., Rosenfeld, D., Seldon, M., Taylor, K.M., Wolf, M.M. and Young, G.A.R. (1999), A phase I/II study of intensive dose escalation of cytarabine in combination with idarubicin and etoposide in induction and consolidation treatment of adult acute myeloid leukemia. Leukemia & Lymphoma, 34 (5-6), 501-510. James, H.A. (1999), The potential application of ribozymes for the treatment of hematological disorders. Journal of Leukocyte Biology, 66 (3), 361-368. Visani, G., Ottaviani, E., Zauli, G., Tosi, P., Pellacani, A., Isidori, A., Pierpaoli, S. and Tura, S. (1999), All-trans retinoic acid at low concentration directly stimulates normal adult megakaryocytopoiesis in the presence of thrombopoietin or combined cytokines. European Journal of Haematology, 63 (3), 149-153. Kong, G., Lee, S.J., Kim, H.J., Surh, Y.J. and Kim, N.D. (1999), Induction of granulocytic differentiation in acute promyelocytic leukemia cells (HL-60) by 2-(allylthio) pyrazine. Cancer Letters, 144 (1), 1-8. Cignetti, A., Bryant, E., Allione, B., Vitale, A., Foa, R. and Cheever, M.A. (1999), CD34(+) acute myeloid and lymphoid leukemic blasts can be induced to differentiate into dendritic cells. Blood, 94 (6), 2048-2055. Lawson, N.D. and Berliner, N. (1999), Neutrophil maturation and the role of retinoic acid. Experimental Hematology, 27 (9), 1355-1367. Pascual, M.J. and Vaquero, M. (1999), Fever, abdominal pain and coma in a 48-year-old patient with acute promyelocytic leukemia during neutropenia following chemotherapy. Medicina Clinica, 113 (6), 230-238. Sato, A., Imaizumi, M., Saito, T., Yoshinari, M., Suzuki, H., Hayashi, Y. and Iinuma, K. (1999), Detection of apoptosis in acute promyelocytic leukemia cells in vivo during differentiation-induction with all-trans retinoic acid in combination with chemotherapy. Leukemia Research, 23 (9), 827-832. Chelbi-Alix, M.K. and Pelicano, L. (1999), Retinoic acid and interferon signaling cross talk in normal and RA-resistant APL cells. Leukemia, 13 (8), 1167-1174. Yokoyama, S., Nozawa, F., Mugita, N. and Ogawa, M. (1999), Suppression of rat liver tumorigenesis by 25-hydroxycholesterol and all-trans retinoic acid: Differentiation therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma. International Journal of Oncology, 15 (3), 565-569. Fenaux, P., Chastang, C., Chevret, S., Sanz, M., Dombret, H., Archimbaud, E., Fey, M., Rayon, C., Huguet, F., Sotto, J.J., Gardin, C., Makhoul, P.C., Travade, P., Solary, E., Fegueux, N., Bordessoule, D., San Miguel, J., Link, H., Desablens, B., Stamatoullas, A., Deconinck, E., Maloisel, F., Castaigne, S., Preudhomme, C. and Degos, L. (1999), A randomized comparison of all transretinoic acid (ATRA) followed by chemotherapy and ATRA plus chemotherapy and the role of maintenance therapy in newly diagnosed acute promyelocytic leukemia. Blood, 94 (4), 1192-1200. Preisler, H.D. and Kauffman, S. (1999), A proposal regarding the mechanism which underlies lineage choice during hematopoietic differentiation. Leukemia Research, 23 (8), 685-694. Galimberti, S., Papineschi, F., Carmignani, A., Testi, R., Fazzi, R. and Petrini, M. (1999), Arsenic and all-trans retinoic acid as induction therapy before autograft in a case of relapsed resistant secondary acute promyelocytic leukemia. Bone Marrow Transplantation, 24 (3), 345-348. Zhu, J., Guo, W.M., Yao, Y.Y., Zhao, W.L., Pan, L., Cai, X., Ju, B., Sun, G.L., Wang, H.L., Chen, S.J., Chen, G.Q., Caen, J., Chen, Z. and Wang, Z.Y. (1999), Tissue factors on acute promyelocytic leukemia and endothelial cells are differently regulated by retinoic acid, arsenic trioxide and chemotherapeutic agents. Leukemia, 13 (7), 1062-1070. Niitsu, N. and Honma, Y. (1999), Adenosine analogs as possible differentiation-inducing agents against acute myeloid leukemia. Leukemia & Lymphoma, 34 (3-4), 261-271. Hassan, Z., Fadeel, B., Zhivotovsky, B. and Hellstrom-Lindberg, E. (1999), Two pathways of apoptosis induced with all-trans retinoic acid and etoposide in the myeloid cell line P39. Experimental Hematology, 27 (8), 1322-1329. Lin, R.J., Egan, D.A. and Evans, R.M. (1999), Molecular genetics of acute promyelocytic leukemia. Trends in Genetics, 15 (5), 179-184. Swaminathan, N., Lopez-Berestein, G. and Rudikoff, S. (1999), Assessment of all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) efficacy as a single agent in primary lymphoid neoplasia. Medical Oncology, 16 (2), 119-128. Nozaki, K., Kadosawa, T., Nishimura, R., Mochizuki, M., Takahashi, K. and Sasaki, N. (1999), 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D-3, recombinant human transforming growth factor-beta(1), and recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 induce in vitro differentiation of canine osteosarcoma cells. Journal of Veterinary Medical Science, 61 (6), 649-656. Savickiene, J., Gineitis, A. and Stigbrand, T. (1999), Modulation of apoptosis of proliferating and differentiating HL-60 cells by protein kinase inhibitors: suppression of PKC or PKA differently affects cell differentiation and apoptosis. Cell Death and Differentiation, 6 (7), 698-709. Redner, R.L., Wang, J.X. and Liu, J.M. (1999), Chromatin remodeling and leukemia: New therapeutic paradigms. Blood, 94 (2), 417-428. Purton, L.E., Bernstein, I.D. and Collins, S.J. (1999), All-trans retinoic acid delays the differentiation of primitive hematopoietic precursors (lin(-)c-kit(+)Sca-1(+)) while enhancing the terminal maturation of committed granulocyte monocyte progenitors. Blood, 94 (2), 483-495. Hsu, H.C., Tsai, W.H., Chen, P.G., Hsu, M.L., Ho, C.K. and Wang, S.Y. (1999), In vitro effect of granulocyte-colony stimulating factor and all-trans retinoic acid on the expression of inflammatory cytokines and adhesion molecules in acute promyelocytic leukemic cells. European Journal of Haematology, 63 (1), 11-18. Vincent, P.C. (1999), Arsenic: A new place? Pathology, 31 (2), 81-82. Lo Coco, F., Diverio, D., Falini, B., Biondi, A., Nervi, C. and Pelicci, P.G. (1999), Genetic diagnosis and molecular monitoring in the management of acute promyelocytic leukemia. Blood, 94 (1), 12-22. Jansen, J.H., de Ridder, M.C., Geertsma, W.M.C., Erpelinck, C.A.J., van Lom, K., Smit, E.M.E., Slater, R., van der Reijden, B.A., de Greef, G.E., Sonneveld, P. and Lowenberg, B. (1999), Complete remission of t(11;17) positive acute promyelocytic leukemia induced by all-trans retinoic acid and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor. Blood, 94 (1), 39-45. Spencer, A. and Firkin, F. (1999), Arsenic trioxide treatment of relapsed acute promyelocytic leukaemia: initial Australian experience. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Medicine, 29 (3), 385-386. Sternsdorf, T., Puccetti, E., Jensen, K., Hoelzer, D., Will, H., Ottmann, O.G. and Ruthardt, M. (1999), PIC-1/SUMO-1-modified PML-retinoic acid receptor alpha mediates arsenic trioxide-induced apoptosis in acute promyelocytic leukemia. Molecular and Cellular Biology, 19 (7), 5170-5178. Zheng, J., Deng, Y.P., Lin, C., Fu, M., Xiao, P.G. and Wu, M. (1999), Arsenic trioxide induces apoptosis of HPV16 DNA-immortalized human cervical epithelial cells and selectively inhibits viral gene expression. International Journal of Cancer, 82 (2), 286-292. Labbaye, C., Valtieri, M., Grignani, F., Luchetti, L., Masella, B., Alcalay, M., Testa, U. and Peschle, C. (1999), Expression and role of PML gene in normal adult hematopoiesis: functional interaction between PML and Rb proteins in erythropoiesis. Oncogene, 18 (23), 3529-3540. Mozziconacci, M.L., Liberatore, C., Grignani, F., Sainty, D., Pelicci, P.G., Birg, F. and Lafage-Pochitaloff, M. (1999), Atypical response to all-trans retinoic acid in a der(5)t(5;17) acute promyelocytic leukemia. Leukemia, 13 (6), 862-868. Li, J.M., Finch, R.A. and Sartorelli, A.C. (1999), Role of vitamin D-3 receptor in the synergistic differentiation of WEHI-3B leukemia cells by vitamin D-3 and retinoic acid. Experimental Cell Research, 249 (2), 279-290. Burnett, A.K., Grimwade, D., Solomon, E., Wheatley, K. and Goldstone, A.H. (1999), Presenting white blood cell count and kinetics of molecular remission predict prognosis in acute promyelocytic leukemia treated with all-trans retinoic acid: Result of the randomized MRC trial. Blood, 93 (12), 4131-4143. Kinjo, K., Kizaki, M., Takayama, N., Michikawa, N., Oda, A., Okamoto, S.I., Tahara, T., Kato, T., Miyazaki, H. and Ikeda, Y. (1999), Serum thrombopoietin and erythropoietin levels in patients with acute promyelocytic leukaemia during all-trans retinoic acid treatment. British Journal of Haematology, 105 (2), 382-387. Sousa, A.B., Fernandes, J.P., Ferreira, G., Bernardo, M., Conduto, A., Costa, I., Cruz, E., Goncalves, A.J., Monteiro, A., Nunes, O., Ribeiro, P., Rodrigues, A.S., Sousa, M., Veiga, J. and Gouveia, J. (1999), Short-term intensive consolidation therapy after all-trans retinoic acid in acute promyelocytic leukemia. American Journal of Clinical Oncology-Cancer Clinical Trials, 22 (3), 294-297. Tallman, M.S. (1999), The thrombophilic state in acute promyelocytic leukemia. Seminars in Thrombosis and Hemostasis, 25 (2), 209-215. Heaney, M.L. and Golde, D.V. (1999), Myelodysplasia. New England Journal of Medicine, 340 (21), 1649-1660. Whelan, P. (1999), Retinoids in chemoprevention. European Urology, 35 (5-6), 424-428. Hicsonmez, G., Tuncer, M., Toksoy, H.B., Yenicesu, I. and Cetin, M. (1999), Differentiation of leukemic cells induced by short-course high-dose methylprednisolone in children with different subtypes of acute myeloblastic leukemia. Leukemia & Lymphoma, 33 (5-6), 573-+. Melnick, A. and Licht, J.D. (1999), Deconstructing a disease: RAR alpha, its fusion partners, and their roles in the pathogenesis of acute promyelocytic leukemia. Blood, 93 (10), 3167-3215. Yueh, Y.K., Liew, P.P.L., Ho, P.C. and Wu, T.S. (1999), Sublingual administration of all-trans-retinoic acid to a comatose patient with acute promyelocytic leukemia. Annals of Pharmacotherapy, 33 (4), 503-505. Warzocha, K. (1999), Antisense strategy in hematological malignancies. Cytokines Cellular & Molecular Therapy, 5 (1), 15-23. Johnson, A. and Chandraratna, R.A.S. (1999), Novel retinoids with receptor selectivity and functional selectivity. British Journal of Dermatology, 140), 12-17. Evans, T.R.J. and Kaye, S.B. (1999), Retinoids: present role and future potential. British Journal of Cancer, 80 (1-2), 1-8. Johnson, B.S., Chandraratna, R.A.S., Heyman, R.A., Allegretto, E.A., Mueller, L. and Collins, S.J. (1999), Retinoid X receptor (RXR) agonist-induced activation of dominant-negative RXR-retinoic acid receptor alpha 403 heterodimers is developmentally regulated during myeloid differentiation. Molecular and Cellular Biology, 19 (5), 3372-3382. Recchia, F., Sica, G., De Filippis, S., Rosselli, M., Pompili, P., Saggio, G. and Rea, S. (1999), Chemo-immunotherapy in advanced head and neck cancer. Anticancer Research, 19 (1B), 773-777. Saito, A., Yamashita, T., Mariko, Y., Nosaka, Y., Tsuchiya, K., Ando, T., Suzuki, T., Tsuruo, T. and Nakanishi, O. (1999), A synthetic inhibitor of histone deacetylase, MS-27-275, with marked in vivo antitumor activity against human tumors. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 96 (8), 4592-4597. Tamura, S., Takemoto, Y., Takami, S., Kinoshita, M., Kumano, Y., Aono, H., Mori, M. and Kakishita, E. (1999), Efficacy of all-trans retinoic acid for molecular relapse of acute promyelocytic leukemia during remission. Oncology Reports, 6 (3), 683-685. Evans, G.D. and Grimwade, D.J. (1999), Extramedullary disease in acute promyelocytic leukemia. Leukemia & Lymphoma, 33 (3-4), 219-229. Miyauchi, J. (1999), All-trans retinoic acid and hematopoietic growth factors regulating the growth and differentiation of blast progenitors in acute promyelocytic leukemia. Leukemia & Lymphoma, 33 (3-4), 267-280. Josefsen, D., Blomhoff, H.K., Lomo, J., Blystad, A.K. and Smeland, E.B. (1999), Retinoic acid induces apoptosis of human CD34(+) hematopoietic progenitor cells: Involvement of retinoic acid receptors and retinoid X receptors depends on lineage commitment of the hematopoietic progenitor cells. Experimental Hematology, 27 (4), 642-653. Chen, Z.X., Wang, W., Pan, J.L., Chen, L.J. and Xue, Y.Q. (1999), Combination of all-trans retinoic acid with butyric acid and its prodrugs markedly enhancing differentiation of human acute promyelocytic leukemia NB4 cells. Chinese Medical Journal, 112 (4), 352-355. Lallemand-Breitenbach, V., Guillemin, M.C., Janin, A., Daniel, M.T., Degos, L., Kogan, S.C., Bishop, J.M. and de The, H. (1999), Retinoic acid and arsenic synergize to eradicate leukemic cells in a mouse model of acute promyelocytic leukemia. Journal of Experimental Medicine, 189 (7), 1043-1052. Shimodaira, S., Kitano, K., Nishizawa, Y., Ichikawa, N., Ishida, F., Kamino, I., Matsui, H. and Kiyosawa, K. (1999), Acute myelogenous leukemia with a t(2;17;4)(p13;q21;p16) aberration: Effective treatment with all-trans retinoic acid and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor. Internal Medicine, 38 (2), 150-154. Nakano, S. (1999), New molecular targets for cancer chemotherapy. Internal Medicine, 38 (2), 186-190. Slater, S., Carter, M., Howe, K., Amess, J., Rohatiner, A.Z.S. and Lister, T.A. (1999), Acute promyelocytic leukaemia: a retrospective analysis of patients treated at St. Bartholomew's Hospital 1969-1995. Annals of Hematology, 78 (3), 131-137. Yamaji, S., Kanamori, H., Mishima, A., Fujisawa, S., Motomura, S. and Mohri, H. (1999), All-trans retinoic acid-induced multiple mononeuropathies. American Journal of Hematology, 60 (4), 311. Menell, J.S., Cesarman, G.M., Jacovina, A.T., McLaughlin, M.A., Lev, E.A. and Hajjar, K.A. (1999), Annexin II and bleeding in acute promyelocytic leukemia. New England Journal of Medicine, 340 (13), 994-1004. Muto, A., Kizaki, M., Yamato, K., Kawai, Y., Kamata-Matsushita, M., Ueno, H., Ohguchi, M., Nishihara, T., Koeffler, H.P. and Ikeda, Y. (1999), 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D-3 induces differentiation of a retinoic acid-resistant acute promyelocytic leukemia cell line (UF-1) associated with expression of p21(WAF1/CIP1) and p27(KIP1). Blood, 93 (7), 2225-2233. [Anon]. (1999), Hematology in China. Haematologica, 84 (3), 193. Shiohara, M., Dawson, M.I., Hobbs, P.D., Sawai, N., Higuchi, T., Koike, K., Komiyama, A. and Koeffler, H.P. (1999), Effects of novel RAR- and RXR-selective retinoids on myeloid leukemic proliferation and differentiation in vitro. Blood, 93 (6), 2057-2066. Sun, L.K., Yoshii, Y., Miyagi, K. and Ishida, A. (1999), Proliferation inhibition of glioma cells by vitamin K-2. Neurological Surgery, 27 (2), 119-125. O'Connor, S.J.M., Evans, P.A.S. and Morgan, G.J. (1999), Diagnostic approaches to acute promyelocytic leukaemia. Leukemia & Lymphoma, 33 (1-2), 53-+. Aoshima, K., Asakura, H., Yamazaki, M., Saito, M., Kumabashiri, I., Morishita, E., Ontachi, Y., Mizutani, T., Ichino, T. and Matsuda, T. (1998), Treatment of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) with all-trans retinoic acid in an endotoxin-induced rat model. Seminars in Thrombosis and Hemostasis, 24 (3), 227-231. Sun, S.Y., Kurie, J.M., Yue, P., Dawson, M.I., Shroot, B., Chandraratna, R.A.S., Hong, W.K. and Lotan, R. (1999), Differential responses of normal, premalignant, and malignant human bronchial epithelial cells to receptor-selective retinoids. Clinical Cancer Research, 5 (2), 431-437. Koken, M.H.M., Daniel, M.T., Gianni, M., Zelent, A., Licht, J., Buzyn, A., Minard, P., Degos, L., Varet, B. and de The, H. (1999), Retinoic acid, but not arsenic trioxide, degrades the PLZF/RAR alpha fusion protein, without inducing terminal differentiation or apoptosis, in a RA-therapy resistant t(11;17)(q23;q21) APL patient. Oncogene, 18 (4), 1113-1118. Mehta, K. and Cheema, S. (1999), Retinoid-mediated signaling pathways in CD38 antigen expression in myeloid leukemia cells. Leukemia & Lymphoma, 32 (5-6), 441-+. Dimitroulakos, J., Nohynek, D., Backway, K.L., Hedley, D.W., Yeger, H., Freedman, M.H., Minden, M.D. and Penn, L.Z. (1999), Increased sensitivity of acute myeloid leukemias to lovastatin-induced apoptosis: A potential therapeutic approach. Blood, 93 (4), 1308-1318. Bishop, J.F. (1999), Adult acute myeloid leukaemia: update on treatment. Medical Journal of Australia, 170 (1), 39-43. Takeuchi, M., Yano, T., Omoto, E., Takahashi, K., Kibata, M., Shudo, K., Harada, M., Ueda, R. and Ohno, R. (1998), Relapsed acute promyelocytic leukemia previously treated with all-trans retinoic acid: Clinical experience with a new synthetic retinoid, Am-80. Leukemia & Lymphoma, 31 (5-6), 441-451. Kubohara, Y., Kabeya, K., Matsui, H. and Ishikawa, K. (1998), Effects of DIF-1, an anti-tumor agent isolated from Dictyostelium discoideum, on rat gastric mucosal RGM-1 and leptomeningeal cells. Zoological Science, 15 (5), 713-721. Conley, B.A., Ramsland, T.S., Sentz, D.L., Wu, S.L., Rosen, D.M., Wollman, M. and Eiseman, J.L. (1998), Antitumor activity, distribution, and metabolism of 13-cis-retinoic acid as a single agent or in combination with tamoxifen in established human MCF-7 xenografts in mice. Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology, 43 (3), 183-197. Sawyers, C.L. (1998), Molecular abnormalities in myeloid leukemias and myelodysplastic syndromes. Leukemia Research, 22 (12), 1113-1122. Mori, A., Tamura, S., Katsuno, T., Nishimura, Y., Itoh, T., Saheki, K., Takatsuka, H., Wada, H., Fujimori, Y., Okamoto, T., Takemoto, Y. and Kakishita, E. (1999), Scrotal ulcer occurring in patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia during treatment with all-trans retinoic acid. Oncology Reports, 6 (1), 55-58. Lo Coco, F., Nervi, C., Avvisati, G. and Mandelli, F. (1998), Acute promyelocytic leukemia: a curable disease. Leukemia, 12 (12), 1866-1880. Campbell, M.J., Park, S., Uskokovic, M.R., Dawson, M.I., Jong, L. and Koeffler, H.P. (1999), Synergistic inhibition of prostate cancer cell lines by a 19-nor hexafluoride vitamin D-3 analogue and antiactivator protein 1 retinoid. British Journal of Cancer, 79 (1), 101-107. Look, A.T. (1998), Arsenic and apoptosis in the treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia. Journal of the National Cancer Institute, 90 (2), 86-88. Zhou, D.C., Hallam, S.J., Lee, S.J., Klein, R.S., Wiernik, P.H., Tallman, M.S. and Robert, E. (1998), Constitutive expression of cellular retinoic acid binding protein II and lack of correlation with sensitivity to all-trans retinoic acid in acute promyelocytic leukemia cells. Cancer Research, 58 (24), 5770-5776. Tsukamoto, H., Kurokawa, T., Hirata, K., Ishibashi, S. and Mishima, H.K. (1998), Evaluation of 9-cis retinoic acid for a new remedy of human retinoblastoma. Biochemistry and Molecular Biology International, 46 (5), 987-991. Yoneda, K., Yamamoto, T. and Osaki, T. (1998), p53- and p21-independent apoptosis of squamous cell carcinoma cells induced by 5-fluorouracil and radiation. Oral Oncology, 34 (6), 529-537. Ishitsuka, K., Hanada, S., Suzuki, S., Utsunomiya, A., Chyuman, Y., Takeuchi, S., Takeshita, T., Shimotakahara, S., Uozumi, I., Makino, T. and Arima, T. (1998), Arsenic trioxide inhibits growth of human T-cell leukaemia virus type I infected T-cell lines more effectively than retinoic acids. British Journal of Haematology, 103 (3), 721-728. Shaft, D., Shtalrid, M., Berebi, A., Catovsky, D. and Resnitzky, P. (1998), Ultrastructural characteristics and lysozyme content in hypergranular and variant type of acute promyelocytic leukaemia. British Journal of Haematology, 103 (3), 729-739. Takahashi, N., Iwahori, A., Kawai, K. and Fukui, T. (1998), Induction of differentiation in human promyelocytic leukemia cell line HL60 by a new type of polyenes, falconensone A and its derivatives. Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics, 360 (1), 113-120. Constantinou, A.I., Krygier, A.E. and Mehta, R.R. (1998), Genistein induces maturation of cultured human breast cancer cells and prevents tumor growth in nude mice. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 68 (6), 1426S-1430S. James, S.Y., Williams, M.A., Newland, A.C. and Colston, K.W. (1999), Leukemia cell differentiation: Cellular and molecular interactions of retinoids and vitamin D. General Pharmacology-the Vascular System , 32 (1), 143-154. de-Medeiros, B.C., Strapasson, E., Pasquini, R. and de-Medeiros, C.R. (1998), Effect of all-trans retinoic acid on newly diagnosed acute promyelocytic leukemia patients: results of a Brazilian center. Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research, 31 (12), 1537-1543. Muller, S., Miller, W.H. and Dejean, A. (1998), Trivalent antimonials induce degradation of the PML-RAR alpha oncoprotein and reorganization of the promyelocytic leukemia nuclear bodies in acute promyelocytic leukemia NB4 cells. Blood, 92 (11), 4308-4316. Sakukawa, R., Murakami, K., Ikeda, T., Yamada, Y. and Saiki, I. (1998), Effect of 4-[3,5-bis(trimethylsilyl)benzamido] benzoic acid (TAC-101) on the liver metastasis of colon 26-L5 carcinoma cells. Oncology Research, 10 (6), 287-293. Tong, J.H., Fant, X., Duprez, E., Benoit, G., Uphoff, C.C., Drexler, H.G., Pla, J.C., Lofvenberg, E. and Lanotte, M. (1998), Expression patterns of the JEM-1 gene in normal and tumor cells: ubiquity contrasting with a faint, but retinoid-induced, mRNA expression in promyelocytic NB4 cells. Leukemia, 12 (11), 1733-1740. Quenech'Du, N., Ruchaud, S., Khelef, N., Guiso, N. and Lanotte, M. (1998), A sustained increase in the endogenous level of cAMP reduces the retinoid concentration required for APL cell maturation to near physiological levels. Leukemia, 12 (11), 1829-1833. Herault, O., Domenech, J., Degenne, M., Bremond, J.L., Sensebe, L., Bernard, M.C., Binet, C. and Colombat, P. (1998), All-trans-retinoic acid up-regulates CD38 but not c-Kit antigens on human marrow CD34(+) cells without recruitment into cell cycle. British Journal of Haematology, 103 (2), 343-350. Warrell, R.P., He, L.Z., Richon, V., Calleja, E. and Pandolfi, P.P. (1998), Therapeutic targeting of transcription in acute promyelocytic leukemia by use of an inhibitor of histone deacetylase. Journal of the National Cancer Institute, 90 (21), 1621-1625. Rosolen, A., Favaretto, G., Masarotto, G., Cavazzana, A., Zanesco, L. and Frascella, E. (1998), Effects of all-trans retinoic acid and interferon alpha in peripheral neuroectodermal tumor cell cultures and xenografts. International Journal of Oncology, 13 (5), 943-949. Soignet, S.L., Maslak, P., Wang, Z.G., Jhanwar, S., Calleja, E., Dardashti, L.J., Corso, D., DeBlasio, A., Gabrilove, J., Scheinberg, D.A., Pandolfi, P.P. and Warrell, R.P. (1998), Complete remission after treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia with arsenic trioxide. New England Journal of Medicine, 339 (19), 1341-1348. Neildez-Nguyen, T.M.A., Chapel, A., Arock, M., Vetillard, J. and Thierry, D. (1998), Gamma-irradiation does not impair ATRA-induced maturation of myeloid leukaemic cells: implication for combined radiation and differentiation therapy. British Journal of Haematology, 103 (1), 79-86. Geyer, C., Papadimitrakopoulou, V. and Hong, W.K. (1998), Chemoprevention in head and neck cancer: Basic science and clinical application. Seminars in Radiation Oncology, 8 (4), 292-301. Postel-Vinay, O. (1998), The reform of Chinese science. Recherche, (313), 52-64. Miller, W.H. (1998), The emerging role of retinoids and retinoic acid metabolism blocking agents in the treatment of cancer. Cancer, 83 (8), 1471-1482. De Botton, S., Dombret, H., Sanz, M., San Miguel, J., Caillot, D., Zittoun, R., Gardembas, M., Stamatoulas, A., Conde, E., Guerci, A., Gardin, C., Geiser, K., Makhoul, D.C., Reman, O., de la Serna, J., Lefrere, F., Chomienne, C., Chastang, C., Degos, L. and Fenaux, P. (1998), Incidence, clinical features, and outcome of all trans-retinoic acid syndrome in 413 cases of newly diagnosed acute promyelocytic leukemia. Blood, 92 (8), 2712-2718. Nicolls, M.R., Terada, L.S., Tuder, R.M., Prindiville, S.A. and Schwarz, M.I. (1998), Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage with underlying pulmonary capillaritis in the retinoic acid syndrome. American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 158 (4), 1302-1305. Nason-Burchenal, K., Takle, G., Pace, U., Flynn, S., Allopenna, J., Martin, P., George, S.T., Goldberg, A.R. and Dmitrovsky, E. (1998), Targeting the PML/RAR alpha translocation product triggers apoptosis in promyelocytic leukemia cells. Oncogene, 17 (14), 1759-1768. Langman, M. and Boyle, P. (1998), Chemoprevention of colorectal cancer. Gut, 43 (4), 578-585. Hashimoto, S., Hayashi, S., Yoshida, S., Kujime, K., Maruoka, S., Matsumoto, K., Gon, Y., Koura, T. and Horie, T. (1998), Retinoic acid differentially regulates interleukin-1 beta and interleukin-1 receptor antagonist production by human alveolar macrophages. Leukemia Research, 22 (11), 1057-1061. Fukuchi, Y., Kizaki, M., Kinjo, K., Awaya, N., Muto, A., Ito, M., Kawai, Y., Umezawa, A., Hata, J., Ueyama, Y. and Ikeda, Y. (1998), Establishment of a retinoic acid resistant human acute promyelocytic leukaemia (APL) model in human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (hGM CSF) transgenic severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) mice. British Journal of Cancer, 78 (7), 878-884. Savchenko, V.G., Parovichnikova, E.N., Demidova, I.A., Kuliev, R.G., Gribanova, E.O., Klyasova, G.A., Kucher, R.A., Sokolov, A.N., Momotyuk, K.S., Olshanskaya, Y.V., Tyurina, N.G., Tikhonova, L.Y., Galstyan, G.M., Budyansky, V.M., Belousov, E.A., Lapin, V.A., Voloshin, S.V., Konstantinova, T.S., Filatov, L.B., Porokhina, O.N. and Smirnova, E.A. (1998), Biological characteristics and treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia. Terapevticheskii Arkhiv, 70 (7), 5-11. Thomas, X., Fiere, D. and Archimbaud, E. (1998), Influence of increased body mass index on drug toxicity in patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia. Leukemia, 12 (9), 1503-1506. Castagnola, C., Lunghi, M., Corso, A., Tajana, M., Zappasodi, P., Dabusti, M., Lazzarino, M. and Bernasconi, C. (1998), Management of acute promyelocytic leukemia relapse in the ATRA era. Haematologica, 83 (8), 714-717. Tomizuka, H., Hatake, K., Ikeda, M., Gunji, Y., Ikeda, K., Takizawa, T., Saito, T., Hoshino, Y., Ohtsuki, T., Takahashi, H., Yonehara, S. and Miura, Y. (1998), CD95 predicts responsiveness to tretinoin in acute promyelocytic leukemia. International Journal of Molecular Medicine, 1 (1), 207-211. Cheung, W.M.W. and Ip, N.Y. (1998), Interaction of neurotrophins and retinoic acid in neuronal differentiation. Molecules and Cells, 8 (4), 496-502. Marikar, Y., Wang, Z.Q., Duell, E.A., Petkovich, M., Voorhees, J.J. and Fisher, G.J. (1998), Retinoic acid receptors regulate expression of retinoic acid 4-hydroxylase that specifically inactivates all-trans retinoic acid in human keratinocyte HaCaT cells. Journal of Investigative Dermatology, 111 (3), 434-439. Wang, X.D., Liu, C., Chung, J.Y., Stickel, F., Seitz, H.K. and Russell, R.M. (1998), Chronic alcohol intake reduces retinoic acid concentration and enhances AP-1 (c-Jun and c-Fos) expression in rat liver. Hepatology, 28 (3), 744-750. Akao, Y., Mizoguchi, H., Misiura, K., Stec, W.J., Seto, M., Ohishi, N. and Yagi, K. (1998), Antisense oligodeoxyribonucleotide against the MLL-LTG19 chimeric transcript inhibits cell growth and induces apoptosis in cells of an infantile leukemia cell line carrying the t(11;19) chromosomal translocation. Cancer Research, 58 (17), 3773-3776. Nason-Burchenal, K., Allopenna, J., Begue, A., Stehelin, D., Dmitrovsky, E. and Martin, P. (1998), Targeting of PML/RAR alpha is lethal to retinoic acid-resistant promyelocytic leukemia cells. Blood, 92 (5), 1758-1767. Hu, Z.B., Minden, M.D. and McCulloch, E.A. (1998), Phosphorylation of bcl-2 after exposure of human leukemic cells to retinoic acid. Blood, 92 (5), 1768-1775. Higuchi, T., Shimizu, T., Mori, H., Niikura, H. and Omine, M. (1997), Coagulation patterns of disseminated intravascular coagulation in acute promyelocytic leukemia. Hematological Oncology, 15 (4), 209-217. Ding, W., Li, Y.P., Nobile, L.M., Grills, G., Carrera, I., Paietta, E., Tallman, M.S., Wiernik, P.H. and Gallagher, R.E. (1998), Leukemic cellular retinoic acid resistance and missense mutations in the PML-RAR alpha fusion gene after relapse of acute promyelocytic leukemia from treatment with all-trans retinoic acid and intensive chemotherapy. Blood, 92 (4), 1172-1183. Labaume, S., Chopin, M., Pla, M. and Brouet, J.C. (1998), Differential in vitro and in vivo effects of all-trans retinoic acid on the growth of human myeloma cells. Leukemia & Lymphoma, 30 (3-4), 361-366. Hsu, M.C. (1998), Systemic treatment of neoplastic conditions with retinoids. Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology , 39 (2), S108-S113. Jones, P., Villeneuve, G.B., Fei, C.P., DeMarte, J., Haggarty, A.J., Nwe, K.T., Martin, D.A., Lebuis, A.M., Finkelstein, J.M., Gour-Salin, B.J., Chan, T.H. and Leyland-Jones, B.R. (1998), Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of 2-pyrazinylcarboxamidobenzoates and beta-ionylideneacetamidobenzoates with retinoidal activity. Journal of Medicinal Chemistry , 41 (16), 3062-3077. Guibourdenche, J., Roulier, S., Rochette-Egly, C. and Evain-Brion, D. (1998), High retinoid X receptor expression in JEG-3 choriocarcinoma cells: Involvement in cell function modulation by retinoids. Journal of Cellular Physiology, 176 (3), 595-601. Ribeiro, R.C. and Pui, C.H. (1998), Characterization and management of poor-prognosis childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. International Journal of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, 5 (2-4), 89-98. Fujimura, S., Suzumiya, J., Anzai, K., Ohkubo, K., Hata, T., Yamada, Y., Kamihira, S., Kikuchi, M. and Ono, J. (1998), Retinoic acids induce growth inhibition and apoptosis in adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) cell lines. Leukemia Research, 22 (7), 611-618. Sano, F., Tsuji, K., Kunika, N., Takeuchi, T., Oyama, K., Hasegawa, S., Koike, M., Takahashi, M. and Ishida, M. (1998), Pseudotumor cerebri in a patient with acute promyelocytic leukemia during treatment with all-trans retinoic acid. Internal Medicine, 37 (6), 546-549. Gruson, D., Hilbert, G., Boiron, J.M., Portel, L., Cony-Makoul, P., Reiffers, J., Gbikpi-Benissan, G. and Cardinaud, J.P. (1998), Acute respiratory distress syndrome due to all-trans retinoic acid. Intensive Care Medicine, 24 (6), 642. Imaizumi, M., Suzuki, H., Yoshinari, M., Sato, A., Saito, T., Sugawara, A., Tsuchiya, S., Hatae, Y., Fujimoto, T., Kakizuka, A., Konno, T. and Iinuma, K. (1998), Mutations in the E-domain of RAR alpha portion of the PML/RAR alpha chimeric gene may confer clinical resistance to all-trans retinoic acid in acute promyelocytic leukemia. Blood, 92 (2), 374-382. Labrecque, J., Allan, D., Chambon, P., Iscove, N.N., Lohnes, D. and Hoang, T. (1998), Impaired granulocytic differentiation in vitro in hematopoietic cells lacking retinoic acid receptors alpha 1 and gamma. Blood, 92 (2), 607-615. Ueno, H., Kizaki, M., Matsushita, H., Muto, A., Yamato, K., Nishihara, T., Hida, T., Yoshimura, H., Koeffler, H.P. and Ikeda, Y. (1998), A novel retinoic acid receptor (RAR)-selective antagonist inhibits differentiation and apoptosis of HL-60 cells: implications of RAR alpha-mediated signals in myeloid leukemic cells. Leukemia Research, 22 (6), 517-525. Spinella, M.J., Kitareewan, S., Mellado, B., Sekula, D., Khoo, K.S. and Dmitrovsky, E. (1998), Specific retinoid receptors cooperate to signal growth suppression and maturation of human embryonal carcinoma cells. Oncogene, 16 (26), 3471-3480. Gaboli, M., Gandini, D., Delva, L., Wang, Z.G. and Pandolfi, P.P. (1998), Acute promyelocytic leukemia as a model for cross-talk between interferon and retinoic acid pathways: From molecular biology to clinical applications. Leukemia & Lymphoma, 30 (1-2), 11-+. Matikainen, S., Lehtonen, A., Sareneva, T. and Julkunen, I. (1998), Regulation of IRF and STAT gene expression by retinoic acid. Leukemia & Lymphoma, 30 (1-2), 63-71. Hofmanova, J., Kozubik, A., Dusek, L. and Pachernik, J. (1998), Inhibitors of lipoxygenase metabolism exert synergistic effects with retinoic acid on differentiation of human leukemia HL-60 cells. European Journal of Pharmacology, 350 (2-3), 273-284. Falanga, A., Consonni, R., Marchetti, M., Locatelli, G., Garattini, E., Passerini, C.G., Gordon, S.G. and Barbui, T. (1998), Cancer procoagulant and tissue factor are differently modulated by all-trans-retinoic acid in acute promyelocytic leukemia cells. Blood, 92 (1), 143-151. Kohroki, J., Norio, M.A., Tanaka, T., Itoh, N., Inada, A. and Tanaka, K. (1998), Induction of differentiation and apoptosis by dithizone in human myeloid leukemia cell lines. Leukemia Research, 22 (5), 405-412. Zemanova, K. and Smarda, J. (1998), Oncoprotein v-Myb and retinoic acid receptor alpha are mutual antagonists. Blood Cells Molecules and Diseases, 24 (11), 239-250. Cao, T.Y., Duprez, E., Borden, K.L.B., Freemont, P.S. and Etkin, L.D. (1998), Ret finger protein is a normal component of PML nuclear bodies and interacts directly with PML. Journal of Cell Science, 111), 1319-1329. Mozziconacci, M.J., Liberatore, C., Brunel, V., Grignani, F., Arnoulet, C., Ferrucci, P.F., Fernandez, F., Sainty, D., Pelicci, P.G., Birg, F. and Lafage-Pochitaloff, M. (1998), In vitro response to all-trans retinoic acid of acute promyelocytic leukemias with nonreciprocal PML/RARA or RARA/PML fusion genes. Genes Chromosomes & Cancer, 22 (3), 241-250. Murakami, K., Wierzba, K., Sano, M., Shibata, J., Yonekura, K., Hashimoto, A., Sato, K. and Yamada, Y. (1998), TAC-101, a benzoic acid derivative, inhibits liver metastasis of human gastrointestinal cancer and prolongs the life-span. Clinical & Experimental Metastasis, 16 (4), 323-331. Yang, K.D., Chao, C.Y. and Shaio, M.F. (1998), Pentoxifylline synergizes with all-trans retinoic acid to induce differentiation of HL-60 myelocytic cells, but suppresses tRA-augmented clonal growth of normal CFU-GM. Acta Haematologica, 99 (4), 191-199. Schaison, G.S. (1998), Acute promyelocytic leukemia in children. Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, 15 (3), 203-206. Bapna, A., Nair, R., Tapan, K.S., Nair, C.N., Kadam, P., Gladstone, B. and Advani, S.H. (1998), All-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA): Pediatric acute promyelocytic leukemia. Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, 15 (3), 243-248. Maruyama, K., Tsukada, T., Ohkura, N., Bandoh, S., Hosono, T. and Yamaguchi, K. (1998), The NGFI-B subfamily of the nuclear receptor superfamily (Review). International Journal of Oncology, 12 (6), 1237-1243. Zemanova, K. and Smarda, J. (1998), A possible cross-talk of retinoic acid- and TPA-driven myeloid differentiation pathways. Folia Biologica, 44 (3), 97-105. Okamura, T., Masuda, M., Arai, Y., Ishida, C., Shudou, K. and Mizoguchi, H. (1998), All-trans retinoic acid modulates Fas antigen expression and affects cell proliferation and apoptosis in combination with anti-Fas monoclonal antibody in the human myeloma cell line, U266B1. Experimental Hematology, 26 (6), 501-506. Gianni, M., Koken, M.H.M., Chelbi-Alix, M.K., Benoit, G., Lanotte, M., Chen, Z. and de The, H. (1998), Combined arsenic and retinoic acid treatment enhances differentiation and apoptosis in arsenic-resistant NB4 cells. Blood, 91 (11), 4300-4310. Simon, D., Koehrle, J., Reiners, C., Boerner, A.R., Schmutzler, C., Mainz, K., Goretzki, P.E. and Roeher, H.D. (1998), Redifferentiation therapy with retinoids: Therapeutic option for advanced follicular and papillary thyroid carcinoma. World Journal of Surgery, 22 (6), 569-574. Pfitzner, E., Kirfel, J., Becker, P., Rolke, A. and Schule, R. (1998), Physical interaction between retinoic acid receptor and the oncoprotein Myb inhibits retinoic acid-dependent transactivation. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 95 (10), 5539-5544. de The, H. (1998), Arsenic and retinoic acid, towards oncogene-targeted treatments of acute promyelocytic leukemia. Bulletin de l Academie Nationale de Medecine, 182 (1), 63-71. Sinha, A.A. and Heald, P. (1998), Advances in the management of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. Dermatologic Clinics, 16 (2), 301-+. Thomas, X., Anglaret, B., Campos, L., Thiebaut, A., Sabido, O., Bailly, M. and Archimbaud, E. (1998), Expression of beta 1-integrins and pseudo-immunoglobulins on acute promyelocytic leukemia cells and its modifications during in vitro differentiation. Leukemia Research, 22 (1), 61-68. Fenaux, P. and De Botton, S. (1998), Retinoic acid syndrome - Recognition, prevention and management. Drug Safety, 18 (4), 273-279. Collins, S.J. (1998), Acute promyelocytic leukemia: Relieving repression induces remission. Blood, 91 (8), 2631-2633. Camagna, A., Testa, U., Masciulli, R., Barberi, T., Samoggia, P., Tritarelli, E., Pustorino, E., Cipollone, L., Ciancio, L., Del Duca, P., Dionisi, S., Del Vecchio, L.R., Misasi, G., De Martinis, C. and Peschle, C. (1998), The synergistic effect of simultaneous addition of retinoic acid and vitamin D-3 on the in-vitro differentiation of human promyelocytic leukemia cell lines could be efficiently transposed in vivo. Medical Hypotheses, 50 (3), 253-257. Dzerk, A.M., Carlson, A., Loewen, G.R., Shirley, M.A. and Lee, J.W. (1998), A HPLC method for the determination of 9-cis retinoic acid (ALRT1057) and its 4-oxo metabolite in human plasma. Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis, 16 (6), 1013-1019. Matsushita, H., Kizaki, M., Kobayashi, H., Ueno, H., Muto, A., Takayama, N., Awaya, N., Kinjo, K., Hattori, Y. and Ikeda, Y. (1998), Restoration of retinoid sensitivity by MDR1 ribozymes in retinoic acid-resistant myeloid leukemic cells. Blood, 91 (7), 2452-2458. Conley, B.A., Egorin, M.J., Tait, N., Rosen, D.M., Sausville, E.A., Dover, G., Fram, R.J. and Van Echo, D.A. (1998), Phase I study of the orally administered butyrate prodrug, tributyrin, in patients with solid tumors. Clinical Cancer Research, 4 (3), 629-634. Budd, G.T., Adamson, P.C., Gupta, M., Homayoun, P., Sandstrom, S.K., Murphy, R.F., McLain, D., Tuason, L., Peereboom, D., Bukowski, R.M. and Ganapathi, R. (1998), Phase I/II trial of all-trans retinoic acid and tamoxifen in patients with advanced breast cancer. Clinical Cancer Research, 4 (3), 635-642. Campbell, M.J., Dawson, M. and Koeffler, H.P. (1998), Growth inhibition of DU-145 prostate cancer cells by a Bcl-2 antisense oligonucleotide is enhanced by N-(2-hydroxyphenyl)all-trans retinamide. British Journal of Cancer, 77 (5), 739-744. Takahashi, N., Iwahori, A., Breitman, T.R. and Fukui, T. (1997), Tunicamycin in combination with retinoic acid synergistically inhibits cell growth while decreasing palmitoylation and enhancing retinoylation of proteins in the human breast cancer cell line MCF-7. Oncology Research, 9 (10), 527-533. Rubnitz, J.E. and Look, A.T. (1998), Molecular genetics of childhood leukemias. Journal of Pediatric Hematology Oncology, 20 (1), 1-11. Dore, B.T., Chomienne, C. and Momparler, R.L. (1998), Effect of 5-aza-2 '-deoxycytidine and vitamin D-3 analogs on growth and differentiation of human myeloid leukemic cells. Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology, 41 (4), 275-280. Menendez, A., Svarch, E., Martinez, G. and Hernandez, P. (1998), Successful treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia using all-trans retinoic acid and erythropoietin in a Jehovah's Witness boy. Annals of Hematology, 76 (1), 43-44. Sporn, M.B. (1997), The war on cancer: A review. Cancer - Genetics and the Environment, 833), 137-146. Latagliata, R., Avvisati, G., Lo Coco, F., Petti, M.C., Diverio, D., Spadea, A., Fazi, P., Torromeo, C., Breccia, M., Malagnino, F. and Mandelli, F. (1997), The role of all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA) treatment in newly-diagnosed acute promyelocytic leukemia patients aged > 60 years. Annals of Oncology, 8 (12), 1273-1275. Toba, K., Azegami, T., Tsukada, N., Uesugi, Y., Kishi, K., Masuko, M., Niwano, H., Koike, T., Takahashi, H., Maekawa, T., Abe, T. and Aizawa, Y. (1998), Hematopoietic cytokine-dependent differentiation to eosinophils and neutrophils in a newly established acute promyelocytic leukemia cell line with t(15;17). Experimental Hematology, 26 (2), 135-142. Muller, S., Matunis, M.J. and Dejean, A. (1998), Conjugation with the ubiquitin-related modifier SUMO-1 regulates the partitioning of PML within the nucleus. Embo Journal, 17 (1), 61-70. N'Diaye, E.N., Vaissiere, C., Gonzalez-Christen, J., Gregoire, C., Le Cabec, V. and Maridonneau-Parini, I. (1997), Expression of NADPH oxidase is induced by all-trans retinoic acid but not by phorbol myristate acetate and 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D3 in the human promyelocytic cell line NB4. Leukemia, 11 (12), 2131-2136. Touhami, M., Fauvel-Lafeve, F., Da Silva, N., Chomienne, C. and Legrand, C. (1997), Induction of thrombospondin-1 by all-trans retinoic acid modulates growth and differentiation of HL-60 myeloid leukemia cells. Leukemia, 11 (12), 2137-2142. Mangiarotti, R., Danova, M., Alberici, R. and Pellicciari, C. (1998), All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA)-induced apoptosis is preceded by G(1) arrest in human MCF-7 breast cancer cells. British Journal of Cancer, 77 (2), 186-191. Asou, N., Adachi, K., Tamura, J., Kanamaru, A., Kageyama, S., Hiraoka, A., Omoto, E., Akiyama, H., Tsubaki, K., Saito, K., Kuriyama, K., Oh, H., Kitano, K., Miyawaki, S., Takeyama, K., Yamada, O., Nishikawa, K., Takahashi, M., Matsuda, S., Ohtake, S., Suzushima, H., Emi, N. and Ohno, R. (1998), Analysis of prognostic factors in newly diagnosed acute promyelocytic leukemia treated with all-trans retinoic acid and chemotherapy. Journal of Clinical Oncology, 16 (1), 78-85. Chen, Z., Wang, Z.Y. and Chen, S.J. (1997), Acute promyelocytic leukemia: Cellular and molecular basis of differentiation and apoptosis. Pharmacology & Therapeutics, 76 (1-3), 141-149. Sternsdorf, T., Jensen, K. and Will, H. (1997), Evidence for covalent modification of the nuclear dot-associated proteins PML and Sp100 by PIC1/SUMO-1. Journal of Cell Biology, 139 (7), 1621-1634. Keating, M.J. (1997), Leukemia: A model for drug development. Clinical Cancer Research, 3 (12), 2598-2604. Recchia, F., Sica, G., De Filippis, S., Rea, S. and Frati, L. (1997), Combined chemotherapy and differentiation therapy in the treatment of advanced non-small-cell lung cancer. Anticancer Research, 17 (5B), 3761-3765. Sternsdorf, T., Grotzinger, T., Jensen, K. and Will, H. (1997), Nuclear dots: Actors on many stages. Immunobiology, 198 (1-3), 307-331. Thomas, X., Anglaret, B., Thiebaut, A., Belhabri, A., Treille-Ritouet, D., Fiere, D. and Archimbaud, E. (1997), Improvement of prognosis in refractory and relapsed acute promyelocytic leukemia over recent years: the role of all-trans retinoic acid therapy. Annals of Hematology, 75 (5-6), 195-200. Yagi, J., Uchida, T., Kuroda, K. and Uchiyama, T. (1997), Influence of retinoic acid on the differentiation pathway of T cells in the thymus. Cellular Immunology, 181 (2), 153-162. Oconnor, S.J.M., Forsyth, P.D., Dalal, S., Evans, P.A., Short, M.A., Shiach, C., Jack, A.S. and Morgan, G.J. (1997), The rapid diagnosis of acute promyelocytic leukaemia using PML (5E10) monoclonal antibody. British Journal of Haematology, 99 (3), 597-604. Brown, P.D., Jurlander, J., PedersenBjergaard, J., Victor, M.A. and Geisler, C.H. (1997), The prognostic significance of chromosomal analysis and immunophenotyping in 117 patients with de novo acute myeloid leukemia. Leukemia Research, 21 (10), 985-995. Tashima, T., Kagechika, H., Tsuji, M., Fukasawa, H., Kawachi, E., Hashimoto, Y. and Shudo, K. (1997), Polyenylidene thiazolidine derivatives with retinoidal activities. Chemical & Pharmaceutical Bulletin, 45 (11), 1805-1813. Shirafuji, N., Takahashi, S., Matsuda, S. and Asano, S. (1997), Mitochondrial antisense RNA for cytochrome C oxidase (MARCO) can induce morphologic changes and cell death in human hematopoietic cell lines. Blood, 90 (11), 4567-4577. Ketley, N.J., Allen, P.D., Kelsey, S.M. and Newland, A.C. (1997), Modulation of idarubicin-induced apoptosis in human acute myeloid leukemia blasts by all-trans retinoic acid, 1,25(OH)(2) vitamin D3, and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor. Blood, 90 (11), 4578-4587. Inai, K., Tsutani, H., Yamauchi, T., Huberman, E., Nakamura, T. and Ueda, T. (1997), Differentiation induction in non-lymphocytic leukemia cells upon treatment with mizoribine. International Journal of Hematology, 66 (3), 335-344. Falini, B., Flenghi, L., Fagioli, M., LoCoco, F., Cordone, I., Diverio, D., Pasqualucci, L., Biondi, A., Riganelli, D., Orleth, A., Liso, A., Martelli, M.F., Pelicci, P.G. and Pileri, S. (1997), Immunocytochemical diagnosis of acute promyelocytic leukemia (M3) with the monoclonal antibody PG-M3 (anti-PML). Blood, 90 (10), 4046-4053. Degos, L. (1997), Differentiation therapy in acute promyelocytic leukemia: European experience. Journal of Cellular Physiology, 173 (2), 285-287. Pasquali, D., Bellastella, A., Valente, A., Botti, G., Capasso, I., delVecchio, S., Salvatore, M., Colantuoni, V. and Sinisi, A.A. (1997), Retinoic acid receptors alpha, beta and gamma, and cellular retinol binding protein-I expression in breast fibrocystic disease and cancer. European Journal of Endocrinology, 137 (4), 410-414. Niitsu, N., YamamotoYamaguchi, Y., Kanatani, Y., Shuto, S., Matsuda, A., Umeda, M. and Honma, Y. (1997), Neplanocin A, a potent inhibitor of S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase, potentiates granulocytic differentiation of acute promyelocytic leukemia cells induced by all-trans retinoic acid. Experimental Hematology, 25 (12), 1296-1303. Fujiwara, H., Arima, N., Matsushita, K., Hidaka, S., Ohtsubo, H., Fukumori, J., Arimura, K., Kukita, T. and Tanaka, H. (1997), Granulocyte-colony stimulating factor induces differentiation and apoptosis of CD2, CD7 positive hybrid leukemia cells in vivo and ex vivo. Leukemia Research , 21 (8), 735-741. Benbrook, D.M., Madler, M.M., Spruce, L.W., Birckbichler, P.J., Nelson, E.C., Subramanian, S., Weerasekare, G.M., Gale, J.B., Patterson, M.K., Wang, B.H., Wang, W., Lu, S.N., Rowland, T.C., DiSivestro, P., Lindamood, C., Hill, D.L. and Berlin, K.D. (1997), Biologically active heteroarotinoids exhibiting anticancer activity and decreased toxicity. Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 40 (22), 3567-3583. Look, A.T. (1997), Oncogenic transcription factors in the human acute leukemias. Science, 278 (5340), 1059-1064. Zheng, A., Savolainen, E.R. and Koistinen, P. (1997), All-trans retinoic acid induces apoptosis in acute myeloblastic leukaemia cells. Apoptosis, 2 (3), 319-329. Karp, D.D. and Law, A. (1997), Lung cancer chemoprevention and management of carcinoma in situ. Updates in Advances in Lung Cancer, 29), 1-20. Sundaresan, A., Claypool, K., Mehta, K., LopezBerestein, G., Cabanillas, F. and Ford, R.J. (1997), Retinoid-mediated inhibition of cell growth with stimulation of apoptosis in aggressive B-cell lymphomas. Cell Growth & Differentiation, 8 (10), 1071-1082. Fenaux, P. and Chomienne, C. (1997), Treatment of malignant hematology diseases with all transretinoic acid. Presse Medicale , 26 (29), 1399-1405. Ladenstein, R., Peters, C. and Gadner, H. (1997), The present role of bone marrow and stem cell transplantation in the therapy of children with acute leukemia. Challenges and Opportunities in Pediatric Oncology, 824), 38-64. Niikura, T., Hirata, R. and Weil, S.C. (1997), A novel interferon-inducible gene expressed during myeloid differentiation. Blood Cells Molecules and Diseases, 23 (17), 337-349. Chen, Z.X. and Breitman, T.R. (1997), Effects of prostaglandin E-2 and all-trans retinoic acid combination on induced differentiation of human acute promyelocytic leukemia NB4 cells. Chinese Medical Journal, 110 (10), 783-788. Mandelli, F. (1997), New strategies for the treatment of acute promyelocytic leukaemia. Journal of Internal Medicine, 242), 23-27. Tsushida, T. and Shinohara, K. (1997), Evaluation of physiological functionalities of horticultural products using mammalian cell culture. Journal of the Japanese Society for Food Science and Technology-Nippon Shokuhin Kagaku Kogaku Kaishi, 44 (9), 607-614. Tallman, M.S., Andersen, J.W., Schiffer, C.A., Appelbaum, F.R., Feusner, J.H., Ogden, A., Shepherd, L., Willman, C., Bloomfield, C.D., Rowe, J.M. and Wiernik, P.H. (1997), All-trans-retinoic acid in acute promyelocytic leukemia. New England Journal of Medicine, 337 (15), 1021-1028. Fenaux, P. and Degos, L. (1997), Differentiation therapy for acute promyelocytic leukemia. New England Journal of Medicine, 337 (15), 1076-1077. Rogers, M.B. (1997), Life-and-death decisions influenced by retinoids. Current Topics in Developmental Biology, Vol 35, 35), 1-46. Reichman, T.W., Albanell, J., Wang, X.N., Moore, M.A.S. and Studzinski, G.P. (1997), Downregulation of telomerase activity in HL60 cells by differentiating agents is accompanied by increased expression of telomerase-associated protein. Journal of Cellular Biochemistry, 67 (1), 13-23. Reynolds, W.F., Chang, E., Douer, D., Ball, E.D. and Kanda, V. (1997), An allelic association implicates myeloperoxidase in the etiology of acute promyelocytic leukemia. Blood, 90 (7), 2730-2737. Naka, K., Yokozaki, H., Domen, T., Hayashi, K., Kuniyasu, H., Yasui, W., Lotan, R. and Tahara, E. (1997), Growth inhibition of cultured human gastric cancer coils by 9-cis-retinoic acid with induction of cdk inhibitor Waf1/Cip1/Sdi1/p21 protein. Differentiation, 61 (5), 313-320. NasonBurchenal, K., Maerz, W., Albanell, J., Allopenna, J., Martin, P., Moore, M.A.S. and Dmitrovsky, E. (1997), Common defects of different retinoic acid resistant promyelocytic leukemia cells are persistent telomerase activity and nuclear body disorganization. Differentiation, 61 (5), 321-331. Niitsu, N., Umeda, M. and Honma, Y. (1997), Induction of differentiation of human myeloid leukemia cells by 2'-deoxycoformycin in combination with 2'-deoxyadenosine. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 238 (1), 100-106. Colovic, M.D., Jankovic, G.M., Elezovic, I., Vidovic, A., Bila, J.S., Novak, A. and Babic, D. (1997), Effect of all-trans-retinoic acid alone or in combination with chemotherapy in newly diagnosed acute promyelocytic leukaemia. Medical Oncology, 14 (2), 65-72. James, S.Y., Wiliams, M.A., Kelsey, S.M., Newland, A.C. and Colston, K.W. (1997), The role of vitamin D derivatives and retinoids in the differentiation of human leukaemia cells. Biochemical Pharmacology, 54 (5), 625-634. Hill, D.P. and Robertson, K.A. (1997), Characterization of the cholinergic neuronal differentiation of the human neuroblastoma cell line LA-N-5 after treatment with retinoic acid. Developmental Brain Research, 102 (1), 53-67. Li, J.Y., English, M.A., Ball, H.J., Yeyati, P.L., Waxman, S. and Licht, J.D. (1997), Sequence-specific DNA binding and transcriptional regulation by the promyelocytic leukemia zinc finger protein. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 272 (36), 22447-22455. Kawa, S., Nikaido, T., Aoki, Y., Zhai, Y.L., Kumagaya, T., Furihata, K., Fujii, S. and Kiyosawa, K. (1997), Arotinoid mofarotene (RO40-8757) up-regulates p21 and p27 during growth inhibition of pancreatic cancer cell lines. International Journal of Cancer, 72 (5), 906-911. Grimwade, D. and Solomon, E. (1997), Characterisation of the PML/RAR alpha rearrangement associated with t(15;17) acute promyelocytic leukaemia. Chromosomal Translocations and Oncogenic Transcription Factors, 220), 81-112. Lenny, N., Westendorf, J.J. and Hiebert, S.W. (1997), Transcriptional regulation during myelopoiesis. Molecular Biology Reports, 24 (3), 157-168. Karp, D.D. (1997), Lung cancer chemoprevention and management of carcinoma in situ. Seminars in Oncology, 24 (4), 402-410. Asou, N., Adachi, K., Tamura, J., Kanamaru, A., Kageyama, S., Hiraoka, A., Omoto, E., Sakamaki, H., Tsubaki, K., Saito, K. and Ohno, R. (1997), All-trans retinoic acid therapy for newly diagnosed acute promyelocytic leukemia: Comparison with intensive chemotherapy. Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology, 40), S30-S35. Kitamura, K., Kiyoi, H., Yoshida, H., Tobita, T., Takeshita, A., Ohno, R. and Naoe, T. (1997), New retinoids and arsenic compounds for the treatment of refractory acute promyelocytic leukemia: Clinical and basic studies for the next generation. Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology, 40), S36-S41. Dmitrovsky, E. (1997), N-(4-hydroxyphenyl)retinamide activation of a distinct pathway signaling apoptosis. Journal of the National Cancer Institute, 89 (16), 1179-1181. Wang, X.N., Gardner, J.P., Kheir, A., Uskokovic, M.R. and Studzinski, G.P. (1997), Synergistic induction of HL60 cell differentiation by ketoconazole and 1-desoxy analogues of vitamin D-3. Journal of the National Cancer Institute, 89 (16), 1199-1206. Mandelli, F., Diverio, D., Avvisati, G., Luciano, A., Barbui, T., Bernasconi, C., Broccia, G., Cerri, R., Falda, M., Fioritoni, G., Leoni, F., Liso, V., Petti, M.C., Rodeghiero, F., Saglio, G., Vegna, M.L., Visani, G., Jehn, U., Willemze, R., Muus, P., Pelicci, P.G., Biondi, A. and LoCoco, F. (1997), Molecular remission in PML/RAR alpha-positive acute promyelocytic leukemia by combined all-trans retinoic acid and Idarubicin (AIDA) therapy. Blood, 90 (3), 1014-1021. DaSilva, N., MeyerMonard, S., Menot, M.L., Degos, L., Baruchel, A., Dombret, H. and Chomienne, C. (1997), G-CSF activates STAT pathways in Kasumi-1 myeloid leukemic cells with the t(8; 21) translocation: Basis for potential therapeutic efficacy. Cytokines Cellular & Molecular Therapy , 3 (2), 75-80. Kubohara, Y. (1997), DIF-1, putative morphogen of D-discoideum, suppresses cell growth and promotes retinoic acid-induced cell differentiation in HL-60. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications , 236 (2), 418-422. Bower, M., Fife, K., Landau, D., Gracie, F., Phillips, R.H. and Gazzard, B.G. (1997), Phase II trial of 13-cis-retinoic acid for poor risk HIV-associated Kaposi's sarcoma. International Journal of Std & Aids, 8 (8), 518-521. Cheng, A.L., Chuang, S.F. and Su, I.J. (1997), Factors associated with the therapeutic efficacy of retinoic acids on malignant lymphomas. Journal of the Formosan Medical Association, 96 (7), 525-534. Ruthardt, M., Testa, U., Nervi, C., Ferrucci, P.F., Grignani, F., Puccetti, E., Grignani, F., Peschle, C. and Pelicci, P.G. (1997), Opposite effects of the acute promyelocytic leukemia PML-retinoic acid receptor alpha (RAR alpha) and PLZF-RAR alpha fusion proteins on retinoic acid signalling. Molecular and Cellular Biology, 17 (8), 4859-4869. Kurzer, M.S. and Xu, X. (1997), Dietary phytoestrogens. Annual Review of Nutrition, 17), 353-381. Makishima, M. and Honma, Y. (1997), Tretinoin tocoferil as a possible differentiation-inducing agent against myelomonocytic leukemia. Leukemia & Lymphoma, 26 (1-2), 43-48. Kizaki, M., Ueno, H., Matsushita, H., Takayama, N., Muto, A., Awaya, N. and Ikeda, Y. (1997), Retinoid resistance in leukemic cells. Leukemia & Lymphoma, 25 (5-6), 427-&. Hua, D.H., Saha, S. and Takemoto, D.J. (1997), Anticancer activities of 2,5,8,9-substituted 6-oxo-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexahydrophenanthridines on multi-drug-resistant phenotype cells. Anticancer Research, 17 (4A), 2435-2441. vanderLeede, B.M., vandenBrink, C.E., Pijnappel, W.W.M., Sonneveld, E., vanderSaag, P.T. and vanderBurg, B. (1997), Autoinduction of retinoic acid metabolism to polar derivatives with decreased biological activity in retinoic acid-sensitive, but not in retinoic acid-resistant human breast cancer cells. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 272 (29), 17921-17928. Frankenberger, M., Hofmann, B., Emmerich, B., Nerl, C., Schwendener, R.A. and ZieglerHeitbrock, H.W.L. (1997), Liposomal 1,25 (OH)(2) vitamin D-3 compounds block proliferation and induce differentiation in myelomonocytic leukaemia cells. British Journal of Haematology, 98 (1), 186-194. Chou, W.C., Tang, J.L., Yao, M., Liang, Y.J., Lee, F.Y., Lin, M.T., Wang, C.H., Shen, M.C., Chen, Y.C. and Tien, H.F. (1997), Clinical and biological characteristics of acute promyelocytic leukemia in Taiwan: A high relapse rate in patients with high initial and peak white blood cell counts during all-trans retinoic acid treatment. Leukemia, 11 (7), 921-928. Shapiro, J., Brown, S., Briggs, P., Stanley, R., Griffiths, J., Brodie, G. and Richardson, G. (1997), Adult acute leukaemia - A retrospective study of 66 consecutive patients. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Medicine, 27 (3), 301-306. Sutton, L.M., Warmuth, M.A., Petros, W.P. and Winer, E.P. (1997), Pharmacokinetics and clinical impact of all-trans retinoic acid in metastatic breast cancer: A phase II trial. Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology, 40 (4), 335-341. deVos, S., Dawson, M.I., Holden, S., Le, T., Wang, A., Cho, S.K., Chen, D.L. and Koeffler, H.P. (1997), Effects of retinoid X receptor-selective ligands on proliferation of prostate cancer cells. Prostate , 32 (2), 115-121. Hatake, K., Uwai, M., Ohtsuki, T., Tomizuka, H., Izumi, T., Yoshida, M. and Miura, Y. (1997), Rare but important adverse effects of all-trans retinoic acid in acute promyelocytic leukemia and their management. International Journal of Hematology, 66 (1), 13-19. Oka, Y. and Takeda, K. (1997), Retinoic acid combined with GM-CSF induces morphological changes with segmented nuclei in human myeloblastic leukemia ML-1 cells. Anticancer Research, 17 (3C), 1951-1955. Phuphanich, S., Scott, C., Fischbach, A.J., Langer, C. and Yung, W.K.A. (1997), All-trans-retinoic acid: A phase II radiation therapy oncology group study (RTOG 91-13) in patients with recurrent malignant astrocytoma. Journal of Neuro-Oncology, 34 (2), 193-200. Hsu, C.A., Rishi, A.K., Suli, X., Gerald, T.M., Dawson, M.I., Schiffer, C., Reichert, U., Shroot, B., Poirer, G.C. and Fontana, J.A. (1997), Retinoid induced apoptosis in leukemia cells through a retinoic acid nuclear receptor-independent pathway. Blood, 89 (12), 4470-4479. Bruel, A., Karsenty, E., Schmid, M., McDonnell, T.J. and Lanotte, M. (1997), Altered sensitivity to retinoid-induced apoptosis associated with changes in the subcellular distribution of bcl-2. Experimental Cell Research, 233 (2), 281-287. Yaguchi, M., Miyazawa, K., Katagiri, T., Nishimaki, J., Kizaki, M., Tohyama, K. and Toyama, K. (1997), Vitamin K2 and its derivatives induce apoptosis in leukemia cells and enhance the effect of all-trans retinoic acid. Leukemia, 11 (6), 779-787. Mahon, F.X., Chahine, H., Barbot, C., Pigeonnier, V., Jazwiec, B., Reiffers, J. and Ripoche, J. (1997), All-trans retinoic acid potentiates the inhibitory effects of interferon alpha on chronic myeloid leukemia progenitors in vitro. Leukemia, 11 (5), 667-673. Lu, X.P., Fanjul, A., Picard, N., Pfahl, M., Rungta, D., NaredHood, K., Carter, B., Piedrafita, J., Tang, S.P., Fabbrizio, E. and Pfahl, M. (1997), Novel retinoid-related molecules as apoptosis inducers and effective inhibitors of human lung cancer cells in vivo. Nature Medicine, 3 (6), 686-690. Huang, C.S., Ma, W.Y., Dawson, M.I., Rincon, M., Flavell, R.A. and Dong, Z.G. (1997), Blocking activator protein-1 activity, but not activating retinoic acid response element, is required for the antitumor promotion effect of retinoic acid. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 94 (11), 5826-5830. Tanaka, T. (1997), Chemoprevention of human cancer: Biology and therapy. Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology, 25 (3), 139-174. Simms, L.A., Zou, T.T., Young, J., Shi, Y.Q., Lei, J.Y., Appel, R., Rhyu, M.G., Sugimura, H., ChenevixTrench, G., Souza, R.F., Meltzer, S.J. and Leggett, B.A. (1997), Apparent protection from instability of repeat sequences in cancer-related genes in replication error positive gastrointestinal cancers. Oncogene, 14 (21), 2613-2618. Regazzi, M.B., Iacona, I., Gervasutti, C., Lazzarino, M. and Toma, S. (1997), Clinical pharmacokinetics of tretinoin. Clinical Pharmacokinetics, 32 (5), 382-402. Koga, H., Fujita, I. and Miyazaki, S. (1997), Effects of all-trans-retinoic acid on superoxide generation in intact neutrophils and a cell-free system. British Journal of Haematology, 97 (2), 300-305. Momparler, R.L., Cote, S. and Eliopoulos, N. (1997), Pharmacological approach for optimization of the dose schedule of 5-Aza-2'-deoxycytidine (Decitabine) for the therapy of leukemia (Reprinted from Leukemia, vol 11, pg 175-180, 1997). Leukemia, 11), S1-S6. Nishimoto, N., Suematsu, S. and Kishimoto, T. (1997), Plasma cell dyscrasias. Advances in Immunology, Vol 64, 64), 219-281. Jiang, W.Q. and Ringertz, N. (1997), Altered distribution of the promyelocytic leukemia-associated protein is associated with cellular senescence. Cell Growth & Differentiation, 8 (5), 513-522. Chen, G.Q., Shi, X.G., Tang, W., Xiong, S.M., Zhu, J., Cai, X., Han, Z.G., Ni, J.H., Shi, G.Y., Jia, P.M., Liu, M.M., He, K.L., Niu, C., Ma, J., Zhang, P., Zhang, T.D., Paul, P., Naoe, T., Kitamura, K., Miller, W., Waxman, S., Wang, Z.Y., deThe, H., Chen, S.J. and Chen, Z. (1997), Use of arsenic trioxide (As2O3) in the treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) .1. As2O3 exerts dose-dependent dual effects on APL cells. Blood, 89 (9), 3345-3353. Studzinski, G.P., Rathod, B., Wang, Q.M., Rao, J. and Zhang, F. (1997), Uncoupling of cell cycle arrest from the expression of monocytic differentiation markers in HL60 cell variants. Experimental Cell Research, 232 (2), 376-387. Chao, T.Y., Jiang, S.Y., Shyu, R.Y., Yeh, M.Y. and Chu, T.M. (1997), All-trans retinoic acid decreases susceptibility of a gastric cancer cell line to lymphokine-activated killer cytotoxicity. British Journal of Cancer, 75 (9), 1284-1290. Sham, R.L. (1997), Acute promyelocytic leukemia - From the bench to the bedside. Leukemia Research, 21 (4), 295-297. Pakkala, I., Savli, H., Knuutila, S., Binderup, L. and Pakkala, S. (1997), CB1093, a novel vitamin D analog; Effects on differentiation and clonal growth on HL-60 and de novo leukemia cells. Leukemia Research, 21 (4), 321-326. Incerpi, M.H., Miller, D.A., Posen, R. and Byrne, J.D. (1997), All-trans retinoic acid for the treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia in pregnancy. Obstetrics and Gynecology, 89 (5), 826-828. Takeuchi, M., Yano, T., Omoto, E., Takahashi, K., Kibata, M., Shudo, K., Ueda, R., Ohno, R. and Harada, M. (1997), Re-induction of complete remission with a new synthetic retinoid, Am-80, for relapse of acute promyelocytic leukaemia previously treated with all-trans retinoic acid. British Journal of Haematology, 97 (1), 137-140. Bergh, G., Ehinger, M., Olofsson, T., Baldetorp, B., Johnsson, E., Brycke, H., Lindgren, G., Olsson, I. and Gullberg, U. (1997), Altered expression of the retinoblastoma tumor-suppressor gene in leukemic cell lines inhibits induction of differentiation but not G1-accumulation. Blood, 89 (8), 2938-2950. Umemiya, H., Kagechika, H., Fukasawa, H., Kawachi, E., Ebisawa, M., Hashimoto, Y., Eisenmann, G., Erb, C., Pornon, A., Chambon, P., Gronemeyer, H. and Shudo, K. (1997), Action mechanism of retinoid-synergistic dibenzodiazepines. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 233 (1), 121-125. Liu, Y.H., Chang, R.L., Cui, X.X., Newmark, H.L. and Conney, A.H. (1997), Synergistic effects of curcumin on all-trans retinoic acid- and 1 alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D-3-induced differentiation in human promyelocytic leukemia HL-60 cells. Oncology Research, 9 (1), 19-29. Watanabe, R., Murata, M., Takayama, N., Tokuhira, M., Kizaki, M., Okamoto, S., Kawai, Y., Watanabe, K., Murakami, H., Kikuchi, M., Nakamura, S. and Ikeda, Y. (1997), Long-term follow-up of hemostatic molecular markers during remission induction therapy with all-trans retinoic acid for acute promyelocytic leukemia. Thrombosis and Haemostasis, 77 (4), 641-645. Skopinska, M., Majewski, S., Bollag, W. and Jablonska, S. (1997), Calcitriol and isotretinoin combined therapy for precancerous and cancerous skin lesions. Journal of Dermatological Treatment, 8 (1), 5-10. Tomoyasu, S., Fukuchi, K., Watanabe, K., Ueno, H., Hamano, Y., Hisatake, J., Hino, K., Gomi, K. and Tsuruoka, N. (1997), Reversibility of monocytic differentiation of HL-60 cells by 1 alpha,25 dihydroxyvitamin D-3. Leukemia Research, 21 (3), 217-224. Ye, J., Qi, C., Su, X.Y., Huang, Q.H., Ma, Z.G., Wang, Z.Y., Huang, W., Chen, Z. and Chen, S.J. (1997), Biological and clinical significance of cytogenetic study on 100 acute lymphoblastic leukemia and 219 acute non-lymphoblastic leukemia. Chinese Medical Journal, 110 (2), 90-95. Sacchi, S., Russo, D., Avvisati, G., Dastoli, G., Lazzarino, M., Pelicci, P.G., Bonora, M.R., Visani, G., Grassi, C., Iacona, I., Luzzi, L. and Vanzanelli, P. (1997), All-trans retinoic acid in hematological malignancies. An update. Haematologica, 82 (1), 106-118. David, G., Terris, B., Marchio, A., Lavau, C. and Dejean, A. (1997), The acute promyelocytic leukemia PML-RAR alpha protein induces hepatic preneoplastic and neoplastic lesions in transgenic mice. Oncogene, 14 (13), 1547-1554. Duprez, E., Tong, J.H., Derre, J., Chen, S.J., Berger, R., Chen, Z. and Lanotte, M. (1997), JEM-1, a novel gene encoding a leucine-zipper nuclear factor upregulated during retinoid-induced maturation of NB4 promyelocytic leukaemia. Oncogene, 14 (13), 1563-1570. Labrecque, J., Bhat, P.V. and Lacroix, A. (1997), Regulation of synthesis of all-trans and 9-cis retinoic acids: Role of a new retinal dehydrogenase. M S-Medecine Sciences, 13 (3), 345-352. Chim, C.S., Kwong, Y.L., Liang, R., Chu, Y.C., Chan, C.H., Chan, L.C., Wong, K.F. and Chan, T.K. (1996), All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) in the treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). Hematological Oncology, 14 (3), 147-154. Kitamura, K., Yoshida, H., Ohno, R. and Naoe, T. (1997), Toxic effects of arsenic (As3+) and other metal ions on acute promyelocytic leukemia cells. International Journal of Hematology, 65 (2), 179-185. Cornic, M., Delva, L., Castaigne, S., Lefebvre, P., Balitrand, N., Degos, L. and Chomienne, C. (1996), Acquired resistance to all-trans retinoic acid therapy in acute promyelocytic leukemia. Onkologie, 19), 10-13. Grillier, I., Umiel, T., Elstner, E., Collins, S.J. and Koeffler, H.P. (1997), Alterations of differentiation, clonal proliferation, cell cycle progression and bcl-2 expression in RAR alpha-altered sublines of HL-60. Leukemia, 11 (3), 393-400. Sitterlin, D., Tiollais, P. and Transy, C. (1997), The RAR alpha-PLZF chimera associated with Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia has retained a sequence-specific DNA-binding domain. Oncogene, 14 (9), 1067-1074. Fiore, P., Castagnola, E., Marchese, N., Dufour, C., Garaventa, A., Mangraviti, S. and CornagliaFerraris, P. (1997), Retinol (Vitamin A) and retinol-binding protein serum levels in children with cancer at onset. Nutrition, 13 (1), 17-20. Dai, S., Morre, D.J., Geilen, C.C., AlmondRoesler, B., Orfanos, C.E. and Morre, D.M. (1997), Inhibition of plasma membrane NADH oxidase activity and growth of HeLa cells by natural and synthetic retinoids. Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, 166 (1-2), 101-109. Samochatova, E.V. and Rumyantsev, A.G. (1996), Acute promyelocytic leukemia: Model of differential therapy. Gematologiya I Transfuziologiya, 41 (2), 29-32. Maschan, A.A., Klebanova, N.G., Myakova, N.V., Tiganova, O.A., Timakov, A.M. and Samochatova, E.V. (1996), Acute promyelocytic leukemia in children: Treatment with all-transretinoic acid. Gematologiya I Transfuziologiya, 41 (2), 43-45. Fenaux, P., Chomienne, C. and Degos, L. (1997), Acute promyelocytic leukemia: Biology and treatment. Seminars in Oncology, 24 (1), 92-102. Ferrero, D., Carlesso, N., Bresso, P., Roux, V., Pregno, P., Gallo, E. and Pileri, A. (1997), Suppression of in vitro maintenance of non-promyelocytic myeloid leukemia clonogenic cells by all-trans retinoic acid: Modulating effects of dihydroxylated vitamin D3, alpha interferon and 'stem cell factor'. Leukemia Research, 21 (1), 51-58. Momparler, R.L., Cote, S. and Eliopoulos, N. (1997), Pharmacological approach for optimization of the dose schedule of 5-Aza-2'-deoxycytidine (Decitabine) for the therapy of leukemia. Leukemia, 11 (2), 175-180. Park, J.P., Fairweather, R.B. and Mohandas, T.K. (1997), Isochromosome for derivative 17q in acute promyelocytic leukemia: Evidence for two copies of PML-RARA and favorable response to all-trans-retinoic acid therapy. Genes Chromosomes & Cancer, 18 (2), 151-153. Warrell, R.P. (1997), Clinical and molecular aspects of retinoid therapy for acute promyelocytic leukemia. International Journal of Cancer, 70 (4), 496-497. Saito, H., Nakatsuru, S., Inazawa, J., Nishihira, T., Park, J.G. and Nakamura, Y. (1997), Frequent association of alternative splicing of NER, a nuclear hormone receptor gene in cancer tissues. Oncogene, 14 (5), 617-621. Conley, B.A., Egorin, M.J., Sridhara, R., Finley, R., Hemady, R., Wu, S.L., Tait, N.S. and VanEcho, D.A. (1997), Phase I clinical trial of all-trans-retinoic acid with correlation of its pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics. Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology, 39 (4), 291-299. Trump, D.L., Smith, D.C., Stiff, D., Adedoyin, A., Day, R., Bahnson, R.R., Hofacker, J. and Branch, R.A. (1997), A phase II trial of all-trans-retinoic acid in hormone-refractory prostate cancer: A clinical trial with detailed pharmacokinetic analysis. Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology, 39 (4), 349-356. Sunaga, S., Maki, K., Lagasse, E., Blanco, J.C.G., Ozato, K., Miyazaki, J. and Ikuta, K. (1997), Myeloid differentiation is impaired in transgenic mice with targeted expression of a dominant negative form of retinoid X receptor beta. British Journal of Haematology, 96 (1), 19-30. Malpas, J.S. (1996), Cancer in children - Introduction. British Medical Bulletin, 52 (4), 671-681. Doucas, V. and Evans, R.M. (1996), The PML nuclear compartment and cancer. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta-Reviews on Cancer, 1288 (3), M25-M29. Losada, R., Espinosa, E., Hernandez, C., Dorticos, E. and Hernandez, P. (1996), Thrombocytosis in patients with acute promyelocytic leukaemia during all-trans retinoic acid treatment. British Journal of Haematology, 95 (4), 704-705. Visani, G., Manfroi, S., Tosi, P. and Martinelli, G. (1996), All-trans-retinoic acid and Pseudotumor cerebri. Leukemia & Lymphoma, 23 (5-6), 437-442. Garattini, E. and Gianni, M. (1996), Leukocyte alkaline phosphatase a specific marker for the post-mitotic neutrophilic granulocyte: Regulation in acute promyelocytic leukemia. Leukemia & Lymphoma, 23 (5-6), 493-503. Lazzarino, M., Regazzi, M.B. and Corso, A. (1996), Clinical relevance of all-trans retinoic acid pharmacokinetics and its modulation in acute promyelocytic leukemia. Leukemia & Lymphoma, 23 (5-6), 539-543. Mu, Z.M., Le, X.F., Glassman, A.B. and Chang, K.S. (1996), The biologic function of PML and its role in acute promyelocytic leukemia. Leukemia & Lymphoma, 23 (3-4), 277-+. Visani, G., Tosi, P., Ottaviani, E., Zaccaria, A., Baccini, C., Manfroi, S., Pastano, R., Remiddi, C., Morelli, A., Molinari, A.L., Zanchini, R. and Tura, S. (1996), All-trans retinoic acid and in vitro cytokine production by acute promyelocytic leukemia cells. European Journal of Haematology, 57 (4), 301-306. Chaufour, S., Mehlen, P. and Arrigo, A.P. (1996), Transient accumulation, phosphorylation and changes In the oligomerization of Hsp27 during retinoic acid-induced differentiation of HL-60 cells: Possible role in the control of cellular growth and differentiation. Cell Stress & Chaperones, 1 (4), 225-235. Usuki, K., Urabe, A., Tojo, A., Moriwaki, H., Tsurumi, H., Ikeda, Y., Kizaki, M., Toyama, K., Aizawa, M., Inai, K., Muto, Y., Asano, S. and Takaku, F. (1996), Differentiation effect of acyclic retinoid on acute promyelocytic leukemia cells. Annals of Hematology, 73 (5), 219-224. Yung, W.K.A., Kyritsis, A.P., Gleason, M.J. and Levin, V.A. (1996), Treatment of recurrent malignant gliomas with high-dose 13-cis-retinoic acid. Clinical Cancer Research, 2 (12), 1931-1935. Liu, M., Iavarone, A. and Freedman, L.P. (1996), Transcriptional activation of the human p21(WAF1/CIP1) gene by retinoic acid receptor - Correlation with retinoid induction of U937 cell differentiation. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 271 (49), 31723-31728. Dore, B.T. and Momparler, R.L. (1996), Mutation in the ligand-binding domain of the retinoic acid receptor alpha in HL-60 leukemic cells resistant to retinoic acid and with increased sensitivity to vitamin D-3 analogs. Leukemia Research, 20 (9), 761-769. NasonBurchenal, K., Gandini, D., Botto, M., Allopenna, J., Seale, J.R.C., Cross, N.C.P., Goldman, J.M., Dmitrovsky, E. and Pandolfi, P.P. (1996), Interferon augments PML and PML/RAR alpha expression in normal myeloid and acute promyelocytic cells and cooperates with all-trans retinoic acid to induce maturation of a retinoid-resistant promyelocytic cell line. Blood, 88 (10), 3926-3936. Nakajima, H., Kizaki, M., Ueno, H., Muto, A., Takayama, N., Matsushita, H., Sonoda, A. and Ikeda, Y. (1996), All-trans and 9-cis retinoic acid enhance 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D-3-induced monocytic differentiation of U937 cells. Leukemia Research, 20 (8), 665-676. Tosi, P., Visani, G., Ottaviani, E., Pellacani, A., Manfroi, S. and Tura, S. (1996), Retinoids increase idarubicin cytotoxicity in human myeloid leukemia cell lines. Anti-Cancer Drugs, 7 (7), 774-779. Langenfeld, J., Lonardo, F., Kiyokawa, H., Passalaris, T., Ahn, M.J., Rusch, V. and Dmitrovsky, E. (1996), Inhibited transformation of immortalized human bronchial epithelial cells by retinoic acid is linked to cyclin E down-regulation. Oncogene, 13 (9), 1983-1990. vonSchilling, C., Duyster, J. and Herrmann, F. (1996), Progress in understanding the development of leukemia - Consequences for clinical studies. Internist, 37 (10), 971-981. Kim, D.G., Jo, B.H., You, K.R. and Ahn, D.S. (1996), Apoptosis induced by retinoic acid in Hep 3B cells in vitro. Cancer Letters, 107 (1), 149-159. Raelson, J.V., Nervi, C., Rosenauer, A., Benedetti, L., Monczak, Y., Pearson, M., Pelicci, P.G. and Miller, W.H. (1996), The PML/RAR alpha oncoprotein is a direct molecular target of retinoic acid in acute promyelocytic leukemia cells. Blood, 88 (8), 2826-2832. Egawa, N., Maillet, B., VanDamme, B., DeGreve, J. and Kloppel, G. (1996), Differentiation of pancreatic carcinoma induced by retinoic acid or sodium butyrate: A morphological and molecular analysis of four cell lines. Virchows Archiv-An International Journal of Pathology, 429 (1), 59-68. Davis, B.A., Cervi, P., Amin, Z., Moshi, G., Shaw, P. and Porter, J. (1996), Retinoic acid syndrome: Pulmonary computed tomography (CT) findings. Leukemia & Lymphoma, 23 (1-2), 113-117. Scott, L.M., Mueller, L. and Collins, S.J. (1996), E3, a hematopoietic-specific transcript directly regulated by the retinoic acid receptor alpha. Blood, 88 (7), 2517-2530. Collins, S.J. and Tsai, S. (1996), Retinoic acid receptors in hematopoiesis. ), 7-15. Grignani, F. and Pelicci, P.G. (1996), Pathogenetic role of the PML/RAR alpha fusion protein in acute promyelocytic leukemia. Molecular Aspects of Myeloid Stem Cell Development, 211), 269-278. Kim, J.W., Kim, Y.T., Choi, S.M., Kim, D.K. and Song, C.H. (1996), Effect of 13-cis-retinoic acid with neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with squamous cervical carcinoma. American Journal of Clinical Oncology-Cancer Clinical Trials, 19 (5), 442-444. Nucifora, E., Fantl, D., Goldstein, S. and Kusminsky, G. (1996), Acute promyelocytic leukemia. Argentine experience with all-transretinoic acid. Medicina-Buenos Aires, 56 (4), 333-338. Breitman, T.R. and Takahashi, N. (1996), Retinoylation of proteins in mammalian cells. Biochemical Society Transactions, 24 (3), 723-727. Tapiovaara, H., Alitalo, R. and Vaheri, A. (1996), Plasminogen activation on tumor cell surface and its involvement in human leukemia. Advances in Cancer Research, Vol 69, 69), 101-133. Grimwade, D., Howe, K., Langabeer, S., Davies, L., Oliver, F., Walker, H., Swirsky, D., Wheatley, K., Goldstone, A., Burnett, A. and Solomon, E. (1996), Establishing the presence of the t(15;17) in suspected acute promyelocytic leukaemia: Cytogenetic, molecular and PML immunofluorescence assessment of patients entered into the MRC ATRA trial. British Journal of Haematology, 94 (3), 557-573. Parma, M., Casaroli, I. and Pogliani, E.M. (1996), Occurrence of cerebellar thrombohemorrhage during all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) therapy in a case of acute promyelocytic leukemia. Haematologica, 81 (4), 379-380. Nojiri, H. (1996), Discovery of a novel bioactivity of gangliosides: Gangliosides as differentiation-inducers for human leukemic cells and mechanism(s) of their action. Seikagaku, 68 (8), 1429-1444. Kizaki, M., Matsushita, H., Takayama, N., Muto, A., Ueno, H., Awaya, N., Kawai, Y., Asou, H., Kamada, N. and Ikeda, Y. (1996), Establishment and characterization of a novel acute promyelocytic leukemia cell line (UF-1) with retinoic acid-resistant features. Blood, 88 (5), 1824-1833. Nagpal, S. and Chandraratna, R.A.S. (1996), Retinoids as anti-cancer agents. Current Pharmaceutical Design, 2 (3), 295-316. Tsai, S. (1996), Differential effects of c-fms and c-kit ligands on the lineage development of the lymphohematopoietic cell line EML C1. Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology, 38 ), S58-S63. Kaba, S.E., Langford, L.A., Yung, W.K.A. and Kyritsis, A.P. (1996), Resolution of recurrent malignant ganglioglioma after treatment with cis-retinoic acid. Journal of Neuro-Oncology, 30 (1), 55-60. Avvisati, G., LoCoco, F., Diverio, D., Falda, M., Ferrara, F., Lazzarino, M., Russo, D., Petti, M.C. and Mandelli, F. (1996), AIDA (all-trans retinoic acid plus idarubicin) in newly diagnosed acute promyelocytic leukemia: A Gruppo Italiano Malattie Ematologiche Maligne dell'Adulto (GIMEMA) Pilot study. Blood, 88 (4), 1390-1398. Goto, I., YamamotoYamaguchi, Y. and Honma, Y. (1996), Enhancement of sensitivity of human lung adenocarcinoma cells to growth-inhibitory activity of interferon alpha by differentiation-inducing agents. British Journal of Cancer, 74 (4), 546-554. AlBahar, S., Pandita, R. and Hoffbrand, A.V. (1996), Bilateral osteonecrosis of the head of the femur complicating acute promyelocytic leukemia: A sequel to treatment of retinoic acid syndrome with dexamethasone. Acta Haematologica, 96 (2), 88-91. Chen, G.Q., Zhu, J., Shi, X.G., Ni, J.H., Zhong, H.J., Si, G.Y., Jin, X.L., Tang, W., Li, X.S., Xong, S.M., Shen, Z.X., Sun, G.L., Ma, J., Zhang, P., Zhang, T.D., Gazin, C., Naoe, T., Chen, S.J., Wang, Z.Y. and Chen, Z. (1996), In vitro studies on cellular and molecular mechanisms of arsenic trioxide (As2O3) in the treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia: As2O3 induces NB4 cell apoptosis with downregulation of bcl-2 expression and modulation of PML-RAR alpha/PML proteins. Blood, 88 (3), 1052-1061. Chytil, F. (1996), Safety aspects of vitamin A administration. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 50), S21-S23. Sham, R.L., Phatak, P.D., Belanger, K.A. and Packman, C.H. (1996), The effect of dexamethasone on functional properties of HL60 cells during all-trans retinoic acid induced differentiation. Are there implications for the retinoic acid syndrome? Blood Cells Molecules and Diseases, 22 (14), 139-149. Tallman, M.S. (1996), Differentiating therapy in acute myeloid leukemia. Leukemia, 10 (8), 1262-1268. Kane, J.R., Head, D.R., Balazs, L., Hulshof, M.G., Motroni, T.A., Raimondi, S.C., Carroll, A.J., Beh, F.G., Krance, R.A., Shurtleff, S.A. and Downing, J.R. (1996), Molecular analysis of the PML/RAR alpha chimeric gene in pediatric acute promyelocytic leukemia. Leukemia, 10 (8), 1296-1302. Xu, D., Gruber, A., Peterson, C. and Pisa, P. (1996), Suppression of telomerase activity in HL60 cells after treatment with differentiating agents. Leukemia, 10 (8), 1354-1357. Teng, M., Duong, T.T., Klein, E.S., Pino, M.E. and Chandraratna, R.A.S. (1996), Identification of a retinoic acid receptor alpha subtype specific agonist. Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 39 (16), 3035-3038. Pineau, T., Hudgins, W.R., Liu, L., Chen, L.C., Sher, T., Gonzalez, F.J. and Samid, D. (1996), Activation of a human peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor by the antitumor agent phenylacetate and its analogs. Biochemical Pharmacology, 52 (4), 659-667. Papadimitrakopoulou, V.A., Shin, D.M. and Hong, W.K. (1996), Molecular and cellular biomarkers for field cancerization and multistep process in head and neck tumorigenesis. Cancer and Metastasis Reviews, 15 (1), 53-76. Tallman, M.S. (1996), Differentiating therapy in acute myeloid leukemia. Leukemia, 10), S33-S38. Chomienne, C., Fenaux, P. and Degos, L. (1996), Retinoid differentiation therapy in promyelocytic leukemia. Faseb Journal, 10 (9), 1025-1030. Early, E., Moore, M.A.S., Kakizuka, A., NasonBurchenal, K., Martin, P., Evans, R.M. and Dmitrovsky, E. (1996), Transgenic expression of PML/RAR alpha impairs myelopoiesis. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 93 (15), 7900-7904. LaVistaPicard, N., Hobbs, P.D., Pfahl, M., Dawson, M.I. and Pfahl, M. (1996), The receptor-DNA complex determines the retinoid response: A mechanism for the diversification of the ligand signal. Molecular and Cellular Biology, 16 (8), 4137-4146. Sindermann, J., Foerster, E.C. and Kienast, J. (1996), Severe hepatobiliary complication in a patient with acute promyelocytic leukemia treated with all-trans retinoic acid. Acta Oncologica, 35 (4), 499-501. Brunel, V., LafagePochitaloff, M., Alcalay, M., Pelicci, P.G. and Birg, F. (1996), Variant and masked translocations in acute promyelocytic leukemia. Leukemia & Lymphoma, 22 (3-4), 221-&. Zhang, L., Nadzan, A.M., Heyman, R.A., Love, D.L., Mais, D.E., Croston, G., Lamph, W.W. and Boehm, M.F. (1996), Discovery of novel retinoic acid receptor agonists having potent antiproliferative activity in cervical cancer cells. Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 39 (14), 2659-2663. Geary, S.M. and Ashman, L.K. (1996), HL-60 myeloid leukaemia cells acquire immunostimulatory capability upon treatment with retinoic acid: Analysis of the responding population and mechanism of cytotoxic lymphocyte activation. Immunology, 88 (3), 428-440. Morosetti, R. and Koeffler, H.P. (1996), Differentiation therapy in myelodysplastic syndromes. Seminars in Hematology, 33 (3), 236-245. Park, D.J. and Koeffler, H.P. (1996), Therapy-related myelodysplastic syndromes. Seminars in Hematology, 33 (3), 256-273. Maeda, Y., Horiuchi, F., Miyatake, J., Sono, H., Tatsumi, Y., Urase, F., Irimajiri, K. and Horiuchi, A. (1996), Inhibition of growth and induction of apoptosis by all-trans retinoic acid in lymphoid cell lines transfected with the PML/RAR alpha fusion gene. British Journal of Haematology, 93 (4), 973-976. Matikainen, S., Ronni, T., Hurme, M., Pine, R. and Julkunen, I. (1996), Retinoic acid activates interferon regulatory factor-1 gene expression in myeloid cells. Blood, 88 (1), 114-123. GuiochonMantel, A., Savouret, J.F., Quignon, F., Delabre, K., Milgrom, E. and Dethe, H. (1996), Effect of PML and PML-RAR on the transactivation properties and subcellular distribution of steroid hormone receptors. Annales D Endocrinologie, 57 (2), 91-100. Velasco, F., LopezPedrera, R. and Paramo, J.A. (1996), Pathogenesis and treatment of hemostatic disorder in acute promyelocytic leukemia. Medicina Clinica, 107 (2), 59-61. Piedrafita, F.J., Molander, R.B., Vansant, G., Orlova, E.A., Pfahl, M. and Reynolds, W.F. (1996), An Alu element in the myeloperoxidase promoter contains a composite SP1-thyroid hormone-retinoic acid response element. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 271 (24), 14412-14420. Han, I.S. and Choi, J.H. (1996), Highly specific cytochrome P450-like enzymes for all-trans-retinoic acid in T47D human breast cancer cells. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 81 (6), 2069-2075. Pasquali, D., Thaller, C. and Eichele, G. (1996), Abnormal level of retinoic acid in prostate cancer tissues. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 81 (6), 2186-2191. Mao, M., Yu, M., Tong, J.H., Ye, J., Zhu, J., Huang, Q.H., Fu, G., Yu, L., Zhao, S.Y., Waxman, S., Lanotte, M., Wang, Z.Y., Tan, J.Z., Chan, S.J. and Chen, Z. (1996), RIG-E, a human homolog of the murine Ly-6 family, is induced by retinoic acid during the differentiation of acute promyelocytic leukemia cell. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 93 (12), 5910-5914. Altabef, M., Garcia, M., Lavau, C., Bae, S.C., Dejean, A. and Samarut, J. (1996), A retrovirus carrying the promyelocyte-retinoic acid receptor PML-RAR alpha fusion gene transforms haematopoietic progenitors in vitro and induces acute leukaemias. Embo Journal, 15 (11), 2707-2716. Duprez, E., Lillehaug, J.R., Gaub, M.P. and Lanotte, M. (1996), Differential changes of retinoid-X-receptor (RXR alpha) and its RAR alpha and PML-RAR alpha partners induced by retinoic acid and cAMP distinguish maturation sensitive and resistant t(15;17) promyelocytic leukemia NB4 cells. Oncogene, 12 (11), 2443-2450. Duprez, E., Lillehaug, J.R., Naoe, T. and Lanotte, M. (1996), cAMP signalling is decisive for recovery of nuclear bodies (PODs) during maturation of RA-resistant t(15;17) promyelocytic leukemia NB4 cells expressing PML-RAR alpha. Oncogene, 12 (11), 2451-2459. Manfredi, J.J., Tang, H.Y. and Waxman, S. (1996), The cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21 as a target for differentiation therapy. Molecular and Cellular Differentiation, 4 (1), 33-45. Zauli, G., Visani, G., Bassini, A., Caramelli, E., Ottaviani, E., Bertolaso, L., Bertagnolo, V., Borgatti, P. and Capitani, S. (1996), Nuclear translocation of protein kinase C-alpha and -zeta isoforms in HL-60 cells induced to differentiate along the granulocytic lineage by all-trans retinoic acid. British Journal of Haematology, 93 (3), 542-550. Hatake, K., Ohtsuki, T., Uwai, M., Takahashi, H., Izumi, T., Yoshida, M., Kanai, N., Saito, K., Harigaya, K. and Miura, Y. (1996), Tretinoin induces bone marrow collagenous fibrosis in acute promyelocytic leukaemia: New adverse, but reversible effect. British Journal of Haematology, 93 (3), 646-649. Chen, G.Q., Shen, Z.X., Wu, F., Han, J.Y., Miao, J.M., Zhong, H.J., Li, X.S., Zhao, J.Q., Zhu, J., Fang, Z.W., Chen, S.J., Chen, Z. and Wang, Z.Y. (1996), Pharmacokinetics and efficacy of low-dose all-trans retinoic acid in the treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia. Leukemia, 10 (5), 825-828. Craven, N.M. and Griffiths, C.E.M. (1996), Topical retinoids and cutaneous biology. Clinical and Experimental Dermatology, 21 (1), 1-10. Nakaichi, M., Taura, Y., Kanki, M., Mamba, K., Momoi, Y., Tsujimoto, H. and Nakama, S. (1996), Establishment and characterization of a new canine B-cell leukemia cell line. Journal of Veterinary Medical Science, 58 (5), 469-471. Xu, W., Seiter, K., Feldman, E., Ahmed, T. and Chiao, J.W. (1996), The differentiation and maturation mediator for human myeloid leukemia cells shares homology with neuroleukin or phosphoglucose isomerase. Blood, 87 (11), 4502-4506. Sasaki, T., Shimazawa, R., Sawada, T., Iijima, T., Fukasawa, H., Shudo, K., Hashimoto, Y. and Iwasaki, S. (1996), Location of two photoaffinity-labeled sites on the ligand-binding domain of retinoic acid receptor alpha. Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin, 19 (5), 659-664. Ezpeleta, I., Irache, J.M., Stainmesse, S., Chabenat, C., Gueguen, J., Popineau, Y. and Orecchioni, A.M. (1996), Gliadin nanoparticles for the controlled release of all-trans-retinoic acid. International Journal of Pharmaceutics, 131 (2), 191-200. Sporn, M.B. (1996), The war on cancer. Lancet, 347 (9012), 1377-1381. Zheng, A.P., Savolainen, E.R. and Koistinen, P. (1996), All-trans retinoic acid combined with interferon-alpha effectively inhibits granulocyte-macrophage colony formation in chronic myeloid leukemia. Leukemia Research, 20 (3), 243-248. Takeshita, A., Shibata, Y., Shinjo, K., Yanagi, M., Tobita, T., Ohnishi, K., Miyawaki, S., Shudo, K. and Ohno, R. (1996), Successful treatment of relapse of acute promyelocytic leukemia with a new synthetic retinoid, Am80. Annals of Internal Medicine, 124 (10), 893-896. Tallman, M.S. (1996), Differentiating therapy with all-trans retinoic acid in acute myeloid leukemia. Leukemia, 10), S12-S15. Katagiri, K., Yokoyama, K.K., Yamamoto, T., Omura, S., Irie, S. and Katagiri, T. (1996), Lyn and Fgr protein-tyrosine kinases prevent apoptosis during retinoic acid-induced granulocytic differentiation of HL-80 cells. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 271 (19), 11557-11562. Omoto, E., Deguchi, S., Takaba, S., Kojima, K., Yano, T., Katayama, Y., Sunami, K., Takeuchi, M., Kimura, F., Harada, M. and Kimura, I. (1996), Low-dose melphalan for treatment of high-risk myelodysplastic syndromes. Leukemia, 10 (4), 609-614. Wells, R.A., Hummel, J.L., DeKoven, A., Zipursky, A., Kirby, M., Dube, I. and KamelReid, S. (1996), A new variant translocation in acute promyelocytic leukaemia: Molecular characterization and clinical correlation. Leukemia, 10 (4), 735-740. Visani, G., Bontempo, G., Manfroi, S., Pazzaglia, A., DAlessandro, R. and Tura, S. (1996), All-trans-retinoic acid and pseudotumor cerebri in a young adult with acute promyelocytic leukemia: A possible disease association. Haematologica, 81 (2), 152-154. Dong, S., Zhu, J., Reid, A., Strutt, P., Guidez, F., Zhong, H.J., Wang, Z.Y., Licht, J., Waxman, S., Chomienne, C., Chen, Z., Zelent, A. and Chen, S.J. (1996), Amino-terminal protein-protein interaction motif (POZ-domain) is responsible for activities of the promyelocytic leukemia zinc finger retinoic acid receptor alpha fusion protein. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 93 (8), 3624-3629. Faber, E., Slezak, P., Jarosova, M., Pikalova, Z., Indrak, K., Hubacek, J., Dusek, J., Divoky, V. and Sulovska, I. (1996), Retinoic acid syndrome: A report of two cases. Leukemia, 10 (3), 577-578. deGreef, G.E. and Hagemeijer, A. (1996), Molecular and cytogenetic abnormalities in acute myeloid leukaemia and myelodysplastic syndromes. Baillieres Clinical Haematology, 9 (1), 1-18. Fenaux, P. and Degos, L. (1996), Treatment of acute promyelocytic leukaemia. Baillieres Clinical Haematology, 9 (1), 107-128. Zhang, S.Y., Zhu, J., Chen, G.Q., Du, X.X., Lu, L.J., Zhang, Z., Zhong, H.J., Chen, H.R., Wang, Z.Y., Berger, R., Lanotte, M., Waxman, S., Chen, Z. and Chen, S.J. (1996), Establishment of a human acute promyelocytic leukemia-ascites model in SCID mice. Blood, 87 (8), 3404-3409. Warrell, R.P. (1996), Pathogenesis is and management of acute promyelocytic leukemia. Annual Review of Medicine, 47), 555-565. Hagen, J.J., Washco, K.A. and Monnig, C.A. (1996), Determination of retinoids by reversed-phase capillary liquid chromatography with amperometric electrochemical detection. Journal of Chromatography B-Biomedical Applications, 677 (2), 225-231. Chen, Z., Tong, J.H., Dong, S., Zhu, J., Wang, Z.Y. and Chen, S.J. (1996), Retinoic acid regulatory pathways, chromosomal translocations, and acute promyelocytic leukemia. Genes Chromosomes & Cancer, 15 (3), 147-156. Levy, Y., Labaume, S., Colombel, M. and Brouet, J.C. (1996), Retinoic acid modulates the in vivo and in vitro growth of IL-6 autocrine human myeloma cell lines via induction of apoptosis. Clinical and Experimental Immunology, 104 (1), 167-172. Nickerson, J.A., Blencowe, B.J. and Penman, S. (1995), The architectural organization of nuclear metabolism. International Review of Cytology, Vol 162A, 162A), 67-123. Torry, D.J., Richards, C.D., Podor, T.J. and Gauldie, J. (1996), Modulation of the anchorage-independent phenotype of human lung fibroblasts obtained from fibrotic tissue following culture with retinoid and corticosteroid. Experimental Lung Research, 22 (2), 231-244. Fanjul, A.N., Bouterfa, H., Dawson, M. and Pfahl, M. (1996), Potential role for retinoic acid receptor-gamma in the inhibition of breast cancer cells by selective retinoids and interferons. Cancer Research, 56 (7), 1571-1577. Miller, W.H. (1996), Differentiation therapy of acute promyelocytic leukemia: Clinical and molecular features. Cancer Investigation, 14 (2), 142-150. Tallman, M.S. (1996), Good things come in small packages. Cancer Investigation, 14 (2), 182-183. Perego, R.A., Marenco, P., Bianchi, C., Cairoli, R., Urbano, M., Nosari, A.M., Muti, G., Morra, E. and DelMonte, U. (1996), PML/RAR alpha transcripts monitored by polymerase chain reaction in acute promyelocytic leukemia during complete remission, relapse and after bone marrow transplantation. Leukemia, 10 (2), 207-212. Zhu, C. (1996), Differentiation therapy of acute promyelocytic leukemia. Chinese Medical Journal, 109 (3), 179-182. Girod, S.C. and Pfahl, M. (1996), Retinoid actions and implications for prevention and therapy of oral cancer. International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, 25 (1), 69-73. Tsukada, N., Wada, K., Aoki, S., Hashimoto, S., Kishi, K., Takahashi, M., Koike, T., Takahashi, H. and Shibata, A. (1996), Induction therapy with all-trans retinoic acid for acute promyelocytic leukemia: A clinical study of 10 cases, including a fetal case with thromboembolism. Internal Medicine, 35 (1), 10-14. Schmitt, K., Zoubek, A., Schwarz, R., Tulzer, G., Koller, E., Krieger, O., Lutz, D. and Gadner, H. (1996), All-trans retinoic acid and shout-time, high-dose cytarabine in two children with acute promyelocytic leukemia. Medical and Pediatric Oncology, 26 (4), 254-257. Zhang, X.K., Liu, Y. and Lee, M.O. (1996), Retinoid receptors in human lung cancer and breast cancer. Mutation Research-Fundamental and Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis, 350 (1), 267-277. Xu, X.C., Stier, U., Rosewicz, S., ElNaggar, A.K. and Lotan, R. (1996), Selective suppression of nuclear retinoic acid receptor beta gene expression in human pancreatic carcinomas. International Journal of Oncology, 8 (3), 445-451. Kizaki, M., Dawson, M.I., Heyman, R., Elstner, E., Morosetti, R., Pakkala, S., Chen, D.L., Ueno, H., Chao, W.R., Morikawa, M., Ikeda, Y., Heber, D., Pfahl, M. and Koeffler, H.P. (1996), Effects of novel retinoid X receptor-selective ligands on myeloid leukemic differentiation and proliferation in vitro. Blood, 87 (5), 1977-1984. Lama, G., Angelucci, C., Recchia, F. and Sica, G. (1996), Combined effects of 13-cis-retinoic acid, tamoxifen and interferon on the growth of human breast cancer cells. Cancer Letters, 100 (1-2), 181-189. Usuki, K., Kitazume, K., Endo, M., Ito, K., Iki, S. and Urabe, A. (1995), Combination therapy with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, all-trans retinoic acid, and low-dose cytotoxic drugs for acute myelogenous leukemia. Internal Medicine, 34 (12), 1186-1189. Degos, L. (1995), A new concept: Differentiation therapy in malignancies. Bulletin de l Academie Nationale de Medecine, 179 (8), 1689-1700. Soprano, D.R., Chen, L.X., Wu, S., Donigan, A.M., Borghaei, R.C. and Soprano, K.J. (1996), Overexpression of both RAR and RXR restores AP-1 repression in ovarian adenocarcinoma cells resistant to retinoic acid-dependent growth inhibition. Oncogene, 12 (3), 577-584. Gianni, M., Calzi, M.L., Terao, M., Guiso, G., Caccia, S., Barbui, T., Rambaldi, A. and Garattini, E. (1996), AM580, a stable benzoic derivative of retinoic acid, has powerful and selective cyto-differentiating effects on acute promyelocytic leukemia cells. Blood, 87 (4), 1520-1531. Kurie, J.M., Lee, J.S., Griffin, T., Lippman, S.M., Drum, P., Thomas, M.P., Weber, C., Bader, M., Massimini, G. and Hong, W.K. (1996), Phase I trial of 9-cis retinoic acid in adults with solid tumors. Clinical Cancer Research, 2 (2), 287-293. Marks, P.A., Richon, V.M. and Rifkind, R.A. (1996), Cell cycle regulatory proteins are targets for induced differentiation of transformed cells: Molecular and clinical studies employing hybrid polar compounds. International Journal of Hematology, 63 (1), 1-17. Usuki, K., Endo, M., Osawa, M., Kitazume, K., Iki, S. and Urabe, A. (1996), Pharmacokinetics of all-trans-retinoic acid in Japanese patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia. International Journal of Hematology, 63 (1), 19-23. Gottardis, M.M., Lamph, W.W., Shalinsky, D.R., Wellstein, A. and Heyman, R.A. (1996), The efficacy of 9-cis retinoic acid in experimental models of cancer. Breast Cancer Research and Treatment, 38 (1), 85-96. Grimwade, D., Howe, K., Langabeer, S., Burnett, A., Goldstone, A. and Solomon, E. (1996), Minimal residual disease detection in acute promyelocytic leukemia by reverse-transcriptase PCR: Evaluation of PML-RAR alpha and RAR alpha-PML assessment in patients who ultimately relapse. Leukemia, 10 (1), 61-66. Seale, J., Delva, L., Renesto, P., Balitrand, N., Dombret, H., Scrobohaci, M.L., Degos, L., Paul, P. and Chomienne, C. (1996), All-trans retinoic acid rapidly decreases cathepsin G synthesis and mRNA expression in acute promyelocytic leukemia. Leukemia, 10 (1), 95-101. Ehinger, M., Bergh, G., Olofsson, T., Baldetorp, B., Olsson, I. and Gullberg, U. (1996), Expression of the p53 tumor suppressor gene induces differentiation and promotes induction of differentiation by 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol in leukemic U-937 cells. Blood, 87 (3), 1064-1074. Doucas, V., Ishov, A.M., Romo, A., Juguilon, H., Weitzman, M.D., Evans, R.M. and Maul, G.G. (1996), Adenovirus replication is coupled with the dynamic properties of the PML nuclear structure. Genes & Development, 10 (2), 196-207. Look, A.T. (1995), Oncogenic role of ''master'' transcription factors in human leukemias and sarcomas: A developmental model. Advances in Cancer Research, Vol 67, 67), 25-57. Bold, R.J., Ishizuka, J., Townsend, C.M. and Thompson, J.C. (1996), All-trans-retinoic acid inhibits growth of human pancreatic cancer cell lines. Pancreas, 12 (2), 189-195. Kizaki, M., Ueno, H., Yamazoe, Y., Shimada, M., Takayama, N., Muto, A., Matsushita, H., Nakajima, H., Morikawa, M., Koeffler, H.P. and Ikeda, Y. (1996), Mechanisms of retinoid resistance in leukemic cells: Possible role of cytochrome P450 and P-glycoprotein. Blood, 87 (2), 725-733. Calabresse, C., Barbey, S., Venturini, L., Balitrand, N., Degos, L., Fenaux, P. and Chomienne, C. (1995), In vitro treatment with retinoids or the topoisomerase inhibitor, VP-16, evidences different functional apoptotic pathways in acute promyelocytic leukemic cells. Leukemia, 9 (12), 2049-2057. Viniou, N.A., Yataganas, X., Stamatopoulos, K., Xefteri, I., Kalmantis, T., Papasavas, P., Mitsulis, C., Rombos, J., Meletis, J., Bourantas, K., Zoumbos, N., Pangalis, G. and Loukopoulos, D. (1995), Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction for the diagnosis and molecular monitoring of the PML/RAR alpha fusion gene in acute promyelocytic leukemia. Cancer Genetics and Cytogenetics, 84 (2), 91-94. Flombaum, C.D., Isaacs, M., Reich, L., Berman, E. and Warrell, R.P. (1996), Acute renal failure associated with the retinoic acid syndrome in acute promyelocytic leukemia. American Journal of Kidney Diseases, 27 (1), 134-137. Vyas, R.C., Frankel, S.R., Agbor, P., Miller, W.H., Warrell, R.P. and Hittelman, W.N. (1996), Probing the pathobiology of response to all-trans retinoic acid in acute promyelocytic leukemia: Premature chromosome condensation fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis. Blood, 87 (1), 218-226. Suzuki, T., Matsui, M. and Murayama, A. (1995), Biological activity of (all-E)-beta-Apo-12'-carotenoic acid and the geometrical isomers on human acute promyelocytic leukemia cell line HL-60. Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology, 41 (6), 575-585. Fu, J.L., Chu, E.H.Y. and Tan, J.Z. (1995), Perspectives on genetics in China. Annual Review of Genetics, 29), 1-18. Hong, W.K., Lippman, S.M., Hittelman, W.N. and Lotan, R. (1995), Retinoid chemoprevention of aerodigestive cancer: From basic research to the clinic. Clinical Cancer Research, 1 (7), 677-686. Athanasiadis, I., Kies, R.S., Miller, M., Ganzenko, N., Joob, A., Marymont, M., Rademaker, A. and Gradishar, W.J. (1995), Phase II study of all-trans-retinoic acid and alpha-interferon in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer. Clinical Cancer Research, 1 (9), 973-979. Ahn, M.J., Langenfeld, J., Moasser, M.M., Rusch, V. and Dmitrovsky, E. (1995), Growth suppression of transformed human bronchial epithelial cells by all-trans-retinoic acid occurs through specific retinoid receptors. Oncogene, 11 (11), 2357-2364. Charpentier, B., Bernardon, J.M., Diaz, P., Vion, M., Millois, C., Bernard, B. and Shroot, B. (1995), Chemoenzymatic Synthesis of Enantiomers of A New Retinoid to Investigate the Role of Chirality in the Biological Response. Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters, 5 (23), 2801-2804. Antman, K. (1995), Presidential-Address - May 22, 1995 - 31St Annual-Meeting of the American-Society-Of-Clinical-Oncology. Journal of Clinical Oncology, 13 (12), 2981-2989. Mancini, M., Nanni, M., Cedrone, M., Diverio, D., Avvisati, G., Riccioni, R., Decuia, M.R., Fenu, S. and Alimena, G. (1995), Combined Cytogenetic, Fish and Molecular Analysis in Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia at Diagnosis and in Complete Remission. British Journal of Haematology, 91 (4), 878-884. Rosen, J., Day, A., Jones, T.K., Jones, E.T.T., Nadzan, A.M. and Stein, R.B. (1995), Intracellular Receptors and Signal Transducers and Activators of Transcription Superfamilies - Novel Targets for Small-Molecule Drug Discovery. Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 38 (25), 4855-4874. Ortiz, M.A., Piedrafita, F.J., Pfahl, M. and Maki, R. (1995), Tor - A New Orphan Receptor Expressed in the Thymus That Can Modulate Retinoid and Thyroid-Hormone Signals. Molecular Endocrinology, 9 (12), 1679-1691. Guiochonmantel, A., Savouret, J.F., Quignon, F., Delabre, K., Milgrom, E. and Dethe, H. (1995), Effect of Pml and Pml-Rar on the Transactivation Properties and Subcellular-Distribution of Steroid-Hormone Receptors. Molecular Endocrinology, 9 (12), 1791-1803. Sandberg, A.A. and Chen, Z. (1995), Cancer Cytogenetics and Molecular-Genetics - Clinical Implications (Review). International Journal of Oncology, 7 (6), 1241-1251. Jurcic, J.G., Caron, P.C., Nikula, T.K., Papadopoulos, E.B., Finn, R.D., Gansow, O.A., Miller, W.H., Geerlings, M.W., Warrell, R.P., Larson, S.M. and Scheinberg, D.A. (1995), Radiolabeled Anti-Cd33 Monoclonal-Antibody M195 for Myeloid Leukemias. Cancer Research, 55 (23), S5908-S5910. Ueno, H., Kizaki, M., Takayama, N., Matsushita, H., Muto, A., Okamoto, S. and Ikeda, Y. (1995), Itraconazole and Retinoid Resistance. American Journal of Hematology, 50 (4), 319-320. Gillis, J.C. and Goa, K.L. (1995), Tretinoin - A Review of Its Pharmacodynamic and Pharmacokinetic Properties and Use in the Management of Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia. Drugs, 50 (5), 897-923. Rubio, M.A., Lopezrodriguez, C., Nueda, A., Aller, P., Armesilla, A.L., Vega, M.A. and Corbi, A.L. (1995), Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor, Phorbol Ester, and Sodium-Butyrate Induce the Cd11C Integrin Gene Promoter Activity During Myeloid Cell-Differentiation. Blood, 86 (10), 3715-3724. Amalfitano, G. and Mallaret, M. (1995), Are Retinoids An Anticancer Strategy. Recherche, (280), 41-44. Zhuang, Y.H., Sainio, E.L., Sainio, P., Vedeckis, W.V., Ylikomi, T. and Tuohimaa, P. (1995), Distribution of All-Trans-Retinoic Acid in Normal and Vitamin-A-Deficient Mice - Correlation to Retinoic Acid Receptors in Different Tissues of Normal Mice. General and Comparative Endocrinology, 100 (2), 170-178. Umemiya, H., Kawachi, E., Kagechika, H., Fukasawa, H., Hashimoto, Y. and Shudo, K. (1995), Synergists for Retinoid in Cellular-Differentiation of Human Promyelocytic Leukemia-Cells Hl-60. Chemical & Pharmaceutical Bulletin, 43 (10), 1827-1829. Schwartz, E.L., Hallam, S., Gallagher, R.E. and Wiernik, P.H. (1995), Inhibition of All-Trans-Retinoic Acid Metabolism by Fluconazole In-Vitro and in Patients with Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia. Biochemical Pharmacology, 50 (7), 923-928. Meyskens, F.L., Kopecky, K.J., Appelbaum, F.R., Balcerzak, S.P., Samlowski, W. and Hynes, H. (1995), Effects of Vitamin-A on Survival in Patients with Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia - A Swog Randomized Trial. Leukemia Research, 19 (9), 605-612. Fukutani, H., Naoe, T., Ohno, R., Yoshida, H., Miyawaki, S., Shimazaki, C., Miyake, T., Nakayama, Y., Kobayashi, H., Goto, S., Takeshita, A., Kobayashi, S., Kato, Y., Shiraishi, K., Sasada, M., Ohtake, S., Murakami, H., Kobayashi, M., Endo, N., Shindo, H., Matsushita, K., Hasegawa, S., Tsuji, K., Ueda, Y., Tominaga, N., Furuya, H., Inoue, Y., Takeuchi, J., Morishita, H. and Iida, H. (1995), Isoforms of Pml-Retinoic Acid Receptor-Alpha Fused Transcripts Affect Neither Clinical-Features of Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia Nor Prognosis After Treatment with All-Trans-Retinoic Acid. Leukemia, 9 (9), 1478-1482. Fujiwara, H., Umeda, Y. and Yonekura, S. (1995), Cerebellar Infarction with Hypertriglyceridemia During All-Trans-Retinoic Acid Therapy for Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia. Leukemia, 9 (9), 1602-1603. Naoe, T., Yoshida, H., Kitamura, K., Chino, M., Osumi, K. and Ohno, R. (1995), Delayed Or Insufficient Restoration of Pml and Pml-Rar-Alpha Subcellular-Localization After Exposure In-Vitro to Retinoic Acids in All-Trans-Retinoic Acid-Resistant Apl Cells. Leukemia, 9 (9), 1610-1611. Miwa, K., Yamada, C., Kono, T. and Osada, H. (1995), Retinoic Acid Enhances Plasminogen Activation on the Cell-Surface. Thrombosis Research, 80 (1), 47-56. Lavau, C., Marchio, A., Fagioli, M., Jansen, J., Falini, B., Lebon, P., Grosveld, F., Pandolfi, P.P., Pelicci, P.G. and Dejean, A. (1995), The Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia-Associated Pml Gene Is Induced by Interferon. Oncogene, 11 (5), 871-878. Nagasawa, H., Mitamura, T., Sakamoto, S. and Yamamoto, K. (1995), Effects of Lycopene on Spontaneous Mammary-Tumor Development in Shn Virgin Mice. Anticancer Research, 15 (4), 1173-1178. Sham, R.L., Phatak, P.D., Belanger, K.A., Braggins, C. and Packman, C.H. (1995), Functional-Characteristics of Mature Granulocytes in A Patient with Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia Treated with All-Trans-Retinoic Acid. Leukemia Research, 19 (8), 505-511. Early, E. and Dmitrovsky, E. (1995), Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia - Retinoic Acid Response and Resistance. Journal of Investigative Medicine, 43 (4), 337-344. Simone, M.D., Stasi, R., Venditti, A., Delpoeta, G., Aronica, G., Bruno, A., Masi, M., Tribalto, M., Papa, G. and Amadori, S. (1995), All-Trans-Retinoic Acid (Atra) Administration During Pregnancy in Relapsed Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia. Leukemia, 9 (8), 1412-1413. Shimada, Y., Ogawa, T., Sato, A., Kaneko, I. and Tsujita, Y. (1995), Induction of Differentiation of Hl-60 Cells by the Antifungal Antibiotic, Radicicol. Journal of Antibiotics, 48 (8), 824-830. Takitani, K., Tamai, H., Morinobu, T., Kawamura, N., Miyake, M., Fujimoto, T. and Mino, M. (1995), 4-Oxo Retinoic Acid for Refractory Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia in Children with All-Trans-Retinoic Acid Therapy. Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology, 41 (4), 493-498. Tanaka, T., Makita, H., Ohnishi, M., Mori, H., Satoh, K. and Hara, A. (1995), Inhibition of Oral Carcinogenesis by the Arotinoid Mofarotene (Ro 40-8757) in Male F344 Rats. Carcinogenesis, 16 (8), 1903-1907. Nilsson, A., Farrants, A.K.O., Nesland, J.M., Finstad, H.S. and Pedersen, J.I. (1995), Potentiating Effects of Clofibric Acid on the Differentiation of Hl-60 Human Promyelocytic Leukemia-Cells Induced by Retinoids. European Journal of Cell Biology, 67 (4), 379-385. Scheinberg, D.A. (1995), Adult Leukemia in 1995 - New Directions. Lancet, 346 (8973), 455-456. Agadir, A., Cornic, M., Jerome, M., Menot, M.L., Cambier, N., Gaub, M.P., Gourmel, B., Lefebvre, P., Degos, L. and Chomienne, C. (1995), Characterization of Nuclear Retinoic Acid-Binding Activity in Sensitive Leukemic-Cell Lines - Cell-Specific Uptake of Atra and Rar-Alpha Protein Modulation. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 213 (1), 112-122. Takeshita, A., Sakamaki, H., Miyawaki, S., Kobayashi, T., Kuriyama, K., Yamada, O., Oh, H., Takenaka, T., Asou, N. and Ohno, R. (1995), Significant Reduction of Medical Costs by Differentiation Therapy with All-Trans-Retinoic Acid During Remission Induction of Newly-Diagnosed Patients with Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia. Cancer, 76 (4), 602-608. Venditti, A., Stasi, R., Delpoeta, G., Buccisano, F., Aronica, G., Bruno, A., Pisani, F., Caravita, T., Masi, M., Tribalto, M., Simone, M.D., Avvisati, G., Amadori, S. and Papa, G. (1995), All-Trans-Retinoic Acid and Low-Dose Cytosine-Arabinoside for the Treatment of Poor-Prognosis Acute Myeloid-Leukemia. Leukemia, 9 (7), 1121-1125. Bruel, A., Benoit, G., Denay, D., Brown, S. and Lanotte, M. (1995), Distinct Apoptotic Responses in Maturation Sensitive and Resistant T(15-17) Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia Nb4 Cells - 9-Cis Retinoic Acid Induces Apoptosis Independent of Maturation and Bcl-2 Expression. Leukemia, 9 (7), 1173-1184. Gallagher, R.E., Li, Y.P., Rao, S., Paietta, E., Andersen, J., Etkind, P., Bennett, J.M., Tallman, M.S. and Wiernik, P.H. (1995), Characterization of Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia Cases with Pml-Rar-Alpha Break Fusion Sites in Pml Exon-6 - Identification of A Subgroup with Decreased In-Vitro Responsiveness to All-Trans-Retinoic Acid. Blood, 86 (4), 1540-1547. Han, G.Y., Chang, B.S., Connor, M.J. and Sidell, N. (1995), Enhanced Potency of 9-Cis Versus All-Trans-Retinoic Acid to Induce the Differentiation of Human Neuroblastoma-Cells. Differentiation, 59 (1), 61-69. Hurwitz, C.A., Mounce, K.G. and Grier, H.E. (1995), Treatment of Patients with Acute Myelogenous Leukemia - Review of Clinical-Trials of the Past Decade. Journal of Pediatric Hematology Oncology, 17 (3), 185-197. Lemons, R.S., Keller, S., Gietzen, D., Dufner, J., Rebentisch, M., Feusner, J. and Eilender, D. (1995), Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia. Journal of Pediatric Hematology Oncology, 17 (3), 198-210. Chen, H.L., Dong, S.C., Ju, T.Z. and Yang, X.P. (1995), Effect of Retinoic Acid on the Structure of N-Glycans on the Surface of Human Hepatocarcinoma Cells and Its Enzymatic Mechanism. Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology, 121 (7), 397-401. Verstuyf, A., Mathieu, C., Verlinden, L., Waer, M., Tan, B.K. and Bouillon, R. (1995), Differentiation Induction of Human Leukemia-Cells (Hl-60) by A Combination of 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D-3 and Retinoic Acid (All-Trans Or 9-Cis). Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , 53 (1-6), 431-441. Zeleznikle, N.J., Nucifora, G. and Rowley, J.D. (1995), The Molecular-Biology of Myeloproliferative Disorders As Revealed by Chromosomal-Abnormalities. Seminars in Hematology, 32 (3), 201-219. Liu, E. and Nuzum, C. (1995), Molecular Sleuthing - Tracking Ovarian-Cancer Progression. Journal of the National Cancer Institute, 87 (15), 1099-1101. Seipelt, G. and Hoelzer, D. (1995), New Developments in the Treatment of Chronic and Acute Leukemias. Schweizerische Medizinische Wochenschrift, 125 (27-28), 1354-1363. Sucov, H.M. and Evans, R.M. (1995), Retinoic Acid and Retinoic Acid Receptors in Development. Molecular Neurobiology, 10 (2-3), 169-184. Sham, R. (1995), Successful Management of An Octogenarian with Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia Using All-Trans-Retinoic Acid. American Journal of Hematology, 49 (3), 263-265. Aapro, M.S. (1995), Retinoids in Oncology. European Journal of Cancer, 31A (5), 834-835. Tkatch, L.S., Rubin, K.A., Ziegler, S.F. and Tweardy, D.J. (1995), Modulation of Human G-Csf Receptor Messenger-Rna and Protein in Normal and Leukemic Myeloid Cells by G-Csf and Retinoic Acid. Journal of Leukocyte Biology, 57 (6), 964-971. Gratch, A.V. (1995), A Formal Description of Cell Lineage and A Hypothesis - All Cell Lineages Are Fixed. Journal of Theoretical Biology, 174 (3), 237-260. Weber, W.W. (1995), Influence of Heredity on Human Sensitivity to Environmental Chemicals. Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis, 25), 102-114. Wang, Y., Garg, M., Guan, F., Dai, W., Jacobsen, S.E.W. and Murphy, M.J. (1995), Retinoic Acid Potently Stimulates the Production of Granulocyte-Colony-Stimulating Factor in the Human Monocytic Thp-1 Cell-Line. International Journal of Oncology, 7 (1), 45-50. Gianni, M., Terao, M., Norio, P., Barbui, T., Rambaldi, A. and Garattini, E. (1995), All-Trans-Retinoic Acid and Cyclic Adenosine-Monophosphate Cooperate in the Expression of Leukocyte Alkaline-Phosphatase in Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia-Cells. Blood, 85 (12), 3619-3635. Chang, K.S., Fan, Y.H., Andreeff, M., Liu, J.X. and Mu, Z.M. (1995), The Pml Gene Encodes A Phosphoprotein Associated with the Nuclear Matrix. Blood, 85 (12), 3646-3653. Zauli, G., Visani, G., Vitale, M., Gibellini, D., Bertolaso, L. and Capitani, S. (1995), All-Trans-Retinoic Acid Shows Multiple Effects on the Survival, Proliferation and Differentiation of Human Fetal Cd34(+) Hematopoietic Progenitor Cells. British Journal of Haematology, 90 (2), 274-282. Drach, D., Zhao, S.R., Drach, J. and Andreeff, M. (1995), Low Incidence of Mdr1 Expression in Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia. British Journal of Haematology, 90 (2), 369-374. Wiley, J.S., Firkin, F.C., Bradstock, K., Wiley, J., Wolf, M., Atkinson, K., Chong, B., Catalano, J., Dale, B., Davies, J., Dodds, A., Enno, A., Firkin, F., Frost, T., Grigg, A., Januszewicz, H., Koutts, J., Lind, D., Lee, N., Lowenthal, R., Ma, D., Millikan, S., Phadke, K., Rozenberg, M., Sage, E., Schwarer, A., Szer, J., Vanderweyden, M. and Woodruff, R. (1995), Reduction of Pulmonary Toxicity by Prednisolone Prophylaxis During All-Trans-Retinoic Acid Treatment of Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia. Leukemia, 9 (5), 774-778. Takatsuki, H., Umemura, T., Sadamura, S., Yamashita, S., Goto, T., Abe, Y., Yufu, Y., Inaba, S., Nishimura, J. and Nawata, H. (1995), Detection of Minimal Residual Disease by Reverse-Transcriptase Polymerase Chain-Reaction for the Pml/Rar-Alpha Fusion Messenger-Rna - A Study in Patients with Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia Following Peripheral Stem-Cell Transplantation. Leukemia, 9 (5), 889-892. Lee, J.S., Newman, R.A., Lippman, S.M., Fossella, F.V., Calayag, M., Raber, M.N., Krakoff, I.H. and Hong, W.K. (1995), Phase-I Evaluation of All-Trans-Retinoic Acid with and Without Ketoconazole in Adults with Solid Tumors. Journal of Clinical Oncology, 13 (6), 1501-1508. Suh, N., Luyengi, L., Fong, H.H.S., Kinghorn, A.D. and Pezzuto, J.M. (1995), Discovery of Natural Product Chemopreventive Agents Utilizing Hl-60 Cell-Differentiation As A Model. Anticancer Research, 15 (2), 233-239. Miller, W.H., Jakubowski, A., Tong, W.P., Miller, V.A., Rigas, J.R., Benedetti, F., Gill, G.M., Truglia, J.A., Ulm, E., Shirley, M. and Warrell, R.P. (1995), 9-Cis Retinoic Acid Induces Complete Remission But Does Not Reverse Clinically Acquired Retinoid Resistance in Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia. Blood, 85 (11), 3021-3027. Liu, J.H., Mu, Z.M. and Chang, K.S. (1995), Pml Suppresses Oncogenic Transformation of Nih/3T3 Cells by Activated Neu. Journal of Experimental Medicine, 181 (6), 1965-1973. Masciulli, R., Testa, U., Barberi, T., Samoggia, P., Tritarelli, E., Pustorino, R., Mastroberardino, G., Camagna, A. and Peschle, C. (1995), Combined Vitamin-D-3 Retinoic-Acid Induction of Human Promyelocytic Cell-Lines - Enhanced Phagocytic Cell Maturation and Hybrid Granulomonocytic Phenotype. Cell Growth & Differentiation, 6 (5), 493-503. Degos, L., Dombret, H., Chomienne, C., Daniel, M.T., Miclea, J.M., Chastang, C., Castaigne, S. and Fenaux, P. (1995), All-Trans-Retinoic Acid As A Differentiating Agent in the Treatment of Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia. Blood, 85 (10), 2643-2653. Diverio, D., Riccioni, R., Mandelli, F. and Lococo, F. (1995), The Pml/Rar-Alpha Fusion Gene in the Diagnosis and Monitoring of Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia. Haematologica, 80 (2), 155-160. Lavau, C., Jansen, J. and Dejean, A. (1995), The T(15-17) Translocation in Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia. Pathologie Biologie , 43 (3), 188-196. Hewlett, J., Kopecky, K.J., Head, D., Eyre, H.J., Elias, L., Kingsbury, L., Balcerzak, S.P., Dabich, L., Hynes, H., Bickers, J.N. and Appelbaum, F.R. (1995), A Prospective Evaluation of the Roles of Allogeneic Marrow Transplantation and Low-Dose Monthly Maintenance Chemotherapy in the Treatment of Adult Acute Myelogenous Leukemia (Aml) - A Southwest-Oncology-Group Study. Leukemia, 9 (4), 562-569. Lefebvre, P., Agadir, A., Cornic, M., Gourmel, B., Hue, B., Dreux, C., Degos, L. and Chomienne, C. (1995), Simultaneous Determination of All-Trans and 13-Cis Retinoic Acids and Their 4-Oxo Metabolites by Adsorption Liquid-Chromatography After Solid-Phase Extraction. Journal of Chromatography B-Biomedical Applications, 666 (1), 55-61. Takitani, K., Tamai, H., Morinobu, T., Kawamura, N., Miyake, M., Fujimoto, T. and Mino, M. (1995), Pharmacokinetics of All-Trans-Retinoic Acid in Pediatric-Patients with Leukemia. Japanese Journal of Cancer Research, 86 (4), 400-405. Graf, N., Riesinger, P. and Reinhard, H. (1995), Retinoids in the Treatment of Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia - Review of the Literature. Klinische Padiatrie, 207 (2), 43-47. Schipper, H., Goh, C.R. and Wang, T.L. (1995), Shifting the Cancer Paradigm - Must We Kill to Cure. Journal of Clinical Oncology, 13 (4), 801-807. Gottgens, B. and Green, A.R. (1995), Retinoic Acid and the Differentiation of Lymphohematopoietic Stem-Cells. Bioessays, 17 (3), 187-189. Chen, J.Y., Penco, S., Ostrowski, J., Balaguer, P., Pons, M., Starrett, J.E., Reczek, P., Chambon, P. and Gronemeyer, H. (1995), Rar-Specific Agonist/Antagonists Which Dissociate Transactivation and Ap1 Transrepression Inhibit Anchorage-Independent Cell-Proliferation. Embo Journal, 14 (6), 1187-1197. Goy, A., Passalaris, T., Xiao, Y.H., Miller, W.H., Siegel, D.S. and Zelenetz, A.D. (1995), The Pml Gene Is Linked to A Megabase-Scale Insertion/Deletion Restriction-Fragment-Length-Polymorphism. Genomics, 26 (2), 327-333. Jurcic, J.G., Caron, P.C., Miller, W.H., Yao, T.J., Maslak, P., Finn, R.D., Larson, S.M., Warrel, R.P. and Scheinberg, D.A. (1995), Sequential Targeted Therapy for Relapsed Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia with All-Trans-Retinoic Acid and Anti-Cd33 Monoclonal-Antibody M195. Leukemia, 9 (2), 244-248. Zhu, J., Shi, X.G., Chu, H.Y., Tong, J.H., Wang, Z.Y., Naoe, T., Waxman, S., Chen, S.J. and Chen, Z. (1995), Effect of Retinoic Acid Isomers on Proliferation, Differentiation and Pml Relocalization in the Apl Cell-Line Nb4. Leukemia, 9 (2), 302-309. Gianni, M., Calzi, M.L., Terao, M., Rambaldi, A. and Garattini, E. (1995), Tyrosine Kinases But Not Camp-Dependent Protein-Kinase Mediate the Induction of Leukocyte Alkaline-Phosphatase by Granulocyte-Colony-Stimulating Factor and Retinoic Acid in Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia-Cells. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 208 (2), 846-854. Yang, Y.L., Bailey, J., Vacchio, M.S., Yarchoan, R. and Ashwell, J.D. (1995), Retinoic Acid Inhibition of Ex-Vivo Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Associated Apoptosis of Peripheral-Blood Cells. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 92 (7), 3051-3055. Terris, B., Baldin, V., Dubois, S., Degott, C., Flejou, J.F., Henin, D. and Dejean, A. (1995), Pml Nuclear-Bodies Are General Targets for Inflammation and Cell-Proliferation. Cancer Research, 55 (7), 1590-1597. Shimamoto, Y., Suga, K., Yamaguchi, M., Kuriyama, K. and Tomonaga, M. (1994), Prophylaxis of Symptoms of Hyperhistaminemia After the Treatment of Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia with All-Trans-Retinoic Acid. Acta Haematologica, 92 (2), 109-112. Koller, E., Karlic, H., Krieger, O., Mistrik, M., Gadner, H., Lutz, D., Heinz, R., Michlmayr, G. and Pittermann, E. (1995), Early Detection of Minimal Residual Disease by Reverse-Transcriptase Polymerase Chain-Reaction Predicts Relapse in Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia. Annals of Hematology, 70 (2), 75-78. Omay, S.B., Nishikawa, M., Morita, K., Toyoda, H., Nakai, K., Shima, H., Nagao, M., Kitagawa, S., Saito, M. and Shiku, H. (1995), Decreased Expression of Protein Phosphatase Type 2A in Hl-60 Variant (Hl-6Ora) Cells Resistant to Induction of Cell-Differentiation by All-Trans-Retinoic Acid. Experimental Hematology, 23 (3), 244-251. Seiter, K., Miller, W.H., Feldman, E.J., Ahmed, T. and Arlin, Z. (1995), Pilot-Study of All-Trans-Retinoic Acid As Postremission Therapy in Patients with Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia. Leukemia, 9 (1), 15-18. Kanamaru, A., Takemoto, Y., Tanimoto, M., Murakami, H., Asou, N., Kobayashi, T., Kuriyama, K., Ohmoto, E., Sakamaki, H., Tsubaki, K., Hiraoka, A., Yamada, O., Oh, H., Saito, K., Matsuda, S., Minato, K., Ueda, T. and Ohno, R. (1995), All-Trans-Retinoic Acid for the Treatment of Newly-Diagnosed Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia. Blood, 85 (5), 1202-1206. Muindi, J.R.F., Young, C.W. and Warrell, R.P. (1994), Clinical-Pharmacology of All-Trans-Retinoic Acid. Leukemia, 8), S16-S21. Gill, P.S., Espina, B.M., Moudgil, T., Kidane, S., Esplin, J.A., Tulpule, A. and Levine, A.M. (1994), All-Trans-Retinoic Acid for the Treatment of Aids-Related Kaposis-Sarcoma - Results of A Pilot Phase-Ii Study. Leukemia, 8), S26-S32. Arnold, A., Kowaleski, B., Tozer, R. and Hirte, H. (1994), The Arotinoids - Early Clinical-Experience and Discussion of Future-Development. Leukemia, 8), S42-S49. Ohno, R., Ohnishi, K., Takeshita, A., Tanimoto, M., Murakami, H., Kanamaru, A., Asou, N., Kobayashi, T., Kuriyama, K., Ohmoto, E., Sakamaki, H., Tsubaki, K., Hiraoka, A., Yamada, O., Oh, H., Furusawa, S., Matsuda, S. and Naoe, T. (1994), All-Trans-Retinoic Acid Therapy in Relapsed Refractory Or Newly-Diagnosed Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia (Apl) in Japan. Leukemia, 8), S64-S69. Dombret, H., Castaigne, S., Fenaux, P., Chomienne, C. and Degos, L. (1994), Induction Treatment of Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia Using All-Trans-Retinoic Acid - Controversies About Dosage, Advantages and Side-Effect Management. Leukemia, 8), S73-S75. Licht, J.D., Chomienne, C., Goy, A., Chen, A., Scott, A.A., Head, D.R., Michaux, J.L., Wu, Y., Deblasio, A., Miller, W.H., Zelenetz, A.D., Willman, C.L., Chen, Z., Chen, S.J., Zelent, A., Macintyre, E., Veil, A., Cortes, J., Kantarjian, H. and Waxman, S. (1995), Clinical and Molecular Characterization of A Rare Syndrome of Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia Associated with Translocation (11-17). Blood, 85 (4), 1083-1094. Elmansouri, S., Tod, M., Leclerq, M., Petitjean, O., Perret, G. and Porthault, M. (1995), Time-Dependent and Dose-Dependent Kinetics of All-Trans-Retinoic Acid in Rats After Oral Or Intravenous Administration(S). Drug Metabolism and Disposition, 23 (2), 227-231. Bollag, W. (1994), Experimental Basis of Cancer Combination Chemotherapy with Retinoids, Cytokines, 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D-3, and Analogs. Journal of Cellular Biochemistry, 56 (4), 427-435. Sham, R.L., Phatak, P.D., Belanger, K.A. and Packman, C.H. (1995), Functional-Properties of Hl-60 Cells Matured with All-Trans-Retinoic Acid and Dmso - Differences in Response to Interleukin-8 and Fmlp. Leukemia Research, 19 (1), 1-6. Pakkala, S., Devos, S., Elstner, E., Rude, R.K., Uskokovic, M., Binderup, L. and Koeffler, H.P. (1995), Vitamin-D-3 Analogs - Effect on Leukemic Clonal Growth and Differentiation, and on Serum-Calcium Levels. Leukemia Research, 19 (1), 65-72. Cornic, M., Agadir, A., Degos, L. and Chomienne, C. (1994), Retinoids and Differentiation Treatment - A Strategy for Treatment in Cancer. Anticancer Research, 14 (6A), 2339-2346. Degos, L. (1994), Is Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia A Curable Disease - Treatment Strategy for A Long-Term Survival. Leukemia, 8), S6-S8. Lavau, C. and Dejean, A. (1994), The T(15-17)-Translocation in Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia. Leukemia, 8), S9-S15. Cornic, M., Delva, L., Castaigne, S., Lefebvre, P., Balitrand, N., Degos, L. and Chomienne, C. (1994), In-Vitro All-Trans-Retinoic Acid (Atra) Sensitivity and Cellular Retinoic Acid-Binding Protein (Crabp) Levels in Relapse Leukemic-Cells After Remission Induction by Atra in Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia. Leukemia, 8), S16-S19. Rodeghiero, F. and Castaman, G. (1994), The Pathophysiology and Treatment of Hemorrhagic Syndrome of Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia. Leukemia, 8), S20-S26. Head, D.R., Kopecky, K.J., Willman, C. and Appelbaum, F.R. (1994), Treatment Outcome with Chemotherapy in Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia - the Southwest-Oncology-Group (Swog) Experience. Leukemia, 8), S38-S41. Fenaux, P., Chastang, C. and Degos, L. (1994), Treatment of Newly-Diagnosed Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia (Apl) by A Combination of All-Trans-Retinoic Acid (Atra) and Chemotherapy. Leukemia, 8), S42-S47. Fenaux, P. (1994), Treatment of Newly-Diagnosed Apl - the Best Choice Is Not Atra Or Chemotherapy...But A Combination of Both. Leukemia, 8), S59-S61. Shimasaki, H., Kagechika, H., Fukasawa, H., Kawachi, E. and Shudo, K. (1995), Retinoidal Dienamides and Related Aromatic Amides - Replacement of the 9-Ene Structure of Retinoic Acid with A Trans-Amide Or Cis-Amide Group. Chemical & Pharmaceutical Bulletin, 43 (1), 100-107. Chen, Z., Chen, S.J. and Wang, Z.Y. (1994), Retinoic Acid and Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia - A Model of Targeting Treatment for Human Cancer. Comptes Rendus de l Academie des Sciences Serie Iii-Sciences de la Vie-Life Sciences, 317 (12), 1135-1141. Chen, S.J., Wang, Z.Y. and Chen, Z. (1995), Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia - from Clinic to Molecular-Biology. Stem Cells, 13 (1), 22-31. Dore, B.T., Uskokovic, M.R. and Momparler, R.L. (1994), Increased Sensitivity to A Vitamin-D-3 Analog in Hl-60 Myeloid Leukemic-Cells Resistant to All-Trans-Retinoic Acid. Leukemia, 8 (12), 2179-2182. Visani, G., Zauli, G., Tosi, P., Ottaviani, E., Gibellini, D., Manfroi, S., Celeghini, C., Pagliarini, C., Bassini, A. and Tura, S. (1994), All-Trans-Retinoic Acid Potentiates Megakaryocyte Colony Formation - In-Vitro and In-Vivo Effects After Administration to Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia Patients. Leukemia, 8 (12), 2183-2187. Grignani, F., Testa, U., Fagioli, M., Barberi, T., Masciulli, R., Mariani, G., Peschle, C. and Pelicci, P.G. (1995), Promyelocytic Leukemia-Specific Pml-Retinoic Acid Alpha-Receptor Fusion Protein Interferes with Erythroid-Differentiation of Human Erythroleukemia K562 Cells. Cancer Research, 55 (2), 440-443. Spector, N.L., Hardy, L., Ryan, C., Miller, W.H., Humes, J.L., Nadler, L.M. and Luedke, E. (1995), 28-Kda Mammalian Heat-Shock Protein, A Novel Substrate of A Growth-Regulatory Protease Involved in Differentiation of Human Leukemia-Cells. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 270 (3), 1003-1006. Ehinger, M., Nilsson, E., Persson, A.M., Olsson, I. and Gullberg, U. (1995), Involvement of the Tumor-Suppressor Gene P53 in Tumor Necrosis Factor-Induced Differentiation of the Leukemic-Cell Line K562. Cell Growth & Differentiation, 6 (1), 9-17. Eyrolles, L., Kawachi, E., Kagechika, H., Hashimoto, Y. and Shudo, K. (1994), Synthesis and Biological-Activity of Carboxyphenylquinolines and Related-Compounds As New Potent Retinoids - Retinobenzoic Acids .7. Chemical & Pharmaceutical Bulletin, 42 (12), 2575-2581. Tanaka, T. (1994), Cancer Chemoprevention by Natural-Products (Review). Oncology Reports, 1 (6), 1139-1155. Adedoyin, A., Stiff, D.D., Smith, D.C., Romkes, M., Bahnson, R.C., Day, R., Hofacker, J., Branch, R.A. and Trump, D.L. (1998), All-trans-retinoic acid modulation of drug-metabolizing enzyme activities: investigation with selective metabolic drug probes. Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology, 41 (2), 133-139. Rephaeli, A. and Nordenberg, J. (1994), Cytodifferentiation Inducers As Anticancer Agents (Review). Oncology Reports, 1 (3), 481-487. Chigira, M. and Watanabe, H. (1994), Non-Teleological Differentiation of Malignancy (Review). Oncology Reports, 1 (2), 329-339. Pace, U., Bockman, J.M., Mackay, B.J., Miller, W.H., Dmitrovsky, E. and Goldberg, A.R. (1994), A Ribozyme Which Discriminates In-Vitro Between Pml/Rar-Alpha, the T(15-17)-Associated Fusion Rna of Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia, and Pml and Rar-Alpha, the Transcripts from the Nonrearranged Alleles. Cancer Research, 54 (24), 6365-6369. Castleberry, R.P., Emanuel, P.D., Zuckerman, K.S., Cohn, S., Strauss, L., Byrd, R.L., Homans, A., Chaffee, S., Nitschke, R. and Gualtieri, R.J. (1994), A Pilot-Study of Isotretinoin in the Treatment of Juvenile Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia. New England Journal of Medicine, 331 (25), 1680-1684. Nakajima, H., Kizaki, M., Sonoda, A., Mori, S., Harigaya, K. and Ikeda, Y. (1994), Retinoids (All-Trans and 9-Cis Retinoic Acid) Stimulate Production of Macrophage-Colony-Stimulating Factor and Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor by Human Bone-Marrow Stromal Cells. Blood , 84 (12), 4107-4115. Tsai, S., Bartelmez, S., Sitnicka, E. and Collins, S. (1994), Lymphohematopoietic Progenitors Immortalized by A Retroviral Vector Harboring A Dominant-Negative Retinoic Acid Receptor Can Recapitulate Lymphoid, Myeloid, and Erythroid Development. Genes & Development, 8 (23), 2831-2841. Muindi, J.R.F., Young, C.W. and Warrell, R.P. (1994), Clinical-Pharmacology of All-Trans-Retinoic Acid. Leukemia, 8 (11), 1807-1812. Arnold, A., Kowaleski, B., Tozer, R. and Hirte, H. (1994), The Arotinoids - Early Clinical-Experience and Discussion of Future-Development. Leukemia, 8 (11), 1817-1824. Yen, P.M. and Chin, W.W. (1994), Molecular Mechanisms of Dominant-Negative Activity by Nuclear Hormone Receptors. Molecular Endocrinology, 8 (11), 1450-1454. Turowski, R.C. and Triozzi, P.L. (1994), Application of Chemical Immunomodulators to the Treatment of Cancer and Aids. Cancer Investigation, 12 (6), 620-643. Leong, K.W., Bosco, J.J. and Teh, A. (1994), Advantage of Induction Therapy with All-Trans-Retinoic Acid in Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia in A Country with Limited Transfusion Resources - A Malaysian Experience. European Journal of Haematology, 53 (4), 237-241. Yung, B.Y.M. (1994), Sphinganine Potentiation of Cellular-Differentiation Induced by Various Antileukemia Drugs in Human Leukemia-Cell Line Hl-60. Naunyn-Schmiedebergs Archives of Pharmacology, 350 (5), 575-581. Barrero, A.F., Sanchez, J.F., Oltra, J.E., Teva, D., Ferrol, R.R., Elmerabet, J., Delmoral, R.G., Lucena, M.A. and Ovalle, F. (1994), Synthesis of Some Retinoids Bearing Different Heterocyclic Rings with Anticancer Activity. European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 29 (10), 773-780. Fanjul, A., Dawson, M.I., Hobbs, P.D., Jong, L., Cameron, J.F., Harlev, E., Graupner, G., Lu, X.P. and Pfahl, M. (1994), A New Class of Retinoids with Selective-Inhibition of Ap-1 Inhibits Proliferation. Nature, 372 (6501), 107-111. Zhang, X.K., Liu, Y., Lee, M.O. and Pfahl, M. (1994), A Specific Defect in the Retinoic Acid Response Associated with Human Lung-Cancer Cell-Lines. Cancer Research, 54 (21), 5663-5669. Koyama, T., Hirosawa, S., Kawamata, N., Tohda, S. and Aoki, N. (1994), All-Trans-Retinoic Acid Up-Regulates Thrombomodulin and Down-Regulates Tissue-Factor Expression in Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia-Cells - Distinct Expression of Thrombomodulin and Tissue Factor in Human Leukemic-Cells. Blood, 84 (9), 3001-3009. Ogata, A., Nishimoto, N., Shima, Y., Yoshizaki, K. and Kishimoto, T. (1994), Inhibitory Effect of All-Trans-Retinoic Acid on the Growth of Freshly Isolated Myeloma Cells Via Interference with Interleukin-6 Signal-Transduction. Blood, 84 (9), 3040-3046. Sagayadan, G.E., Wiernik, P.H., Sun, N., Ahearn, G., Thompson, D., Hallam, S.J., Hu, X.P., Dutcher, J.P. and Gallagher, R.E. (1994), Effect of Retinoic Acid and Interferon-Alpha on Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Forming Cells in Chronic Myeloid-Leukemia - Increased Inhibition by All-Trans-Retinoic and 13-Cis-Retinoic Acids in Advanced-Stage Disease. Leukemia Research, 18 (10), 741-748. Lavau, C. and Dejean, A. (1994), The T(1517) Translocation in Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia. Leukemia, 8 (10), 1615-1621. Dubois, C., Schlageter, M.H., Degentile, A., Toubert, M.E., Krawice, I., Fenaux, P., Castaigne, S., Najean, Y., Degos, L., Chomienne, C. and Balitrand, N. (1994), Modulation of Il-8, Il-1-Beta, and G-Csf Secretion by All-Trans-Retinoic Acid in Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia. Leukemia, 8 (10), 1750-1757. Takahashi, N. and Breitman, T.R. (1994), Induction of Differentiation and Covalent Binding to Proteins by the Synthetic Retinoids Ch55 and Am80. Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics, 314 (1), 82-89. Warrell, R.P. (1994), Applications for Retinoids in Cancer-Therapy - Introduction. Seminars in Hematology, 31 (4), 1-13. Breitman, T.R., Chen, Z.X. and Takahashi, N. (1994), Potential Applications of Cytodifferentiation Therapy in Hematologic Malignancies. Seminars in Hematology, 31 (4), 18-25. Tallman, M.S. (1994), All-Trans-Retinoic Acid in Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia and Its Potential in Other Hematologic Malignancies. Seminars in Hematology, 31 (4), 38-48. Miller, V.A., Rigas, J.R., Muindi, J.R.F., Tong, W.P., Venkatraman, E., Kris, M.G. and Warrell, R.P. (1994), Modulation of All-Trans-Retinoic Acid Pharmacokinetics by Liarozole. Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology, 34 (6), 522-526. Kizaki, K., Ishii, H., Horie, S. and Kazama, M. (1994), Thrombomodulin Induction by All-Trans-Retinoic Acid Is Independent of Hl-60 Cells Differentiation to Neutrophilic Cells. Thrombosis and Haemostasis, 72 (4), 573-577. Burn, T.C., Petrovick, M.S., Hohaus, S., Rollins, B.J. and Tenen, D.G. (1994), Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1 Gene Is Expressed in Activated Neutrophils and Retinoic Acid-Induced Human Myeloid Cell-Lines. Blood, 84 (8), 2776-2783. Sheikh, M.S., Shao, Z.M., Li, X.S., Dawson, M., Jetten, A.M., Wu, S.L., Conley, B.A., Garcia, M., Rochefort, H. and Fontana, J.A. (1994), Retinoid-Resistant Estrogen Receptor-Negative Human Breast-Carcinoma Cells Transfected with Retinoic Acid Receptor-Alpha Acquire Sensitivity to Growth-Inhibition by Retinoids. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 269 (34), 21440-21447. Chen, A., Licht, J.D., Wu, Y., Hellinger, N., Scher, W. and Waxman, S. (1994), Retinoic Acid Is Required for and Potentiates Differentiation of Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia-Cells by Nonretinoid Agents. Blood, 84 (7), 2122-2129. Weiss, M.A. and Warrell, R.P. (1994), 2 Cases of Extramedullary Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia - Cytogenetics, Molecular-Biology, and Phenotypic and Clinical-Studies. Cancer, 74 (7), 1882-1886. Mu, Z.M., Chin, K.V., Liu, J.H., Lozano, G. and Chang, K.S. (1994), Pml, A Growth Suppressor Disrupted in Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia. Molecular and Cellular Biology, 14 (10), 6858-6867. Suzumiya, J., Asahara, F., Katakami, H., Kimura, N., Hisano, S., Okumura, M. and Ohno, R. (1994), Hypercalcemia Caused by All-Trans-Retinoic Acid Treatment of Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia - Case-Report. European Journal of Haematology, 53 (2), 126-127. Wang, Y.S., Dai, W. and Murphy, M.J. (1994), Modulation of Lipopolysaccharide-Mediated Cytokine Secretions by Retinoic Acid. International Journal of Oncology, 4 (4), 815-820. Malpas, J.S. (1994), Some Aspects of Cancer Medicine. Journal of the Royal College of Physicians of London, 28 (2), 136-142. Metcalf, D. (1994), Foundations in Cancer-Research - Hematopoietic Regulators and Leukemia Development - A Personal Retrospective. Advances in Cancer Research, Vol 63, 63), 41-91. Nishikawa, M., Omay, S.B., Toyoda, H., Tawara, I., Shima, H., Nagao, M., Hemmings, B.A., Mumby, M.C. and Deguchi, K. (1994), Expression of the Catalytic and Regulatory Subunits of Protein Phosphatase Type 2A May be Differentially Modulated During Retinoic Acid-Induced Granulocytic Differentiation of Hl-60 Cells. Cancer Research, 54 (18), 4879-4884. Mandelli, F., Labopin, M., Granena, A., Iriondo, A., Prentice, G., Bacigalupo, A., Sierra, J., Meloni, G., Frassoni, F., Goldman, J., Gratwohl, A. and Gorin, N.C. (1994), European Survey of Bone-Marrow Transplantation in Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia (M3). Bone Marrow Transplantation, 14 (2), 293-298. Ruchaud, S., Duprez, E., Gendron, M.C., Houge, G., Genieser, H.G., Jastorff, B., Doskeland, S.O. and Lanotte, M. (1994), 2 Distinctly Regulated Events, Priming and Triggering, During Retinoid-Induced Maturation and Resistance of Nb4 Promyelocytic Leukemia-Cell Line. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 91 (18), 8428-8432. Imaizumi, M., Sato, A., Koizumi, Y., Inoue, S., Suzuki, H., Suwabe, N., Yoshinari, M., Ichinohasama, R., Endo, K., Sawai, T. and Tada, K. (1994), Potentiated Maturation with A High Proliferating Activity of Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia Induced In-Vitro by Granulocyte Or Granulocyte/Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factors in Combination with All-Trans-Retinoic Acid. Leukemia, 8 (8), 1301-1308. Lopezandreu, J.A., Ferris, J., Verdeguer, A., Esquembre, C. and Castel, V. (1994), Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia with T(1517) Abnormality After Chemotherapy Containing Etoposide for Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis. Cancer, 74 (5), 1650-1651. Mehta, K., Sadeghi, T., Mcqueen, T. and Lopezberestein, G. (1994), Liposome Encapsulation Circumvents the Hepatic-Clearance Mechanisms of All-Trans-Retinoic Acid. Leukemia Research, 18 (8), 587-596. Murayama, A., Suzuki, T. and Matsui, M. (1994), Biological Effect of Geometrical-Isomers of Retinoic Acid on Human Promyelocytic Leukemia (Hl-60) Cells. Proceedings of the Japan Academy Series B-Physical and Biological Sciences, 70 (6), 81-86. Mangelsdorf, D.J., Kliewer, S.A., Kakizuka, A., Umesono, K. and Evans, R.M. (1993), Retinoid Receptors. Recent Progress in Hormone Research, Vol 48, 48), 99-121. Testa, U., Grignani, F., Barberi, T., Fagioli, M., Masciulli, R., Ferrucci, P.F., Seripa, D., Camagna, A., Alcalay, M., Pelicci, P.G. and Peschle, C. (1994), Pml/Rar-Alpha(+) U937 Mutant and Nb4 Cell-Lines - Retinoic Acid Restores the Monocytic Differentiation Response to Vitamin-D-3. Cancer Research, 54 (16), 4508-4515. Limentani, S.A., Pretell, J.O., Potter, D., Dubois, J.S., Daoust, P.R., Spieler, P.S. and Miller, K.B. (1994), Bone-Marrow Necrosis in 2 Patients with Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia During Treatment with All-Trans-Retinoic Acid. American Journal of Hematology, 47 (1), 50-55. Abrams, J.S., Moore, T.D. and Friedman, M. (1994), New Chemotherapeutic-Agents for Breast-Cancer. Cancer, 74 (3), 1164-1176. Hashimoto, S., Koike, T., Tatewaki, W., Seki, Y., Sato, N., Azegami, T., Tsukada, N., Takahashi, H., Kimura, H., Ueno, M., Arakawa, M. and Shibata, A. (1994), Fatal Thromboembolism in Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia During All-Trans-Retinoic Acid Therapy Combined with Antifibrinolytic Therapy for Prophylaxis of Hemorrhage. Leukemia, 8 (7), 1113-1115. Bonchev, D., Seitz, W.A., Mountain, C.F. and Balaban, A.T. (1994), Modeling the Anticarcinogenic Action of Retinoids by Making Use of the Oasis Method .3. Inhibition of the Induction of Ornithine Decarboxylase by Arotinoids. Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 37 (15), 2300-2307. Patterson, W.K., Sage, R.E. and Keefe, D.M. (1994), Hemorrhagic Gastritis in 2 Patients Treated with All-Trans-Retinoic Acid in Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Medicine , 24 (3), 314-315. Caviglioli, G., Parodi, B., Cafaggi, S., Bignardi, G. and Romussi, G. (1994), Stability-Indicating Hplc Assay for Retinoic Acid in Hard Gelatin Capsules Containing Lactose and As Bulk Drug Substance. Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy, 20 (15), 2395-2408. Tallman, M.S. and Rowe, J.M. (1994), Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia - A Paradigm for Differentiation Therapy with Retinoic Acid. Blood Reviews, 8 (2), 70-78. Takeda, N. and Yamamoto, A. (1994), Simultaneous Determination of 13-Cis-Retinoic and All-Trans-Retinoic Acids and Retinol in Human Serum by High-Performance Liquid-Chromatography. Journal of Chromatography B-Biomedical Applications, 657 (1), 53-59. Dawson, M.I., Elstner, E., Kizaki, M., Chen, D.L., Pakkala, S., Kerner, B. and Koeffler, H.P. (1994), Myeloid Differentiation Mediated Through Retinoic Acid Receptor Retinoic-X Receptor (Rxr) Not Rxr/Rxr Pathway. Blood, 84 (2), 446-452. Fenaux, P., Wattel, E., Archimbaud, E., Sanz, M., Hecquet, B., Fegueux, N., Guerci, A., Link, H., Fey, M., Castaigne, S. and Degos, L. (1994), Prolonged Follow-Up Confirms That All-Trans-Retinoic Acid Followed by Chemotherapy Reduces the Risk of Relapse in Newly-Diagnosed Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia. Blood, 84 (2), 666-667. Vellanoweth, R.L., Supakar, P.C. and Roy, A.K. (1994), Transcription Factors in Development, Growth, and Aging. Laboratory Investigation, 70 (6), 784-799. Degos, L. (1994), Is Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia A Curable Disease - Treatment Strategy for A Long-Term Survival. Leukemia, 8 (6), 911-913. Comic, M., Delva, L., Castaigne, S., Lefebvre, P., Balitrand, N., Degos, L. and Chomienne, C. (1994), In-Vitro All-Trans-Retinoic Acid (Atra) Sensitivity and Cellular Retinoic Acid-Binding Protein (Crabp) Levels in Relapse Leukemic-Cells After Remission Induction by Atra in Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia. Leukemia, 8 (6), 914-917. Eardley, A.M., Heller, G. and Warrell, R.P. (1994), Morbidity and Costs of Remission Induction Therapy with All-Trans-Retinoic Acid Compared with Standard Chemotherapy in Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia. Leukemia, 8 (6), 934-939. Bollag, W. (1994), Retinoids in Oncology - Experimental and Clinical Aspects. Pure and Applied Chemistry, 66 (5), 995-1002. Sarkar, A., Yang, P.R., Fan, Y.H., Mu, Z.M., Hauptmann, R., Adolf, G.R., Stass, S.A. and Chang, K.S. (1994), Regulation of the Expression of Annexin-Viii in Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia. Blood, 84 (1), 279-286. Chen, Z.X. and Breitman, T.R. (1994), Tributyrin - A Prodrug of Butyric-Acid for Potential Clinical-Application in Differentiation Therapy. Cancer Research, 54 (13), 3494-3499. Guiso, G., Rambaldi, A., Dimitrova, B., Biondi, A. and Caccia, S. (1994), Determination of Orally-Administered All-Trans-Retinoic Acid in Human Plasma by High-Performance Liquid-Chromatography. Journal of Chromatography B-Biomedical Applications, 656 (1), 239-244. Francastel, C., Groisman, R., Pfarr, C.M. and Robertlezenes, J. (1994), Antisense C-Jun Overcomes A Differentiation Block in A Murine Erythroleukemia Cell-Line. Oncogene, 9 (7), 1957-1964. Shibata, K., Shimamoto, Y., Ishibashi, S., Tominaga, H., Suga, K. and Yamaguchi, M. (1994), Life-Threatening Hepatic Toxicity Caused by All-Trans-Retinoic Acid in A Patient with Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia. Clinical and Laboratory Haematology, 16 (2), 191-195. Jung, S.J., Lee, Y.Y., Pakkala, S., Devos, S., Elstner, E., Norman, A.W., Green, J., Uskokovic, M. and Koeffler, H.P. (1994), 1,25(Oh)(2)-16-Ene-Vitamin-D-3 Is A Potent Antileukemic Agent with Low Potential to Cause Hypercalcemia. Leukemia Research, 18 (6), 453-463. Cheng, A.L., Su, I.J., Chen, C.C., Tien, H.F., Lay, J.D., Chen, B.R., Pu, Y.S., Hang, R.L., Shen, M.C., Wang, C.H. and Chen, Y.C. (1994), Use of Retinoic Acids in the Treatment of Peripheral T-Cell Lymphoma - A Pilot-Study. Journal of Clinical Oncology, 12 (6), 1185-1192. Cortes, J.E., Kantarjian, H., Obrien, S., Robertson, L.E., Koller, C., Hirshginsberg, C., Stass, S., Keating, M. and Estey, E. (1994), All-Trans-Retinoic Acid Followed by Chemotherapy for Salvage of Refractory Or Relapsed Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia. Cancer, 73 (12), 2946-2952. Kraft, J.C., Willhite, C.C. and Juchau, M.R. (1994), Embryogenesis in Cultured Whole Rat Embryos After Combined Exposures to 3,3',5-Triiodo-L-Thyronine (T3) Plus All-Trans-Retinoic Acid and to T3 Plus 9-Cis-Retinoic Acid. Journal of Craniofacial Genetics and Developmental Biology, 14 (2), 75-86. Kawai, Y., Watanabe, K., Kizaki, M., Murata, M., Kamata, T., Uchida, H., Moriki, T., Yokoyama, K., Tokuhira, M., Nakajima, H., Handa, M. and Ikeda, Y. (1994), Rapid Improvement of Coagulopathy by All-Trans-Retinoic Acid in Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia. American Journal of Hematology, 46 (3), 184-188. Tohda, S., Shudo, K. and Minden, M.D. (1994), The Effects of Retinoic Acid Analogs on the Blast Cells of Acute Myeloblastic-Leukemia in Culture. International Journal of Oncology, 4 (6), 1311-1314. Vandermeulen, D.L., Prasad, V.V.T.S. and Moskal, J.R. (1994), The Identification of Glioblastoma-Associated, Fucose-Containing Glycoproteins Induced by Retinoic Acid. Molecular and Chemical Neuropathology , 21 (2-3), 311-327. Kizaki, M., Nakajima, H., Mori, S., Koike, T., Morikawa, M., Ohta, M., Saito, M., Koeffler, H.P. and Ikeda, Y. (1994), Novel Retinoic Acid, 9-Cis Retinoic Acid, in Combination with All-Trans-Retinoic Acid Is An Effective Inducer of Differentiation of Retinoic Acid-Resistant Hl-60 Cells. Blood, 83 (11), 3289-3297. Achkar, C.C., Bentel, J.M., Boylan, J.F., Scher, H.I., Gudas, L.J. and Miller, W.H. (1994), Differences in the Pharmacokinetic Properties of Orally-Administered All-Trans-Retinoic Acid and 9-Cis-Retinoic Acid in the Plasma of Nude-Mice. Drug Metabolism and Disposition, 22 (3), 451-458. Agadir, A., Cornic, M., Gourmel, B., Lefebvre, P., Degos, L. and Chomienne, C. (1994), Retinoic Acid Receptors - Involvement in Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia. Cellular and Molecular Biology, 40 (3), 263-274. Levine, K., Deblasio, A. and Miller, W.H. (1994), Molecular Diagnosis and Monitoring of Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia Treated with Retinoic Acid. Leukemia, 8), S116-S120. Umehara, K., Endoh, M., Miyase, T., Kuroyanagi, M. and Ueno, A. (1994), Studies on Differentiation Inducers .4. Pregnane Derivatives from Condurango Cortex. Chemical & Pharmaceutical Bulletin, 42 (3), 611-616. Xu, X.C., Clifford, J.L., Hong, W.K. and Lotan, R. (1994), Detection of Nuclear Retinoic Acid Receptor Messenger-Rna in Histological Tissue-Sections Using Nonradioactive In-Situ Hybridization Histochemistry. Diagnostic Molecular Pathology, 3 (2), 122-131. Jacobsen, S.E.W., Fahlman, C., Blomhoff, H.K., Okkenhaug, C., Rusten, L.S. and Smeland, E.B. (1994), All-Trans-Retinoic and 9-Cis-Retinoic Acid - Potent Direct Inhibitors of Primitive Murine Hematopoietic Progenitors In-Vitro. Journal of Experimental Medicine, 179 (5), 1665-1670. Zaccaria, A., Testoni, N., Martinelli, G., Pelliconi, S., Buzzi, M., Farabegoli, P., Naldi, S., Salvucci, M. and Tura, S. (1994), 4-Chromosomes Complex Translocations in Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia - Description of 2 Cases. European Journal of Haematology, 52 (3), 129-133. Skrede, B., Lie, S.O., Blomhoff, R. and Norum, K.R. (1994), Uptake and Storage of Retinol and Retinyl Esters in Bone-Marrow of Children with Acute Myeloid-Leukemia Treated with High-Dose Retinyl Palmitate. European Journal of Haematology, 52 (3), 140-144. Najfeld, V., Chen, A., Scalise, A., Ambinder, E.P., Fernandez, G. and Waxman, S. (1994), Myelodysplastic Syndrome Transforming to Acute Promyelocytic-Like Leukemia with Trisomy and Rearrangement of Chromosome-Ii. Genes Chromosomes & Cancer, 10 (1), 15-25. Celo, J.S., Kim, H.C., Houlihan, C., Canavan, B.F., Manzullo, G.P. and Saidi, P. (1994), Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia in Pregnancy - All-Trans-Retinoic Acid As A Newer Therapeutic Option. Obstetrics and Gynecology, 83 (5), 808-811. Tohda, S. and Minden, M.D. (1994), Modulation of Growth-Factor Receptors on Acute Myeloblastic-Leukemia Cells by Retinoic Acid. Japanese Journal of Cancer Research, 85 (4), 378-383. Ganser, A., Seipelt, G., Verbeek, W., Ottmann, O.G., Maurer, A., Kolbe, K., Hess, U., Elsner, S., Reutzel, R., Wormann, B., Hiddemann, W. and Hoelzer, D. (1994), Effect of Combination Therapy with All-Trans-Retinoic Acid and Recombinant Human Granulocyte-Colony-Stimulating Factor in Patients with Myelodysplastic Syndromes. Leukemia, 8 (3), 369-375. Thomas, X., Fiere, D. and Archimbaud, E. (1994), Persistence of Retinoic Acid Sensitivity in Relapsed Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia with Extramedullary Involvement. Leukemia, 8 (3), 520-521. Iwakiri, R., Inokuchi, K., Dan, K. and Nomura, T. (1994), Marked Basophilia in Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia Treated with All-Trans-Retinoic Acid - Molecular Analysis of the Cell Origin of the Basophils. British Journal of Haematology, 86 (4), 870-872. Hayashi, M., Okabekado, J. and Hozumi, M. (1994), Flow-Cytometric Analysis of In-Vivo Induction of Differentiation of Wehi-3B Myelomonocytic Leukemia-Cells by Recombinant Granulocyte-Colony-Stimulating Factor. Experimental Hematology, 22 (4), 393-398. Tapiovaara, H., Matikainen, S., Hurme, M. and Vaheri, A. (1994), Induction of Differentiation of Promyelocytic Nb4 Cells by Retinoic Acid Is Associated with Rapid Increase in Urokinase Activity Subsequently Down-Regulated by Production of Inhibitors. Blood, 83 (7), 1883-1891. Gianni, M., Terao, M., Zanotta, S., Barbui, T., Rambaldi, A. and Garattini, E. (1994), Retinoic Acid and Granulocyte-Colony-Stimulating Factor Synergistically Induce Leukocyte Alkaline-Phosphatase in Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia-Cells. Blood, 83 (7), 1909-1921. Lotan, R. (1994), Suppression of Squamous-Cell Carcinoma Growth and Differentiation by Retinoids. Cancer Research, 54 (7), S1987-S1990. Drach, J., Mcqueen, T., Engel, H., Andreeff, M., Robertson, K.A., Collins, S.J., Malavasi, F. and Mehta, K. (1994), Retinoic Acid-Induced Expression of Cd38 Antigen in Myeloid Cells Is Mediated Through Retinoic Acid Receptor-Alpha. Cancer Research, 54 (7), 1746-1752. Guidez, F., Huang, W., Tong, J.H., Dubois, C., Balitrand, N., Waxman, S., Michaux, J.L., Martiat, P., Degos, L., Chen, Z. and Chomienne, C. (1994), Poor Response to All-Trans-Retinoic Acid Therapy in A T(1117) Plzf/Rar-Alpha Patient. Leukemia, 8 (2), 312-317. Coombes, R.C. (1993), New Targets for Cancer-Therapy. Molecular Aspects of Medicine, 14 (5), 373-&. Zelent, A. (1994), Translocation of the Rar-Alpha Locus to the Pml Or Plzf Gene in Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia. British Journal of Haematology, 86 (3), 451-460. Harrison, P., Chipping, P. and Fothergill, G.A. (1994), Successful Use of All-Trans-Retinoic Acid in Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia Presenting During the 2Nd Trimester of Pregnancy. British Journal of Haematology, 86 (3), 681-682. Seliger, B. and Huber, C. (1994), Molecular-Biology in Hematology and Oncology. Internist, 35 (2), 130-138. Pfahl, M. (1993), Signal-Transduction by Retinoid Receptors. Skin Pharmacology, 6), 8-16. Rousselot, P., Hardas, B., Patel, A., Guidez, F., Gaken, J., Castaigne, S., Dejean, A., Dethe, H., Degos, L., Farzaneh, F. and Chomienne, C. (1994), The Pml-Rar-Alpha Gene-Product of the T(1517) Translocation Inhibits Retinoic Acid-Induced Granulocytic Differentiation and Mediated Transactivation in Human Myeloid Cells. Oncogene, 9 (2), 545-551. Piette, W.W., Trapp, J.F., Odonnell, M.J., Argenyi, Z., Talbot, E.A. and Burns, C.P. (1994), Acute Neutrophilic Dermatosis with Myeloblastic Infiltrate in A Leukemia Patient Receiving All-Trans-Retinoic Acid Therapy. Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology, 30 (2), 293-297. Takahashi, N. and Breitman, T.R. (1994), Retinoylation of Vimentin in the Human Myeloid-Leukemia Cell-Line Hl-60. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 269 (8), 5913-5917. Glasser, L., Fiederlein, R.L., Shamdas, G.J. and Brothman, A.R. (1994), Functional-Characteristics of In-Vivo Induced Neutrophils After Differentiation Therapy of Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia with All-Trans-Retinoic Acid. Cancer, 73 (4), 1206-1212. Wang, Z.Y., Chen, Z., Huang, W., Li, X.S., Lu, J.X., Huang, L.A., Zhang, F.Q., Gu, L.J., Ouyang, R.R., Chen, S.J. and Sun, G.L. (1993), Problems Existing in Differentiation Therapy of Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia (Apl) with All-Trans-Retinoic Acid (Atra). Blood Cells, 19 (3), 633-641. Giguere, V. (1994), Retinoic Acid Receptors and Cellular Retinoid-Binding Proteins - Complex Interplay in Retinoid Signaling. Endocrine Reviews, 15 (1), 61-79. Griggs, J.J., Henley, S.E. and Rowe, J.M. (1994), Treatment of Refractory Undifferentiated Acute Myelogenous Leukemia with All-Trans-Retinoic Acid. American Journal of Hematology, 45 (2), 177-180. Frankel, S.R., Eardley, A., Heller, G., Berman, E., Miller, W.H., Dmitrovsky, E. and Warrell, R.P. (1994), All-Trans-Retinoic Acid for Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia - Results of the New-York Study. Annals of Internal Medicine, 120 (4), 278-286. Laczika, K., Mitterbauer, G., Korninger, L., Knobl, P., Schwarzinger, I., Kapiotis, S., Haas, O.A., Kyrle, P.A., Pont, J., Oehler, L., Purtscher, B., Thalhammer, F., Lechner, K. and Jaeger, U. (1994), Rapid Achievement of Pml-Rar-Alpha Polymerase Chain-Reaction (Pcr)-Negativity by Combined Treatment with All-Trans-Retinoic Acid and Chemotherapy in Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia - A Pilot-Study. Leukemia, 8 (1), 1-5. Spector, N.L., Mehlen, P., Ryan, C., Hardy, L., Samson, W., Levine, H., Nadler, L.M., Fabre, N. and Arrigo, A.P. (1994), Regulation of the 28 Kda Heat-Shock Protein by Retinoic Acid During Differentiation of Human Leukemic Hl-60 Cells. Febs Letters, 337 (2), 184-188. Chen, Z., Guidez, F., Rousselot, P., Agadir, A., Chen, S.J., Wang, Z.Y., Degos, L., Zelent, A., Waxman, S. and Chomienne, C. (1994), Plzf-Rar-Alpha Fusion Proteins Generated from the Variant T(11-17)(Q23-Q21) Translocation in Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia Inhibit Ligand-Dependent Transactivation of Wild-Type Retinoic Acid Receptors. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 91 (3), 1178-1182. Cohen, M. (1993), Tretinoin - A Review of In-Vivo Pharmacological Studies. Drug Development Research, 30 (4), 238-243. Cohen, M. (1993), Tretinoin - A Review of Preclinical Toxicological Studies. Drug Development Research, 30 (4), 244-251. Dyck, J.A., Maul, G.G., Miller, W.H., Chen, J.D., Kakizuka, A. and Evans, R.M. (1994), A Novel Macromolecular Structure Is A Target of the Promyelocyte-Retinoic Acid Receptor Oncoprotein. Cell, 76 (2), 333-343. Weis, K., Rambaud, S., Lavau, C., Jansen, J., Carvalho, T., Carmofonseca, M., Lamond, A. and Dejean, A. (1994), Retinoic Acid Regulates Aberrant Nuclear-Localization of Pml-Rar-Alpha in Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia-Cells. Cell, 76 (2), 345-356. Rowley, J.D. (1994), Cytogenetic and Molecular Analysis of Pediatric Neoplasms - Diagnostic and Clinical Implications. Pediatric Pathology, 14 (1), 167-176. Yang, K.D., Mizobuchi, T., Kharbanda, S.M., Datta, R., Huberman, E., Kufe, D.W. and Stone, R.M. (1994), All-Trans-Retinoic Acid Reverses Phorbol Ester Resistance in A Human Myeloid-Leukemia Cell-Line. Blood, 83 (2), 490-496. Nakajima, K., Hatake, K., Miyata, T., Muroi, K., Komatsu, N. and Miura, Y. (1994), Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia, Tretinoin, and Granulocyte-Colony-Stimulating Factor. Lancet, 343 (8890), 173-174. Grignani, F., Fagioli, M., Alcalay, M., Longo, L., Pandolfi, P.P., Donti, E., Biondi, A., Lococo, F., Grignani, F. and Pelicci, P.G. (1994), Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia - from Genetics to Treatment. Blood, 83 (1), 10-25. Kanatani, Y., Honma, Y., Tsuchimochi, T., Okabekado, J., Nagata, N., Motoyoshi, K. and Hozumi, M. (1993), Induction of Differentiation and Growth Suppression of Myeloid-Leukemia Cells by Sera of Patients with Hematological Disorders. Anticancer Research, 13 (5C), 1905-1911. Gillard, E.F. and Solomon, E. (1993), Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia and the T(15-17) Translocation. Seminars in Cancer Biology, 4 (6), 359-367. De Luca, L.M., Darwiche, N., Celli, G., Kosa, K., Jones, C., Ross, S. and Chen, L.C. (1994), Vitamin-A in Epithelial Differentiation and Skin Carcinogenesis. Nutrition Reviews, 52 (2), 45-52. Xu, H.M., Tepper, C.G., Jones, J.B., Fernandez, C.E. and Studzinski, G.P. (1993), 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D-3 Protects Hl-60 Cells Against Apoptosis But Down-Regulates the Expression of the Bcl-2 Gene. Experimental Cell Research, 209 (2), 367-374. Castaigne, S., Lefebvre, P., Chomienne, C., Suc, E., Rigalhuguet, F., Gardin, C., Delmer, A., Archimbaud, E., Tilly, H., Janvier, M., Isnard, F., Travade, P., Montfort, L., Delannoy, A., Rapp, M.J., Christian, B., Montastruc, M., Weh, H., Fenaux, P., Dombret, H., Gourmel, B. and Degos, L. (1993), Effectiveness and Pharmacokinetics of Low-Dose All-Trans-Retinoic Acid (25 Mg/M2) in Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia. Blood, 82 (12), 3560-3563. Kizaki, M., Ikeda, Y., Tanosaki, R., Nakajima, H., Morikawa, M., Sakashita, A. and Koeffler, H.P. (1993), Effects of Novel Retinoic Acid Compound, 9-Cis-Retinoic Acid, on Proliferation, Differentiation, and Expression of Retinoic Acid Receptor-Alpha and Retinoid-X Receptor-Alpha Rna by Hl-60 Cells. Blood, 82 (12), 3592-3599. Yang, K.D., Cheng, S.N., Wu, N.C. and Shaio, M.F. (1993), Induction of Interleukin-8 Expression in Neuroblastoma-Cells by Retinoic Acid - Implication of Leukocyte Chemotaxis and Activation. Pediatric Research, 34 (6), 720-724. Kobori, M. and Shinohara, K. (1993), Effects of Spinach Extract on the Differentiation of the Human Promyelocytic Cell-Line, Hl-60. Bioscience Biotechnology and Biochemistry, 57 (11), 1951-1952. Beere, H.M. and Hickman, J.A. (1993), Differentiation - A Suitable Strategy for Cancer-Chemotherapy. Anti-Cancer Drug Design , 8 (4), 299-322. Ohno, R., Yoshida, H., Fukutani, H., Naoe, T., Ohshima, T., Kyo, T., Endoh, N., Fujimoto, T., Kobayashi, T., Hiraoka, A., Mizoguchi, H., Kodera, Y., Suzuki, H., Hirano, M., Akiyama, H., Aoki, N., Shindo, H. and Yokomaku, S. (1993), Multiinstitutional Study of All-Trans-Retinoic Acid As A Differentiation Therapy of Refractory Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia. Leukemia, 7 (11), 1722-1727. Hu, Z.B., Ma, W.L., Uphoff, C.C., Lanotte, M. and Drexler, H.G. (1993), Modulation of Gene-Expression in the Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia-Cell Line Nb4. Leukemia, 7 (11), 1817-1823. Lehmann, J.M., Zhang, X.K., Graupner, G., Lee, M.O., Hermann, T., Hoffmann, B. and Pfahl, M. (1993), Formation of Retinoid-X Receptor Homodimers Leads to Repression of T(3) Response - Hormonal Cross-Talk by Ligand-Induced Squelching. Molecular and Cellular Biology, 13 (12), 7698-7707. Mahmoud, H.H., Hurwitz, C.A., Roberts, W.M., Santana, V.M., Ribeiro, R.C. and Krance, R.A. (1993), Tretinoin Toxicity in Children with Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia. Lancet, 342 (8884), 1394-1395. Rigas, J.R., Francis, P.A., Muindi, J.R.F., Kris, M.G., Huselton, C., Degrazia, F., Orazem, J.P., Young, C.W. and Warrell, R.P. (1993), Constitutive Variability in the Pharmacokinetics of the Natural Retinoid, All-Trans-Retinoic Acid, and Its Modulation by Ketoconazole. Journal of the National Cancer Institute, 85 (23), 1921-1926. Fenaux, P., Ledeley, M.C., Castaigne, S., Archimbaud, E., Chomienne, C., Link, H., Guerci, A., Duarte, M., Daniel, M.T., Bowen, D., Huebner, G., Bauters, F., Fegueux, N., Fey, M., Sanz, M., Lowenberg, B., Maloisel, F., Auzanneau, G., Sadoun, A., Gardin, C., Bastion, Y., Ganser, A., Jacky, E., Dombret, H., Chastang, C. and Degos, L. (1993), Effect of All Transretinoic Acid in Newly-Diagnosed Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia - Results of A Multicenter Randomized Trial. Blood, 82 (11), 3241-3249. Eppinger, T.M., Buck, J. and Hammerling, U. (1993), Growth-Control Or Terminal Differentiation - Endogenous Production and Differential Activities of Vitamin A Metabolites in Hl-60 Cells. Journal of Experimental Medicine, 178 (6), 1995-2005. Takatsuki, H., Sadamura, S., Umemura, T., Abe, Y., Goto, T., Yufu, Y., Katsuno, M., Hirata, J., Nishimura, J. and Nawata, H. (1993), Pml Rar-Alpha Fusion Gene Is Expressed in Both Granuloid Macrophage and Erythroid Colonies in Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia. British Journal of Haematology, 85 (3), 477-482. Kuhne, T., Imbach, P., Signer, E. and Osterwalder, B. (1993), All-Trans-Retinoic Acid As An Alternative to Chemotherapy in the Treatment of Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia. Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, 10 (4), 363-367. Hu, Z.B., Ma, W.L., Uphoff, C.C. and Drexler, H.G. (1993), Expression and Modulation of Annexin-Viii in Human Leukemia-Lymphoma Cell-Lines. Leukemia Research, 17 (11), 949-957. Trayner, I.D. and Farzaneh, F. (1993), Retinoid Receptors and Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia. European Journal of Cancer, 29A (14), 2046-2054. Bernard, J. (1993), Cure of Malignant Hemopathies. Presse Medicale, 22 (32), 1495-&. Pfahl, M. (1993), Nuclear Receptor/Ap-1 Interaction. Endocrine Reviews, 14 (5), 651-658. Salbert, G., Fanjul, A., Piedrafita, F.J., Lu, X.P., Kim, S.J., Tran, P. and Pfahl, M. (1993), Retinoic Acid Receptors and Retinoid-X Receptor-Alpha Down-Regulate the Transforming Growth Factor-Beta(1) Promoter by Antagonizing Ap-1 Activity. Molecular Endocrinology, 7 (10), 1347-1356. Linney, E. (1992), Retinoic Acid Receptors - Transcription Factors Modulating Gene-Regulation, Development, and Differentiation. Current Topics in Developmental Biology, 27), 309-350. Vaickus, L., Villalonacalero, M.A. and Caligiuri, T. (1993), Acute Progranulocytic Leukemia (Apl) - Possible In-Vivo Differentiation by Granulocyte-Colony-Stimulating Factor (G-Csf). Leukemia, 7 (10), 1680-1681. Sun, G.L., Ouyang, R.R., Chen, S.J., Gu, Y.Z., Huang, L.A., Lu, J.X. and Wang, Z.Y. (1993), Treatment of Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia with All-Trans-Retinoic Acid - A 5-Year Experience. Chinese Medical Journal, 106 (10), 743-748. Doucas, V., Brockes, J.P., Yaniv, M., Dethe, H. and Dejean, A. (1993), The Pml Retinoic Acid Receptor-Alpha Translocation Converts the Receptor from An Inhibitor to A Retinoic Acid-Dependent Activator of Transcription Factor-Ap-1. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 90 (20), 9345-9349. Asato, A.E., Peng, A., Hossain, M.Z., Mirzadegan, T. and Bertram, J.S. (1993), Azulenic Retinoids - Novel Nonbenzenoid Aromatic Retinoids with Anticancer Activity. Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 36 (21), 3137-3147. Murayama, A., Suzuki, T. and Matsui, M. (1993), Biological Effect of 9-Cis-Retinoic Acid and 9,13-Di-Cis-Retinoic Acid on Human Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia-Cell Line Hl-60. Proceedings of the Japan Academy Series B-Physical and Biological Sciences, 69 (7), 185-190. Breitman, T.R. (1990), Growth and Differentiation of Human Myeloid-Leukemia Cell-Line Hl-60. Methods in Enzymology, 190), 118-130. Dong, S., Tong, J.H., Huang, W., Chen, S.J., Chen, Z., Wang, Z.Y., Geng, J.P. and Qi, Z.W. (1993), Molecular Study on the Chromosome-15 Breakpoints in the Translocation T(15 17) in Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia (Apl). Science in China Series B-Chemistry, 36 (9), 1101-1109. Takahashi, N. and Breitman, T.R. (1990), Retinoic Acid Acylation - Retinoylation. Methods in Enzymology, 189), 233-238. Namikawa, R., Ueda, R. and Kyoizumi, S. (1993), Growth of Human Myeloid Leukemias in the Human Marrow Environment of Scid-Hu Mice. Blood, 82 (8), 2526-2536. Haferlach, T., Loffler, H., Glass, B. and Gassmann, W. (1993), Repeated Complete Remission in A Patient with Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia After Treatment with 13-Cis-Retinoic Acid 1St and with All-Trans-Retinoic Acid in Relapse. Clinical Investigator, 71 (10), 774-779. Warrell, R.P. (1993), Retinoid Resistance in Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia - New Mechanisms, Strategies, and Implications. Blood, 82 (7), 1949-1953. Delva, L., Cornic, M., Balitrand, N., Guidez, F., Miclea, J.M., Delmer, A., Teillet, F., Fenaux, P., Castaigne, S., Degos, L. and Chomienne, C. (1993), Resistance to All-Trans-Retinoic Acid (Atra) Therapy in Relapsing Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia - Study of In-Vitro Atra Sensitivity and Cellular Retinoic Acid-Binding Protein-Levels in Leukemic-Cells. Blood, 82 (7), 2175-2181. Mcburney, M.W., Costa, S. and Pratt, M.A.C. (1993), Retinoids and Cancer - A Basis for Differentiation Therapy. Cancer Investigation, 11 (5), 590-598. Dore, B.T., Uskokovic, M.R. and Momparler, R.L. (1993), Interaction of Retinoic Acid and Vitamin-D(3) Analogs on Hl-60 Myeloid Leukemic-Cells. Leukemia Research, 17 (9), 749-757. Kurie, J.M., Brown, P., Salk, E., Scheinberg, D., Birrer, M., Deutsch, P. and Dmitrovsky, E. (1993), Cooperation Between Retinoic Acid and Phorbol Esters Enhances Human Teratocarcinoma Differentiation. Differentiation, 54 (2), 115-122. Kurie, J.M., Buck, J., Eppinger, T.M., Moy, D. and Dmitrovsky, E. (1993), 9-Cis and All-Trans-Retinoic Acid Induce A Similar Phenotype in Human Teratocarcinoma Cells. Differentiation, 54 (2), 123-129. Miller, W.H., Levine, K., Deblasio, A., Frankel, S.R., Dmitrovsky, E. and Warrell, R.P. (1993), Detection of Minimal Residual Disease in Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia by A Reverse Transcription-Polymerase Chain-Reaction Assay for the Pml Rar-Alpha Fusion Messenger-Rna. Blood, 82 (6), 1689-1694. Daniel, M.T., Koken, M., Romagne, O., Barbey, S., Bazarbachi, A., Stadler, M., Guillemin, M.C., Degos, L., Chomienne, C. and Dethe, H. (1993), Pml Protein Expression in Hematopoietic and Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia-Cells. Blood, 82 (6), 1858-1867. Drach, J., Zhao, S.R., Malavasi, F. and Mehta, K. (1993), Rapid Induction of Cd38 Antigen on Myeloid-Leukemia Cells by All-Trans-Retinoic Acid. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 195 (2), 545-550. Jong, L., Lehmann, J.M., Hobbs, P.D., Harlev, E., Huffman, J.C., Pfahl, M. and Dawson, M.I. (1993), Conformational Effects on Retinoid Receptor Selectivity .1. Effect of 9-Double Bond Geometry on Retinoid-X Receptor Activity. Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 36 (18), 2605-2613. Borden, E.C., Lotan, R., Levens, D. and Young, C.W. (1993), Differentiation Therapy of Cancer - Laboratory and Clinical Investigations. Cancer Research, 53 (17), 4109-4115. Schilthuis, J.G., Gann, A.A.F. and Brockes, J.P. (1993), Chimeric Retinoic Acid Thyroid-Hormone Receptors Implicate Rar-Alpha-1 As Mediating Growth-Inhibition by Retinoic Acid. Embo Journal, 12 (9), 3459-3466. Matsuoka, A., Miyamura, K., Emi, N., Tahara, T., Tanimoto, M., Naoe, T., Ohno, R., Kakizuka, A., Evans, R.M. and Saito, H. (1993), Unexpected Heterogeneity of Pml/Rar-Alpha Fused Messenger-Rna Detected by Nested Polymerase Chain-Reaction in Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia. Leukemia, 7 (8), 1151-1155. Carey, T.E., Worsham, M.J. and Vandyke, D.L. (1993), Chromosomal Biomarkers in the Clonal Evolution of Head and Neck Squamous Neoplasia. Journal of Cellular Biochemistry, ), 213-222. Huang, W., Sun, G.L., Li, X.S., Cao, Q., Lu, Y., Jang, G.S., Zhang, F.Q., Chai, J.R., Wang, Z.Y., Waxman, S., Chen, Z. and Chen, S.J. (1993), Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia - Clinical Relevance of 2 Major Pml-Rar-Alpha Isoforms and Detection of Minimal Residual Disease by Retrotranscriptase Polymerase Chain-Reaction to Predict Relapse. Blood, 82 (4), 1264-1269. Grignani, F., Ferrucci, P.F., Testa, U., Talamo, G., Fagioli, M., Alcalay, M., Mencarelli, A., Grignani, F., Peschle, C., Nicoletti, I. and Pelicci, P.G. (1993), The Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia-Specific Pml-Rar-Alpha Fusion Protein Inhibits Differentiation and Promotes Survival of Myeloid Precursor Cells. Cell, 74 (3), 423-431. Jing, Y.K., Nakaya, K. and Han, R. (1993), Differentiation of Promyelocytic Leukemia-Cells Hl-60 Induced by Daidzein In-Vitro and In-Vivo. Anticancer Research, 13 (4), 1049-1054. Kaplan, D.R., Matsumoto, K., Lucarelli, E. and Thiele, C.J. (1993), Induction of Trkb by Retinoic Acid Mediates Biologic Responsiveness to Bdnf and Differentiation of Human Neuroblastoma-Cells. Neuron, 11 (2), 321-331. Kurzrock, R., Estey, E. and Talpaz, M. (1993), All-Trans-Retinoic Acid - Tolerance and Biologic Effects in Myelodysplastic Syndrome. Journal of Clinical Oncology, 11 (8), 1489-1495. Skrede, B., Olafsdottir, A.E., Blomhoff, R. and Norum, K.R. (1993), Retinol and Retinyl Esters in Rabbit Bone-Marrow and Blood Leukocytes. Scandinavian Journal of Clinical & Laboratory Investigation, 53 (5), 515-519. Chigira, M. (1993), Selfish Cells in Altruistic Cell Society - A Theoretical Oncology. International Journal of Oncology, 3 (3), 441-455. Gillard, E.F. and Solomon, E. (1993), Differentiation Therapy - Retinoic Acid-Induced Remission. Current Biology, 3 (3), 185-187. Busam, K.J., Geiser, A.G., Roberts, A.B. and Sporn, M.B. (1993), Synergistic Increase of Phorbol Ester-Induced C-Fos Messenger-Rna Expression by Retinoic Acid Through Stabilization of the C-Fos Message. Oncogene, 8 (8), 2267-2273. Perez, A., Kastner, P., Sethi, S., Lutz, Y., Reibel, C. and Chambon, P. (1993), Pmlrar Homodimers - Distinct Dna-Binding Properties and Heteromeric Interactions with Rxr. Embo Journal, 12 (8), 3171-3182. Grignani, F., Fagioli, M., Ferrucci, P.F., Alcalay, M. and Pelicci, P.G. (1993), The Molecular-Genetics of Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia. Blood Reviews, 7 (2), 87-93. Lavau, C., Dethe, H. and Dejean, A. (1993), Retinoic Acid Receptor-Alpha in Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 684), 149-156. Delacerda, J.F., Docarmo, J.A., Guerra, M.L., Geraldes, J. and Delacerda, J.M.F. (1993), Multiple Thrombosis in Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia After Tretinoin. Lancet, 342 (8863), 114-115. Warrell, R.P., Dethe, H., Wang, Z.Y. and Degos, L. (1993), Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia. New England Journal of Medicine, 329 (3), 177-189. Hwang, W.L., Gau, J.P., Chen, M.C. and Young, J.H. (1993), Treatment of Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia with All-Trans-Retinoic Acid - Successful Control of Hyperleukocytosis and Leukostasis Syndrome with Leukapheresis and Hydroxyurea. American Journal of Hematology, 43 (4), 323-324. Marinakis, T., Papadimitriou, C.A., Koufos, C. and Fertakis, A. (1993), A Recently Recognized Entity Associated with the Treatment of Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia - the Retinoic Acid Syndrome. Haematologica, 78 (3), 192-194. Buchner, T. (1993), Acute Myeloid-Leukemia. Internist, 34 (6), 511-517. Hirst, W.J.R. and Mufti, G.J. (1993), Management of Myelodysplastic Syndromes. British Journal of Haematology, 84 (2), 191-196. Zittoun, R. (1993), Treatment of Acute Myeloblastic-Leukemia. Nouvelle Revue Francaise D Hematologie, 35 (3), 161-169. Eliason, J.F., Kaufmann, F., Tanaka, T. and Tsukaguchi, T. (1993), Antiproliferative Effects of the Arotinoid Ro-40-8757 on Human Cancer Cell-Lines Invitro. British Journal of Cancer, 67 (6), 1293-1298. Wu, X.Z., Wang, X.W., Qien, X.P., Liu, H.N., Ying, J.S., Yang, Z.C. and Yao, H.Q. (1993), 4 Years Experience with the Treatment of All-Trans-Retinoic Acid in Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia. American Journal of Hematology, 43 (3), 183-189. Sokoloski, J.A., Li, J.M., Nigam, A. and Sartorelli, A.C. (1993), Induction of the Differentiation of Hl-60 and Wehi-3B D+-Leukemia Cells by Lithium-Chloride. Leukemia Research, 17 (5), 403-410. Sakakibara, M., Ichikawa, M., Amano, Y., Matsuzawa, S., Agematsu, K., Mori, T., Koike, K., Nakahata, T. and Komiyama, A. (1993), Hypercalcemia Associated with All-Trans-Retinoic Acid in the Treatment of Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia. Leukemia Research, 17 (5), 441-443. Haferlach, T., Gassmann, W., Loffler, H., Jurgensen, C., Noak, J., Ludwig, W.D., Thiel, E., Haase, D., Fonatsch, C., Becher, R., Schlegelberger, B., Nowrousian, M.R., Lengfelder, E., Eimermacher, H., Weh, H.J., Braumann, D., Maschmeyer, G., Koch, P., Heinecke, A., Sauerland, M.C. and Buchner, T. (1993), Clinical Aspects of Acute Myeloid Leukemias of the Fab Type-M3 and Type-M4Eo. Annals of Hematology, 66 (4), 165-170. Chanarin, N., Smith, G.B., Green, A. and Andrews, M.I.J. (1993), Retinoic Acid Syndrome. Lancet, 341 (8855), 1289-1290. Teelmann, K., Tsukaguchi, T., Klaus, M. and Eliason, J.F. (1993), Comparison of the Therapeutic Effects of A New Arotinoid, Ro-40-8757, and All-Trans-Retinoic and 13-Cis-Retinoic Acids on Rat Breast-Cancer. Cancer Research, 53 (10), 2319-2325. Speicher, M.R., Jauch, A., Parr, A. and Becher, R. (1993), Delineation of Translocation T(15-17) in Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia by Chromosomal Insitu Suppression Hybridization. Leukemia Research, 17 (4), 359-&. Fenaux, P. (1993), The Role of All-Trans-Retinoic Acid in the Treatment of Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia. Acta Haematologica, 89), 22-27. Drach, J., Lopezberestein, G., Mcqueen, T., Andreeff, M. and Mehta, K. (1993), Induction of Differentiation in Myeloid-Leukemia Cell-Lines and Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia-Cells by Liposomal All-Trans-Retinoic Acid. Cancer Research, 53 (9), 2100-2104. Lee, J.S., Newman, R.A., Lippman, S.M., Huber, M.H., Minor, T., Raber, M.N., Krakoff, I.H. and Hong, W.K. (1993), Phase-I Evaluation of All-Trans-Retinoic Acid in Adults with Solid Tumors. Journal of Clinical Oncology, 11 (5), 959-966. Ikeda, K., Sasaki, K., Tasaka, T., Nagai, M., Kawanishi, K., Takahara, J. and Irino, S. (1993), Reverse Transcription-Polymerase Chain-Reaction for Pml-Rar-Alpha Fusion Transcripts in Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia and Its Application to Minimal Residual Leukemia Detection. Leukemia, 7 (4), 544-548. Anderson, K.M., Levin, J., Jajeh, A., Seed, T. and Harris, J.E. (1993), Induction of Apoptosis in Blood-Cells from A Patient with Acute Myelogenous Leukemia by Sc41661A, A Selective Inhibitor of 5-Lipoxygenase. Prostaglandins Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids, 48 (4), 323-326. Sakai, I., Tanaka, T., Osawa, S., Hashimoto, S. and Nakaya, K. (1993), Geranylgeranylacetone Used As An Antiulcer Agent Is A Potent Inducer of Differentiation of Various Human Myeloid-Leukemia Cell-Lines. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 191 (3), 873-879. Hsu, H.C., Yang, K., Kharbanda, S., Clinton, S., Datta, R. and Stone, R.M. (1993), All-Trans Retinoic Acid Induces Monocyte Growth-Factor Receptor (C-Fms) Gene-Expression in Hl-60 Leukemia-Cells. Leukemia , 7 (3), 458-462. Muindi, J.F. and Young, C.W. (1993), Lipid Hydroperoxides Greatly Increase the Rate of Oxidative Catabolism of All-Trans-Retinoic Acid by Human Cell-Culture Microsomes Genetically Enriched in Specified Cytochrome-P-450 Isoforms. Cancer Research, 53 (6), 1226-1229. Vanbockstaele, D.R., Lenjou, M., Snoeck, H.W., Lardon, F., Stryckmans, P. and Peetermans, M.E. (1993), Direct Effects of 13-Cis and All-Trans-Retinoic Acid on Normal Bone-Marrow (Bm) Progenitors - Comparative-Study on Bm Mononuclear-Cells and on Isolated Cd34+ Bm Cells. Annals of Hematology, 66 (2), 61-66. Ohno, R., Naoe, T., Hirano, M., Kobayashi, M., Hirai, H., Tubaki, K. and Oh, H. (1993), Treatment of Myelodysplastic Syndromes with All-Trans-Retinoic Acid. Blood, 81 (5), 1152-1154. Malpas, J.S. (1993), Oncology. Postgraduate Medical Journal, 69 (808), 85-94. Turzova, M., Hunakova, L., Duraj, J., Speiser, P., Sedlak, J. and Chorvath, B. (1993), Modulation of Leukosialin (Sialophorin, Cd43 Antigen) on the Cell-Surface of Human Hematopoietic-Cell Lines Induced by Cytokins, Retinoic Acid and 1,25(Oh)2-Vitamin-D3. Neoplasma, 40 (1), 9-13. Fenaux, P. (1993), Management of Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia. European Journal of Haematology, 50 (2), 65-73. Schwartz, E.L., Chamberlin, H., Ravichander, P. and Whitbread, J.A. (1993), Dimethyl-Sulfoxide Inhibits the Binding of Granulocyte Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor and Insulin to Their Receptors on Human Leukemia-Cells. Cancer Research, 53 (5), 1142-1148. Norum, K.R. (1993), Acute Myeloid-Leukemia and Retinoids. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 47 (2), 77-87. Dulaney, A.M. and Murgatroyd, R.J. (1993), Use of Trans-Retinoic Acid in the Treatment of Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia. Annals of Pharmacotherapy, 27 (2), 211-214. Sakashita, A., Kizaki, M., Pakkala, S., Schiller, G., Tsuruoka, N., Tomosaki, R., Cameron, J.F., Dawson, M.I. and Koeffler, H.P. (1993), 9-Cis-Retinoic Acid - Effects on Normal and Leukemic Hematopoiesis Invitro. Blood, 81 (4), 1009-1016. Baranger, L., Gardembas, M., Hillion, J., Foussard, C., Ifrah, N., Boasson, M. and Berger, R. (1993), Rearrangements of the Rara and Pml Genes in A Cytogenetic Variant of Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia. Genes Chromosomes & Cancer, 6 (2), 118-120. Hirschginsberg, C., Huh, Y.O., Kagan, J., Liang, J.C. and Stass, S.A. (1993), Advances in the Diagnosis of Acute-Leukemia. Hematology-Oncology Clinics of North America, 7 (1), 1-46. Frankel, S.R. (1993), Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia - New Insights Into Diagnosis and Therapy. Hematology-Oncology Clinics of North America, 7 (1), 109-138. Grever, M. and Malspeis, L. (1993), The Discovery and Development of New Antileukemic Drugs. Hematology-Oncology Clinics of North America, 7 (1), 233-254. Dombret, H., Scrobohaci, M.L., Ghorra, P., Zini, J.M., Daniel, M.T., Castaigne, S. and Degos, L. (1993), Coagulation Disorders Associated with Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia - Corrective Effect of All-Trans-Retinoic Acid Treatment. Leukemia, 7 (1), 2-9. Geng, J.P., Tong, J.H., Dong, S., Wang, Z.Y., Chen, S.J., Chen, Z., Zelent, A., Berger, R. and Larsen, C.J. (1993), Localization of the Chromosome-15 Breakpoints and Expression of Multiple Pml-Rar-Alpha Transcripts in Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia - A Study of 28 Chinese Patients. Leukemia, 7 (1), 20-26. Labbaye, C., Zhang, J., Casanova, J.L., Lanotte, M., Teng, J.Y., Miller, W.H. and Cayre, Y.E. (1993), Regulation of Myeloblast in Messenger-Rna Expression in Myeloid-Leukemia Cells Treated with All-Trans-Retinoic Acid. Blood, 81 (2), 475-481. Goss, G.D. and Mcburney, M.W. (1992), Physiological and Clinical Aspects of Vitamin-A and Its Metabolites. Critical Reviews in Clinical Laboratory Sciences, 29 (3-4), 185-215. Cerutti, P., Hirt, B., Nabholz, M., Nigg, E., Hanawalt, P.C., Hoeijmakers, J.H.J., Weeda, G., Troelstra, C., Koken, M.H.M., Vanderspek, P.J., Bootsma, D., Maher, V.M., Chen, R.H., Mcgregor, W.G., Wang, Y.C., Lukash, L., Mah, M.C.M., Boldt, J., Mccormick, J.J., Aguilar, F., Pourzand, C., Hussain, P., Albertini, R.J., Nicklas, J.A., Oneill, J.P., Harris, C.C., Bennett, W.P., Lehmann, T.A., Forrester, K., Felleybosco, E., Gerwin, B.I., Hollstein, M.C., Rauscher, F.J., Curran, T., Xanthoudakis, S., Herrlich, P., Sachsenmaier, C., Gebel, S., Radlerpohl, A., Auer, H.P., Kramer, M., Rahmsdorf, H.J., Aaronson, S.A., Marshall, C.J., Ashworth, A., Howe, L.R., Leevers, S.J., Paterson, H.F., Thorneycroft, S.G., Gomez, N., Nakielny, S., Traverse, S., Cohen, P., Ayer, D., Blackwood, E.M., Kretzner, L., Tietje, K., Eisenman, R.N., Dayan, S., Gallant, P., Krek, W., Maridor, G., Peter, M., Moses, H.L., Dagnino, L., Frexessteed, M., Johnson, M.D., Nigro, J.M., Pierce, D.F., Solomon, E., Borrow, J., Freemont, P., Gillard, E., Goddard, A., Howe, K., Bernstein, A., Zhang, L.Q., Lee, J. and Berns, A. (1993), Genetic-Damage and Escape from Proliferation Control - Conference Held at Epalinges Lausanne, Switzerland, January 14-15, 1993. International Journal of Cancer, 53 (1), 161-177. Eldred, G.E. (1993), Biochemical Aging in the Retina and Rpe. Progress in Retinal Research, 12), 101-131. Dombret, H., Sutton, L., Duarte, M., Daniel, M.T., Leblond, V., Castaigne, S. and Degos, L. (1992), Combined Therapy with All-Trans-Retinoic Acid and High-Dose Chemotherapy in Patients with Hyperleukocytic Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia and Severe Visceral Hemorrhage. Leukemia, 6 (12), 1237-1242. Duprez, E., Ruchaud, S., Houge, G., Martinthouvenin, V., Valensi, F., Kastner, P., Berger, R. and Lanotte, M. (1992), A Retinoid Acid Resistant T(15-17) Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia-Cell Line - Isolation, Morphological, Immunological, and Molecular-Features. Leukemia, 6 (12), 1281-1287. Nichols, J. and Nimer, S.D. (1992), Transcription Factors, Translocations, and Leukemia. Blood, 80 (12), 2953-2963. Parkinson, D.R., Smith, M.A., Cheson, B.D., Stevenson, H.C. and Friedman, M.A. (1992), Trans-Retinoic Acid and Related Differentiation Agents. Seminars in Oncology, 19 (6), 734-741. Digiovanna, J.J. (1992), Retinoids for the Future - Oncology. Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology, 27 (6), S34-S37. Lehmann, J.M., Jong, L., Fanjul, A., Cameron, J.F., Lu, X.P., Haefner, P., Dawson, M.I. and Pfahl, M. (1992), Retinoids Selective for Retinoid-X Receptor Response Pathways. Science, 258 (5090), 1944-1946. Borrow, J. and Solomon, E. (1992), Molecular Analysis of the T(15 17) Translocation in Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia. Baillieres Clinical Haematology, 5 (4), 833-856. Lea, M.A. (1992), Action of Exogenous Differentiating Agents on Gene-Expression in Cancer-Cells. Critical Reviews in Oncology/Hematology, 13 (3), 189-214. Lococo, F., Diverio, D., Pandolfi, P.P., Biondi, A., Rossi, V., Avvisati, G., Rambaldi, A., Arcese, W., Petti, M.C., Meloni, G., Mandelli, F., Grignani, F., Masera, G., Barbui, T. and Pelicci, P.G. (1992), Molecular Evaluation of Residual Disease As A Predictor of Relapse in Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia. Lancet, 340 (8833), 1437-1438. Tsai, S., Bartelmez, S., Heyman, R., Damm, K., Evans, R. and Collins, S.J. (1992), A Mutated Retinoic Acid Receptor-Alpha Exhibiting Dominant-Negative Activity Alters the Lineage Development of A Multipotent Hematopoietic-Cell Line. Genes & Development, 6 (12A), 2258-2269. Degos, L. (1992), Approaches for An Explanation of the Differentiating Effect of All Trans-Retinoic Acid in Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia. Leukemia, 6), 44-46. Simonsson, B., Nilsson, B.I. and Rowe, J.M. (1992), Treatment of Minimal Residual Disease in Acute-Leukemia - Focus on Immunotherapeutic Options. Leukemia, 6), 124-134. Lopez, P. and Hayne, O. (1992), Case-Report - All-Trans-Retinoic Acid, Hyperleukocytosis, and Marrow Infarction. American Journal of Hematology, 41 (4), 305-306. Feldman, E., Arlin, Z., Ahmed, T., Mittelman, A., Puccio, C., Chun, H., Cook, P. and Baskind, P. (1992), Homoharringtonine in Combination with Cytarabine for Patients with Acute Myelogenous Leukemia. Leukemia, 6 (11), 1189-1191. Curtis, J.E., Messner, H.A., Minden, M.D., Lipton, J.H., Lockwood, G.A., Tritchler, D.L. and Mcculloch, E.A. (1992), High-Dose Cytosine-Arabinoside Remission Induction for Acute Myelogenous Leukemia - Comparison of 2 Regimens of Remission Maintenance. Leukemia, 6 (11), 1192-1198. Takahashi, N. and Breitman, T.R. (1992), Covalent Modification of Proteins by Ligands of Steroid-Hormone Receptors. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 89 (22), 10807-10811. Lie, S.O. and Gustafsson, G. (1992), Progress in the Treatment of Childhood Leukemias. Annals of Medicine, 24 (5), 319-323. Warrell, R.P. (1992), All-Trans-Retinoic Acid - What Is It Good for. Journal of Clinical Oncology, 10 (11), 1659-1661. Smith, M.A., Adamson, P.C., Balis, F.M., Feusner, J., Aronson, L., Murphy, R.F., Horowitz, M.E., Reaman, G., Hammond, G.D., Fenton, R.M., Connaghan, G.D., Hittelman, W.N. and Poplack, D.G. (1992), Phase-I and Pharmacokinetic Evaluation of All-Trans-Retinoic Acid in Pediatric-Patients with Cancer. Journal of Clinical Oncology, 10 (11), 1666-1673. Fenaux, P., Castaigne, S., Dombret, H., Archimbaud, E., Duarte, M., Morel, P., Lamy, T., Tilly, H., Guerci, A., Maloisel, F., Bordessoule, D., Sadoun, A., Tiberghien, P., Fegueux, N., Daniel, M.T., Chomienne, C. and Degos, L. (1992), All-Trans-Retinoic Acid Followed by Intensive Chemotherapy Gives A High Complete Remission Rate and May Prolong Remissions in Newly Diagnosed Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia - A Pilot-Study on 26 Cases. Blood, 80 (9), 2176-2181. Kahn, M.J., Luginbuhl, W., Gaines, L., Bratschi, J., Bavaria, J., Kaiser, L. and Treat, J. (1992), Leukocytosis Associated with All-Trans-Retinoic Acid Therapy in Metastatic Non-Small-Cell Lung-Cancer. Journal of the National Cancer Institute, 84 (21), 1669-1671. Vanderweyden, M.B., Curtis, D.J. and Szer, J. (1992), Vitamin Therapy for Acute-Leukemia. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Medicine, 22 (5), 446-448. White, K.L., Wiley, J.S., Frost, T., Mckendrick, J.J., Hermann, R.P., Seldon, M., Enno, A., Bell, R., Bunce, I., Taylor, K., Morgan, M., Edwards, L. and Firkin, F.C. (1992), All-Trans-Retinoic Acid in the Treatment of Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Medicine, 22 (5), 449-454. Tallman, M.S. and Wiernik, P.H. (1992), Retinoids in Cancer-Treatment. Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, 32 (10), 868-888. Bradford, P.G., Wang, X.H., Jin, Y.Y. and Hui, P. (1992), Transcriptional Regulation and Increased Functional Expression of the Inositol Trisphosphate Receptor in Retinoic Acid-Treated Hl-60 Cells. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 267 (29), 20959-20964. Robertson, K.A., Emami, B. and Collins, S.J. (1992), Retinoic Acid-Resistant Hl-60R Cells Harbor A Point Mutation in the Retinoic Acid Receptor Ligand-Binding Domain That Confers Dominant Negative Activity. Blood, 80 (8), 1885-1889. Leung, M.F. and Sartorelli, A.C. (1992), The Effects of Microtubule Disrupting Drugs on the Differentiation of Hl-60 Leukemia-Cells. Leukemia Research, 16 (9), 929-935. Kawasaki, E.S. (1992), The Polymerase Chain-Reaction - Its Use in the Molecular Characterization and Diagnosis of Cancers. Cancer Investigation, 10 (5), 417-429. Hofmann, S.L. (1992), Southwestern Internal-Medicine Conference - Retinoids - Differentiation Agents for Cancer-Treatment and Prevention. American Journal of the Medical Sciences, 304 (3), 202-213. Brown, D.M., Kimura, A.E., Ossoinig, K.C. and Weiner, G.J. (1992), Acute Promyelocytic Infiltration of the Optic-Nerve Treated by Oral Transretinoic Acid. Ophthalmology, 99 (9), 1463-1467. Waxman, S., Huang, Y., Scher, B.M. and Scher, M. (1992), Enhancement of Differentiation and Cytotoxicity of Leukemia-Cells by Combinations of Fluorinated Pyrimidines and Differentiation Inducers - Development of Dna Double-Strand Breaks. Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, 46 (5-7), 183-192. Degos, L. (1992), All-Trans Retinoic Acid (Atra) Therapeutic Effect in Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia. Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, 46 (5-7), 201-209. Zhang, L.S., Nakaya, K., Yoshida, T. and Kuroiwa, Y. (1992), Induction by Bufalin of Differentiation of Human Leukemia-Cells Hl-60, U937, and Ml1 Toward Macrophage Monocyte-Like Cells and Its Potent Synergistic Effect on the Differentiation of Human Leukemia-Cells in Combination with Other Inducers. Cancer Research, 52 (17), 4634-4641. Sporn, M.B. and Roberts, A.B. (1992), Autocrine Secretion - 10 Years Later. Annals of Internal Medicine, 117 (5), 408-414. Robertson, K.A., Emami, B., Mueller, L. and Collins, S.J. (1992), Multiple Members of the Retinoic Acid Receptor Family Are Capable of Mediating the Granulocytic Differentiation of Hl-60 Cells. Molecular and Cellular Biology, 12 (9), 3743-3749. Itoh, Y., Ohyashiki, K., Ohtaka, M., Furuya, T., Toyama, K., Kuratsuji, T. and Ohno, R. (1992), All-Trans-Retinoic Acid-Induced Enrichment of Functionally Normal Neutrophils Invivo in A Patient with Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia. Leukemia, 6 (8), 806-808. Ohashi, H., Ichikawa, A., Takagi, N., Hotta, T., Naoe, T., Ohno, R. and Saito, H. (1992), Remission Induction of Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia by All-Trans-Retinoic Acid - Molecular Evidence of Restoration of Normal Hematopoiesis After Differentiation and Subsequent Extinction of Leukemic Clone. Leukemia, 6 (8), 859-862. Frankel, S.R., Eardley, A., Lauwers, G., Weiss, M. and Warrell, R.P. (1992), The Retinoic Acid Syndrome in Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia. Annals of Internal Medicine, 117 (4), 292-296. Parkinson, D.R. and Smith, M.A. (1992), Retinoid Therapy for Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia - A Coming of Age for the Differentiation Therapy of Malignancy. Annals of Internal Medicine, 117 (4), 338-340. Cornic, M., Guidez, F., Delva, L., Agadir, A., Degos, L. and Chomienne, C. (1992), Action of Retinoids in A New Therapeutic Approach to Promyelocytic Myeloid-Leukemia. Bulletin du Cancer, 79 (7), 697-704. Hill, D.L. and Grubbs, C.J. (1992), Retinoids and Cancer Prevention. Annual Review of Nutrition, 12), 161-181. Makishima, M., Honma, Y., Hozumi, M., Sampi, K., Hattori, M., Ishikawa, I., Ogura, H. and Motoyoshi, K. (1992), Effects of Novel Uracil Analogs on Proliferation and Differentiation of Human Myeloid-Leukemia Cells. Experimental Hematology, 20 (7), 879-885. Koike, T., Tatewaki, W., Aoki, A., Yoshimoto, H., Yagisawa, K., Hashimoto, S., Furukawa, T., Saitoh, H., Takahashi, M., Yang, L.B., Wang, Y. and Shibata, A. (1992), Severe Symptoms of Hyperhistaminemia After the Treatment of Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia with Tretinoin (All-Trans-Retinoic Acid). New England Journal of Medicine, 327 (6), 385-387. Cheson, B.D. (1992), The Maturation of Differentiation Therapy. New England Journal of Medicine, 327 (6), 422-424. Bollag, W. and Holdener, E.E. (1992), Retinoids in Cancer Prevention and Therapy. Annals of Oncology, 3 (7), 513-526. Dethe, H. and Dejean, A. (1992), Retinoic Acid Receptor-Alpha in Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia. Cancer Surveys, 14), 195-203. Li, J.M. and Sartorelli, A.C. (1992), Synergistic Induction of the Differentiation of Wehi-3B D+ Myelomonocytic Leukemia-Cells by Retinoic Acid and Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor. Leukemia Research , 16 (6-7), 571-576. Avvisati, G., Tencate, J.W. and Mandelli, F. (1992), Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia. British Journal of Haematology, 81 (3), 315-320. Vosburgh, E. (1992), Pulmonary Leukostasis Secondary to All-Trans-Retinoic Acid in the Treatment of Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia in 1St Relapse. Leukemia, 6 (6), 608-610. Hui, E.K.W. and Yung, B.Y.M. (1992), Protein-Kinase-C Activity During Sphinganine Potentiation of Retinoic Acid-Induced Differentiation in A Human Leukemia-Cell Line (Hl-60). Life Sciences, 51 (6), 415-422. Hassan, H.T., Tsiriyotis, C., Maurer, H.R. and Spandidos, D.A. (1992), Recombinant Human Interleukin-3 Opposes the Effects of Vitamin-A and Vitamin-D on Hl-60 Human Myeloid-Leukemia Cells. Anticancer Research, 12 (3), 821-825. Nervi, C., Poindexter, E.C., Grignani, F., Pandolfi, P.P., Lococo, F., Avvisati, G., Pelicci, P.G. and Jetten, A.M. (1992), Characterization of the Pml-Rar-Alpha Chimeric Product of the Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia-Specific T(15,17) Translocation. Cancer Research, 52 (13), 3687-3692. Green, A.R. (1992), Transcription Factors, Translocations and Hematological Malignancies. Blood Reviews, 6 (2), 118-124. Castaigne, S., Balitrand, N., Dethe, H., Dejean, A., Degos, L. and Chomienne, C. (1992), A Pml Retinoic Acid Receptor-Alpha Fusion Transcript Is Constantly Detected by Rna-Based Polymerase Chain-Reaction in Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia. Blood, 79 (12), 3110-3115. Diverio, D., Lococo, F., Dadamo, F., Biondi, A., Fagioli, M., Grignani, F., Rambaldi, A., Rossi, V., Avvisati, G., Petti, M.C., Testi, A.M., Liso, V., Specchia, G., Fioritoni, G., Recchia, A., Frassoni, F., Ciolli, S. and Pelicci, P.G. (1992), Identification of Dna Rearrangements at the Retinoic Acid Receptor-Alpha (Rar-Alpha) Locus in All Patients with Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia (Apl) and Mapping of Apl Breakpoints Within the Rar-Alpha 2Nd Intron. Blood, 79 (12), 3331-3336. Cornic, M., Delva, L., Guidez, F., Balitrand, N., Degos, L. and Chomienne, C. (1992), Induction of Retinoic Acid-Binding Protein in Normal and Malignant Human Myeloid Cells by Retinoic Acid in Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia Patients. Cancer Research, 52 (12), 3329-3334. Pinkel, D. (1992), Therapy of Acute Lymphoid Leukemia in Children. Leukemia, 6), 127-131. Krance, R.A., Raimondi, S.C., Dubowy, R., Estrada, J., Borowitz, M., Behm, F., Land, V.J., Pullen, J. and Carroll, A.J. (1992), T(12 17)(P13 Q21) in Early Pre-B Acute Lymphoid Leukemia. Leukemia, 6 (4), 251-255. Arlin, Z.A. and Ahmed, T. (1992), Cure in Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia - Now More Readily Achievable with Less Toxic Therapy. Blood, 79 (9), 2492-2494. Noel, P. and Solberg, L.A. (1992), Myelodysplastic Syndromes - Pathogenesis, Diagnosis and Treatment. Critical Reviews in Oncology/Hematology, 12 (3), 193-215. Elliott, S., Taylor, K., White, S., Rodwell, R., Marlton, P., Meagher, D., Wiley, J., Taylor, D., Wright, S. and Timms, P. (1992), Proof of Differentiative Mode of Action of All-Trans Retinoic Acid in Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia Using X-Linked Clonal Analysis. Blood, 79 (8), 1916-1919. Mccarthy, D.J., Dollar, G.R. and Hill, D.L. (1991), Toxicity and Antitumor-Activity of Liposome-Entrapped Retinoid Ro13-7410. Selective Cancer Therapeutics, 7 (4), 151-157. Toh, C.H. and Winfield, D.A. (1992), All-Trans Retinoic Acid and Side-Effects. Lancet, 339 (8803), 1239-1240. Kastner, P., Perez, A., Lutz, Y., Rochetteegly, C., Gaub, M.P. and Chambon, P. (1991), Fusion Proteins Between Pml and Rar-Alpha in Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia. Comptes Rendus des Seances de la Societe de Biologie et de Ses Filiales, 185 (6), 391-401. Dejean, A., Dethe, H. and Tiollais, P. (1991), Receptors of Retinoic Acid and Oncogenese. Comptes Rendus des Seances de la Societe de Biologie et de Ses Filiales, 185 (6), 402-414. Chomienne, C., Cornic, M., Castaigne, S., Lefebvre, P., Dethe, H., Dejean, A. and Degos, L. (1991), Biological Parameters of Retinoic Acid Efficacy. Comptes Rendus des Seances de la Societe de Biologie et de Ses Filiales, 185 (6), 456-463. Hui, E.K.W., Yang, Y.H. and Yung, Y.M. (1992), Schedule-Dependent Sphinganine Potentiation of Retinoic Acid-Induced Differentiation, Cell-Growth Inhibition, and Nucleophosmin Translocation in A Human Leukemia-Cell Line (Hl-60). Experimental Hematology, 20 (4), 454-461. Sato, S., Sakashita, A., Ishiyama, T., Nakamaki, T., Hino, K.I., Tomoyasu, S., Tsuruoka, N., Honma, Y. and Hozumi, M. (1992), Possible Differentiation Treatment with Aclacinomycin-A in Acute Myelomonocytic Leukemia Refractory to Conventional Chemotherapy. Anticancer Research, 12 (2), 371-376. Smith, M.A., Parkinson, D.R., Cheson, B.D. and Friedman, M.A. (1992), Retinoids in Cancer-Therapy. Journal of Clinical Oncology, 10 (5), 839-864. Gale, R.P. and Butturini, A. (1992), Leukemia - Stem-Cells, Preleukemia and Cure. Leukemia, 6), 80-85. Lococo, F., Diverio, D., Dadamo, F., Avvisati, G., Alimena, G., Nanni, M., Alcalay, M., Pandolfi, P.P. and Pelicci, P.G. (1992), Pml Rar-Alpha Rearrangement in Acute Promyelocytic Leukemias Apparently Lacking the T(15,17) Translocation. European Journal of Haematology, 48 (3), 173-176. Ferrero, D., Carlesso, N., Pregno, P., Gallo, E. and Pileri, A. (1992), Self-Renewal Inhibition of Acute Myeloid-Leukemia Clonogenic Cells by Biological Inducers of Differentiation. Leukemia, 6 (2), 100-106. Berman, E. (1992), New Drugs in Acute Myelogenous Leukemia - A Review. Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, 32 (4), 296-309. Muindi, J.R.F., Frankel, S.R., Huselton, C., Degrazia, F., Garland, W.A., Young, C.W. and Warrell, R.P. (1992), Clinical-Pharmacology of Oral All-Trans Retinoic Acid in Patients with Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia. Cancer Research, 52 (8), 2138-2142. Koller, E., Krieger, O., Reisner, R., Grill, R., Waldner, R. and Lutz, D. (1992), All Trans Retinoic Acid in Primary and Relapsed Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia. Onkologie, 15 (1), 42-45. Kurie, J.M., Bosl, G.J. and Dmitrovsky, E. (1992), The Genetic and Biologic Aspects of Treatment Response and Resistance in Male Germ-Cell Cancer. Seminars in Oncology, 19 (2), 197-205. Pandolfi, P.P., Alcalay, M., Fagioli, M., Zangrilli, D., Mencarelli, A., Diverio, D., Biondi, A., Lococo, F., Rambaldi, A., Grignani, F., Rochetteegly, C., Gaube, M.P., Chambon, P. and Pelicci, P.G. (1992), Genomic Variability and Alternative Splicing Generate Multiple Pml/Rar-Alpha Transcripts That Encode Aberrant Pml Proteins and Pml/Rar-Alpha Isoforms in Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia. Embo Journal, 11 (4), 1397-1407. Miller, W.H., Kakizuka, A., Frankel, S.R., Warrell, R.P., Deblasio, A., Levine, K., Evans, R.M. and Dmitrovsky, E. (1992), Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain-Reaction for the Rearranged Retinoic Acid Receptor-Alpha Clarifies Diagnosis and Detects Minimal Residual Disease in Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 89 (7), 2694-2698. Degos, L. (1991), Phenotypic Reversion in Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia. Nouvelle Revue Francaise D Hematologie, 33 (6), 511-515. Skrede, B., Blomhoff, R., Maelandsmo, G.M., Ose, L., Myklebost, O. and Norum, K.R. (1992), Uptake of Chylomicron Remnant Retinyl Esters in Human-Leukocytes Invivo. European Journal of Clinical Investigation, 22 (4), 229-234. Preisler, H.D. and Raza, A. (1992), The Role of Emerging Technologies in the Diagnosis and Staging of Neoplastic Diseases. Cancer, 69 (6), 1520-1526. Degos, L. (1992), All-Trans-Retinoic Acid Treatment and Retinoic Acid Receptor Alpha Gene Rearrangement in Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia - A Model for Differentiation Therapy. International Journal of Cell Cloning, 10 (2), 63-69. Arlin, Z.A., Ahmed, T., Mittelman, A., Cook, P., Puccio, C.A., Helson, L. and Chun, H.G. (1992), Higher Cure Rates in Acute-Leukemia - Now More Probable with Increasingly Effective Induction Therapy. International Journal of Clinical & Laboratory Research, 21 (4), 273-277. Schneider, W., Runde, V. and Aul, C. (1991), From Fatal Bleeding Tendency to Life-Threatening Risk of Thrombosis. Deutsche Medizinische Wochenschrift, 116 (51-52), 1971-1975. Tong, J.H., Dong, S., Geng, J.P., Huang, W., Wang, Z.Y., Sun, G.L., Chen, S.J., Chen, Z., Larsen, C.J. and Berger, R. (1992), Molecular-Rearrangements of the Myl Gene in Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia (Apl, M3) Define A Breakpoint Cluster Region As Well As Some Molecular Variants. Oncogene, 7 (2), 311-316. Mastrianni, D.M., Tung, N.M. and Tenen, D.G. (1992), Acute Myelogenous Leukemia - Current Treatment and Future-Directions. American Journal of Medicine, 92 (3), 286-295. Dmitrovsky, E. and Bosl, G.J. (1992), Active Cancer-Therapy Combining 13-Cis-Retinoic Acid with Interferon-Alpha. Journal of the National Cancer Institute, 84 (4), 218-219. Thiele, C.J. (1991), Biology of Pediatric Peripheral Neuroectodermal Tumors. Cancer and Metastasis Reviews, 10 (4), 311-319. Pinkel, D. (1992), Lessons from 20 Years of Curative Therapy of Childhood Acute-Leukemia. British Journal of Cancer, 65 (2), 148-153. Kastner, P., Perez, A., Lutz, Y., Rochetteegly, C., Gaub, M.P., Durand, B., Lanotte, M., Berger, R. and Chambon, P. (1992), Structure, Localization and Transcriptional Properties of 2 Classes of Retinoic Acid Receptor-Alpha Fusion Proteins in Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia (Apl) - Structural Similarities with A New Family of Oncoproteins. Embo Journal, 11 (2), 629-642. Kizaki, M. and Koeffler, H.P. (1992), Differentiation-Inducing Agents in the Treatment of Myelodysplastic Syndromes. Seminars in Oncology, 19 (1), 95-139. Raza, A., Yousuf, N., Abbas, A., Umerani, A., Mehdi, A., Bokhari, S.A.J., Sheikh, Y., Qadir, K., Freeman, J., Masterson, M., Miller, M.A., Lampkin, B., Browman, G., Bennett, J., Goldberg, J., Grunwald, H., Larson, R., Vogler, R. and Preisler, H. (1992), High Expression of Transforming Growth-Factor-Beta Long Cell-Cycle Times and A Unique Clustering of S-Phase Cells in Patients with Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia. Blood, 79 (4), 1037-1048. Lefebvre, P., Thomas, G., Gourmel, B., Agadir, A., Castaigne, S., Dreux, C., Degos, L. and Chomienne, C. (1991), Pharmacokinetics of Oral All-Trans Retinoic Acid in Patients with Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia. Leukemia, 5 (12), 1054-1058. Moskowitz, C., Dutcher, J.P. and Wiernik, P.H. (1992), Association of Thyroid-Disease with Acute-Leukemia. American Journal of Hematology, 39 (2), 102-107. Tallman, M.S. and Kwaan, H.C. (1992), Reassessing the Hemostatic Disorder Associated with Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia. Blood, 79 (3), 543-553. Chang, K.S., Lu, J.F., Wang, G., Trujillo, J.M., Estey, E., Cork, A., Chu, D.T., Freireich, E.J. and Stass, S.A. (1992), The T(15-17) Breakpoint in Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia Cluster Within 2 Different Sites of the Myl Gene - Targets for the Detection of Minimal Residual Disease by the Polymerase Chain-Reaction. Blood, 79 (3), 554-558. Chang, K.S., Stass, S.A., Chu, D.T., Deaven, L.L., Trujillo, J.M. and Freireich, E.J. (1992), Characterization of A Fusion Cdna (Rara/Myl) Transcribed from the T(15-17) Translocation Breakpoint in Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia. Molecular and Cellular Biology, 12 (2), 800-810. Muindi, J., Frankel, S.R., Miller, W.H., Jakubowski, A., Scheinberg, D.A., Young, C.W., Dmitrovsky, E. and Warrell, R.P. (1992), Continuous Treatment with All-Trans Retinoic Acid Causes A Progressive Reduction in Plasma Drug Concentrations - Implications for Relapse and Retinoid Resistance in Patients with Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia. Blood, 79 (2), 299-303. Yangyen, H.F., Zhang, X.K., Graupner, G., Tzukerman, M., Sakamoto, B., Karin, M. and Pfahl, M. (1991), Antagonism Between Retinoic Acid Receptors and Ap-1 - Implications for Tumor Promotion and Inflammation. New Biologist, 3 (12), 1206-1219. Chomienne, C., Balitrand, N., Ballerini, P., Castaigne, S., Dethe, H. and Degos, L. (1991), All-Trans Retinoic Acid Modulates the Retinoic Acid Receptor-Alpha in Promyelocytic Cells. Journal of Clinical Investigation, 88 (6), 2150-2154. Skrede, B., Blomhoff, H.K., Smeland, E.B., Wathne, K.O., Norum, K.R. and Blomhoff, R. (1991), Retinyl Esters in Chylomicron Remnants Inhibit Growth of Myeloid and Lymphoid Leukemic-Cells. European Journal of Clinical Investigation, 21 (6), 574-579. Decremoux, P., Zimber, A., Calvo, F., Lanotte, M., Mercken, L. and Abita, J.P. (1991), Gs-Alpha Availability to Cholera Toxin-Catalyzed Adp-Ribosylation Is Decreased in Membranes of Retinoic Acid-Treated Leukemic-Cell Lines Hl-60 and Thp-1. Biochemical Pharmacology, 42 (11), 2141-2146. Goddard, A.D., Borrow, J., Freemont, P.S. and Solomon, E. (1991), Characterization of A Zinc Finger Gene Disrupted by the T(15,17) in Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia. Science, 254 (5036), 1371-1374. Glass, C.K., Direnzo, J., Kurokawa, R. and Han, Z. (1991), Regulation of Gene-Expression by Retinoic Acid Receptors. Dna and Cell Biology, 10 (9), 623-638. Kaneko, Y. (1991), Chromosome-Abnormalities, Clinical-Features and Molecular Mechanism in Leukemia. Acta Pathologica Japonica, 41 (10), 713-721. Chen, S.J., Zhu, Y.J., Tong, J.H., Dong, S., Huang, W., Chen, Y., Xiang, W.M., Zhang, L., Li, X.S., Qian, G.Q., Wang, Z.Y., Chen, Z., Larsen, C.J. and Berger, R. (1991), Rearrangements in the 2Nd Intron of the Rara Gene Are Present in A Large Majority of Patients with Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia and Are Used As Molecular Marker for Retinoic Acid-Induced Leukemic-Cell Differentiation. Blood, 78 (10), 2696-2701. Takahashi, N., Liapi, C., Anderson, W.B. and Breitman, T.R. (1991), Retinoylation of the Camp-Binding Regulatory Subunits of Type-I and Type-Ii Camp-Dependent Protein-Kinases in Hl-60-Cells. Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics, 290 (2), 293-302. Berger, R., Leconiat, M., Derre, J., Vecchione, D. and Jonveaux, P. (1991), Cytogenetic Studies in Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia - A Survey of Secondary Chromosomal-Abnormalities. Genes Chromosomes & Cancer, 3 (5), 332-337. Bashford, J., Szer, J., Wiley, J.S., Buckley, M., Garson, O.M. and Vanderweyden, M.B. (1991), Treatment of Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia Relapsing After Allogeneic Bone-Marrow Transplantation with All-Trans-Retinoic Acid - Suppression of the Leukemic Clone. British Journal of Haematology, 79 (2), 331-334. Mccarthy, D., Samson, D., Mir, N., Rule, S., Nadir, F., Taylor, J. and Costello, C. (1991), Response to Trans-Retinoic Acid in An Amlm3 Patient Resistant to Cis-Retinoic Acid. Leukemia Research, 15 (8), 765. Chen, Z.X., Xue, Y.Q., Zhang, R., Tao, R.F., Xia, X.M., Li, C., Wang, W., Zu, W.Y., Yao, X.Z. and Ling, B.J. (1991), A Clinical and Experimental-Study on All-Trans Retinoic Acid-Treated Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia Patients. Blood, 78 (6), 1413-1419. Lehmann, J.M., Dawson, M.I., Hobbs, P.D., Husmann, M. and Pfahl, M. (1991), Identification of Retinoids with Nuclear Receptor Subtype-Selective Activities. Cancer Research, 51 (18), 4804-4809. [Anon]. (1991), All-Trans and 13-Cis-Retinoic Acids Are Normal Constituents of Human Blood Formed from All-Trans-Retinyl Palmitate. Nutrition Reviews, 49 (9), 283-284. Ruscetti, F.W., Dubois, C., Falk, L.A., Jacobsen, S.E., Sing, G., Longo, D.L., Wiltrout, R.H. and Keller, J.R. (1991), Invivo and Invitro Effects of Tgf-Beta-1 on Normal and Neoplastic Hematopoiesis. Ciba Foundation Symposia, 157), 212-231. Makishima, M., Honma, Y., Hozumi, M., Sampi, K., Hattori, M., Ishikawa, I., Ogura, H., Kawahara, N., Kanaiwa, T. and Motoyoshi, K. (1991), Induction of Differentiation of Human Myeloid-Leukemia Hl-60 Cells by Novel Pyrimidine Nucleoside Analogs. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta, 1094 (1), 1-7. Cleary, M.L. (1991), Oncogenic Conversion of Transcription Factors by Chromosomal Translocations. Cell, 66 (4), 619-622. Kakizuka, A., Miller, W.H., Umesono, K., Warrell, R.P., Frankel, S.R., Murty, V.V.V.S., Dmitrovsky, E. and Evans, R.M. (1991), Chromosomal Translocation T(15-17) in Human Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia Fuses Rar-Alpha with A Novel Putative Transcription Factor, Pml. Cell, 66 (4), 663-674. Dethe, H., Lavau, C., Marchio, A., Chomienne, C., Degos, L. and Dejean, A. (1991), The Pml-Rar-Alpha Fusion Messenger-Rna Generated by the T(15-17) Translocation in Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia Encodes A Functionally Altered Rar. Cell, 66 (4), 675-684. Gale, R.P., Simone, J.V., Hoelzer, D. and Frei, E. (1991), Curing Leukemia. Leukemia, 5 (7), 632-635. Porfiri, E., Hoffbrand, A.V. and Wickremasinghe, R.G. (1991), Retinoic Acid-Induced Granulocytic Differentiation of Hl-60 Human Promyelocytic Leukemia-Cells Is Preceded by Down-Regulation of Autonomous Generation of Inositol Lipid-Derived 2Nd Messengers. Blood, 78 (4), 1069-1077. Lococo, F., Avvisati, G., Diverio, D., Biondi, A., Pandolfi, P.P., Alcalay, M., Derossi, G., Petti, M.C., Canturajnoldi, A., Pasqualetti, D., Nanni, M., Fenu, S., Frontani, M. and Mandelli, F. (1991), Rearrangements of the Rar-Alpha Gene in Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia - Correlations with Morphology and Immunophenotype. British Journal of Haematology, 78 (4), 494-499. Baer, M.R. and Bloomfield, C.D. (1991), Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia - An Update. Annals of Oncology, 2 (6), 392-393. Ross, D.W. (1991), Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia - Molecular Breakthrough. Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, 115 (8), 845. Clarkson, B. (1991), New Pharmacological Approaches to Treatment of Leukemia. Seminars in Hematology, 28 (3), 99-115. Zhang, L., Nakaya, K., Yoshida, T. and Kuroiwa, Y. (1991), Bufalin As A Potent Inducer of Differentiation of Human Myeloid-Leukemia Cells. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 178 (2), 686-693. Wiernik, P.H., Dutcher, J.P., Paietta, E., Hittelman, W.N., Vyas, R., Strack, M., Castaigne, S., Degos, L. and Gallagher, R.E. (1991), Treatment of Promyelocytic Blast Crisis of Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia with All Trans-Retinoic Acid. Leukemia, 5 (6), 504-509. Garland, W.A., Huselton, C.A., Kolinsky, F. and Liberato, D.J. (1991), A Road Less Traveled - Normal Phase Microbore Liquid-Chromatography - Mass-Spectrometry Using Direct Liquid Introduction. Trac-Trends in Analytical Chemistry, 10 (6), 177-184. Kim, Y.R., Abraham, N.G. and Lutton, J.D. (1991), Mechanisms of Differentiation of U937-Leukemic Cells Induced by Gm-Csf and 1,25(Oh)2 Vitamin-D3. Leukemia Research, 15 (6), 409-&. Tsutani, H., Ueda, T., Uchida, M. and Nakamura, T. (1991), Pharmacological Studies of Retinol Palmitate and Its Clinical Effect in Patients with Acute Nonlymphocytic Leukemia. Leukemia Research, 15 (6), 463-&. Lotan, R. and Clifford, J.L. (1991), Nuclear Receptors for Retinoids - Mediators of Retinoid Effects on Normal and Malignant-Cells. Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, 45 (4-5), 145-156. Blazsek, I., Farabos, C., Musset, M., Goldschmidt, E., Comisso, M., Benavides, M., Wang, Z.Y., Labat, M.L., Mathe, G. and Misset, J.L. (1991), Retinoic Acid in Mono Or Combined Differentiation Therapy of Myelodysplasia and Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia. Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, 45 (4-5), 169-177. Clarkson, B. (1991), Retinoic Acid in Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia - the Promise and the Paradox. Cancer Cells-A Monthly Review, 3 (6), 211-220. Tubiana, M. (1991), The Scientific Bases of Cancer Management - at the Interface Between Fundamental Research and Clinical-Practice. Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology, 117 (4), 275-289. Shimizu, K., Ichikawa, H., Miyoshi, H., Ohki, M., Kobayashi, H., Maseki, N. and Kaneko, Y. (1991), Molecular Assignment of A Translocation Breakpoint in Acute Myeloid-Leukemia with T(8,21). Genes Chromosomes & Cancer, 3 (3), 163-167. Chen, Z., Chen, S.J., Tong, J.H., Zhu, Y.J., Huang, M.E., Wang, W.C., Wu, Y., Sun, G.L., Wang, Z.Y., Larsen, C.J. and Berger, R. (1991), The Retinoic Acid Alpha-Receptor Gene Is Frequently Disrupted in Its 5' Part in Chinese Patients with Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia. Leukemia, 5 (4), 288-292. Noel, P. (1991), Management of Patients with Myelodysplastic Syndromes. Mayo Clinic Proceedings, 66 (5), 485-497. Chang, K.S., Trujillo, J.M., Ogura, T., Castiglione, C.M., Kidd, K.K., Zhao, S.R., Freireich, E.J. and Stass, S.A. (1991), Rearrangement of the Retinoic Acid Receptor Gene in Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia. Leukemia, 5 (3), 200-204. Warrell, R.P., Frankel, S.R., Miller, W.H., Scheinberg, D.A., Itri, L.M., Hittelman, W.N., Vyas, R., Andreeff, M., Tafuri, A., Jakubowski, A., Gabrilove, J., Gordon, M.S. and Dmitrovsky, E. (1991), Differentiation Therapy of Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia with Tretinoin (All-Trans-Retinoic Acid). New England Journal of Medicine, 324 (20), 1385-1393. Chow, J.M., Cheng, A.L., Su, I.J. and Wang, C.H. (1991), 13-Cis-Retinoic Acid Induces Cellular-Differentiation and Durable Remission in Refractory Cutaneous Ki-1 Lymphoma. Cancer, 67 (10), 2490-2494. Lococo, F., Avvisati, G., Diverio, D., Petti, M.C., Alcalay, M., Pandolfi, P.P., Zangrilli, D., Biondi, A., Rambaldi, A., Moleti, M.L., Mandelli, F. and Pelicci, P.G. (1991), Molecular Evaluation of Response to All-Trans-Retinoic Acid Therapy in Patients with Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia. Blood, 77 (8), 1657-1659. Loffler, H. (1991), The Special Position of Promyelocyte Leukemia - Complete Remission After Treatment with Vitamin-A Derivatives. Deutsche Medizinische Wochenschrift, 116 (14), 553-554. Bell, B.A., Findley, H.W., Krischer, J., Whitehead, V.M., Holbrook, T., Haggard, M.E., Konrad, P.N., Hensley, M. and Ragab, A.H. (1991), Phase-Ii Study of 13-Cis-Retinoic Acid in Pediatric-Patients with Acute Nonlymphocytic Leukemia - A Pediatric Oncology Group-Study. Journal of Immunotherapy, 10 (2), 77-83. Kramer, Z.B., Boros, L., Wiernik, P.H., Andersen, J., Bennett, J.M., Cassileth, P. and Oken, M. (1991), 13-Cis-Retinoic Acid in the Treatment of Elderly Patients with Acute Myeloid-Leukemia - A Phase-Ii Pilot-Study of the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group. Cancer, 67 (6), 1484-1486. Weber, G., Nagai, M., Natsumeda, Y., Eble, J.N., Jayaram, H.N., Paulik, E., Zhen, W., Hoffman, R. and Tricot, G. (1991), Tiazofurin Down-Regulates Expression of C-Ki-Ras Oncogene in A Leukemic Patient. Cancer Communications, 3 (3), 61-66. Peck, R. and Bollag, W. (1991), Potentiation of Retinoid-Induced Differentiation of Hl-60 and U937 Cell-Lines by Cytokines. European Journal of Cancer, 27 (1), 53-57. Wu, X.Z., Shao, G.Y., Chen, S.R., Huang, M.E. and Wang, Z.Y. (1991), Protein-Kinase-C in the Promyelocytic Leukemia-Cell Differentiation of Granulocytes. Chinese Medical Journal, 104 (1), 32-35. He, R.Y. and Breitman, T.R. (1991), Retinoic Acid Inhibits Sodium Butyrate-Induced Monocytic Differentiation of Hl60 Cells While Synergistically Inducing Granulocytoid Differentiation. European Journal of Haematology, 46 (2), 93-100. Butturini, A. and Gale, R.P. (1991), Relationship Between Clonality and Transformation in Acute-Leukemia. Leukemia Research, 15 (1), 1-7. Takahashi, N. and Breitman, T.R. (1991), Retinoylation of Proteins in Leukemia, Embryonal Carcinoma, and Normal Kidney-Cell Lines - Differences Associated with Differential Responses to Retinoic Acid. Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics, 285 (1), 105-110. Chomienne, C., Ballerini, P., Balitrand, N., Huang, M.E., Krawice, I., Castaigne, S., Fenaux, P., Tiollais, P., Dejean, A., Degos, L. and Dethe, H. (1990), The Retinoic Acid Receptor-Alpha Gene Is Rearranged in Retinoic Acid-Sensitive Promyelocytic Leukemias. Leukemia, 4 (12), 802-807. Miller, W.H., Warrell, R.P., Frankel, S.R., Jakubowski, A., Gabrilove, J.L., Muindi, J. and Dmitrovsky, E. (1990), Novel Retinoic Acid Receptor-Alpha Transcripts in Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia Responsive to All-Trans-Retinoic Acid. Journal of the National Cancer Institute, 82 (24), 1932-1933. Longo, L., Pandolfi, P.P., Biondi, A., Rambaldi, A., Mencarelli, A., Coco, F.L., Diverio, D., Pegoraro, L., Avanzi, G., Tabilio, A., Zangrilli, D., Alcalay, M., Donti, E., Grignani, F. and Pelicci, P.G. (1990), Rearrangements and Aberrant Expression of the Retinoic Acid Receptor-Alpha Gene in Acute Promyelocytic Leukemias. Journal of Experimental Medicine, 172 (6), 1571-1575. Degos, L., Chomienne, C., Daniel, M.T., Berger, R., Dombret, H., Fenaux, P. and Castaigne, S. (1990), Treatment of 1St Relapse in Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia with All-Trans Retinoic Acid. Lancet, 336 (8728), 1440-1441. Stone, R.M. and Mayer, R.J. (1990), The Unique Aspects of Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia. Journal of Clinical Oncology, 8 (11), 1913-1921. Wiernik, P.H. (1990), Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia - Another Pseudoleukemia. Blood, 76 (9), 1675-1677. Castaigne, S., Chomienne, C., Daniel, M.T., Ballerini, P., Berger, R., Fenaux, P. and Degos, L. (1990), All-Trans Retinoic Acid As A Differentiation Therapy for Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia .1. Clinical-Results. Blood, 76 (9), 1704-1709. Chomienne, C., Ballerini, P., Balitrand, N., Daniel, M.T., Fenaux, P., Castaigne, S. and Degos, L. (1990), All-Trans Retinoic Acid in Acute Promyelocytic Leukemias .2. Invitro Studies - Structure-Function Relationship. Blood, 76 (9), 1710-1717. Humphries, J.E., Hess, C.E. and Stewart, F.M. (1990), Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia - Impact of Hemorrhagic Complications on Response to Induction Chemotherapy and Survival. Southern Medical Journal, 83 (10), 1157-1161. Degos, L. (1990), All-Trans-Retinoic Acid in the Treatment of Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia. Presse Medicale, 19 (32), 1483-1484. Nakamaki, T., Sakashita, A., Hino, K., Suzuki, K., Tomoyasu, S., Tsuruoka, N., Honma, Y. and Hozumi, M. (1990), Difference in Effects of Interferon-Alpha and Interferon-Gamma on the Induction of Differentiation of Retinoic Acid-Treated Acute Myeloid-Leukemia Cells in Primary Culture. Leukemia Research, 14 (9), 785-794. Dethe, H., Chomienne, C., Lanotte, M., Degos, L. and Dejean, A. (1990), The T(15-17) Translocation of Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia Fuses the Retinoic Acid Receptor-Alpha Gene to A Novel Transcribed Locus. Nature, 347 (6293), 558-561. Breitman, T.R. and He, R.Y. (1990), Combinations of Retinoic Acid with Either Sodium-Butyrate, Dimethyl-Sulfoxide, Or Hexamethylene Bisacetamide Synergistically Induce Differentiation of the Human Myeloid-Leukemia Cell-Line Hl60. Cancer Research, 50 (19), 6268-6273. Blomhoff, R., Skrede, B. and Norum, K.R. (1990), Uptake of Chylomicron Remnant Retinyl Ester Via the Low-Density-Lipoprotein Receptor - Implications for the Role of Vitamin-A As A Possible Preventive for Some Forms of Cancer. Journal of Internal Medicine, 228 (3), 207-210. Degos, L. (1990), Differentiating Agents in the Treatment of Leukemia. Leukemia Research, 14 (8), 717-719. Tsutani, H., Iwasaki, H., Kawai, Y., Tanaka, T., Ueda, T., Uchida, M. and Nakamura, T. (1990), Reduction of Leukemia-Cell Growth in A Patient with Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia Treated by Retinol Palmitate. Leukemia Research, 14 (7), 595-600. Lotan, R., Francis, G.E., Freeman, C.S. and Waxman, S. (1990), Differentiation Therapy. Cancer Research, 50 (11), 3454-3464. Blazsek, I. and Mathe, G. (1990), Pathobiology of Myelodysplastic Syndromes. Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, 44 (2), 69-83. Degos, L., Shroot, B., Dethe, H., Tiollais, P., Dejean, A., Chomienne, C., Ballerini, P., Huang, M., Cornic, M., Abita, J.P., Castaigne, S., Degos, L., Wang, Z.Y., Sun, G.L., Lu, J.X., Gu, L.J., Huang, M.E., Chen, S.R., Castaigne, S., Chomienne, C., Daniel, M.T., Berger, R., Miclea, J.M., Ballerini, P. and Degos, L. (1990), Retinoic Acid in Hematopoietic Differentiation. Nouvelle Revue Francaise D Hematologie, 32 (1), 25-38. Botilsrud, M., Holmberg, I., Wathne, K.O., Blomhoff, H.K., Norum, K.R. and Blomhoff, R. (1990), Effect of Retinoids and 1,25(Oh)2 Vitamin-D3 Bound to Their Plasma Transport Proteins on Growth and Differentiation of Hl-60 Cells. Scandinavian Journal of Clinical & Laboratory Investigation, 50 (3), 309-317. Wang, S.Y., Liu, S.T., Wang, S.J. and Ho, C.K. (1989), Induction of Differentiation in Hl-60 Cells by Retinoic Acid and Lymphocyte-Derived Differentiation-Inducing Factor But Not by Recombinant G-Csf and Gm-Csf. Leukemia Research, 13 (12), 1091-1097. Wu, X.Z., Shao, G.Y., Chen, S.R., Wang, X.W. and Wang, Z.Y. (1989), Studies on the Relationship Between Protein-Kinase C and Differentiation of Human Promyelocytic Leukemia-Cells Induced by Retinoic Acid. Leukemia Research, 13 (10), 869-874. Gallagher, R.E., Said, F., Pua, I., Papenhausen, P.R., Paietta, E. and Wiernik, P.H. (1989), Expression of Retinoic Acid Receptor-Alpha Messenger-Rna in Human-Leukemia Cells with Variable Responsiveness to Retinoic Acid. Leukemia, 3 (11), 789-795. Chomienne, C. (1989), Retinoic Acid. Pathologie Biologie, 37 (8), 865-867. Chomienne, C., Ballerini, P., Balitrand, N., Amar, M., Bernard, J.F., Boivin, P., Daniel, M.T., Berger, R., Castaigne, S. and Degos, L. (1989), Retinoic Acid Therapy for Promyelocytic Leukemia. Lancet, 2 (8665), 746-747. Hemmi, H., Nakamura, T., Shimizu, Y. and Sugamura, K. (1989), Identification of Components of Differentiation-Inducing Activity of Human T-Cell Lymphoma-Cells by Induction of Differentiation in Human Myeloid-Leukemia Cells. Journal of the National Cancer Institute, 81 (12), 952-956. Boiron, M. (1989), Interferons and Hairy-Cell Leukemia. Pathologie Biologie, 37 (3), 185-187. Takahashi, N. and Breitman, T.R. (1989), Retinoic Acid Acylation (Retinoylation) of A Nuclear-Protein in the Human Acute Myeloid-Leukemia Cell-Line Hl60. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 264 (9), 5159-5163. A bias would appear in “times self cited” if any two or more authors have the same name.

Times Cited - 08/22/2010 03:17:40 pm 0800 - iso-8859-1 - OpenWebMail

by christina101 on Nov 19, 2010

Accessibility

Tags

Upload Details

Usage Rights

Statistics

Times Cited - 08/22/2010 03:17:40 pm 0800 - iso-8859-1 - OpenWebMail — Document Transcript