IASA Atlanta September 2009

An Overview of Cloud Computing
Christopher Curtin

About Me
19+ years in Technology
Background in Factory Automation, Warehouse Management and Food Safety system development before Silverpop
CTO of Silverpop
Silverpop is a leading marketing automation and email marketing company

Cloud Computing
What exactly is ‘cloud computing’?
Beats me
Most overused term since ‘dot com’
Ask 10 people, get 11 answers

Topics
Types of Clouds
Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
Platform as a Service (PaaS)
Software as a Service (SaaS)
Private
Hybrid
Google Docs
Privacy and security
Return of the ISV?
Map Reduce/Hadoop
Thoughts for Architects

Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
Provides ‘raw iron’ VM for you to use
Pretty much a root login and total control
‘pay as you go’ – charged by hour running and bandwidth/storage used
Amazon’s EC2
Rackspace Cloud
Probably every co-lo provider

IaaS Benefits and Risks
Benefits
Do whatever you want on the machine
Build it however you want
‘pay as you go’
Can deploy one server or 1000
Risks
Same as benefits
Mostly credit card today
Not something you’d give to a business group
Authentication is not provided

IaaS – EC2
Offers prebuildmachine images ‘AMI’
Can build your own as well
Provides some infrastructure services such as load balancing, basic monitoring, queuing, disk storage
Biggest design challenge - storage

Platform as a Service (PaaS)
Platforms provide you a container and set of services
You code to the API, worrying about business logic, not infrastructure
Microsoft’s Azure
Google’s AppEngine
SalesForce.com’s Force.com
EngineYard for Ruby

PaaS
Very well defined ‘boxes’ to work in
Even when .net and Java containers are provided, not all APIs and libraries are available
No local disk
Hard (impossible?) to know how many instances are running

PaaS Benefits and Risks
Benefits
No need to worry about networking, load balancers, Apache/IIS etc
Auto scaling is part of the application
Risks
Same as Benefits
Authentication is not robust
Constraints
Credit Card payments

PaaS – Azure and AppEngine
Basically provide Servlet/MVC containers
Azure provides SQL Server
AppEngine provides JDO access to BigTable-like database
Long running tasks not supported (how to do reporting?)
No third party libraries, applications etc to integrate into your solution

Software as a Service (SaaS)
Traditional Web applications?
Business applications hosted by others
Silverpop
SalesForce.com
Google Docs
Microsoft Live

SaaS Benefits and Risks
Benefits
No IT costs
Department Level management
Support by Vendor
Risks
Possibly no IT knowledge
Privacy, Security, data outside firewall
Integration challenges

SaaS Example: Silverpop
Provide Lead Management and Marketing applications
Marketing Departments lead RFP process, rarely see IT
However, security is critical
Integrations are often ‘build and forget’

Private Clouds
Another really abused term
NOT the same as virtualization
Allows IaaS and PaaS inside your firewall or in a controlled, dedicated third party
Eucalyptus
3Tera
IBM, Unisys, Sun, HP etc
Expect VMWare (SpringSource)

Private Clouds Benefits and Risks
Benefits
Total control
Provisioning
Reuse of existing capital systems
Easier integrations
Risks
Not adopting ‘services’ part of solution
Capital costs over time

Private Clouds – 3Tera
Tool to let you define machines as resources
Build ‘applications’ drag and drop
Cloud can be internal, remote or both

3Tera Screenshot

Hybrids
Amazon Virtual Private Cloud
3Tera
Cloud Bursting
Build internal system for ‘normal’ load
Call up cloud resources for extreme cases
Design architectures where some parts are in the cloud and some local by default

Cloud Bursting Examples
IBM DB2 Workgroup for $3/hour
What could you do with 100 DB2 instances?
Billing
Day to day use local apps
Spin up 100 EC2 instances to do a monthly billing run
Financial
Spin up 100 EC2 instances to close the books monthly
Development
Large unit test suites
Spin up 10 EC2 instances, parallel tests nightly

Google Docs
Microsoft Live too (eventually)
Can be PaaS or SaaS
Online collaboration
Can also build simple applications (forms)

Privacy and Security
IaaS
Almost none by default
You must build it/manage it
PaaS
Some by platform but often tied to Live ID, Gmail login etc
SOME support integration with LDAP/Active Directory
Critical to get this under control!

Privacy and Security 2
SaaS
Audit the vendors
Penetration tests
IP restrictions
Define rules for use of all 3
Amazon Virtual Private Cloud
“on your network”
Can use your infrastructure
Supposedly 100% VLAN’d

Return of the ISV?
Remember the late 80’s and early 90’s?
The guy from church or neighbor build dBase 3 apps for everyone?
Corporate IT killed that by taking control of the desktop
PaaS and SaaS will bring them back

ISV Continued
If IT is seen as the bottleneck, users will go around you
Access/Excel apps
A department manager could pay someone to build an app and host it on Azure for a few thousand
Paid monthly on a credit card, no capital, no IT traceability

Map Reduce/Hadoop
Ever wonder how Google indexes the web?
Map/Reduce is a framework for diving jobs into manageable pieces
Then implementing the logic across many machines

Map/Reduce 2
First step is to define the key for the data
For example, words in a document
Or customer identifiers
Next step is to run logic on the rows that match each key (Reduce)
Output is then combined into results directory

Map/Reduce 3
Don’t think about threading, scheduling, memory utilization
Think about business logic
VERY different way of thinking about solving a problem
A whole presentation by itself …

Product Architects
How would I build my solution if I had lots of hardware on demand?
What are the things we do infrequently but have dedicated hardware for?
Learn about map/reduce for reporting, billing etc.

Product Company Architect (SaaS)
What things are we doing in ‘back office’ that we only need once a week/month?
What quick/dirty things are the non-production teams doing to do their jobs?
Do I have the volume to support building my own infrastructure?

Enterprise Architects
Know that your departments are going to the cloud with or without you
Look at applicable use of all types of ‘cloud’ solutions: PaaS, IaaS, SaaS all have their place
Think about internal/private clouds to make resource management easier
Provide resources to answer/direct departments about PaaS/SaaS

AWSome Atlanta
Meets Second Tuesday of the month at ATDC
Started about Amazon’s services, but more general now
http://www.meetup.com/awsomeatlanta/

Thank you
Chris Curtin ccurtin@silverpop.com
Twitter: @ChrisCurtin
SlideShare: www.slideshare.com/chriscurtin
Silverpop: http://www.silverpop.com/marketing-company/careers/index.html

IASA Atlanta September 2009

by Christopher Curtin on Sep 10, 2009

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