Salinization and Soil Erosion Definition and formation of both.

Salinization Definition: Salt occuring in the soil Caused by: Irrigation can cause Salinization as this increases surface water and in some cases the land may be flooded, which in turn leads to extra water evaporating and a higher deposit of Salt. This can be caused when High Temperatures cause surface water to evaporate which in turn leaves behind salt deposits as the water evaporates. A continuous high temperature results in the water table rising to the surface resulting in a larger salt deposition on the land. Where salinization occurs this makes the land unable to grow sufficient crops as the land is now infertile. Irrigation Salt Deposits High Temperatures Water Table

Definition: Salt occuring in the soil

Caused by:

Irrigation can cause Salinization as this increases surface water and in some cases the land may be flooded, which in turn leads to extra water evaporating and a higher deposit of Salt.

This can be caused when High Temperatures cause surface water to evaporate which in turn leaves behind salt deposits as the water evaporates.

A continuous high temperature results in the water table rising to the surface resulting in a larger salt deposition on the land. Where salinization occurs this makes the land unable to grow sufficient crops as the land is now infertile.

Soil Erosion Definition: A definition of this is the process by which soil is removed by wind or running water. Causes of soil erosion include: Overgrazing which is where too many animals are reared in comparison to the grass available. 2) Ploughing up and Down Hill which creates channels which rain water can increase amount and speed of surface run off. 3) Deforestation which increases surface run off and throughflow aswellas decreasing interception and evapotranspiration (the return of moisture to the air). 4) Overcropping where the soil is overused by growing of crops which eventually loses its goodness and the structure of the soil breaks down this can cause high rates of erosion. To prevent soil erosion different areas of the world have tried different methods including Terracing in Indonesia and the philippeans Contour ploughing and strip cropping in the USA Animal welfare in Kenya Stone lines (‘Magic Stones’) in Burkina Fuso (West Africa) Overgrazing Ploughing up and down Hill Deforestation Overcropping

Definition: A definition of this is the process by which soil is removed by wind or running water.

Causes of soil erosion include:

Overgrazing which is where too many animals are reared in comparison to the grass available.

2) Ploughing up and Down Hill which creates channels which rain water can increase amount and speed of surface run off.

3) Deforestation which increases surface run off and throughflow aswellas decreasing interception and evapotranspiration (the return of moisture to the air).

4) Overcropping where the soil is overused by growing of crops which eventually loses its goodness and the structure of the soil breaks down this can cause high rates of erosion.

To prevent soil erosion different areas of the world have tried different methods including

Terracing in Indonesia and the philippeans

Contour ploughing and strip cropping in the USA

Animal welfare in Kenya

Stone lines (‘Magic Stones’) in Burkina Fuso (West Africa)