Demographic Transition Model

*The DTM describes a sequence of changes in the relationships between birth and death rates. *The model was produced using changes in the natural increase in several countries in Western Europe and North America.

*The DTM describes a sequence of changes in the relationships between birth and death rates.

*The model was produced using changes in the natural increase in several countries in Western Europe and North America.

It suggests that the population growth rates for all countries can be divided into 4 stages.

It suggests that the population growth rates for all countries can be divided into 4 stages.

Stage 1

Stage 1

Birth Rate - Very High Death Rate - Very High Natural Increase - Population Steady

Birth Rate - Very High

Death Rate - Very High

Natural Increase - Population Steady

Reasons for changes in birth rate:

Reasons for changes in birth rate:

Children needed for farming They die at an early age due to illnesses No family planning And religious and social encouragement.

Children needed for farming

They die at an early age due to illnesses

No family planning

And religious and social encouragement.

Reasons for changes in death rate:

Reasons for changes in death rate:

Disease Famine Poor medical knowledge and so many people die.

Disease

Famine

Poor medical knowledge and so many people die.

Stage 2

Stage 2

Birth Rate - Very High Death Rate - Falling Rapidly Natural Increase - Very Rapid Increase

Birth Rate - Very High

Death Rate - Falling Rapidly

Natural Increase - Very Rapid Increase

Reasons for changes in birth rate:

Reasons for changes in birth rate:

Children needed for farming They die at an early age due to illnesses No family planning and religious and social encouragement. (same as stage 1)

Children needed for farming

They die at an early age due to illnesses

No family planning and religious and social encouragement. (same as stage 1)

Reasons for change in death rate:

Reasons for change in death rate:

Improvements in medical care Water Supply and sanitation Fewer children die.

Improvements in medical care

Water

Supply and sanitation

Fewer children die.

Stage 3

Stage 3

Birth Rate: Falling rapidly Death Rate: Falling more slowly Natural Increase: Rapid increase

Birth Rate: Falling rapidly

Death Rate: Falling more slowly

Natural Increase: Rapid increase

Reasons for changes in birth rate:

Reasons for changes in birth rate:

Improved medical care and diet Fewer children are needed

Improved medical care and diet

Fewer children are needed

Reasons for changes in death rate:

Reasons for changes in death rate:

Improvements in medical care Water Supply and sanitation Fewer children die

Improvements in medical care

Water

Supply and sanitation

Fewer children die

Stage 4

Stage 4

Birth Rate: Falling more slowly Death rate: Slight fall Natural Increase: Very slow increase

Birth Rate: Falling more slowly

Death rate: Slight fall

Natural Increase: Very slow increase

Reasons for changes in birth rate:

Reasons for changes in birth rate:

Family planning Good health Later marriages Improving status of women

Family planning

Good health

Later marriages

Improving status of women

Reasons for changes in death rate:

Reasons for changes in death rate:

Good health care Reliable food supply People are living much longer

Good health care

Reliable food supply

People are living much longer

Stage 5

Stage 5

Birth Rate: Slight fall Death Rate: Stable Natural Increase: Gentle decrease

Birth Rate: Slight fall

Death Rate: Stable

Natural Increase: Gentle decrease

Reasons for changes in birth rate:

Reasons for changes in birth rate:

Family planning Good health Later marriages Improving status of women

Family planning

Good health

Later marriages

Improving status of women

Reasons for changes in death rate:

Reasons for changes in death rate:

Good health care Reliable food supply People are living much longer

Good health care

Reliable food supply

People are living much longer

Examples

Examples

Stage 1: A few remote Groups Stage 2:Egypt, Kenya, India Stage 3: Brazil Stage 4: USA, Japan, France, UK Stage 5: Germany (the future)

Stage 1: A few remote Groups

Stage 2:Egypt, Kenya, India

Stage 3: Brazil

Stage 4: USA, Japan, France, UK

Stage 5: Germany (the future)

Produced by Amy

Produced by Amy