2. Table of contents
• Que vs. Cual
• Ser
• Estar
• Gustar
• Transitions
• Imperfect
• Triggers
• Acabar de + infinitive
• Hace expressions
• Verbos como gustar
• Refelexives
• Affirmative tu commands
• Negative commands
• Irregular commands
• DOP and Placement
• Preterito
3. Que vs. Cal
• Que is always used when asking for a
definition
Ex: What is your name?
• Cual is used in front of es or any other
conjugation of ser for all other purposes; used
to make a selection.
Ex: What is going on?
4. • Ser= Soy, Eres, Es, Son, Somos, Sois, Ser
• Description- Que es?
• Origin- De donde es?
• Characteristics- Como es?
• Time- Que hora es?
• Occupation- Que hace?
• Relationship- Quein es?
• Possession- De quienes?
• Events- Cuando/Donde es?
• Dates- Que dia es hoy? Cual es la fecha?
Cuando es tu cumpleanos?
5. Estar: to be
• Estar- temporary
- Health
* Come estas?
- Emotion
* Come estas?
- Location
* Donde estas?
- Present Condition
* Como estas?
6. Gustar
(like/please)
• Le- him, her, it
• Nos- we
• Os- yall
• Les- they/them
• Me- I
• Te- you
7. Transitions
• Pero- but
• Tambien- also
• O- or
• Ni- or
• Y- and
• Asi Que- so
• Entonces- then
8. Imperfects
• Uses:
• On going action (was/were)
• Repeated action (used to)
• No definite beginning or end
• Time /date/age/feelings/description
• Interupted activity (cuando)
Regular Hablar Comer Escribir
yo hababa comia escribia
tu hablabas comias escribias
El/ella hablaba comia escribia
nosotors hablabamos comiamos escribiamo
s
vosotros hablabais comiais escribias
Ellos/ellas/ hablaban comian escribian
9. Imperfects
• Irregulars
Irregulars Ir Ser Ver
Yo iba era veia
Tu ibas eras veias
El/Ella iba era veia
Nosotros ibamos eramos veiamos
Vosotros ibais erais veiais
Ellos/Ellas iban eran veian
10. Triggers
• Frecuentemente- frequently
• Los lunes- Mondays
• Generalmente- generally
• Meintras- while
• De vez en cuando- occasionally
• Muchas veces- more often
• Todos los dias- everyday
• A menudo- often
• A veces- sometimes
• Simpre- always
11. Acabar De + Infinitive
• To have just done something (very recent)
• Acabo de…- I just…
• Acabas de…- You just…
• Acaba de…- he/she/ just…
• Acabamos de…- We just…
• Acabias de…- You all just…
• Acaban de…- They just…
12. Hacer Expressions
• Hacer+(time)+ Que + conjuugated verb
- How much time you have been doing
something.
• Hay + Que + Infinitive
- What needs to be done.
• Se Prohibe + Infinitive
- What is prohibited.
• Ir + A + Infinitive
- What you will be doing.
13. Verbs like Gustar
• Faltar- Missing
• Doler- Hurting
• Fasinar- Fasinated
• Molestar- Bothers
• Encantar- Love
14. Reflexives
• Despertarse- To wake up
• Levantarse- To get up
• Acotarse- To lie down
• Afeitarse- To shave
• Ponerse la ropa- To put on clothes
• Quitarse la ropa- To take off clothes
• Acotarse (o-ue)- To lie down
• Dormirse (o-ue)- To sleep
15. Affirmative tu commands
• Just drop the “s”
• DOP and IOP can attach to an affirmative
command
• When you change the syllabification of a verb,
an accent mark is added to 3rd to last syllable
16. Negative Commands
• Put in yo form
• Change the vowel
Ar-e
Er/Ir- a
• Add “No” in front
• DOP are added to the beginnings of the verb
but
17. Irregular Commands
• Di – Decir
• Haz – Hacer
• Ve – Ve
• Pon – Poner
• Sal – Salir
• Se – Ser
• Ten – Tener
• Ven - Venir
18. DOP and Placement
• DOP and IOP can attach or hook on to an
affirmative command.
• DOP take the place of a noun.
• Answers the question what is receiving the direct
action of the verb.
• Can be hooked to infinitives, affirmative
commands, Gerund/present progressive.
• For all else DOP goes before conjugated verb
• DOPs- Me, Te, Lo/La, Los/Las
19. Preterito
• Has a definite time in the past with a beginnig
or end.
Ar Er Ir
e i i
aste iste iste
o io io
amos imos imos
aron ieron ieron
