Cloud Foundry OpenTour Kiev Keynote

Cloud FoundryThe Open Platform as a ServicePatrick ChanezonSenior DirectorDeveloper Relationschanezonp@vmware.com@chanezon Cloud Foundry OpenTour, Kiev, April 2012Tuesday, April 24, 12

P@ in a nutshell • French, based in San Francisco • Senior Director, Developer Relations,VMware • Software Plumber, API guy, mix of Enterprise and Consumer • 18 years writing software, backend guy with a taste for javascript • 2 y Accenture (Notes guru), 3 y Netscape/AOL (Servers, Portals), 5 y Sun (ecommerce, blogs, Portals, feeds, open source) • 6 years at Google, API guy (ﬁrst hired, helped start the team) • Adwords, Checkout, Social, HTML5, CloudTuesday, April 24, 12

Dreams Of my childhood 3Tuesday, April 24, 12

Accelerando / Singularity, in a Galaxy far far away § Even if we automate ourselves out of a job every 10 years § ...I don’t think the singularity is near! 4Tuesday, April 24, 12

Moores Law is for Hardware Only § Does not apply to software § Productivity gains not keeping up with hardware and bandwidth § Writing software is hard, painful, and still very much a craft 5Tuesday, April 24, 12

Moores Law’s free lunch is over § Herb Sutter, Welcome to the Jungle http://herbsutter.com/welcome-to-the-jungle/ 6Tuesday, April 24, 12

Future “The future is already here — its just not very evenly distributed” William Gibson 7Tuesday, April 24, 12

Haiku - Skylark “Trampling on clouds, inhaling the mist, the skylark soars” —SHIKI 8Tuesday, April 24, 12

Haiku - Frog “Crouching, studying the clouds— a frog” CHIYO-JO 9Tuesday, April 24, 12

Architecture Changes: 60’s MainframeTuesday, April 24, 12

Architecture Changes: 80’s Client-ServerTuesday, April 24, 12

Architecture Changes: 90’s WebTuesday, April 24, 12

Architecture Changes: 2010’s Cloud, HTML5, MobileTuesday, April 24, 12

Back to Client Server: Groovy Baby! 14Tuesday, April 24, 12

What is Cloud Computing? Cloud According to my daughter Eliette 15Tuesday, April 24, 12

What is Cloud Computing? Cloud at Михайлівський золотоверхий монастир 16Tuesday, April 24, 12

Cloud Stack - Classic Pyramid Software As A Service Platform As A Service Infrastructure As A Service 17Tuesday, April 24, 12

Cloud Stack - By Value Software As A Service Platform As A Service Infrastructure As A Service 18Tuesday, April 24, 12

Cloud Stack - History § What does cloud mean, 4 main angles • Software 1994 Netscape • Infrastructure 2002 Amazon AWS • Platform 2008 Google • Development now! § Industrialization of hardware and software infrastructure like electricity beginning of 20th century § But software development itself is moving towards craftmanship 19Tuesday, April 24, 12

Cloud started at Consumer websites solving their needs • Google, Amazon, Yahoo, Facebook, Twitter • Large Data Sets • Storage Capacity growing faster than Moore’s Law • Fast Networks • Horizontal -> Vertical scalability • Open Source Software • Virtualization • Cloud is a productization of these infrastructures • Public Clouds Services: Google, Amazon • Open Source Software: Hadoop, Eucalyptus, Ubuntu, Cloud FoundryTuesday, April 24, 12

Infrastructure 21Tuesday, April 24, 12

IaaS/Virtualization getting mainstream § AWS, Joyent, Rackspace,... § Open Source projects: OpenStack, DeltaCloud, Eucalyptus § Automation: Chef, Juju § Standardization? DMTF § Inside the Firewall, Virtualization: VMware, Microsoft, Xen, KVM § 50% of workloads are virtualized § Easy to provision, manage instance...BUT § Still need to manage backups, software stacks, monitor, upgrades 22Tuesday, April 24, 12

With Infrastructure, you still need to build your own platform § Need to build a distributed platform on top of you infrastructure § Story of the AWS meltdown from last summer • http://blog.reddit.com/2011/03/why-reddit-was-down-for-6-of-last-24.html • http://www.readwriteweb.com/cloud/2010/12/chaos-monkey-how-netflix- uses.php • http://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=2477296 • http://stu.mp/2011/04/the-cloud-is-not-a-silver-bullet.html § Twilio, Smugmug, SimpleGeo survived it because they built their own distributed platform on top of IaaS § Enterprise customers want to consider Infrastructure like CDNs • Multi Cloud usage • Based on Open Source de facto standards, or full standards whenever that happens 23Tuesday, April 24, 12

Platforms 24Tuesday, April 24, 12

Platforms § Raise the Unit of currency to be application & services instead of infrastructure § Google App Engine, Cloud Foundry, Joyent, Heroku, Stax (Cloudbees), Amazon elastic beanstalk, Microsoft Azure, AppFog § Single or a few languages, services § Start of Multi language Polyglot platforms § Enabler for Agile Developers -> Create Business value faster § Lack of standards: risk, vendor lock-in § Enterprise needs: • Control, customizability • Private/Hybrid Cloud • Avoid lock-in 25Tuesday, April 24, 12

Agile Development ProcessesTuesday, April 24, 12

Agility as a survival skill § Consumer software is becoming like fashion • Phone apps, social apps, short lifetime, fast lifecycles • Ab testing § Clay shirky situational apps § Kent Beck, Usenix 2011 Talk, “Software G-Forces” change in software process when frequency grows § Cloud Platforms enables an Agile culture, driver for innovation • Scalability is built in the platforms • Can iterate faster • Focus on design § Cloud Platforms lets developers focus on driving business value 27Tuesday, April 24, 12

Main Risk: Lock-In Welcome to the hotel california Such a lovely place Such a lovely face Plenty of room at the hotel california Any time of year, you can ﬁnd it here Last thing I remember, I was Running for the door I had to ﬁnd the passage back To the place I was before ’relax,’ said the night man, We are programmed to receive. You can checkout any time you like, But you can never leave! 28Tuesday, April 24, 12

Cloud Foundry: The Open PaaS • Open Source: Apache 2 Licensed • multi language/frameworks • multi services • multi cloud Ap ce pli vFabric rfa Postgres Private ca nte Data Services tio Clouds rI n e Se Public vid vFabric RabbitMQTM rvi Cloud ro Msg Services ce dP Micro ou Other Cloud Cl Services 29Tuesday, April 24, 12

Open Source 30Tuesday, April 24, 12

Open Source Advantage § http://code.google.com/p/googleappengine/issues/detail?id=13 • https://github.com/cloudfoundry/vcap/pull/25 31Tuesday, April 24, 12

CloudFoundry.org 32Tuesday, April 24, 12

Cloud Foundry Open Source Workflow cloudfoundry.com production updated ~2x/week github github.com/cloudfoundry on +2 and ✓ change pushed to github Reviewers +1/-1 Gerrit Code Review +2/-2 Committers reviews.cloudfoundry.org test veriﬁcation score ✓ ✗ git push triggers test execution Jenkins CI ci.cloudfoundry.org 33Tuesday, April 24, 12

Multi Cloud 34Tuesday, April 24, 12

CloudFoundry.COM Cloud Foundry Runtimes & Frameworks Services vCenter / vSphere Infrastructure 35Tuesday, April 24, 12

Cloud Foundry.ORG Cloud Foundry The Source Code to Compile & Build Cloud Foundry vCenter / vSphere Download Setup Setup Scripts Deploy Code Environment Behind Firewall 36Tuesday, April 24, 12

Micro Cloud Foundry Micro 37Tuesday, April 24, 12

What is a Micro Cloud? Or Entire Cloud Running inside of a single VM 38Tuesday, April 24, 12

What is in Micro Cloud Foundry? .COM Dynamic Updating DNS App Instances Services Open source Platform as a Service project 10.04 39Tuesday, April 24, 12

Other Cloud Foundry powered PaaS Private PaaS Added Python and Perl Public PaaS Added PHP Tier3 and Uhuru recently added .NET support 40Tuesday, April 24, 12

Register today http://cloudfoundry.com/signup Use Promo Code CFOpenTour2012 To avoid approval queue waiting time 41Tuesday, April 24, 12

Cloud Foundry BOSH 42Tuesday, April 24, 12

Production Grade Cloud Foundry Clusters § 500 – 5,000 VMs cloudfoundry.com § 40+ unique node types § 75+ unique software packages § 75+ unique environments § 2x/week cf.com updates § 24x7x365 non-stop operation § No-downtime deployments § Reliable, robust, repeatable deployments, updates, capacity adjustments § Small teams manage many instances production, staging, stress, qa, dev Google style problem è Google style solution 43Tuesday, April 24, 12

Cloud Foundry BOSH § Cloud Foundry BOSH is an open source tool-chain for release engineering, deployment, and lifecycle management of large scale distributed services • Prescriptive way of creating releases and managing systems and services • It is not a collection of shell scripts, not a pile of Perl § Built to deploy and manage production-class, large scale clusters • Production grade Cloud Foundry clusters: 500+ VMs, 40+ jobs, 75+ packages • Multi-node, multi-tier, complex clusters: e.g., our Gerrit/Jenkins Cluster § Built for devops usage and scale by a crack team of veterans • A project, not a product: command line interface, YAML, etc. • Continuous improvement, iterative development, rough edges github.com/cloudfoundry/bosh 44Tuesday, April 24, 12

BOSH: under the hood BOSH User “BOSH is deployed by BOSH” bosh cli director healthmon cloudfoundry.com db redis nats workers blobs active jobs agent IaaS CPI stemcell disk45 Tuesday, April 24, 12

IaaS neutral by design vSphere: battle tested implementation, thousands of deployments CPI: code complete vCloud Director: “work in progress”, 2H 2012 functional status: “work in progress” Cloud Foundry BOSH Cloud Provider Interface (CPI) contribute: github.com/cloudfoundry/bosh 46Tuesday, April 24, 12

Cloud for Developers: the true path is PaaS! 47Tuesday, April 24, 12

Development As A Service 48Tuesday, April 24, 12

Development § Final frontier, happening now § Not whole product yet § Social Coding: Google code, Github § Web IDEs: Cloud9, Exo, Orion § Higher level case tools, Wavemaker, Orangescape, Runmyprocess § Continuous Integration: Jenkins, Cloudbees, OpenShift § Test: feature of cloud platforms § Knowledge Sharing: StackOverflow 49Tuesday, April 24, 12

Demo Exo Cloud IDE Mark Downey Cloud Services Product Manager, Exo Platforms Twitter: @marksdowney 50Tuesday, April 24, 12

Lessons for Developers 51Tuesday, April 24, 12

Predictions § Software is becoming like fashion, design rules § Welcome to Babel, use the best tool for the job, embrace multiple language & heterogeneity § Our jobs will change, build yourself out of your current job § Sysadmin jobs will morph, there will be less of them § Many opportunities open when you embrace change 52Tuesday, April 24, 12

Things to Forget § First normal form § Waterfall model § Single server deployment § Single language skill § Build everything from scratch § Build custom infrastructure 53Tuesday, April 24, 12

Things to Learn • Agile • Take risks, fail often, fail fast and learn • API Design: create the API first • UI Design, Javacript, HTML5, CSS3 • A/B Testing • Open Source, Open Standards • Architecture, Distributed Computing (CAP theorem, 8 fallacies) • Cloud Platforms and APIs • Multiple types of languages (imperative, object, functional, logic) • Ability to encapsulate domain knowledge in a DSL • Build on the shoulders of giants: reuse, REST APIs • Pick your battles, choose what you need to build yourself to add value • Learn to live in a box (embrace platform limitations) to think outside the box • Use an App Store for distribution • Consider your career as a startup 54Tuesday, April 24, 12

Tuesday, April 24, 12

Such stuff as dreams are made on § Like a kid on a candy store: theres never been a better time to be a software developer! § Welcome to the Cloud: embrace change and reinvent yourselves § “The future is already there, not evenly distributed” Gibson § We Developers, invent the future today 56Tuesday, April 24, 12

sample app polyglot in action by Mark Lucovsky 57 developer perspective v2.0Tuesday, April 24, 12

58 developer perspective v2.0Tuesday, April 24, 12

stac2: load generation system - jQuery, jQuery UI json-p stac2 - 2 x 128mb - haml templates frontend - ruby 1.8.7, sinatra - 100% JS based UI smtp http json email - 16 x 128mb* api server - node.JS, 0.6.8 reports rpush redis api redis blpop redis api blpop - 96 x 128mb - 16 x 128mb* - ruby 1.8.7, sinatra vmc worker http worker - node.JS, 0.6.8 * - api server and http worker share the same node.JS process/instance 59 developer perspective v2.0Tuesday, April 24, 12

deployment instructions $ cd ~/stac2 $ vmc push 60 developer perspective v2.0Tuesday, April 24, 12

how is this possible? $ cd ~/stac2; cat manifest.yml applications: ./nabh: instances: 16 mem: 128M runtime: node06 url: ${name}.${target-‐base} services: nab-‐redis: type: :redis ./nabv: instances: 96 mem: 128M runtime: ruby18 url: ${name}.${target-‐base} services: nab-‐redis: type: :redis ./stac2: instances: 2 mem: 128M runtime: ruby18 url: ${name}.${target-‐base} 61 developer perspective v2.0Tuesday, April 24, 12

design tidbits • producer/consumer pattern using rpush/blpop • node.JS: multi-server and high performance async i/o • caldecott – aka vmc tunnel for debugging • redis sorted sets for stats collection • redis expiring keys for rate calculation 62 developer perspective v2.0Tuesday, April 24, 12

producer/consumer • core design pattern • found at the heart of many complex apps classic mode: - thread pools - semaphore/mutex, completion ports, etc. - scalability limited to visibility of the work queue producer work work queue work consumer cloud foundry mode: - instance pools - redis rpush/blpop, rabbit queues, etc. - full horizontal scalability, cloud scale 63 developer perspective v2.0Tuesday, April 24, 12

producer/consumer: code // producer function commit_item(queue, item) { // push the work item onto the proper queue redis.rpush(queue, item, function(err, data) { // optionally trim the queue, throwing away // data as needed to ensure the queue does // not grow unbounded if (!err && data > queueTrim) { redis.ltrim(queue, 0, queueTrim-‐1); } }); } // consumer function worker() { // blocking wait for workitems blpop_redis.blpop(queue, 0, function(err, data) { // data[0] == queue, data[1] == item if (!err) { doWork(data[1]); } process.nextTick(worker); }); 64 developer perspective v2.0Tuesday, April 24, 12

node.JS multi-server: http API server // the api server handles two key load generation apis // /http – for http load, /vmc for Cloud Foundry API load var routes = {“/http”: httpCmd, “/vmc”: vmcCmd} // http api server booted by app.js, passing redis client // and Cloud Foundry instance function boot(redis_client, cfinstance) { var redis = redis_client; function onRequest(request, response) { var u = url.parse(request.url); var path = u.pathname; if (routes[path] && typeof routes[path] == ‘function’) { routes[path](request, response); } else { response.writeHead(404, {‘Content-‐Type’: ‘text/plain’}); response.write(‘404 Not Found’); response.end(); } } server = http.createServer(onRequest).listen(cfinstance[‘port’]); } 65 developer perspective v2.0Tuesday, April 24, 12

node.JS multi-server: blpop server var blpop_redis = null; var status_redis = null; var cfinstance = null; // blpop server handles work requests for http traffic // that are placed on the queue by the http API server // another blpop server sits in the ruby/sinatra VMC server function boot(r1, r2, cfi) { // multiple redis clients due to concurrency constraints blpop_redis = r1; status_redis = r2; cfinstance = cfi; worker(); } // this is the blpop server loop function worker() { blpop_redis.blpop(queue, 0, function(err, data) { if (!err) { doWork(data[1]); } process.nextTick(worker); }); } 66 developer perspective v2.0Tuesday, April 24, 12

caldecott: aka vmc tunnel # create a caldecott tunnel to the redis server $ vmc tunnel nab-‐redis redis-‐cli Binding Service [nab-‐redis]: OK … Launching redis-‐cli -‐h localhost -‐p 10000 -‐a ...’ # enumerate the keys used by stac2 redis> keys vmc::staging::* 1) “vmc::staging::actions::time_50” 2) “vmc::staging::active_workers” … # enumerate actions that took less that 50ms redis> zrange vmc::staging::actions::time_50 0 -‐1 withscores 1) “delete_app” 2) “1” 3) “login” 4) “58676” 5) “info” 6) “80390” # see how many work items we dumped due to concurrency constraint redis> get vmc::staging::wastegate “7829” 67 developer perspective v2.0Tuesday, April 24, 12

redis sorted sets for stats collection # log action into a sorted set, net result is set contains # actions and the number of times the action was executed # count total action count, and also per elapsed time bucket def logAction(action, elapsedTimeBucket) # actionKey is the set for all counts # etKey is the set for a particular time bucket e.g., _1s, _50ms actionKey = “vmc::#{@cloud}::actions::action_set” etKey = “vmc::#{@cloud}::actions::times#{elapsedTimeBucket}” @redis.zincrby actionKey, 1, action @redis.zincrby etKey, 1, action end # enumerate actions and their associated count redis> zrange vmc::staging::actions::action_set 0 -‐1 withscores 1) “login” 2) “212092” 3) “info” 4) “212093” # enumerate actions that took between 400ms and 1s redis> zrange vmc::staging::actions::time_400_1s 0 -‐1 withscores 1) “create-‐app” 2) “14” 3) “bind-‐service” 4) “75” 68 developer perspective v2.0Tuesday, April 24, 12

redis incrby and expire for rate calcs # to calculate rates (e.g., 4,000 requests per second) # we use plain old redis.incrby. the trick is that the # key contains the current 1sec timestamp as it’s suffix value # all activity that happens within this 1s period accumulates # in that key. by setting an expire on the key, the key is # automatically deleted 10s after last write def logActionRate(cloud) tv = Time.now.tv_sec one_s_key = "vmc::#{cloud}::rate_1s::#{tv}" # increment the bucket and set expires, key # will eventually expires Ns after the last write @redis.incrby one_s_key, 1 @redis.expire one_s_key, 10 end # return current rate by looking at the bucket for the previous # one second period. by looking further back and averaging, we # can smooth the rate calc def actionRate(cloud) tv = Time.now.tv_sec -‐ 1 one_s_key = "vmc::#{cloud}::rate_1s::#{tv}" @redis.get one_s_key end 69 developer perspective v2.0Tuesday, April 24, 12

stac2 demo -or- screencast 70 developer perspective v2.0Tuesday, April 24, 12

Cloud Foundry Resources Primary Site : cloudfoundry.com Open Source Site : cloudfoundry.org Twitter : @cloudfoundry , hash tag #cfoundry Blog : blog.cloudfoundry.com FB : facebook.com/cloudfoundry Support : support.cloudfoundry.com • Documentation • Knowledge Base • Q & A / Forums We’re hiring: www.cloudfoundry.com/jobs 71Tuesday, April 24, 12

Community Oleg Zhurakousky Senior Software Engineer, SpringSource/VMware Twitter: @z_oleg 72Tuesday, April 24, 12

Questions 73Tuesday, April 24, 12 ?

Thank You! t @CloudFoundry t @chanezon Website : www.cloudfoundry.com Blog : blog.cloudfoundry.com Forum : support.cloudfoundry.comTuesday, April 24, 12

Books / Articles § Nick Carr, The Big Switch § Eric Raymond, The Art of Unix Programming § Weinberg, Psychology of Computer Programming § Wes python book § Mark html5 book § Kent Beck XP § Hunt, Thomas, The Pragmatic Programmer § Ade Oshineye, Apprenticeship Patterns § Matt Cutts Ignite Talk IO 2011, Trying different things § Josh Bloch talk about api design § Larry and Sergey, Anatomy of a Search Engine § Rob Pike, The Practice of Programming 75Tuesday, April 24, 12

Papers / Talks § Simon Wardley, Oscon 09 “Cloud - Why IT Matters” § Tim O’Reilly article on internet os § Peter Deutsch’s 8 Fallacies of Distributed Computing § Brewer’s CAP Theorem § Gregor Hohpe’s Starbucks Does Not Use Two-Phase Commit § Stuff I tag http://www.delicious.com/chanezon/ § More specifically http://www.delicious.com/chanezon/cloudfoundry § My previous Talks http://www.slideshare.net/chanezon § My list of favorite books http://www.chanezon.com/pat/soft_books.html 76Tuesday, April 24, 12

Acknowledgement § Drawings from my daughters Eliette § Slides from Dave McCrory, Derek Collison, Duke Leto § Haiku from Addiss, Stephen; Yamamoto, Fumiko; Yamamoto, Fumiko Y.; Yamamoto, Akira Y. (2011-06-22). Haiku: An Anthology of Japanese Poems (Shambhala Library) § Painting Hiroshige, Sengai 77Tuesday, April 24, 12

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Cloud Foundry OpenTour Kiev Keynote

by Patrick Chanezon on Apr 24, 2012

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Cloud Foundry OpenTour Kiev Keynote Presentation Transcript