Naming Compounds, cations and anions Visit www.teacherpowerpoints.com For 100’s of free powerpoints

Elements and symbols that you should know: Part 1 – The obvious ones: Hydrogen Helium Lithium Beryllium Boron Carbon Nitrogen Oxygen Fluorine Neon Magnesium Aluminium Silicon Phosphorus H He Li Be B C N O F Ne Mg Al Si P

Hydrogen

Helium

Lithium

Beryllium

Boron

Carbon

Nitrogen

Oxygen

Fluorine

Neon

Magnesium

Aluminium

Silicon

Phosphorus

Some more obvious ones: Sulphur Chlorine Argon 18) Calcium 19) Zinc The less obvious ones: Sodium Potassium Iron Copper Silver 6) Tin 7) Gold 8) Mercury 9) Lead S Cl Ar Ca Zn Na K Fe Cu Ag Sn Au Hg Pb

Sulphur

Chlorine

Argon

Sodium

Potassium

Iron

Copper

Silver

Polyatomic ions (-1 charge) H2PO4 DiHydrogen phosphate C2H3O2 Acetate HSO3 Hydrogen Sulfite HCO3 Hydrogen Carbonate NO2 Nitrite NO3 Nitrate CN Cyanide OH Hydroxide MnO4 Permanganate ClO Hypochlorite ClO2 Chlorite ClO3 Chlorate ClO4 Perchlorate

H2PO4 DiHydrogen phosphate

C2H3O2 Acetate

HSO3 Hydrogen Sulfite

HCO3 Hydrogen Carbonate

NO2 Nitrite

NO3 Nitrate

CN Cyanide

OH Hydroxide

MnO4 Permanganate

ClO Hypochlorite

ClO2 Chlorite

ClO3 Chlorate

ClO4 Perchlorate

Polyatomic ions (-2 charge) HPO4 Hydrogen Phosphate C2O4 Oxalate SO3 Sulfite SO4 Sulfate CO3 Carbonate CrO4 Chromate Cr2O7 Dichromate SiO3 Silicate

HPO4 Hydrogen Phosphate

C2O4 Oxalate

SO3 Sulfite

SO4 Sulfate

CO3 Carbonate

CrO4 Chromate

Cr2O7 Dichromate

SiO3 Silicate

Polyatomic ions (-3 charge) PO3 Phosphite PO4 Phosphate

PO3 Phosphite

PO4 Phosphate

Rule 1– If two identical elements combine then the name doesn’t change This happens with the following elements: H 2 N 2 O 2 F 2 Cl 2 Br 2 These elements always go around in pairs (diatomic molecules). For example, hydrogen looks like this:

This happens with the following elements:

H 2

N 2

O 2

F 2

Cl 2

Br 2

Rule 2 – When two elements join and one is a halogen, oxygen or sulphur the name ends with ____ide e.g. Magnesium + oxygen magnesium oxide Sodium + chlorine Magnesium + fluorine Lithium + iodine Chlorine + copper Oxygen + iron KBr LiCl CaO MgS KF

Sodium + chlorine

Magnesium + fluorine

Lithium + iodine

Chlorine + copper

Oxygen + iron

KBr

LiCl

CaO

MgS

KF

Potassium + hydrogen + oxygen Lithium + hydrogen + oxygen Calcium + hydrogen + oxygen Mg(OH) 2 Rule 3 – When three or more elements combine and two of them are hydrogen and oxygen the name ends with hydroxide e.g. Sodium + hydrogen + oxygen Sodium hydroxide

Potassium + hydrogen + oxygen

Lithium + hydrogen + oxygen

Calcium + hydrogen + oxygen

Mg(OH) 2

Rule 4 – When three or more elements combine and one of them is oxygen the ending is _____ate e.g. Copper + sulphur + oxygen Copper sulphate Calcium + carbon + oxygen Potassium + carbon + oxygen Calcium + sulphur + oxygen Magnesium + chlorine + oxygen Calcium + oxygen + nitrogen AgNO 3 H 2 SO 4 K 2 CO 3

Calcium + carbon + oxygen

Potassium + carbon + oxygen

Calcium + sulphur + oxygen

Magnesium + chlorine + oxygen

Calcium + oxygen + nitrogen

AgNO 3

H 2 SO 4

K 2 CO 3

Covalent formulae Ionic formulae H 2 O CO 2 NH 3 H 2 O 2 N 2 SO 2 Water Carbon dioxide Ammonia Hydrogen Oxygen Nitrogen Sulphur dioxide NaCl CaCl 2 MgO HCl H 2 SO 4 HNO 3 NaOH Ca(OH) 2 CaCO 3 Al 2 O 3 Fe 2 O 3 Sodium chloride Calcium chloride Magnesium oxide Hydrochloric acid Sulphuric acid Nitric acid Sodium hydroxide Calcium hydroxide Calcium carbonate Aluminium oxide Iron oxide