Year 12 Induction DNA Structure

The ‘ladder’ Uprights: alternate phosphate and deoxyribose molecules Rungs:organic bases

Uprights: alternate phosphate and deoxyribose molecules

Rungs:organic bases

The rungs 2 types of organic bases Purines: adenine and guanine Pyrimidines: cytosine and thymine A always with T G always with C

2 types of organic bases

Purines: adenine and guanine

Pyrimidines: cytosine and thymine

A always with T

G always with C

The coils The ladder is then twisted For each turn in the ladder there are 10 base pairs Infinite number of sequences of base pairs

The ladder is then twisted

For each turn in the ladder there are 10 base pairs

Infinite number of sequences of base pairs

How does DNA control life Each section of DNA with 3 base pairs is called a codon. Each codon codes for a single amino acid Protein molecules are made from these amino acids We are made up of protein molecules Enzymes are proteins: all our activities are controlled by enzymes

Each section of DNA with 3 base pairs is called a codon.

Each codon codes for a single amino acid

Protein molecules are made from these amino acids

We are made up of protein molecules

Enzymes are proteins: all our activities are controlled by enzymes