C5 Chemicals of the natural environment

Question 1 The atoms in molecules are held together by Strong covalent bonds Weak covalent bonds Weak hydrogen bonds Strong metallic bonds

The atoms in molecules are held together by

Strong covalent bonds

Weak covalent bonds

Weak hydrogen bonds

Strong metallic bonds

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Question 2 The attractive forces between molecules are weak, so that small molecules are often Liquids Gases Solids Molecules

The attractive forces between molecules are weak, so that small molecules are often

Liquids

Gases

Solids

Molecules

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Question 3 Water is a compound with small molecules that is a liquid which makes up most of the Hydrosphere Lithosphere Biosphere Atmosphere

Water is a compound with small molecules that is a liquid which makes up most of the

Hydrosphere

Lithosphere

Biosphere

Atmosphere

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Question 4 Molecular compounds do not conduct electricity because their molecules are Charged Dry Wet Not charged

Molecular compounds do not conduct

electricity because their molecules are

Charged

Dry

Wet

Not charged

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Question 5 Living things are mainly made up from molecular compounds containing the following elements with small amounts of other elements Carbon, magnesium, oxygen and nitrogen Phosphorus, magnesium, oxygen and Iron Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen Carbon, nitrogen, argon and oxygen

Living things are mainly made up from molecular compounds containing the following elements with small amounts of other elements

Carbon, magnesium, oxygen and nitrogen

Phosphorus, magnesium, oxygen and Iron

Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen

Carbon, nitrogen, argon and oxygen

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Question 6 Starch, proteins and DNA consists of Short chain molecules Medium chain molecules Many chains of molecules Long-chain molecules

Starch, proteins and DNA consists of

Short chain molecules

Medium chain molecules

Many chains of molecules

Long-chain molecules

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Question 7 Compounds made of metals and non-metals have Dwarf ionic structures Giant ionic structures Tall ionic structures Monster ionic structures

Compounds made of metals and non-metals have

Dwarf ionic structures

Giant ionic structures

Tall ionic structures

Monster ionic structures

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Question 8 Ionic compounds have --------------- because of the strong attraction between them Low melting points Medium melting points High melting points No melting points

Ionic compounds have --------------- because of the strong attraction between them

Low melting points

Medium melting points

High melting points

No melting points

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Question 9 Ionic compounds conduct electricity when molten or dissolved in water because Their ions are not free to move They are made of ions They are salts Their ions are free to move

Ionic compounds conduct electricity when molten or dissolved in water because

Their ions are not free to move

They are made of ions

They are salts

Their ions are free to move

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Question 10 Salts are ionic compounds: some occur as minerals in the lithosphere and some dissolve in water, Making the atmosphere salty Making the sea salty Making the biosphere Making the lithosphere salty

Salts are ionic compounds: some occur as minerals in the lithosphere and some dissolve in water,

Making the atmosphere salty

Making the sea salty

Making the biosphere

Making the lithosphere salty

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Question 11 Silicon dioxide and diamond have giant covalent structures with atoms held together in An irregular network with weak bonds A regular network with weak bonds An irregular network with strong bonds A regular network with strong bonds

Silicon dioxide and diamond have giant covalent structures with atoms held together in

An irregular network with weak bonds

A regular network with weak bonds

An irregular network with strong bonds

A regular network with strong bonds

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Question 12 Chemicals with giant covalent structures have high melting points and Dissolve in water Do not dissolve in water Conduct electricity Have free ions

Chemicals with giant covalent structures have high melting points and

Dissolve in water

Do not dissolve in water

Conduct electricity

Have free ions

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Question 13 Giant structures do not conduct electricity because there are Free electrons or ions No free electrons or ions Negative and positive ions A sea of electrons

Giant structures do not conduct electricity because there are

Free electrons or ions

No free electrons or ions

Negative and positive ions

A sea of electrons

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Question 14 Much of the lithosphere is made of giant covalent structures based on Silicon, oxygen etc including Aluminium Nitrogen, oxygen etc including Aluminium Iron, oxygen, etc including Aluminium Magnesium, oxygen and Aluminium

Much of the lithosphere is made of giant covalent structures based on

Silicon, oxygen etc including Aluminium

Nitrogen, oxygen etc including Aluminium

Iron, oxygen, etc including Aluminium

Magnesium, oxygen and Aluminium

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Question 15 All metal structures have ------------------- of metal atoms A small structure A giant structure An ionic structure A covalent structure

All metal structures have ------------------- of metal atoms

A small structure

A giant structure

An ionic structure

A covalent structure

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Question 16 The metallic bonding between the atoms are Strong Weak Average Black

The metallic bonding between the atoms are

Strong

Weak

Average

Black

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Question 17 Metals conduct electricity when solid and when molten because the bonding electrons Are free to move Are not free to move Are connected to a plug Have a socket

Metals conduct electricity when solid and when molten because the bonding electrons

Are free to move

Are not free to move

Are connected to a plug

Have a socket

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Question 18 In a metal crystal, there are positively charged ions held closely together by --------------------- that are free to move A sea of protons A sea of neutrons A sea of electrons A sea of ions

In a metal crystal, there are positively charged ions held closely together by --------------------- that are free to move

A sea of protons

A sea of neutrons

A sea of electrons

A sea of ions

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Question 19 Electrolysis turns Ions back to atoms Atoms back to ions Liquid into solid Gas into liquid

Electrolysis turns

Ions back to atoms

Atoms back to ions

Liquid into solid

Gas into liquid

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Question 20 Electrolysis splits an ionic compound and turns it back into its elements, so it can be Used to extract metals from their ores Used to turn elements to compounds Used to extract gold from a river Used to turn copper to silver

Electrolysis splits an ionic compound and turns it back into its elements, so it can be

Used to extract metals from their ores

Used to turn elements to compounds

Used to extract gold from a river

Used to turn copper to silver

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Question 21 At a negative electrode, positive metal ions gain electrons and Become metal atoms Become metal ions Become non metal atoms Become non metal ions

At a negative electrode, positive metal ions gain electrons and

Become metal atoms

Become metal ions

Become non metal atoms

Become non metal ions

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Question 22 At the negative electrode, negative ions lose electrons and turn back into Metal ions Non-metal ions Metal atoms Non-metal atoms

At the negative electrode, negative ions lose electrons and turn back into

Metal ions

Non-metal ions

Metal atoms

Non-metal atoms

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Question 23 The four Earth spheres are Bisphere , litosphere , hysphere & atmisphere Biosphere, lithosphere, hydrosphere & atmosphere Bilophere , limosphere , hiprosphere & almosphere Bitsphere , lihosphere , hidosphere & atmosphere

The four Earth spheres are

Bisphere , litosphere , hysphere & atmisphere

Biosphere, lithosphere, hydrosphere & atmosphere

Bilophere , limosphere , hiprosphere & almosphere

Bitsphere , lihosphere , hidosphere & atmosphere

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Question 24 This sphere is broken into giant plates that fit around the globe like puzzle pieces. Biosphere Hydrosphere Lithosphere Atmosphere

This sphere is broken into giant plates that fit around the globe like puzzle pieces.

Biosphere

Hydrosphere

Lithosphere

Atmosphere

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Question 25 The oceans and rivers make up the Biosphere Hydrosphere Lithosphere Atmosphere

The oceans and rivers make up the

Biosphere

Hydrosphere

Lithosphere

Atmosphere

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Question 26 There are living things in the seas, rivers, land and soil. Scientist call the sphere of life encasing the planet, Biosphere Hydrosphere Lithosphere Atmosphere

There are living things in the seas, rivers, land and soil. Scientist call the sphere of life encasing the planet,

Biosphere

Hydrosphere

Lithosphere

Atmosphere

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Question 27 This is the layer of air wrapped around the Earth keeping it warm like a big fluffy duvet Biosphere Hydrosphere Lithosphere Atmosphere

This is the layer of air wrapped around the Earth keeping it warm like a big fluffy duvet

Biosphere

Hydrosphere

Lithosphere

Atmosphere

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Question 28 The percentage of Nitrogen in the air is 21 1 78 0.03

The percentage of Nitrogen in the air is

21

1

78

0.03

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Question 29 The percentage of carbon dioxide in the air is 21 1 78 0.03

The percentage of carbon dioxide in the air is

21

1

78

0.03

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Question 30 The percentage of argon in the air is 21 1 78 0.03

The percentage of argon in the air is

21

1

78

0.03

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Question 31 The percentage of oxygen in the air is 21 1 78 0.03

The percentage of oxygen in the air is

21

1

78

0.03

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Question 32 The chemicals of the atmosphere are gases at normal temperature so they have A high boiling and low melting point A high melting and high boiling point A low boiling and high melting point A low melting and low boiling point

The chemicals of the atmosphere are gases at normal temperature so they have

A high boiling and low melting point

A high melting and high boiling point

A low boiling and high melting point

A low melting and low boiling point

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Question 33 The chemicals of the air are similar because they are all non-metallic elements or are Compounds of metallic elements Compounds of non-metallic elements Compounds made of carbon & oxygen Compounds made of hydrogen & argon

The chemicals of the air are similar because they are all non-metallic elements or are

Compounds of metallic elements

Compounds of non-metallic elements

Compounds made of carbon & oxygen

Compounds made of hydrogen & argon

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Question 34 Most of the chemicals in the atmosphere are made of small molecules. Only noble gases Exist as single atoms Exist as two atoms Exists as three atoms Exists as four atoms

Most of the chemicals in the atmosphere are made of small molecules. Only noble gases

Exist as single atoms

Exist as two atoms

Exists as three atoms

Exists as four atoms

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Question 35 Gases of the atmosphere have low melting & boiling points because attractive forces Between molecules are weak Between atoms are weak Between molecules are strong Between atoms are strong

Gases of the atmosphere have low melting & boiling points because attractive forces

Between molecules are weak

Between atoms are weak

Between molecules are strong

Between atoms are strong

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Question 36 The H – H bond is a Single bond Double bond Triple bond Similar bond

The H – H bond is a

Single bond

Double bond

Triple bond

Similar bond

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Question 37 The O = O bond is A single bond A double bond A triple bond An equal bond

The O = O bond is

A single bond

A double bond

A triple bond

An equal bond

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Question 38 The bond between carbon and oxygen is a Single bond Double bond Triple bond Equal bond

The bond between carbon and oxygen is a

Single bond

Double bond

Triple bond

Equal bond

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Question 39 The usual number of covalent bonds for carbon is 4, and nitrogen 4 2 1 3

The usual number of covalent bonds for carbon is 4, and nitrogen

4

2

1

3

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Question 40 The molecule of hydrogen is held together by the ------------ between the two nuclei and the shared pair of electrons. Magnetic attraction Electrostatic attraction Electromagnet attraction Static attraction

The molecule of hydrogen is held together by the ------------ between the two nuclei and the shared pair of electrons.

Magnetic attraction

Electrostatic attraction

Electromagnet attraction

Static attraction

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Question 41 The number of bonds an element can form depends on The inner shell The outer shell The nucleus The middle shell

The number of bonds an element can form depends on

The inner shell

The outer shell

The nucleus

The middle shell

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Question 42 The co in covalent means together or joint while valentia is latin for strength. So a covalent Bond has strength by not sharing Bond has strength by sharing Bond has strength from metals Bond is weak

The co in covalent means together or joint while valentia is latin for strength. So a covalent

Bond has strength by not sharing

Bond has strength by sharing

Bond has strength from metals

Bond is weak

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You have finally beaten the 42 question challenge on chemicals of the environment.

Well done! But keep playing it’s the easiest way to learn.

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