John Beddington Keynote speech at Agriculture and Rural Development Day (ARDD) 2011

What does the science say? Mobilising sustainable agriculture to meet food security challenges Sir John Beddington, Chair Commission on Sustainable Agriculture and Climate Change Agriculture & Rural Development Day 2011 – Durban, South Africa

Key challenges Asia Africa Source: UNPD, 2011 Nature, October 2011, 478, 300-‐301

Key challenges Hunger Water Availability Currently 884 million people lack access to clean water Water availability Land degradaGon: 1.5 billion Weather: 7.5 billion USD lost depend on degrading land to extreme weather in 2010 Poverty: 1.4 billion live Waste: 1.3 billion tonnes on <USD1.25 / day of food wasted each year

Commission on Sustainable Agriculture and Climate Change §  Recent assessments make a compelling case for acCon now §  13 scienCsts from around the world §  Aim: idenCfy and promote policy acCons to achieve sustainable agriculture, food security and poverty reducCon while delivering climate change adaptaCon and miCgaCon §  Evidence-‐based policy recommendaCons

Seven recommendaGons Concrete, urgent acCons by governments, insCtuCons, investors, agricultural producers, consumers, food companies, researchers Photo: P. Casier (CCAFS) 3

Photo: N. Palmer (CIAT) Recommenda<on 1: Integrate food security and sustainable agriculture into global and naGonal policies •  Establish a work programme on miCgaCon and adaptaCon •  Finance early acCon to drive change in agricultural producCon systems (to increase resilience and miCgate climate change •  Develop common plaOorms at global, regional and naConal levels for coherent dialogue and policy acCon

Example: Brazil •  Major global food producer with 70% of emissions from deforestaCon, land use change •  Integrated approach to land use policy Ø Poverty reduced from 20% in 2004 to 7% in 2010 •  Target: Reduce Amazon deforestaCon by 80% by 2015 Ø Ecological and economic zoning plans plus satellite monitoring to ﬁght illegal logging and balance compeCng land uses •  2008 NaConal Climate Change Plan •  Forest Code: forest cover in rural areas

Photo: N. Palmer (CIAT) Recommenda<on 2: Signiﬁcantly raise the level of global investment in sustainable agriculture and food systems in the next decade •  Implement and strengthen G8 L’Aquila commitments to sustainable agriculture and food security •  Enable ﬁnance mechanisms to prioriCse sustainable agriculture programmes. Eg UNFCC Fast Start funding •  Increase knowledge of best pracCces and access to innovaCon •  eg, supporCng revitalised extension services

Photo: Gates FoundaCon Example: Kenya •  1/3 undernourished; 4/5 depend on agriculture for livelihoods •  Poverty among smallholder dairy producers •  More eﬃcient producCon and improved access to markets can boost smallholder livelihoods and meet increasing food demand •  East Africa Dairy Development Project: improve access to markets and reduce post-‐harvest losses •  Store and chill milk at collecCon hubs •  Training and business associaCons •  Breeding technologies and nutriCon pracCces

Photo: E.Phipps (CIMMYT) Recommenda<on 3: Sustainably intensify agricultural producGon while reducing greenhouse gas emissions and other negaGve environmental impacts of agriculture •  Develop and facilitate mulC-‐beneﬁt farming systems. •  Introduce strategies for minimising ecosystem degradaCon. •  Empower marginalised food producers to increase producCvity. •  Couple economic incenCves for sustainable intensiﬁcaCon with strengthening governance of land tenure, for example.

Example: China •  Agricultural GDP growing ~6% and R&D spending increasing ~10% annually •  7 people out of poverty for each US$1500 invested •  Chemical ferClizers (383.6 kg/ha) add to GHG emissions •  NaConal Plan for the ConstrucCon of ProtecCon of CulCvaCon Projects •  To cover 2.7 million/ha 2009-‐2015 •  1.7 billion cubic meters of irrigaCon water saved •  1.6 million severely degraded hectares of land reseeded •  Strategies to promote low-‐emission, high-‐yield rice breeds

Photo: UNDP Recommenda<on 4: Target populaGons and sectors that are most vulnerable to climate change and food insecurity •  Develop funds that respond to climate shocks, such as ‘index-‐ linked funds’ that provide rapid relief from extreme weather events •  Share country informaCon on producCon forecasts and stocks •  Create safety nets to help vulnerable populaCons become food secure •  Harmonise and coordinate global donor programmes

Photo: Trees for the Future Example: Ethiopia •  Produc>ve Safety Net Program: Cash transfers for work by chronically food insecure populaCons •  Combined internaConal donor funding of over USD 1.27 billion (over six years) •  ~1.3 million made food secure •  Growth in livestock holdings •  9 million ha rehabilitated •  Bemer access to clean water •  Increase in school amendance

Photo: L Cheung (USDA) Recommenda<on 5: Reshape food access and consumpGon paWerns to ensure basic nutriGonal needs are met and to foster healthy and sustainable eaGng habits worldwide •  Harmonise development policy and coordinate regional programmes •  Promote posiCve diets through innovaCve educaCon campaigns and economic incenCves •  Evidence-‐based sustainability metrics and standards to monitor and evaluate food security, nutriCon and health and provide consumers clear labelling

Example: France •  4/10 adults overweight or obese •  In 2004, legislaCon introduced requiring adverCsements for processed food and drink to include health informaCon •  Levies on companies that opt out used for health prevenCon and educaCon (1.5 % of adverCsing budget) •  In 2007, legislaCon was amended to require health messages to emphasise eaCng fruits and vegetables

Photo: K Robinson (Panos) Recommenda<on 6: Reduce loss and waste in food systems, parGcularly from infrastructure, farming pracGces, processing, distribuGon and household habits •  Sustainable agriculture development programmes with components on reducing waste •  Economic innovaCon to enable low-‐income producers to store food •  Promote dialogue and convene working partnerships across food supply chains

Example: United Kingdom •  On farm losses: Worldwide need for bemer control of pests and diseases Ø eg, “Push-‐pull” companion planCng strategies developed by scienCsts at Rothamsted Research in collaboraCon with ICIPE and KARI, Kenya to control stem borer moths in maize and sorghum crops in Eastern Africa •  Post farm losses: 18% of GHG emissions linked to food supply chains; ~22% of household food and drink is wasted Ø WRAP worked with grocery sector on large-‐scale consumer-‐ facing campaigns (eg, Love Food Hate Waste) Ø 670 000 tonnes of food waste diverted from landﬁlls, saving £600 million/year

Photo: N. Palmer (CIAT) Recommenda<on 7: Create comprehensive, shared, integrated informaGon systems that encompass human and ecological dimensions •  Sustain and increase investment in regular monitoring •  Support improved transparency and access to informaCon in global food markets •  Enable policy-‐makers to navigate trade-‐oﬀs among agricultural intensiﬁcaCon, nutriConal security and environmental consequences

Example: Australia Photo: M Castley, Private Forests Tasmania •  Australian agriculture, including land clearing, accounts for 25 % of its GHG emissions •  Climate change and water over-‐ allocaCon threatens agricultural producCon •  Bureau of Meteorology and CSIRO help farmers prepare: •  Seasonal Climate Outlooks with detailed forecasts •  Risk assessments and longer-‐term climate projecCons •  Australia’s Farming Futures programme provides informaCon, training and support to help farmers adapt to climate change

A safe The climate change that is likely in relaCon to various levels of operaGng food producCon space for Food needed to feed the global food producCon (kcal x1015/y) world populaCon, including the food waste and inequity of access Safe system Space projected future posiCon on current trends present posiCon The maximum food producCon under diﬀerent levels of climate change global mean warming (°C)

Relevance of Commission ﬁndings to global processes §  UNFCCC [RecommendaCon 1] Ø Work programme on agricultural miCgaCon and adaptaCon Ø Finance ‘early acCon’ towards resilience and miCgaCon in agricultural producCon systems Ø PrioriCze sustainable agriculture for UNFCCC Fast Start funding as well as major development banks and other global ﬁnance mechanisms §  Rio+20 Earth Summit §  G20

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John Beddington Keynote speech at Agriculture and Rural Development Day (ARDD) 2011

by CCAFS | CGIAR program - Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security on Dec 07, 2011

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John Beddington Keynote speech at Agriculture and Rural Development Day (ARDD) 2011 — Presentation Transcript