Chapter 13.1: Types of Mixtures

Solutions
Chapter 13.1
Objectives:
Distinguish between heterogeneous and homogeneous mixtures.
List three different solute-solvent combinations
Compare the properties of suspensions, colloids, and solutions.
Distinguish between electrolytes and nonelectrolytes

Types of Mixtures
Soil
Can see all components
Rocks
Decomposed animal and plant parts
Milk
Does not appear to be a mixture
Fats, proteins, sugar, and water
Salt water
Looks just like water
Tastes like salt water

Heterogeneous mixture
Does not appear uniform throughout
Milk and soil
Homogeneous mixture
Appear s the same throughout
Salt water

Solutions
Soluble:
Capable of being dissolved
Sugar cube in water
Solution
Homogeneous mixture of two or more substances in a single phase
Same composition and properties throughout
Components of solutions
Solvent –
Dissolving medium (Larger amount)
Solute
Substance dissolved in solution (Smaller amount)

Types of Solutions
Can exist on all three phases
Gas, liquid, solid
Solute State Solvent State Example
Gas gas oxygen in air
Gas liquid oxygen in water
Liquid gas water in air
Liquid liquid alcohol in water
Liquid solid mercury in silver(dental filling)
Solid liquid sugar in water
Solid solid copper in nickel
Alloy:
solution of different metals, keeping only desirable properties

Suspensions
Definition:
Particles in a solvent are so large that they settle out unless the mixture is constantly stirred or agitated
Example:
Muddy water
Particles that are much larger (over 1000 times larger) form suspensions
Separated with
Filters
Will settle out due to gravity
Muddy water

Colloids
Defined as:
Particle that are intermediate in size between those in solutions and suspensions .
Particles between 1 nm to 1000 nm
Too small to be seen, but are suspended
Tyndell Effect
Light is scattered by colloidal particles

Solutes: Electrolytes vs. Nonelectrolytes
Electrolyte :
Substance that dissolves in water to give a solution that conducts electric current
Examples :
Sodium Chloride (ionic), HCl ( polar molecule)
Nonelectrolyte :
Substance that dissolves in water to give a solution that does not conduct an electric current
Examples :
Sugar solution (nonpolar molecule)

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Chapter 13.1: Types of Mixtures

by Chris Foltz on Apr 06, 2010

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Chapter 13.1: Types of Mixtures — Presentation Transcript