1. The document discusses understanding the role of damage mechanisms and kinematics in large landslides.
2. Damage occurs both externally in the slope and internally through fracturing, and there are various types of damage related to factors like slope geometry and lithology.
3. Kinematics influence the failure mechanism and volume, and both damage and kinematics must be considered and modeled to understand landslide mechanics.
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9oct mechanics large-landslides5
1. Simon Fraser University
Engineering Geology and Resource Geotechnics
Research Group
Understanding the Mechanics
of Large Landslides
Doug Stead, Simon Fraser University
and
Erik Eberhardt, University of British Columbia
2. Outline
1. What is the role of damage mechanisms in
large landslides?
2. What is the role of kinematics in large
landslides?
3. How can we model damage and kinematics
effectively in large landslides?
SFU
3. St Jouin Bruneval July 2013
VIDEO-FRACTOGRAPHY – a window on damage and kinematics
15. Release Surface: Questions
TYPE
INFLUENCE ON MECHANISM – DAMAGE/MOVEMENT DIRECTION
INFLUENCE ON VOLUME (Runout)
IS 2D OR 3D ANALYSIS
REQUIRED ?
PERSISTENCE-SPACING CONSIDERATIONS – Rock bridges?
GEOMORPHIC RELEASE – LANDFORM EVOLUTION
INFLUENCE OF EXCAVATION
GROUNDWATER/IN-SITU STRESS
SFU
17. Modelling Damage and Kinematics
TOOLBOX
SELECTION OF
MODEL TYPE
LIMIT
2D or 3D ?
CONTINUUM
HYBRID
DISCONTINUUM
EQUILIBRIUM
“Adapt the model to the problem NOT the problem
to the model”
“Large Landslides are an Energy-Damage System”
SFU
21. Importance of Kinematics – Vajont
Prandtl Zone
Models stable unless:
• block size decreases
kinematic release
• internal deformation is allowed
internal strain accommodation
2D – Phase2
Wolter et al. 2013
Prandtl Zone
3D – 3DEC
3D – Slope Model
SFU
22. Slope Model Damage Simulation - Vajont
• Point cloud (airborne LiDAR) derived geometry
• Discontinuity sets are derived from photogrammetry and field
mapping
• Groundwater is considered implicitly (i.e. decreased friction
angle) and explicitly
Wolter et al. 2013
SLOPE MODEL: Point-masses
connected by Springs
SFU
22
Cundall, 2011
27. Conclusions
1. Damage is a fundamental component of the mechanics of
large landslides
2. Extensive records exist of external damage
3. More limited data on internal damage but recognized as
extremely important (a “damage front” concept)
4. It is important to consider the inter-relationships between
failure kinematics and brittle rock fracture in rock slopes
5. Preliminary work show possible relationships between
deformation and rock bridge fracture.
6. Improved characterization of large landslides should
combine and fully utilize the latest developments in
remote sensing-monitoring and modelling technologies.
SFU