12. How did the town plan work?
✤ Jungles were cleared for plantations (gambier, rubber)
✤ Different races to be segregated
✤ Chinese were separated according to their dialect group
✤ kapitan to be appointed to take charge of internal affairs of each
community
✤ John Crawfurd undertook the town plan after Raffles left in 1823
13. Singapore Town Plan, 1822
✤ Chinatown
✤ Commercial Square (centre of commerce activities)
✤ Chulia Kampong
✤ European Town (Big houses and tree-lined roads)
✤ Kampong Bugis
14. Contributions of
✤ Europeans
✤ set up big trading companies and agency houses
✤ sold goods through Chinese middlemen (Straits-born Chinese)
15. Contributions of
✤ Chinese
✤ unskilled labourers working at docks and construction sites
✤ Straits Chinese (Middle-men/ coolie agents) provided support
services
16. Contributions of
✤ Malay
✤ provided basic necessities
✤ gardeners and huntsmen
✤ shipbuilders
17. Contributions of
✤ Indians
✤ labourers carrying cargoes at docks, clearing jungles
✤ Chettiars provided banking and transportation services (till 1860s)
✤
18. Social Impacts
✤ Situation of the immigrants:
✤ Poor and diseased
✤ abused as coolies in the slave trade
✤ secret societies
✤ opium smoking
19. Social Impacts
✤ Tan Tock Seng, Syed Mohamed bin Alsagoff
✤ philanthropy acts
✤ Paupers’ Hospital on Pearl’s Hill, 1844
✤ Thong Chai Medical Institution, 1867
20. Social Impacts
✤ Christian missionaries from Europe and America set up schools
✤ Chinese Girls’ School (St. Margaret’s School)