2. Overview Art is fundamental, visual, and developmental Contributions to the developmental domains Physical Cognitive Social and emotional Language Perceptual
3. Children’s Developmental Stages in Art Infants and toddlers Sensory experience Consider safety and appropriateness of materials Children use entire bodies to interact with materials Enjoyment comes from exploration Transitions into and out of art activities are important Flexibility is needed both inside and outside Scribbling begins early Do not expect finished art products
4. Children’s Developmental Stages in Art Preschoolers and kindergartners Kellogg’s “20 Basic Scribbles” Placement stage Shape and design stage Pictorial stage Child creates in order to make sense of his or her world May tear up work while involved in the process Children enjoy using their imaginations Continued exploration and manipulation Consider safety and appropriateness of materials
5. Children’s Developmental Stages in Art (continued) Five- to eight-year-olds More serious and focused Realistic color and proportion emerge Careful planning is part of the process Opinion of adult becomes important Child thinks art must be recognizable in both content and subject Individual, creative, and cultural differences emerge
6. Teacher as Facilitator and Observer Do not focus on the outcome or product—focus on the process Facilitate and observe Provide space, materials, and time Do not evaluate, judge, etc., art work or try to elicit responses Use ART TALK Always try materials and activities first before introducing them to the children Model appropriate use of materials and implements
7. Creating an Environment for Creative Expression and Experimentation Children learn by active manipulation of objects and interactions with people Workbooks, coloring books, dittos, patterns, and teacher-made models are not appropriate
8. General Guidelines in the Art Center The art center should be free choice Art should not be done in large groups The art center needs Space, materials, time To be safe and an easy cleanup Balance art activities Familiar with new Messy with clean Indoor and outdoor Large and small muscle
9. Guidance Guidelines in Art Center Planning Goals and objectives Rules Guide children toward responsibility Limits Messy is okay Types of materials Dependent on development and ages of children
10. Use of Food in Art Projects Considerations Expense Cultural sensitivity Self-regulation skills of toddlers Food products such as flour, cornstarch, salt, and food coloring are acceptable Alternative choices
12. Aesthetic Environment Being artistic does not just mean making art, it also means developing a sense of aesthetics How Recognize beauty, inside and out Pay attention to and use details of color, shape, patterns, and texture Use books with all types of illustrations Display fine art Have a children’s museum with a curator Use light in interesting ways
14. How Art Activities Can Support Development Tearing, cutting, and gluing Help small muscle development Provide tactile experiences Painting Encourages language development Helps with judgment of spatial relationships Develops form perception Allows for the coordinated use of many muscles Provides opportunities for manipulation and experimentation
15. How Art Activities Can Support Development(continued) Crayons, markers, and chalk Provide excellent prewriting experiences Three-dimensional materials Encourage exploration Help children release emotional tensions and frustrations
16. Art across the Curriculum Connect art to everything you do Encourage the use of art vocabulary Combine art and math on a regular basis Use art to explore scientific principles Art is multimodal and multisensory learning
17. Sharing Art with Families Help families understand why art is important Explain stages of art development Encourage art to happen in the home environment Suggest materials, spaces, and togetherness
18. Art and Special Needs Children Art is open-ended, so it can accommodate the needs of all children Adaptations Art center Materials Implements
19. Tips for Displaying Children’s Art Display art in the classroom Display art at the children’s eye-level Change the art displays frequently Create a children’s museum display Display all creations, not just the best Use different methods to display art work
20. Technology Art can be enhanced by the use of Overhead projectors Cameras Photocopiers Videotapes Computer technology
21. Developmentally Appropriate and Multicultural/Anti-Bias Activities Self-awareness and self-expression activities Sharing other cultures Suggested activities
22. Observation, Assessment, and Evaluation Use art portfolios Establish a routine for selection Teacher can choose items to be included Make notes to accompany the work Children can choose Take photos of work too large or fragile to be included
