1. Alkanes

2. Alkanes
General Formula
CnH2n+2

Methane CH4

Pentane C5H12

Ethane C2H6

Hexane C6H14

Propane C3H8

Heptane C7H16

Butane C4H10

Octane C8H18

3. Alkanes

Alkanes are saturated hydrocarbons, as all
bonds in alkane molecules are single bonds

4. Methane CH4

5. Ethane C2H6

6. Propane C3H8

7. Butane C4H10

8. Pentane C5H12

9. Alkanes

Alkane molecules
are tetrahedral, e.g.
propane

10. Physical properties



Physical state: The first four alkanes are
gases, while pentane and higher alkanes are
liquids
Insoluble in water
Soluble in non-polar solvents such as
cyclohexane

11. Uses


Used as fuels
Petrol, diesel, LPG and natural gas are all
mixtures of alkanes