Accident Factors in Sport Aviation: Epidemiology for Ultralights and Gyroplanes in the US for the Last 20 Years

Quick Overview
Quick introduction
Short results overview
Focus for the future
Take Questions

Sport Aviation
General aviation for recreational purposes
Small aircraft
Important distinctions:
Privately owned
Privately maintained
Relaxed regulations

This Project
Main focus: Active and latent failures
Adapted from Reason (1990)’s Swiss Cheese Model of Human Error

This Project
Epidemiology of accident factors
Source: US NTSB* accident reports from 1985 to 2005 (20 years)
Form data
Narrative data - active/latent failures
Statistics: Pearson’s χ² on 2x2 Crosstabs
Aircraft studied: ultralights and gyroplanes
* United States National Transportation Safety Board

Light Sport Aircraft
1 or 2 seats
Single Rotax engine
Under 680 kg
Max. airspeed: 120 knots (220 km/h)

Individual Results 61.4% 55.2% % Pilots with less than 40 make/model hours 48.2% 14.9% % Pilot error involved 54.5% 38.8% % Loss of control 34.5% 46.3% % Aircraft destroyed 40% 34.3% % Fatal Accidents 220 67 N Gyroplanes Ultralights

Significant Relationships
Pilots with less than 40 make/model hours:
Lost control significantly more often
Died significantly more often
Destroyed their aircraft significantly more often
Pilot error
Significant highest latent failure involved in loss of control
Most frequent latent failure by far in both samples

What’s Next?
Ask why
Ask what
Develop an analysis framework
Conduct same research again
Determine organizational factors

Questions?

References - Thank you!
Howell, D. C. (2002). Statistical Methods for Psychology (5th ed.). Duxbury: Pacific Grove.
Markowski, M. A. (1982). Ultralight Aircraft: The Basic Handbook of Ultralight Aviation (2nd ed.). Hummelstown: Ultralight Publications Inc.
National Transportation Safety Board. (2006). NTSB Aviation Accident Database Query [Electronic Version]. Retrieved 31 May 2006 from http://www.ntsb.gov/ntsb/query.asp.
Pagán, B., de Voogt, A. J., & van Doorn, R. R. A. (2006). Ultralight Aviation Accident Factors and Latent Failures: A 66-Case Study. Aviat Space Environ Med, 77 , 950-952.
Popular Rotorcraft Association Board of Directors. (2002). Safety Report: Gyroplane Accident Causes per NTSB Reports [Electronic Version]. Retrieved 17 May 2006 from http://www.pra.org/index.php?module=article&view=23.
Reason, J. (1990). Chapter 7: Latent errors and system disasters. In J. Reason (Ed.), Human error (pp. 173-216). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Wiegmann, D. A., & Shappell, S. A. (2001). Human Error Perspectives in Aviation. The International Journal of Aviation Psychology, 11 (4), 341–357.

Accident Factors in Sport Aviation: Epidemiology for Ultralights and Gyroplanes in the US for the Last 20 Years

by Brian Pagán on Jan 20, 2010

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