The 1987 Philippine Constitution: Article II
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Lecture slides for an undergraduate class on Philippine Politics and Governance I taught between 2003 and 2005. Outlined here is the declaration of state principles as reflected in Article II of of the 1987 Philippine Constitution. These slides were prepared using Powerpoint XP. ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ http://brianbelen.blogspot.com http://brianbelen.wordpress.com
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The 1987 Philippine Constitution: Article II
- 1. Declaration of Principles and State Policies
- 4. PRINCIPLES
- 9. POLICIES
- 15. - end -
Editor's Notes
- Learning Objectives: 1.) To become familiar with the content of Article II of the 1987 Philippine Constitution 2.) To understand the principles that underlie the policies of the Philippines state (as embodied in the 1987 Constitution) 3.) To understand key concepts in the study of politics as manifested in Article II of the 1987 Philippine Constitution
- Section 1 reaffirms the democratic nature of the Philippine government. - Bill of rights - Majority rule - Rule of law - Periodic elections - Separation of powers/checks and balances - Etc. Republicanism – set of arrangements whereby state policy is formulated for the people by their representatives. Sovereignty: The section clearly states that the basis of sovereignty is the people’s will, and thus the people have “the right to constitute their own government, to change it, and to define its jurisdiction and powers.” Section 1 is also the basis for the people’s right to revolt under extreme circumstances
- Renunciation of War Consistent with the United Nations Charter Refers explicitly to military offensives, not defensive wars International law Binds the Philippines to honor, respect and enforce the generally accepted principles of international law Treaties, bilateral agreements, memoranda of understanding, etc. All these form part of the law of the land; however, in all cases the constitution will always take precedence Peace, equality, etc. - The Philippines is a nice country… -
- Section 3 expresses the underlying principles governing the Armed Forces of the Philippines (AFP) AFP = Army, Air Force, Marines, Navy, etc. Civilian Authority > Military Authority Basic characteristic of a republican system; this principle is meant to safeguard the country against a military dictatorship (esp. because the military has the arms to force the population into submission) Finds its highest expression in the fact that the President of the Philippines (a civilian) is the Commander in Chief of the Armed Forces of the Philippines AFP as protector of the people and the state Section 3 clearly outlines the role of the AFP in the context of the Philippine government This is also the principle for the professionalism of the AFP (i.e. a non-partisan entity) “… to secure the sovereignty of the State…” This clause clearly outlines the objectives of the AFP in fulfilling its mandate as protector of the people and the state.