6. amo amare amavi amatus
Perfect
amatus –a –um, sum amati –ae –a, sumus
es estis
est sunt
Pluperfect
amatus –a –um, eram amati –ae –a, eramus
eras eratis
erat erant
Future Perfect
amatus –a –um, ero amati –ae –a, erimus
eris eritis
erit erunt
10. moneo monēre monui monitus
Perfect
monitus –a –um, sum moniti –ae –a, sumus
es estis
est sunt
Pluperfect
monitus –a –um, eram moniti –ae –a, eramus
eras eratis
erat erant
Future Perfect
monitus –a –um, ero moniti –ae –a, erimus
eris eritis
erit erunt
14. rego regere rexi rectus
Perfect
rectus –a –um, sum recti –ae –a, sumus
es estis
est sunt
Pluperfect
rectus –a –um, eram recti –ae –a, eramus
eras eratis
erat erant
Future Perfect
rectus –a –um, ero recti –ae –a, erimus
eris eritis
erit erunt
18. audio audire audivi auditus
Perfect
auditus –a –um, sum auditi –ae –a, sumus
es estis
est sunt
Pluperfect
auditus –a –um, eram auditi –ae –a, eramus
eras eratis
erat erant
Future Perfect
auditus –a –um, ero auditi –ae –a, erimus
eris eritis
erit erunt
22. capio capere cepi captus
Perfect
captus –a –um, sum capti –ae –a, sumus
es estis
est sunt
Pluperfect
captus –a –um, eram capti –ae –a, eramus
eras eratis
erat erant
Future Perfect
captus –a –um, ero capti –ae –a, erimus
eris eritis
erit erunt
27. Recitation
SIngular
M F N
acer acris acre
acris acris
acri acri
acrem acre
acri acri
Plural
M /F N
acres acria
acrium acrium
acribus acribus
acres acria
acribus acribus
28. Recitation
SIngular
M /F N
brevis breve
brevis brevis
brevi brevi
brevem breve
brevi brevi
Plural
M /F N
breves brevia
brevium brevium
brevibus brevibus
breves brevia
brevibus brevibus
32. Recitation
Cardinal Ordinal
unus –a –um one primus –a –um first
duo –ae –o two secundus –a –um second
tres tria three tertius –a –um third
quattuor four quartus –a –um fourth
quinque five quintus –a –um fifth
sex six sextus –a –um sixth
septem seven septimus –a –um seventh
octo eight octavus –a –um eighth
novem nine nonus –a –um ninth
decem ten decimus –a –um tenth
33. Recitation
Roman Numeral Cardinal
XI undecim eleven
XII duodecim twelve
XIII tredecim thirteen
XIV quattuordecim fourteen
XV quindecim fifteen
XVI sedecim sixteen
XVII septendecim seventeen
XVIII duodeviginti eighteen
XIX undeviginti nineteen
XX viginti twenty
34. Recitation
3rd Person Pronouns;
Demonstrative Pronouns (1)
Singular
Masculine Feminine Neuter
is ea id
ejus ejus ejus
ei ei ei
eum eam id
eo eā eo
Plural
Masculine Feminine Neuter
ei eae ea
eorum earum eorum
eis eis eis
eos eas ea
eis eis eis
35. Recitation
Demonstrative Pronouns (Near) (2)
Singular Plural
M F N M F N
hic haec hoc hi hae haec
hujus hujus hujus horum harum horum
huic huic huic his his his
hunc hanc hoc hos has haec
hoc hac hoc his his his
36. Recitation
Demonstrative Pronouns (Far) (3)
Singular Plural
M F N M F N
ille illa illud illi illae illa
illíus illíus illíus illorum illarum illorum
illi illi illi illis illis illis
illum illam illud illos illas illa
illo illā illo illis illis illis
37. Recitation
Demonstrative Pronouns
(Near to Person Spoken to) (4)
Singular Plural
M F N M F N
iste ista istud isti istae ista
istíus istíus istíus istorum istarum istorum
isti isti isti istis istis istis
istum istam istud istos istas ista
isto istā isto istis istis istis
38. Recitation
Intensive Pronouns
Singular Plural
M F N M F N
ipse ipsa ipsum ipsi ipsae ipsa
ipsíus ipsíus ipsíus ipsorum ipsarum ipsorum
ipsi ipsi ipsi ipsis ipsis ipsis
ipsum ipsam ipsum ipsos ipsas ipsa
ipso ipsā ipso ipsis ipsis ipsis
39. Recitation
3rd Person Reflexive Pronouns
Case Form Meaning
Nom ----
Gen. sui of himself, herself, itself, themselves
Dat. sibi to/for himself, herself, itself, themselves
Acc. se himself, herself, itself, themselves
Abl. se ibwf himself, herself, itself, themselves
40. Recitation
Reflexive Pronoun Adjectives
Person Singular Meaning Plural Meaning
1st meus mea meum my (own) noster nostra
nostrum
our (own)
2nd tuus tua tuum your (own) vester vestra
vestrum
your (pl.) (own)
3rd suus sua suum his, her, its, their (own)
48. Grammar
The present subjunctive of sum has the vowel i
throughout.
Singular Plural
sim I may be simus we may be
sis you may be sitis you all may be
sit hsi may be sint they may be
49. Grammar
The imperfect subjunctive of sum is built on the form of
the infinitive (esse) as in the regular conjugations.
Singular Plural
essem I might be essemus we might be
esses you might be essetis you all might be
esset hsi might be essent they might be
50. Grammar
Purpose Clause with Ut
In English we often express purpose with the
infinitive, but in Latin the infinitive is not
normally used for this purpose.
51. Grammar
Purpose Clause with Ut
In English we often express purpose with the
infinitive, but in Latin the infinitive is not
normally used for this purpose.
I am working hard to make an A in Latin.
52. Grammar
Purpose Clause with Ut
In English we often express purpose with the
infinitive, but in Latin the infinitive is not
normally used for this purpose.
I am working hard to make an A in Latin.
53. Grammar
Purpose Clause with Ut
One way to express purpose in Latin is with
the ut clause. The main clause is in the
indicative and the subordinate clause is in
the subjunctive. The two clauses are
connected by ut, which means in order that.
54. Grammar
Purpose Clause with Ut
One way to express purpose in Latin is with
the ut clause. The main clause is in the
indicative and the subordinate clause is in
the subjunctive. The two clauses are
connected by ut, which means in order that.
main clause subordinate clause
Milites pugnant ut libertatem servent.
indicative subjunctive
55. Grammar
Purpose Clause with Ut
main clause subordinate clause
Milites pugnant ut libertatem servent.
indicative subjunctive
The soldiers fight in order that they may
preserve liberty.
56. Grammar
Purpose Clause with Ut
In a sentence with two clauses, there are two
verbs. The tenses of the two verbs must
correspond.
57. Grammar
Purpose Clause with Ut
In a sentence with two clauses, there are two
verbs. The tenses of the two verbs must
correspond.
If the main clause verb is in the present,
future, or future perfect, the purpose clause
is in the present subjunctive.
58. Grammar
Purpose Clause with Ut
In a sentence with two clauses, there are two
verbs. The tenses of the two verbs must
correspond.
If the main clause verb is in the present,
future, or future perfect, the purpose clause
is in the present subjunctive.
If the main clause verb is in the imperfect,
perfect, or pluperfect, the purpose clause is
in the imperfect subjunctive.
60. Grammar Questions
How many moods? What are they? How many
have we covered?
There are three: indicative, imperative,
and subjunctive. We have covered the
first two.
64. Grammar Questions
What are six helping verbs that express the subjunctive
in English?
let, might, could, may, should, would
65. Grammar Questions
What is the difference between indicative and
subjunctive?
indicative:
subjunctive:
66. Grammar Questions
What is the difference between indicative and
subjunctive?
indicative: actual events or actions
subjunctive: potential events or actions
My children go to school. actual/indicative
I want my children to go to school. – potential/subjunctive
67. Grammar Questions
What are the meanings of the present subjunctive of
sum?
Person Singular Plural
1st
2nd
3rd
68. Grammar Questions
What are the meanings of the present subjunctive of
sum?
Person Singular Plural
1st I may be we may be
2nd you may be you all may be
3rd he, she, it may be they may be
69. Grammar Questions
What are the meanings of the imperfect subjunctive of
sum?
Person Singular Plural
1st
2nd
3rd
70. Grammar Questions
What are the meanings of the imperfect subjunctive of
sum?
Person Singular Plural
1st I might be we might be
2nd you might be you all might be
3rd he, she, it might be they might be
71. Grammar Questions
A __________ question is asked in doubt or indignation,
uses the subjunctive, and is expressed in English by the
verbal helper ______.
72. Grammar Questions
A deliberative question is asked in doubt or indignation,
uses the subjunctive, and is expressed in English by the
verbal helper should.
73. Grammar Questions
A deliberative question uses the _______ subjunctive
for present time and the _________ subjunctive for
past time.
74. Grammar Questions
A deliberative question uses the present subjunctive
for present time and the imperfect subjunctive for
past time.
75. Grammar Questions
The hortatory subjunctive expresses __________, _______
_________, ______ ____, and uses the verbal helpers __
and ___.
76. Grammar Questions
The hortatory subjunctive expresses exhortation, indirect
command, strong wish, and uses the verbal helpers let
and may.
95. Practice
♦Conjugate sum in the present
and imperfect subjunctive.
♦Conjugate the model verbs in
the imperfect subjunctive
active and passive.
96. Practice
♦Conjugate sum in the present
and imperfect subjunctive.
♦Conjugate the model verbs in the
imperfect subjunctive active and
passive.
♦Conjugate the model verbs in the
present subjunctive active and
passive.
