Zend Framework Quick Start Walkthrough

Zend Framework Quick Start Walk Through Bradley Holt <bradley.holt@foundline.com> Found Line

Introduction Zend Framework is a quot;gluequot; framework that also provides an MVC quot;stack.quot; Provides much flexibility but quot;best practicesquot; are still sometimes hard to figure out (there are proposals that address this such as Zend_Console & Zend_Build). This presentation will focus mainly on what is suggested in Zend Framework documentation.

Why We Chose Zend Framework Clear separation between design and development (MVC) Gives a starting point for code reuse (coding standards, namespace organization, etc.) quot;Use-at-willquot; architecture - if I don't like something I can extend or replace it Great documentation Permissive open source license (modified BSD) Doesn't hurt to have quot;The PHP Companyquot; behind it

Resources Zend Framework installation Zend_Controller quick start Example web application on Google Code

Installation Make sure you have PHP 5.1.4 or later (full system requirements). Download the latest stable release, download the latest nightly snapshot, or use a Subversion (SVN) client to get a copy of Zend Framework. Make sure your PHP include_path contains the path to the Zend Framework library. Zend Framework contains many components that may now be used in your web application even if you decide not to use Zend Framework MVC.

Zend Framework MVC Overview Model - many options including Zend_Db & Zend_Service View - Zend_View Controller - Zend_Controller Zend_Controller_Front uses a Front Controller pattern. Incoming requests are dispatched to Action Controllers based on the requested URL: http://example.com http://example.com/controller http://example.com/controller /action http://example.com/controller /action /key /value

File System Layout application/ controllers/ ErrorController.php IndexController.php models/ views/ scripts/ error/ error.phtml index/ index.phtml helpers/ filters/ html/ .htaccess index.php library/ Zend/

html/ Your web server's document root. Contains the bootstrap file which all requests are routed through. Contains the .htaccess file which uses mod_rewrite to make sure all requests are rewritten to your bootstrap file. You can use regex so that requests for static files (e.g. js, ico, gif, jpg, png, css) are not rewritten to your bootstrap file.

html/.htaccess RewriteEngine on RewriteRule !.(js|ico|gif|jpg|png|css)$ index.php php_value include_path ../library php_flag register_globals off php_value error_reporting 2047 php_flag display_errors on

html/index.php (bootstrap file) <?php require_once 'Zend/Controller/Front.php'; Zend_Controller_Front::run('../application/controllers');

application/controllers/ Contains the Action Controllers for your web application. Each of your Action Controller will extend the Zend_Controller_Action class. Each of your Action Controller class names should end in quot;Controller.quot; For example: FooController. Each Action Controller can have multiple actions represented by public functions ending in the name quot;Action.quot; For example: barAction().

application/controllers/ IndexController.php <?php /** Zend_Controller_Action */ require_once 'Zend/Controller/Action.php'; class IndexController extends Zend_Controller_Action { public function indexAction() { } }

application/views/scripts/ Contains the view scripts for your web application. Default extension for view scripts is .phtml. Controller name is used to match the directory and action name is used to match the view script. Given FooController::barAction() the view script would be foo/bar.phtml.

application/views/scripts/index/ index.phtml <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC quot;-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//ENquot; quot;http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtdquot;> <html> <head> <meta http-equiv=quot;Content-Typequot; content=quot;text/html; charset=utf-8quot; /> <title>My first Zend Framework App</title> </head> <body> <h1>Hello, World!</h1> </body> </html>

application/controllers/ ErrorController.php <?php /** Zend_Controller_Action */ require_once 'Zend/Controller/Action.php'; class ErrorController extends Zend_Controller_Action { public function errorAction() { } }

application/views/scripts/error/ error.phtml <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC quot;-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//ENquot; quot;http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtdquot;> <html> <head> <meta http-equiv=quot;Content-Typequot; content=quot;text/html; charset=utf-8quot; /> <title>Error</title> </head> <body> <h1>An error occurred</h1> <p>An error occurred; please try again later.</p> </body> </html>

application/models/ A place for your quot;modelquot; code. I prefer to create a namespace in library that contains the models specific to the web application.

application/views/helpers/ & application/views/filters/ Custom view helpers and filters. Examples of Zend Framework built-in view helpers include formButton (for creating an XHTML form button), url (for creating URLs based on named routes), and htmlList (for generating unordered and ordered lists based on an array). Examples of Zend Framework built-in filters include HtmlEntities, StringToLower, and StringTrim.

library/ Library code used by your web application. Includes Zend directory which is where Zend Framework lives. I usually setup this up using svn:externals. When setting up my own libraries I like to follow the Zend Framework way of setting up namespaces.

What's Next? More controllers and actions Some quot;Mquot; in MVC - Zend_Db is the next logical step for most web applications Send me an email requesting commit access to the example web application if you want a sandbox <bradley. holt@foundline.com>

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Zend Framework Quick Start Walkthrough

by Bradley Holt on May 22, 2008

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