Open Rubrics and The Semantic Web: Open Ed 2010

Open Rubrics andthe Semantic Web
Brian Panulla
Panulla Information Systems
Megan Kohler
Pennsylvania State University
Open Ed 2010
The Seventh Annual Open Education Conference
2-4 November, 2010
Barcelona, Spain

About Us
Megan Kohler
msm26@psu.edu
Brian Panulla
Twitter: @bpanulla
(c)2010 Google, Imagery (c)2010 TerraMetrics, NASA, Map data (c)2010 Europa Technologies, Google, INEGI, AND

What is a Rubric?
Education/Teaching instrument
Tries to measure learning
Self-assessment
Evaluation (grading)

Benefits of Rubrics
Consistency in grading
Efficiency in reviewing students’ work
Customized feedback
Scalability for large course sizes

Rubrics on the Web
Presentational formats
PDF
MS Word
Excel
HTML
Difficult to read with software
Proprietary formats
“Walled Gardens”
Limited portability / linkability

Why open rubrics?
Shareable, portable
Machine-readable
Linkable like The Web
Build libraries of feedback / comments
Semantic Web?

Three things the SW is not:
Semantic HTML
Artificial Intelligence
Magic

New W3C Languages
Resource Description Framework (RDF)
RDF Schema
Web Ontology Language (OWL)
Yes, rly.

The SW is infrastructure
A parallel information system architecture
Web content, pages do not need to change

Semantic
Web
http://xkcd.com/773/

Linked Data
Publish/Syndicate complete information sets
Embedded explicit semantics, unique identifiers
Have minimal impact to other Web information publishing
May be static or dynamically generated

Linked Data - 2008
http://richard.cyganiak.de/2007/10/lod/

Rubric Ontology
Main classes
Rubric
Analytic, Holistic
Category
Criterion
Level
Scope
Scoring
Main properties
hasCriteria
hasLevels
title
description
benchmark
score
weight
feedback

RubricOntologyin UML(kinda)

Criterion

Category

Scope and Scoring
Scope of assessed/evaluated work:
Individual
Team
Peer
Self
Scoring mode of the assignment
Scored
Unscored

Integration
Friend of a Friend (FOAF) http://xmlns.com/foaf/spec
Creative Commons RDF http://creativecommons.org/ns
Dublin Core?

Rubric Builder

Rubric Projects
PSU Faculty-Self Assessment for Online Teaching https://weblearning.psu.edu/FacultySelfAssessment
PSU Rubric Module for Drupal 6 @ Drupal.orghttp://drupal.org/project/rubric
Rubric Ontology http://github.com/bpanulla/rubric-ontology
Rubric Builder (Flex / AIR) – RSN*
Rubric Module for Drupal 7 – design phase
* - Real Soon Now

Backup

Linked Data: GeoNames
http://www.geonames.org/3128760/barcelona.html

Semantics
Explicit “meaning” of symbols
Words – usage, connotation
Images - symbolism
Become really useful when shared

Differs from Syntax
Rules of how symbols (words, letters, pictures) can be arranged.
I love Sushi

Semantics
Can be unchanged despite symbols used
I Sushi

Semantics
Can still be misunderstood without context
I Sushi, but not in that way.
And who or what is “Sushi”?

RDF: Resource Description Framework
Fundamental knowledge representation
Everything is a resource

Triples
RDF is expressed as triples:
subject (“Penn State”)
predicate (”is a")
object (”University”)
Is a
Penn
State
University

Triples
Another example:
subject (“Brian Panulla”)
predicate (”presented at")
object (”OpenEd 2010”)
presented At
Brian
Panulla
OpenEd10

Triples to Graphs
Cityof
Portland
Spain
Is a
Lives in
attended
Held in
Presented at
Is a
Is located in
OpenEd
2010
Penn
State
Brian
Panulla
Portland
State
University

Triples to Graphs
United
States of
America
Cityof
Portland
State of
Oregon
North
America
State of
Washington
State of
California
Canada
NATO
Spain
Is a
borders
Is in
Lives in
Is in
Is In
Is in
Is in
borders
Is in
Is in
Is in
attended
Held in
Presented at
Is a
Is located in
Is in
OpenEd
2010
Penn
State
Brian
Panulla
Portland
State
University

URIs
Resources are identified by a Uniform Resource Identifier (URI)
http://www.psu.edu/owl/ist.owl#CollegeOfIST
http://2010.highedweb.org/sessions.rdf#TPR9

RDF Schemas
Think of classes in RDFS as sets rather than OOP classes
RDFS provides limited Set Theory features
subClassOf
subPropertyOf
Domain
Range

Web Ontologies
Ontologies describe meaning or intended use.
OWL adds more expressiveness and many aspects of formal logic to RDF.

Some OWL Features
Classes
Sub-class
Equivalent Classes
Disjoint Classes
Cardinality constraints (max/min)
Individuals
Same Individual
Properties
Sub-property
Equivalent
Inverse
Symmetric
Transitive

Resources
Semantic Web Programming - John Hebeler, Matthew Fisher, Ryan Blace, and Andrew Perez-Lopez
Semantic Web for the Working Ontologist: Effective Modeling in RDFS and OWL -Dean Allemang and James Hendler
Programming the Semantic Web by Toby Segaran, Colin Evans, and Jamie Taylor

Open Rubrics and The Semantic Web: Open Ed 2010

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Open Rubrics and The Semantic Web: Open Ed 2010 Presentation Transcript