THE IDEAS & PROCESS of Adventure-Based Counselling Adventure -based Counselling 14-1-99 2-10-99 (Revised) CHAN Kwok-bong , [email_address] The Boys’ & Girls’ Clubs Association of Hong Kong

IDEAS on ABC Nature & Definition of ABC Learning & Experiential Learning

Nature & Definition of ABC

Learning & Experiential Learning

Nature of ABC ABC is a learning through Suffering with great deal of Fun Outcome Definition Learning through Adventure Experiences by Doing combined with Reflection Process Definition

ABC is a learning through Suffering with great deal of Fun

Outcome Definition

Learning through Adventure Experiences by Doing combined with Reflection

Process Definition

Process Definition of ABC The Student experiences a state of Disequilibrium by being placed in a Novel Setting and A Cooperative Environment while being presented with Unique Problem-Solving Situations that lead to Feelings of Accomplishment which are augmented by Processing the Experience which promotes Generalization and Transfer to future endeavors

The Student experiences a state of

Disequilibrium by being placed in a

Novel Setting and

A Cooperative Environment while being presented with

Unique Problem-Solving Situations that lead to

Feelings of Accomplishment which are augmented by

Processing the Experience which promotes

Generalization and Transfer to future endeavors

Experiential Learning Learning through Practicing & Reflection “ I” Question Experiential Learning Cycle Experiencing Sharing Interpreting Generalizing Applying What Question How Question Why Question

Learning through Practicing & Reflection

Experiential Learning Provides: Live Experience Concrete Representation of Self Assertion of Self Responsibility and Ability Climate of Change by Increasing Playfulness Increasing Potential, Spontaneity & Creativity Sorting out Confusion

Live Experience

Concrete Representation of Self

Assertion of Self Responsibility and Ability

Climate of Change by

Increasing Playfulness

Increasing Potential, Spontaneity & Creativity

Sorting out Confusion

Nature of Learning Growth and Learn Certain Comfort Habitual Known Easy Comfort Area Discomfort Area Uncertain Uneasy Unknown Anxious Fear Learning is Fun Suffering Curious Challenging

Certain

Comfort

Habitual

Known

Easy

Uncertain

Uneasy

Unknown

Anxious

Fear

Learning is

Fun

Suffering

Curious

Challenging

PROCESS of ABC Process of ABC programming Key concepts of ABC Facilitator & Adventure Facilitation

Process of ABC programming

Key concepts of ABC

Facilitator & Adventure Facilitation

Process of ABC Programming Before Program Group Formation Selecting Appropriate Activities During the Program Briefing the Group Leading the Group De-briefing the Group

Before Program

Group Formation

Selecting Appropriate Activities

During the Program

Briefing the Group

Leading the Group

De-briefing the Group

Group Formation Homogenous vs. Heterogeneous Natural vs. Assigned

Homogenous vs. Heterogeneous

Natural vs. Assigned

Selecting Activities

Selecting Appropriate Activities Sequencing Program Intensity Program Flow Individual & Group Consideration Level of Competence Risk Assessment

Sequencing

Program Intensity

Program Flow

Individual & Group Consideration

Level of Competence

Risk Assessment

Level of Competence Technical Competence (Past experience, Skills Acquired & Fitness) Psychological Competence (Mental Preparation) Interpersonal Competence (Group Resources)

Technical Competence

(Past experience, Skills Acquired &

Fitness)

Psychological Competence

(Mental Preparation)

Interpersonal Competence

(Group Resources)

Risk Level Exploring  Peak Adventure  Disaster  Adventure  Risk  Participant Competence Real Risk

Exploring  Peak Adventure  Disaster 

Adventure  Risk 

Briefing The ABC group is structurally representative of defining rules,making plans,and developing strategies in order to solve experimental and real life problems.

Briefing the Group ( The 1-2-3) 1 Contract: Full Value Contracting 2 Level of Information What is it ? - Program Content and Goals How is it ? - Safety Rules and Precautions 3 Agreements

1 Contract: Full Value Contracting

2 Level of Information

What is it ? - Program Content and Goals

How is it ? - Safety Rules and Precautions

3 Agreements

Full Value Contracting -- The 3 Agreements 1. Work together as group to achieve group or/and individual goal(s). 2. Adhere safety and group behavior guidelines 3. To give and receive both positive and negative feedback, to change behavior when it is appropriate

1. Work together as group to achieve group or/and individual goal(s).

2. Adhere safety and group behavior guidelines

3. To give and receive both positive and negative feedback, to change behavior when it is appropriate

Presenting the Activities (DDADA Approach ) Describe & Demonstrate Major Tasks: Preparing difficulties and uncertainties Expanding considerations on group effort Arousing individual and group participation Ask Do Adapt

Describe & Demonstrate

Major Tasks:

Preparing difficulties and uncertainties

Expanding considerations on group effort

Arousing individual and group participation

Ask

Do

Adapt

Leading The shared experience of Common Grounding presupposes that the leader is an active member of the group .

Leading - Tasks and Roles Be an Active Participant and Attentive Observer / Listener Monitor Safety Search for Common Grounding Create Commitment and Induce Challenge Challenge by Choice: Choice to do Something Make on-going modification of program Facilitate group growth

Be an Active Participant and Attentive Observer / Listener

Monitor Safety

Search for Common Grounding

Create Commitment and Induce Challenge

Challenge by Choice: Choice to do Something

Make on-going modification of program

Facilitate group growth

Debriefing Co-creating New Meanings from Old Behaviors

Process - De-briefing Draw general or shared experience Identify concerned particular experience Focus the experience Explore owner’s interpretation of experience Transform to relational issue Invite re-interpretation ( Individual or Gp ) Generalize experience

Draw general or shared experience

Identify concerned particular experience

Focus the experience

Explore owner’s interpretation of experience

Transform to relational issue

Invite re-interpretation ( Individual or Gp )

Generalize experience

The 3 Piers Debriefing The What? What did you see and listen? The So-What? What do you feel and think? The Now-What? What do you learn and how do you reapply ?

The What?

What did you see and listen?

The So-What?

What do you feel and think?

The Now-What?

What do you learn and how do you reapply ?

Level of Adventure Facilitation Learning and Doing Let the experience speak for itself Learning by Telling Speaking for the experience Learning through Reflection Debriefing the experience Learning through Directive Reflection Framing or Frontloading the experience

Learning and Doing

Let the experience speak for itself

Learning by Telling

Speaking for the experience

Learning through Reflection

Debriefing the experience

Learning through Directive Reflection

Framing or Frontloading the experience

Framing and Frontloading Directly Frontloading the experience Direction with Reflection Framing the experience Reinforcement with Reflection Indirectly Frontloading the experience Re-direction before Reflection

Directly Frontloading the experience

Direction with Reflection

Framing the experience

Reinforcement with Reflection

Indirectly Frontloading the experience

Re-direction before Reflection

The Essentials Spontaneity Playfulness Humor Creativity

Spontaneity

Playfulness

Humor

Creativity

Reference Karl Rohnke et. al. (1997). The Complete Ropes Course Manual . Kendall/Hunt Publishing Co. Steven. E. Webster (1989). Ropes Course Safety Manual . Kendall/Hunt Publishing Co. Michael A. Gass ed . (1993). Adventure Therapy . Kendall/Hunt Publishing Co. Reldan S. & John L. (1992). Process The Adventure Experience . Kendall/Hunt Publishing Co. Karl Rohnke (1989). Cowstails and Cobras II . Kendall/Hunt Publishing Co. Karl Rohnke & Steve Bulter (1995). Quick Silver . Kendall/Hunt Publishing Co. Jim Schoel et.al . (1989). Island of Healing . Project Adventure Inc Simon Priest & Micheal A. Gass (1998) Effective Leadership in Adventure Programming . Project Adventure

Karl Rohnke et. al. (1997). The Complete Ropes Course Manual . Kendall/Hunt Publishing Co.

Steven. E. Webster (1989). Ropes Course Safety Manual . Kendall/Hunt Publishing Co.

Michael A. Gass ed . (1993). Adventure Therapy . Kendall/Hunt Publishing Co.

Reldan S. & John L. (1992). Process The Adventure Experience . Kendall/Hunt Publishing Co.

Karl Rohnke (1989). Cowstails and Cobras II . Kendall/Hunt Publishing Co.

Karl Rohnke & Steve Bulter (1995). Quick Silver . Kendall/Hunt Publishing Co.

Jim Schoel et.al . (1989). Island of Healing . Project Adventure Inc

Simon Priest & Micheal A. Gass (1998) Effective Leadership in Adventure Programming . Project Adventure

Web Resources Association of Experiential Education: www.aee.org Project Adventure: www.pa.org

Association of Experiential Education: www.aee.org

Project Adventure: www.pa.org

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