Slides for the talk I gave at Interaction13 - Toronto. In the past 15 years, while designers were learning how to create products, services and interactions that guarantee a return on investment, the world of businesses was changing. Economic return is not the only measurement now for value-driven businesses, many start-ups, social enterprises, community-based organisations, NGOs and even for corporations. This upcoming economic model is focused on the impact that new products and service have on societies and economies. We, as designers, are not fully ready to plan and assess what impact our work will have on the users and customers we aim to engage. In this session, I'll present an approach that goes beyond user-centred design and activity-centred design: impact-driven design. I will introduce some examples taken from my involvement in the creation of start-ups in different African countries, and I will introduce a series of tools and practices that would help Interaction Designers go beyond their remit of creating useful, usable and engaging experience, and create impactful services.

1. Innovation, Investment, Influence and Impact:
DESIGN THAT FOSTERS CHANGE
Franco Papeschi
#D4C #IxD13
@bobbywatson

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3. Charity founded by Tim Berners-Lee
open Web available, usable, and valuable for everyone
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5. MOBILE ENTREPRENEURSHIP LABS
People with
ideas
Mobile start-ups
and a bit of dev/biz skills
with social impact
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6. Actions

7. 7

9. 9

11. 11

12. /promo for Web Foundation
I promise
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14. governance empowerment capacity-
building stakeholder Global south civil
society disadvantaged development
excluded beneficiaries impact field trip
donors DO YOU SPEAK NGO?
change
baseline power analysis low overhead
microfinance ICT4D PPP (public-private
partnership) root cause sensitize scale-up
ownership pro-poor mHealth mEdu mLife
mAgri participatory decision-making
inclusive capabilities self-sustainability
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15. Photo
by
Oxfam
Interna1onal
-­‐
h4p://flic.kr/p/8aeVq6
Too many failures
Now focused on demonstrating value
ability to change through interventions
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16. A FRAMEWORK
Theory of Change

17. Actions
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18. Actions
Outputs
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19. Actions
Outputs
Outcomes
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20. Actions
Outputs
Outcomes
Impact
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21. Scrat – copyright XX Century Fox
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22. Actions
Outputs
Outcomes
Impact
store acorn
break ice
big crack destroy
in iceberg
iceberg
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23. External
factors
Actions
Outputs
Outcomes
Impact
?
Behaviours
Assumptions
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24. Impact on what individuals and
communities are capable of
Identity
Amartya Sen
Security
Social
CAPABILITIES
Informational
Political
Economic
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25. Capabilities
FREEDOM
Capabilities make individuals and communities free
HAPPINESS IS TRICKY
multi-variate nature of activities contributing to happiness
VALUE
Each person has a different ability to transform resources into value
MATERIALISTIC?
mix materialistic and non materialistic factors for human welfare
DISTRIBUTION
Distribution of opportunities is the key
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26. Photo by levork - http://flic.kr/p/cBZMGC
A.K.A.
SUPERPOWERS
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27. External
factors
Identity
Security
Social
Actions
Outputs
Outcomes
Impact
CAPABILITIES
Informational
Political
Economic
Behaviours
Assumptions
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28. Actions
Outputs
Outcomes
Impact
Help Improve economic
? ? them condition of new
learn generation of
Africans
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29. Photo by SDFA
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30. Actions
Outputs
Outcomes
Impact
Cheap solar Study Help Improve economic
lamps for kids after them condition of new
sunset learn generation of
Africans
• Kids will study, • Study after
not play sunset is effective
• Parents will (kids not tired)
allow kids to keep
lamps

31. Influence of Mwangambora lamp in study performances
45
40
35
30
25 11-12
9-10
20 7-8
4-6
15 1-3
10
5
0
0-5% 6-10% 11-15% 16-25% 26-35% 36-50% ABOVE
50%
CHANGE IN PERFORMANCE AFTER GETTING MWANGABORA SOLAR LAMPS OVER 18 MONTHS
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32. Photo by MPrep
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33. Photo by MPrep
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35. Actions
Outputs
Outcomes
Impact
SMS-based Spot fill Help Improve economic
Tests edu gaps + them condition of new
and Improve learn generation of
mentoring student-teacher Africans
dialogue
• Kids take tests • Better
• Kids understand relationship à
gaps better
• Teachers will not performances
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evaluate kids on
these tests

36. I ♥
1. Minimum Viable Intervention
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38. Photo by One Laptop per Child - http://flic.kr/p/8rvUK5
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39. I ♥
1. Minimum Viable Intervention
2. Frugal Innovation
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41. I ♥
1. Minimum Viable Intervention
2. Frugal Innovation
3. New types of investments
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44. WHERE CAN YOU APPLY THIS?

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47. YOUR
YOUR
YOUR
STORY
STORY
STORY
HERE
HERE
HERE
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48. HOW?
Methods and tools

49. CO-
DESIGN
BEHAVIOUR
TECHNOLOGY MAPPING
PROBES
LIVING
Learn
Build
LABS
PILOT
DESIGN
SURVEYS
Measure
MONITORING
EVALUATION LOGIC
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50. BEHAVIOUR MAPPING
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51. IMPACT
EXPECTED INDICATOR
MEASURE
BASELINE
TARGET
RESULT
+ economic + learning in Change in Before/after
condition
school
performance in
school results
+ economic + learning in Increase in Hours
condition
school
nighttime study
+ economic + learning in Increase in Qualitative
condition
school
supporting
other kids
+ economic + attention to …
…
condition
their kids’
education
…
…
…
…
Goal 2
MONITORING EVALUATION LOGIC
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52. TECHNOLOGY PROBES

53. WHAT WOULD YOU DO
WITH SKYPE?
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55. Combine Skype
contact with drum
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56. Combine Skype Sell product +
contact with drum
contact
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57. Combine Skype Sell product + Skype lessons
contact with drum
contact
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58. THEORY OF CHANGE
What impact do you want to have? How do you get there?
NEW OLD METHODS
Impact-driven design mostly as a framework
MINIMUM VIABLE INTERVENTION
FRUGAL INNOVATION
It’s what are most likely to have an impact
FOLLOW NEW PATHS OF MONEY
Crowd-funding, competition, impact investment, CSR funds

59. THANKS!
Franco Papeschi

60. Resources
THEORY OF CHANGE
http://www.thinknpc.org/publications/theory-of-change/
http://www.hfrp.org/evaluation/the-evaluation-exchange/issue-archive/evaluation-methodology/an-introduction-to-theory-
of-change
CAPABILITIES APPROACH
http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/capability-approach/
DEVELOPMENTAL EVALUATION
http://www.plexusinstitute.org/resource/dynamic/forums/20120210_111107_20889.pdf
http://www.fsg.org/tabid/191/ArticleId/708/Default.aspx?srpush=true
DESIGN FOR SOCIAL IMPACT TOOLKIT (IDEO)
http://www.ideo.com/work/design-for-social-impact-workbook-and-toolkit/
COLLABORATIVE ACTION TOOLKIT (FROG DESIGN)
http://www.frogdesign.com/collective-action-toolkit
WEB FOUNDATION
http://www.webfoundation.org
http://mlab.co.ke
http://www.mobilewebghana.org
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