should be known

1. The (4) four elements of state and its concept:
1. population or people
2. territory
3. government
4. sovereignty
A PERMANENT POPULATIONA state is an organization of human beings living together as a
community. The population of a state comprises all individuals who, in principle, inhabit the territory
in a permanent way. It may consist of nationals and foreigners. As has repeatedly been pointed out
by doctrine, the requirement of a population is not necessarily an equivalent of the requirement of
nationality. The population of a state need not be completely homogeneous in culture, language,
race or otherwise. Indeed, it is even rare, except for Micro-States, to find a State with a
homogeneous people. International law does not require a minimum number of inhabitants
constituting a State. The smallest number of nationals in a Micro-State can be found in Nauru and in
Monaco. This figure can be even lower if we take into account that theoretically Pitcairn with 52
inhabitants has the right to opt for statehood by virtue of its right to self-determination. No
reservations have been made by the international community with respect to statehood because of
the limited number of nationals of Micro-States, even if the nationals were outnumbered by foreign
residents. A DEFINED TERRITORYThe functions of a State, a political and legal community of
human beings, must first of all be exercised in a given territory.
Territory is a geographical area that is owned and controlled by a government or country to exercise
such state sovereignty.
Therefore, most of legal professors give and conclude the definition of the territory that territory
clearly comprises and refers to land territory which belongs to state and individuals, internal waters
and territorial sea (straits) which state claims for sovereignty, and the airspace above this territory.
It is required that the State must consist of a certain coherent territory effectively governed and the
territory of a State need not be exactly fixed by definite frontiers.
"A defined geographical area" the existence of Micro-State with minimum land territory such as
Monaco (1.95 square kilometer), and the Vatican City (0.44 square kilometer) leads to the
conclusion that no minimum size is required for the territory, as this element was never a reason for
denying statehood. GOVERNMENTThe government is the executive branch of the state and has
the role to administer the state uniformly in the following aspects: political, economic, social, cultural,
use of natural resources, environmental protection, national defense and security, and foreign
affairs.
Form of state is defined depending on the constitution drafted, generally structure of state can be
divided into: unitary state and federal state, this probably affects the government in exercising limit
on its power. SOVEREIGNTYSovereignty is the quality of having supreme, independent authority
over a territory. It can be found in a power to rule and make law that rests on a political fact for which
no purely legal explanation can be provided. The definition of "the Sovereignty" is quite similar to
"the Independence" and they mostly used along together.