ISLAM Its Foundation And Concepts

ISLA]UI
Its Foundation
And Concepts

Js
Dr, Muhammed bin Abdullah As-Suhaym

daarulated
fo
Abdur-Raafi Adewale lmaam

@Muhammad Abdullah AhSuhaym, 2OOs
K ng Fahad NationalLibrary Catalogi
ng-in-PublicationData
AIS uh aym, Muham mad Abdul lah.
lslam:lts Foundation
And Concepts./Muhammad
Abdullah Al-Suhaym.- Riyadh,2005
224p 14x21cm
ISBN:996047-538-7
1- lslam-General Principles l-Title
210dc 142611239

LegalDepositNo. 1426/1239
ISBN:9960-47-538-7

lst, Edition
-
1426A,H.200sA.c.

All Rlghlr Rererved

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lslaam:
Its Foundationsand Concepts

9y

Dr. Muhammadbin AbdullaahAs-Suhaym

Translated by

Abdur-Raafi Adewale lmaam
Translationand PublicationDivision,
lslaamic Propagation And Education Committee,
Al-MadeenahAl-Munawwarah
www.alharamai nonline.org

Islaam: Its Foundations And Concepts

I n t h e N a m eo f A l l a a h ,th e Gra ci o us,
the M er ciful

Translator'snote:

All praiseis due to AllaahlMay peaceand blessings upon tne
be
Messenger, household companions.
his and

This book is undoubtedly commendable
a attempt showing
at the
beauties lslaamto mankind,
of drawing comparison
a between this
great religionand other world religions spiritual,
in moral,social
and intellectual
aspectsand acquainting mankind with rts principles
and fundamentals a logical,
in unambiguous, convincing, frankbut
gracious manner.

We would howeverlike to call the attention the readerto some
of
pointsas regards translation someof the quotesand foreign
the of
names in this book.The authorquotedsome passages from the
Bibleand otherbooks, whichare not originally Arabic.
Thoughwe
believethat the proper academicmethod in translating these
passages to referto theiroriginal
is sourcessincemost of them are
in English, we could not however do so because of therr
unavailability the translator. is therefore
to lt hopedthat,translation
of the passages rendered here are as close as possible in
meaning, the original
to texts.

As for the namesof someauthors mentioned the Bookin Arabic
in
letters,we exertedefforts to know the correct spellingof these
names in their originallanguages. But due to the fact that the

'
In transliterating Arabic words, the translator choseto use the double
vowel 'aa', 'ee'and'oo' to indicatemadd [stretching] with fathah, kasr,
a n d d a n t mr e s p e c t i v e la s i t i s i n ' A l l a a h ' , ' l s l a a m ' , ' T a w h e e d ' , ' s o o r a h ' ,
y
etc., because; usingthis methodrnakes easierfor non-Arabicspeaking
it
readersto pronounce the words as closely as possibleto the way the
Arabic speakers This way has becomestandard
do. way of transliteration
by nranyfamousMuslim writersand translators Iike Dr Bilal Philipsand
others.

Islsam: Its FoundationsAnd Concepts

authorquotedexcerptsfrom their booksfrom secondary sources,
which are in Arabic, we could not have access to the original
books;hencethe nameswere transliteratedfrom Arabic.

Equally,the namesof foreignreferences mentioned this book in
in
Englishmay not be the exactnamesgivenby theirvariousauthors.
from Arabic.
Mostof theseare translated

ln translating meanings the versesof the Glorious
the of Qur'aan, I
completely done by Al-Hilali
reliedon the translation and M. M.
Khan and printedby King Fahd Complexfor the Printing the
of
HolyQur'an. quoted
I any addition
the translation it is without
as or
omission.

As for the hadeeths, largely
I reliedon M. M. Khan'stranslationif
the hadeeth is reported by Al-Bukhaareeand Muslim or Al-
Bukhaaree alone.lf the hadeethis reported Muslim,I quoted
by
from Siddiqi'stranslation. Otherwise, the hadeethsare translated
by my humble self. In the footnotehowever,I deem it enough to
mentiononly the collector the hadeefhin the footnote.I add the
of
'AA' at the end of the footnotesadded by me to distinguish
initials
betweenthem and thoseof the author.

May Allaah make this book beneficial all and reward its author
for
abundantly this
in worldand the Hereafter.

Abd ur-RaafiAdewale lmaam

lslaamicPropagationAnd Education
Committee,
Al-Madeenah Al-Munawwarah
www.alharamainonline.org


Author's preface

All praise is due to Allaah.We praise Him and seek for His
assistance and forgiveness. seek refugewith Him from evilsof
We
our souls and our misdeeds.No one can misleadwhosoever
Allaahguidesand nonecan guidewhosoever Allaahcausesto go
astray.

I testify that there is no deity worthy of worship except Allaah
alone. He has no partner.I also testifythat Muhammadblessings
and peacebe uponhim,is Hisslaveand Messenqer.

Allaahsent Messengers mankindin orderthat peoplemay not
to
have any plea againstHim after He has sent these Messengers.
He alsorevealedBooksas guidance, mercy,lightand healing.

In the past, Messengers were especially sent to their peopleand
entrustedwith the preservation their book. That was why their
of
writingsbecameforgotten and their laws becamealtered,because
they were sent tot a specificnationon a limitedperiod.

Thereafter,
Allaah chose His ProphetMuhammad,blessingsand
peace be upon him, and made him the last of all prophetsand
Messengers. says,
He

t - ( '"3'
' ' '
J;3 Fi- i . -"t6i u * t:
, 2,,'- '
rr L; F
- 4 1 . z
^JL>q 4Il

+ l ; _ ') . = J l
r

"Muhammadis not the father of anyone among you, but he is the
Messengerof Allaah and the last(end) of the Prophets.',1

rAl-Ahzaab
33:40


Allaahhonouredhim wtth the best RevealedBook which is the
gloriousQur'aan;He took it upon Himselfto preserve and did not
it
assignthe obligation its preservation any of His creatures.
of to He
SAVS.

/ .z<'. t . .r ti 6 c t t

#fit,'l^h6t<)4)
vi-r'v/ /
ulr -) tU'

"Verily,We it is Who have sent down the Dhikr (i.e., Qur'aan)and
surely, We wilt guard it (from corruption)."1

He also makes the Law of Muhammad, blessingsand peace be
uponhim,the lasting one tillthe Day of Resurrection. explained
He
that the perpetuity his Law necessitates belief in it, calling
of the
unto it and being patientwith it. Hencethe path of the Prophet,
blessings and peace be upon him, and his followers that of
is
calling the way of Allaah
to withsureknowledge. Whilemaking this
way clear,Allaahsays,

of
,;a;l
-> ,'ra j I
t-r 0 /'.a-)
Je 4r Jr rje)r ,F':t- LIJF
do' . =r' -
, ( . ;.; - .
1 ,!_;
v-l!
r) r;^atr ,1c bl l-i t
aYl ,:r;,^3
-
l). v

"Say (O Muhammad).Ihls is my way; I invite unto Allaah with sure
knowledge,I and whosoeverfollowsme. And Glorifiedand Exalted
And I am not of the polytheists.'"
be AIlaah.

Altaahcommanded Prophet,
the blessings peacebe uponhim,
and
to bear whatever harm he sufferedin the cause of Allaah with
patience says,
and

' A l - H i . ;lr5 : 9
I Y o o s u l1 2 . 0 8
' 1


4.,t;1ib;iiilri;; si+" y
"Thereforebe patient (O Muhammad) as did the Messengersof
strong will."'

patience Muslims,
He alsoenjoins on

./ .|i ,'t(-' '
.Jt-+r L(+u+ f'

./ I
'f .3'- l --

1,,-:-'irJ.>..l.o-l

"O you who believe!Endure and be more patient and guard (your
territory by stationingarmy units permanenily at the places from
where the enemy can attackyou) and fear Allaah,so fhat you may
be successful."'

In accordance with this graciousDivineWay, I write this book to
invitepeopleto the religion Allaah,deriving
of guidance doing
in
so, from the Book of Allaahand the Sunnahof His Messenger. I
brieflyexplainedhereinthe story of the creationof the Universe,
the creation of man and how he was favoured by sending
Messengers him and acquainting with the situations past
to him of
religions.Afterwards, made an introduction lslaam as per its
I to
meaningand pillars In this book, I have provided evidences tor
those who are lookingfor guidance,explainedthe way for those
who are lookingfor salvation, showedthe pathto thosewho desire
to follow the track of the Prophets,Messengersand righteous
people. As for those who turn away from their path, such only
befoolthemselves and take to the erroneousoath.

rAl-Ahqaaf46:35
2
Aal 'lrnraan :200
3

Islaam: Its FoundationsAnd Concepts

It is a matterof fact that adherents each religioncall othersto it
of
and they believe that truthonly abidesin theirreligion. is also a
lt
fact that adherentsof each beliefcall othersto follow their leader
and extolhim.As for the Muslim, does not call peopleto follow
he
his own ideology. religion the religion Allaah
His is of withwhichHe
is pleased. Allaahsays,

4 )rri ^i "+ 3)"Aiilb
"Truly,the religionwith Allaah is lslaam"'

He also does not call people to glorifya human being, for all
human beings are equal in the Religion of Allaah; nothing
distinguishes from another
one exceptpiety.A Muslimrathercalls
people to follow the path of their Lord, to believe in His
Messengers and follow His Law which He revealedto the last of
His Messengers Muhammad blessings and peace be upon him,
and whichHe commanded to convev all mankind.
him to

It's on this accountthat I wrote this book in order to call peopleto
the Religion AllaahwhichHe is pleased
of with and with whichHe
sent His Last Messenger orderto guidethosewho are looking
in
for guidance and happiness. AllaahlNo humanbeingcan have
By
real happiness exceptthrough this religionand nonecan haverest
of mind exceptby believing that Allaahis the only Lord (worthy of
worship), that Muhammad, blessings and peace be upon him, is
His Messenger and that lslaamis the only acceptable religionof
Allaah.

Thousandsof those who embracedlslaam have testified that they
did not knowreallifeuntilaftertheyembraced lslaamand thatthey
did never tasted happiness except under the shade of lslaam.
Since it is a fact that every human being looks for happiness,
peaceof mind and truth,I prepare this work to helpthem achieve

I 'lmraan :19
Aal 3

8 Islaam: Its Foundations And Concepts

that. I pray that Allaahmakesthis work purelyfor His sake and let
it be well-accepted make it one of those righteous
and deeds that
will benefitits doer in this worldand the next.

I givepermission translate publish
to and thisbookin any language
to whoevermay want to do so with a conditionthat the personact
honestlyin translating and to do me a favourby sendinga copy
it
to me to avoidunnecessaryrepetition efforts.
of

I equallyrequestfrom whoeverhas any observation correction
or
either on the Arabic text of this Book or any of its translateo
versions to kindly send it to me through the below-mentioned
address.

All praiseis due to Allaahfirstly
and lasfly,
outwardly
and inwardry.
All praiseis due to Him publicly and secrefly. praiseis due to
All
Him in the beginning the end.All praiseis due to him as much
and
as can fill the heavensand the earth and whateverelse that Our
Lord may wish. May Allaahbestowpeaceand much blessing on
our Prophet Muhammad, companions all thosewho follow
his and
his pathtillthe day of reckoning

The author,

Dr.Muhammad Abdullaah Saalih
bin bin As-suhaym

Riyadh,

Shawwaal
13,1420

P. O. Box 1032Riyadh1342, O. Box6249 Riyadh1r1442
P


Where is the Way?

When man growsand startsunderstanding things,many questions
come to his mind like: Where am I from? Why did I come (to
What will be my end?Who createdme and createdthe
existence)?
universearoundme? Who owns and controls this universe?
And
like
otherouestions these.

However,he is unable to providehimselfwith answersto these
questions.Even modern science is not capable of providing
answers to them because these issues fall within religious
domains That is why there are numerousnarrations and different
superstitionsand tales about them that only add to man's
confusion and distress.lt is impossible man to get a satisfying
for
answer thesequestions
to unless is guidedby Allaahto the true
he
religion that is capableof providing final decisionon these and
similarissues; for, theseissuesare amongthe divinesecrets that
onlythe true religion can givecorrectand accurate answers and
to
that is the only religion that Allaahrevealed His Prophets
to and
Messengerslt is then incumbentupon man to learn the true
religion and have beliefin it in order to have his confusion and
doubtsremoved and in orderto be guided the Straight
to Path.

In the followingpages,I inviteyou to followthe StraightPath of
Allaah and I presentto you some evidencesand proofsthat you
may carefullyand patiently
reflect
on.

Islsam: Its Foundations And Conc

Existenceof Allaah, His Lordship (over alt creation),
His Onenessand His being the only God worthy of
worship

0Manypeopledo worshipman-made deitiesliketrees,stonesano
even humanbeings; that is why the Jews and idolaters askedthe
Messenger Allaah,
of blessingsand peacebe upon him, aboutthe
characteristics his Lord.In replyto this question
of Allaahrevealed,

dy,-D lt 1'l g; L.zti Xni "Li ni i 'A y
ii O
{€:3;i Gh";j<
"Say (O Muhammad).He r's Altaah, (the) One, Attaah, the Self_
sufficient Master (whom all creatures need, He neither eats nor
drinks). He begets not nor is He begotten.And there is none co_
equal or comparableunto Him."1

He alsosavs.

ti tri -t .ti t-. i t 2t, /,t
n' jUt y-: JJl
la ei-Ul f-., . rl Jr

,4.' ttl,'. -,,<,7 l'? 't
ry :4)b -t|+t ,-Ht G:* i'-
q,.Pl L-Y Gfit
t .la
i:- r< ,-.?-i
;t3 $rr 4 y1 :1r
'6 ..l ' 'l
t, - tt.
Q'J;4 P c>T-J Iq *-Q.J Iq
l-

,/ ..=4,
'ryutiL,
8 ) ( - ) l
se-/.

'
A l - l k h l a a s 1 2 :l - 4
1

Islaam: Its Foundations And Concepts ll

"lndeed your Lord is Allaah Who created the heavens and the
earih in Sx Days and then He lstawa (rose over) the Throne (really
in a manner thaf suifs His Majesty).He bringsnight as a cover over
the day, seeking it rapidly,and (He created)the sun, the moon, the
starssubjectedto His Command.S/essedbe Allaah, the Lord of all
the world!"'

He alsosays,

t'
. - -',7
6,;ttAi y
i' .' .'i z
,fF' ,)e 6Yt I
,
w";lr';'i J3 ,; 6?r,F*.fr9;Ai.fu3
'U
,bS e'.,'.lt ,s;fr @t*;'E; ,q,rJ,ieJ$
i:
.:i)
L.)- ,b g$i ,5 ,r:',1*is e3i W
L ....1.

{ jqlr JJr

"Allaah is He, Who raised the heaven without pillarsthat you can
see. Then He lstawa (rose above) the Throne (really in a manner
that suits His Majesty).He has subjectedthe sun and the moon (to
continue going round)! Each running (its course) for a term
appointed.He regulates all affairs, explainingthe Aayaat (proofs,
evidences, verses, /essons,slgns, revelations,etc.) in detail, that
you may believe with certainty in the meeting with your Lord. And it
is He who spread out the earth, and placed therein firm mountains
and riversand of every kind of fruits He made in pairs.He brings
the nightas a coverover the day..."untilHe says,

I
A l - A ' r a a f7 r 5 4 .

t2 Islaam: Its Foundations And Concepts

r,..' t.. l:.: 'l t t 'i
rtr;r ,t-j fL-rYl e+ u'r Gt lp W L; , . 1 . , ,Aii F
. tt a.

&
'*z:i
r/,lr

{tali, , =ii * f,A )t31r; ,i'*o 2,J ,p-,

{ rCJt;lii
"Allaahknows what every female bearsand how much the womb
falls short (of their time or number) or exceed. Everything with Him
is in due proportion.AII-Knowerof the unseenand the- seen, the
Most Great,the Most-High."1

Allaahalsosays,

{e-tri
"Say (O Muhammad): Who is the Lord of the heavens and the
earth? Say: (lt is) Allaah. Say: Have you then taken (for worship)
protectorsother than Him, such as have no power either for benefit
or for harm to themselves? Say. ts the btind equat to the one who
sees? Or darkness equal to light? Or do they assign A)taah
parrners who created the like of His creation, so that the creation

'
A r - R a ' d3 : 2 ,j , 8 , 9
l

Islasm: Its Foundations And Concepts 13

(which they made and His creation)seemed alike to them? Say:
Atlaahis the Creatorof altthings.He is the One, the trresistibte."l

Whileestablishing mankind
for and proofs,
His signsas evidences
He says,

' ' t
-' . , J t.'.i-i. t .a.,1, tr'ti .r.
rr"-*rt) jptr ))t t+ti Ui y
,,,2r7,
IJJ--.1j ) pti
".^^r^tl-
."ia.,tt-7.
.gtlr 14tr#.t)Fu- ij
.i-
t.'lt. I lr
)-^Jlq UJLJ
J I J V'

'-'^-i7 _ .1: < r- . - €..i .l .i.i
JPr .#
- r', ,-.i.
L^ti-'- I cS+lt o! c'-'s9,->j,-al;t^Jl t?e ali
'}i
{ (A ".,-r i.k 'i)
,)s
"And from among His signs are the night and the day, and the sun
and the moon. Prostratenot to the sun or the moon, but prostrate
to Allaah who created them, if you really worship Him. But if they
are too proud (to do so), then those who are with your Lord
(angels) glorify Him night and day, and never are they tired. And
among His s4lns (in this), that you see the earth barren, but when
We send down water (rain) to it, it is stirred to life and growth (of
vegetations). Verily, He Who gives it life, sure is Able to give life to
the dead (on the Day of Resurrection). lndeed He is Able to do all
things.''

He alsosays,

' A r - R a ' dI 3 :I 6
2 F u s s i l a4 l : 3 7 - 3 9
t


urtlt: ,2'3-:li i q'f.>

t vl 17,
t -'t^Jr-l

"And among His signs is the creationof the heavens and the eafth,
and the differences of your languages and colours. Verily, in that
are indeed signs for men of sound knowledge. And among His
slgnsls your sleepby nightand by day..."'

While describingHimselfwith Attributesof beauty and perfection
He says,

' 'r'v ' / ( t''.'.i:'i't r t '1 -'112
t'-if !'7't
.g t- ,oi Ct YJ ij* ,o-rit-,Y (Pl GJt -* i] "J] Y ;frty
t
(r, -r.. t: ?. .oi ,., . o
-9ri. , )] ,.rrt
.=
g;-tll lr g-. ,.f-,,yt . r . . ,>,'3>"11
. .iil
Cl-i- C Ui
- . t
-)+)t G ".& itbo. ,
i j,*.,:i, r..
r-6-.- -s 4-*i 3; clr
"
r:.,{r
L _,
/ .1.
( cL"1

"Allaah!None has the right fo be worshippedbut He. The Ever-
Living, the One Who sustainsand protectsall that exisfs. Neither
slumber nor sleep oveftakes Him. To Him belongs whatsoever is in
the heavens and whatsoeveris in the earth. Who is he that can
intercede with Him except with His permission? He knows what
happens to them (His creatures)in this world and what wiil happen

' Ar-Room
30'.22-23

Islaam: Its FoundationsAnd Conce.

to them in the Hereafter.And they will never compassanythingof
Hisknowtedge exceptthat whichHe wills."'

He alsosays,

4) .,^{1n 7- ,;'rut,s: v$i *+ vFi gst -":i ;6 Y
'ii
t .1- !
& ;) /'.2^)l

"The Forgiver of sins, the Acceptor of repentance' the Sfern ln
punishmeht,the Bestower(of favours)-Ld ilAha illa Huwa None
has theright to be worshippedbut He.To Him is thefinat retttrn.'2

He - may His praisebe exalted-
also says,

' 't. ' ' <
v---s- 6i*y
'
"2" lt
ii 4Jl
",'ii
.r:tN' .-Jl iJi'l i-b )l

a"LA.;'
4,:V) ;',ii;:-,; ti iYAii-1i

He is Ail6h besldes whom L6 itaha illaHuwa (none has the right to
be worshipped but He) the King, the Holy, the One Free from all
defecfs, the Giver of security,the Watcherover His creatures,the
Atl-Mighty,the Competter, the Supreme.Glory be to All^hl (High is
''
He) a-Ooie that
atl they associate partnerswith Him
as

This Wise and omnipotentLord who made Himself knownto His
slaves and established for them His signs and proofs and
described Himself with attributes of perfectionhad prophetic
ordainments,humanwisdomand naturetestifyto His existence,to
His Lordship and being the only one having the right to be

I
Al-Baqarah:255 2
r
Ghaafir 0:34
I
A l - H a s h5 9 : 2 3
r

Islaam: Its Foundations And

worshipped. wiil -God wiiling-show that to you in the
I foilowinq
pages.

As for proofsof His existence
and Lordship,
they are:

One: Creation of this universe and its wonderful design

O man! All this universethat surrounds you, the heavens,tne
stars,the galaxiesand the earth that is spread in which
there are
neighbouring tracts out of which differentprantsgrow bearinoail
fruits,and on which you find ail creaturesin pairsl.. tni,
*iuEr"u
did not createitselfand could nevercreateitself.lt must
then have
a creator.who then is that creatorwho createdit in this wonderful
design and perfection and made it a sign for those wno can se"
save Allaahthe one, the subduerwhom there is no Lord
oi o"ity
worthyof worshipbesideHim. He says,

'
,,- . ,. t.

,,.),_,.;ili iit (i :i: 3;Ai j ii ,n * o Eu ?iy
(,O.,*i {
"!
"Were they created by nothing
or were they themsetvesthe
c.reators? did they create the heavens and t'heearth?
Or Nay,but
they have no firm betief."l

Thesetwo versesimplythreequestions:

1- Were they createdfrom nothing?
2- Did they createthemselves?
3- Did they createthe heavensand the earth?

lf their creation was not accidentar and they had not created
themselves createdthe heavens
or and the earth;it shourdthen be
affirmed that thereexistsa creator
who createdthem as weil as the
'
At-Toor 52:35-36

Islaam: Its FoundationsAnd Conc

heavens and the earth. That Creator is Allaah, the One, the
Subduer.

Two: The nature

All creatures naturally
are inclined believein the existence the
to of
creator; to affirm that He rs greaterand mightierthan all things.
This inclination more well-rooted the naturethan elementary
is in
mathematics and does not need to be proved by any evidence
except for him who has an abnormalnature; a nature that has
been exposed to circumstances that turn it away from what it
should admit.'AllaahsaYs,

.t)A- "t ll
cti+:
J"6i }u"a: ;ri /P"G-+ u.-rY. 4i3Y
4:7>oitl)'t oai ;ei 5;;t3 4i tli -!).5'$i

So sef you (O Muhammad(peacebe upon him))your face towards
the religion (of pure tstdmicMonotheism) Hanif (worship none but
Attah itone). Attdh's Fitrah (i.e. Attdh'slsl1mic Monotheism)with
which He h'as createdmankind. No change let there be in Khalq-
iilah (i.e. the religion of All6h - lsllmic Monotheism):that is the
straightretigion,but mostof men know not'*

The Messenger Allaah,
of blessings and peacebe upon him, said'
,,Every child is born with naturalinclination lslaamicMonotheism
to
and it is his parentswho make him a Jew, a christianor a Magian3
young whole,whereinyou find
fust as the animalgives birthto its
no mutilation." Then Aboo Hurayrah(who is the narratorof this
hadeeth) said:"Recite you like(Allaah's
if words):

' Majmoo' FatawaIbn Taymiyahl'.41-49,'73
I Ar-Room 0:30
J
I AA
phenomena.
Magians thosewho worshipfire and othernatural
are

Isloam: Its Foundations And Conc

.ibJ- i
"lr+!
r{:.} ge.1ii r-Ai Ai g^1 -r;.ij.li <U;'*i

"All6h'sFitrah (i.e. Attah'ststamicMonotheism)
with which He has
created mankind. No change ret there be in Kharq-irtdh(i.e. the
religionof Attah - lstamicMonotheism). that is the siraight'retigrcn,
but most of men know not "'1

He also said, "Verily,my Lord commandedme to teach you
what
you do not know of that which He has taughtme today:,Art
rnon"y
that I endoweda slavewith, is raMur(for n-iry.t createomy slaves
naturallyinclinedto lslaamic Monotheismand it were thL devils
wno came to them, led them away from their religion, made
-on
forbiddenfor them what I made lawiul and enjoineo inem to
asso,cj?lepartnerswith Me in worshipof whichi diOnot send any
oroof.'"'

Three: Consensus of all people

All past and modernnationsare in consensus that this universe
has a creatorwho is Allaahthe Lord of all the worrds,
that He is the
creator of the heavensand the earth and that He has no partner
among His creatures as He does not have a partner in His
Sovereignty.

No beliefhas ever been reported from any of the past nationsthat
their false deities took part with Allaah in the creation of the
neavensand the earth.Rather,they all believedthat it was Allaan
who createdthem and their goos, that there was no creator
or
sustainer besides Him and that He aloneowns the powerto brino

'
A I - B u k h a a r ea n d M u s l i n r
e
2A h r l a d
a n dM u s i i m .

Islaom: Its FoundationsAnd C,

benefit inflict
or us versesof
harm.tAllaahinforms in the following
the idolaters' of and guardianship,
affirmation His Lordship

o,i1 . i:- ..,1 .',. .. t.',i'
.i ,t.-.1 i.
*, J*: : . i . . r-': . PI
..i1
,^-3 rJb)ltc)9-At,lt i fFU- ,*l-l I
: 'u;. 'Jri
-t

v
t /

l}J
,
" , ' l
cljl , tl ;i )+: -DV ,rt l;;- t o:li ,.1.,'
iK';:- SIJ
.:- .i -1'I'zti z .r1 . a:ii- ..i.-..-:ilt'-
4 q-t ?u 'L-Jt -:--r Jt O^ ,4:JL-.41J :r)l ** zg
et -r-,it !
. - ' 1..,1 -tt:4^,'oo,"i1
Y i-,r=-t Jq 4J r^!l att't ! : -
{ r:!i'oy'+ f " - t ' 1 ' i J>ai , ' - .W;'
'

"lf you were to ask them: "Who has created the heavens and the
earth and subiectedthe sun and the moon?" They will surely reply:
"NEh." How then are they deviating (as polytheists and
disbetievers)? AIIAhenlargesthe provisionfor whom He willsof His
s/aves,and straitens for whom (He wills). Verily,Alldh is the All-
it
Knower of everything.If you were to ask them: "Who sends down
water (rain) from the sky, and gives life therewith to the eafth after
its death?" They will surely reply: "All6h."Say: "All the praisesand
thanks to Altdh!"
be Nav! Mostof themhave no sense''"

; .. i-rrii,;li:#)> i* Ut$tt,-'';ai'4> J -ea {rV

"And indeedif you ask them, 'Who has createdthe heavensand
'The All-Mighty' the All-Knower
the earth?' They will surely say:
'u
createdthem.'

' M a . l n r o o ' a t a w a4 : 3 8 0 - 3 8 i
F l
t
A l - 'A n k a b o t 2 9: 6 1- 6 3
j
A z - z u k h r u f9

Islaam: Its Foundations And Ct

Four: The reason

Human reasoninevitably confirms that this universehas a great
creator;for the sound reasonagreesthat this universe a creited
is
thing that did not bring itself to being, hence, it must have an
originator.

Also, man knowsthat he falls into crisesand afflictionsand when
he is unable to prevent them or remove them, he faces the
heavenswith his heart and seeksfor His Lord'said to removehis
distress even thoughhe may denounce Lord and worshiohis
his
idols in his normaldays. This is an undisputable fact. Even tne
animal raises his head up and looks at the sky wheneverit is
visited by an affliction.
The AlmightyAllah informs us that man,
wheneverhe is afflictedwith harm, hastensto his Lord and asks
Him to removethe harm.Allaahsays,

. . .t ,i
,2,, i e 1., ,t..- -i,,, .
./-: , ?
d' :"-.1-rt' ,
-tr-* - ,..
5- "P Je -Lj4J l:l-rrl *. J.?i Ji ,y 4) tp4 jg

{,,1!1;6i-:ef
;UfW
"And when some hurt touches man, he cries to his Lord (Altah
Alone), turningto Him in repentance.But when He bestowsa favor
upon him from Himself, he forgets that for which he cried for
before,and he sefs up rivals to NEh.'r

He alsosaysaboutthe idolaters,

I
Az-Zunar 39:8

Islaam: Its Foundations And

6 &, 9K ,f c t{i r^;t;r!4c bt ltv r:i"**
t

;-P -b.-l

c:1oui (a .V')
u"f*ri
, 'i-".
;-E t; 64-6+; u;tt*,a3tit4i y A*"irr Jte

/ ,;=) -. / .
; '
i":
& ,-'.) vJ
r.l.p

"He it is Who enablesyou to travel throughland and sea, till when
you are in the ships, and they sail with them with a favorable wind,
and they are gtad therein, then comes a stormy wind and the
waves come to them from all sides, and they think that they are
encircled therein. Then they invoke All6h, making their Faith pure
for Him Atone, (saying): "lf You (Neh) deliver us from this, we shall
trutybe of the grateful."But when He deliveredthem, behold! They
rebet (disobey All6h) in the eafth wrongfully. O mankind! Your
rebetlion (disobedienceto AIl6h) is only against your own se/ves, -
a brief enjoyment of this worldly life, then (in the end) unto Us. is
your return,and We shaltinformyou that whichyou used to do."'

He alsosays,

;.t v:'3 ,^':'i
4.:1': ]1i JEit u* .n
2F

"And when a wave covers them like shades (i.e. like clouds or the
mountains of seawater), they invoke Aileh, making their

' Yoonus
l0:22-23

22 Isluum: Its Foundations And Concepts

invocations for Him only. But when He brings them safe to tand,
there are among them those that stop in between (Betief and
disbelief). But none denies Our Signs except every perfidious
ingrate."'

This Lord who broughtthis universeto existence, createdman In
the bestform,embedded his natureservitude submission
in and to
Him, subjected humanreason the beliefin His Lordshio
to and His
exclusiveworthinessof being worshipped. is Allaah whom all
lt
nationsunanimously testifyto His guardianship... He should
as
inevitably be One in His Lordship and worthiness to be
worshipped. He has no partnerin creatingHis creatures,He
As
shouldalso have no partnerin His worthiness beingworshipped.
of
Thereare numerous evidences this,-some of whichare:
for

1- Thereis only in this universe
one God Who is the creator and
the sustainers all. None bringsharm or benefitexceptHim. Had
of
there been any other god besidesHim, that god would have had
his own work, creationand commandand none of bothwould have
allowedanotherto sharethe creation with him. Hence,one of them
must have overpowered and subduedthe other. In that case, the
subduedcould not have been a god and the Subduershouldbe
the real God with whom none can sharethe rightto be worshipped
just as noneshareswith Him His guardianship lordship.
and Allaah
says,

iJ- q ll S.-;'i,il'El; ,:^;:
Jrt; t -r n Ai ii Cy
lb
4 :l' J)r,-a,_& ii :i*'uzl jo -fi; ,1,;,

"M son (or offspring)did AlEh beget, nor is there any il6h (god)
along with Him; (it there had been many gods), then each god

I
Luqmaanl:32
3
*For
rnoreof theseevidences, Kitaabut-Tawheed Muharnrnad
see by lbn
AbdulWahhaab.

Isluam: Its FoundationsAnd Concepts 23

woutd have taken away what he had created, and some would
have tried to overcome others!Glorifiedis Allah above all that they
attributeto Him!"1

2- None deservesto be worshipped but AllaahWho createdthe
heavensand the earths;for, man seeks to gain the favourof the
Lord Who brings him benefit and prevents harm, evils and
calamitiesfrom him and none but the One Who owns the heavens
and the earth is capableof doing all these. Had there been any
other lords as the idolaters claim, human would have taken
do
ways that leadto the worshipof AllaahWho is the True Sovereign.
This is because,all false deitiesthat are worshippedbesidesthe
True Lord, they themselves,used to worship Allaah and seek
nearness Him alone.
to

Therefore, those who want to seek nearnessto Allaah,Who has
the power to give benefitsand bestow harm, should worshipthe
True LordWhom all that is in the heavensand the earth-including
the false deities-do worship.Let those who are searching the
for
truthread (thefollowingverse):

O"it e:i -tsy
'lt| .-'
<
L^e+ ui.r)r 4 )j '':jp-:Jt
r.* o: re 'l Yi {i "r J
- ' 't r t"
,<ti -.i 'iJ ,i.r:c a'lJl
4 ,"J:r)1,--l ti::

Say:(O Muhammad (peacebe upon him) to those polytheists,
pagans) (fo
"Caltupon thosewhomyou assert be associate gods)
beiraes Attah,theypossessnot evenan atom's (or a small ant's)
eitherin the heavens on the earth,nor have they any
weight, or
sharein either,nor there is for Him any supporterfrom among

' A l - M u ' m i n o o2 3 : 9 1
n


them. lntercesslon with Him profits not except for him whom He
permits."l

These verses and others keep the heart from incliningtowards
otherthingsbesides
Allaahthroughfour factors.

One: That those whom the polytheists worshippossessnot even
the weight of an atom with Allaah, and he who possessesnot a
weight of an atom cannot benefitnor harm and therefore,is not
worthyof beingworshipped beingtakenas Allaah's
or associatein
worship lt is AllaahaloneWho ownsthemand controls them.

Two: That they possessnothingin the heavensand the earth ano
they do not even havean atom weightof sharein them.

Three:Allaahhas no helperamong His creatures. Rather,He is
the one who helps them in what is of benefitfor them and drives
away from them what harms them. For, He completelyhas no
need of them; it is they who are ratherwho are in absoluteneed of
Him.

Four: That these so-called associates are not capable of
interceding
with Allaahon behalfof theirfollowersand thev will not
even be given permissionto do so. Allaah does not qtve
permission intercede
to exceptto His friends,and His friends Slso
cannot intercede except on behalf of the one whom Allaah is
pleasedwith his sayings,
deedsand belief 2

3- systematic arrangement and preciseexecution the affairsof
of
this universeis the strongestindicationthat its controlleris one
Lord, one (King),besideWhom there is no other creator.As it is
impossible this universe havetwo creators, it is impossibre
for to so
for it to havetwo Lords.Allaahsavs.

' saba'34:22-23
r Sec 'uyoonil-muwalihideen
Qurratu p.100

Islaam: Its FoundationsAnd Concepts 25

. ,'t.'. -'i r77
e cii 4,i# U,L-.-oJ 4tJl r
"lt;
;A.

"t

"Had there been therein (in the heavens and the earth) alihah
(gods)besrdesAttah,then verilyboth wouldhave been ruined."'

Had it been assumedthat there was in the heavenand the earth
another god besides Allaah, they would have been ruined.
Because;had there been anothergod besidesAllaah,both [Allaah
and the other godl would need to be autocrattc and have the right
of free disoosal.That would have then lead to contentionand
fightingand the ruin of the heaven and the earth would have
occurredas a result. lt is impossiblefor the body to have two
controllingsouls;if that happens -
the bodywill be destroyed how
then can it be imagined which is greater,should
that this universe,
havetwo lords?

4- Consensus the Prophetsand Messengers: nationsagree
of All
that the Prophets and Messengers the wisest,most intelligent,
are
most sincere,most knowledgeable what Allaah
best in morality, of
wants and the most rightlyguided of all people,because,they
receivedrevelation from Allaahand conveyedit to people.And all
-
Prophetsand Messengers right from Adam to the last Prophet
who is Muhammad, peacebe uponthem all - haveall calledthelr
peoplesto the belief in Allaah and abstentionfrom worshipping
anythingbesidesHim and that He is the only True Lord.Allaah
says,

,a/
Y ,arl f;Jl
-
,>9
; ll
Jl
t J a
,lr* - r .'-r
/t
r-t.
zrr.i
--2JJJ
.'
.'.e
v'
ur4i c; y
{,.. 93i5ti

'
A l - A n b i y a2 l : : 2
a

Islaam: Its Foundations And Conc

And We did not send any Messengerbefore you (O Muhammad
(peace be upon him)) but We revealed to him (saying): La itahaitta
Ana (none has the right to be worshipped but | (NEh)) so worship
Me (Aloneand none else)'

He also says aboutNoah- Peacebe upon him - that he told his
peopre,

{tg- i,7 ' ,tn "64;ovi;17r sti;i5 { ,ri}
"T.hatyou worshipnone but Allah;surely, I fear for you the torment
of a painfulDay.''

Allaah - may He be glorified- says about the last of all
Messengers,
Muhammad,

-raiil r-i jl
r :jr Jj>:l-; ;i 3A"L iUl ,g i r^rlA y

"Say (O Muhammad (peace be upon him)) "tt is revealed to me
that your ll6h (God) is onty one ttdh (God - NEh) Wiil you then
submit to His Will (become Muslims and stop worshipping others
besidesNEH?'S

This God ,, ,n" On" who wonderfully createdthe universefrom
naught;He createdman in the bestform and perfected creation
his
and impressed his naturethe affirmation His Lordship
in of and His
exclusiverightto be worshrpped. lets him have peace of mind
He
throughhis submission Him and followingHis path and He
to
ordainedit on his soul not to be at rest until it surrenders its
to
creator and be in continuous contact with Him. He also makes rt
impossible contact
to with Him exceptthroughHis straightpath,

I
Al-Anbiyaal:25 2
I
Hoo<i l:26
I
t
A I - A n b i y a2 l : 1 0 8
a

)'7
Islaam: Its FoundationsAnd Concepts

which the honourable Prophets conveyed. He gave man
which only becomesuprightand functionsproperly
intelligence,
when he believes Allaah,
in Glorvbe to Him'

When one has an upright nature, peaceful
a soul and a believing
heart, one achieveshappiness, securityand peace in this world
and the Hereafter. when man refusesall that, he will live in the
But
alleys of this world disorganised and dividedamong its gods,
ignorantas to who can benefithim or preventharm from him. lt is
in order that true faith may be established the heart and the
in
ugliness disbelief
of may be exposedthat Allaahmakesa parable
- for parablesbring meaningscloserto understanding. makes
He
a parableof a man whoseaffairis dividedbetweennumerous gods
and a man who worshipshis Lord alone.He, may He be glorified,
says,

'J:'4;
i:Li+*

"All6h puts fofth a similitude: a (slave) man belonging to many
partners (like those who worship others along with All6h) disputing
with one another, and a (slave) man belonging entirely to one
master(like those who worshipAll6h Alone). Are those two equal
in comparison?Allthe praisesand thanks are to All6h! But most of
them know not."'

Allaahlikensthe slavewho is a polytheist a slavewho is owned
to
by differentassociatesand over whom they all contendwith each
other.He is dividedamongthem and everyone of them directshim
and assigns responsibilities him. He is confusedamong them
to
and rs always unstable.He is unableto satisfytheir differentand
contradicting apart.
desiresthat tear his energyand directions

' Az-7,tntar 39:29


He also likens the slave who is a monotheistto a slave who rs
owned by a single master.He knows what his masterwants and
the assignments gives him. He is therebycomfortable
he and
settledon a clear path. Both of these two slavescannotbe equal.
For, one submitsto a single master and enjoys the pleasureof
uprightness, knowledge certainty
and and the otherone submits
to
differentand disputingmasters and is thereby punishedano
distressed. is not stableon a condition
He and cannotpleaseeven
one of them let aloneall of them.

After proofs on the existenceof Allaah, His Lordship and His
exclusiveright to be worshippedhave become clear, we should
then acquaintourselveswith His creation the universe
of and man
and knowHis wisdombehind that

And Concepts
Islaam: ItsFoundations 29

Creationof the Universe

This universe, earth,stars,galaxies,
with its heavens, seas,trees
and all livingthingsare createdfrom non-existence Allaah- the
by
Glorified and ExaltedHe savs,

',,,'.t, :..; i-:. i:- ..'rl'.'!2:r.?r(-rt"'
..:-fJ ril-ul ,"J ,4)'ct w-y- a.f-,it;L 15.-1?l o F
) "
.S-ilt?,rrfu u
'^-)i L1
A +'*iW ,'ui W !;t t{i ,,: e'i) W fi L.:;';tiAi
't
,rr:iti ,:rtt"ov3 r-uii J){t'yti
,ei
q" A,>rr-- {- "fr*i

{-;, *IJt ',.Jt

"Say (O Muhammad (peace be upon him)) "Do you verily
disbelievein Him Who createdthe earlh in two Days? And you set
'Alamin
up rivals (in worship) with Him? That is the Lord of the
(mankind, |nn and attthat exisfs,). placed therein(i.e. the earth)
He
firm mountains from above it, and He blessedit, and measured
therein lfs susfenance(for its dwellers)in four Days equal (i.e. all
these four days were equal in the length of time) for all those who
ask (about its creation) Then He (rose over) lstaw€ttowards the
heaven when it was smoke, and said to it and to the earlh: "Come
both of you willingly or unwillingly " They both said: "We come,
wittingty."Then He completedand finishedfrom their creation(as)
seven heavens in two Days and He made in each heaven its affair.
And We adorned the nearest(lowest)heaven with lamps (stars)to
be an adornment as welt as to guard (from the devils by using

30 Islasm: Its Foundations And Concepts

them as miss/es against the devils).Such is the Decreeof Him the
All-Mighty. the All-Knower."1

He alsosavs.

. ";i;{i;
-
'r t,-r.
-lJ>q r^., u:t+ r45 ,:,'+^:li Li ir; Uitt; ;:li y
*i-; ,u" ,F ,t;i
eiri'nt tu-a;
:;-ti ut;;; I) .r-r-ui.fet-l lt^: aW uAu-t;.;
,,
ttl"t*
4.'.V't: Qyl; Oo

Have not those who disbelieveknown that the heavens and the
earth were joined together as one united piece, then We parted
them? And We have made from water every living thing. Will they
not then believe? And We have placed on the eafth firm
mountains, lest it should shake with them, and We placed therein
broad highways for them to pass through, that they may be guided.
And We have made the heaven a roof, safe and well guarded. yet
they turn away fromits srgrns
(i.e. sun,moon, winds, clouds,etc.).'2

Allaahcreated the universe manygreatpurposes.
for Thereare tn
everypartof it greatwisdomand dazzling srgns. you ponder
lf over
a singlesign thereof,you wrllsee wonders. Beholdthe wonders of
the creation Allaahin the plantsin whichalmosteveryleaf,stem
of
and fruit is full of benefit that human intellectcannot fully
comprehend and understand details.
its Beholdthe watercourses
of thosetenderand weak stems, whicheyescan hardlysee except
by carefulobservation, how they are able to draw water from tne
bottom to the top and the water then moves in those courses
according their acceptability capacitieslt then breaksinro
to and
particlesthat cannotbe perceived human eyes. Then behold
by

'
F u s s i l a4 l : 9 - 1 2
t
'
Al-Anbiyaal:30-32 2

Isluam: Its Foundations And Concepts 31

the fruit of a tree and how it movesfrom a stageto anotherlike the
invincible movementof the conditions a foetus.You see a tree
of
growingfrom a mere naked wood with no coveringon it, then its
Lord and Creator covers it with leaves in the most beautiful
manner.He then bringsout its fruit tenderand weak after He has
broughtout its leaf in order to preserveit and make it like ctothing
for that weak fruit so as to protectit againstheat, cold and other
harmfulphenomena. then providessustenance these fruits
He for
through their stems and watercourses that that can nourish
so
them, as an infantis nourished the milk of its mother.He then
by
nurtures fruitsand develops
the them untilthey becomecompletely
ripe. He therebybroughtout that delicious fruit out of that lifeless
wooden-like particle.

When you look at the earth and how it was created,you will see
that it is one of the greatestsigns of its Creator.Allaahmakes it a
resting place and as a bed, and subjectedit to His slaves. He
makes their sustenance, provision and sourcesof livelihood
there
and created therein for them ways and paths so that they can
move about to meet their needs.He fixed it firmlywith mountains
and makesthem as pillarsin orderto protectit againstshaking.He
flattensit, extendsit and spreadsit, makes it a receptacle the
for
living that brings them together on its surface and makes it a
receptacle the dead that bringthem togetherin its interior
for after
theirdeath. lts surfaceis a placeof dwelling the livingand its
for
interior the placeof abodefor the dead.
is

Then look at its revolvingorbit, with its sun, moon, stars and
zodiacs and beholdhow it continuously revolvesaroundthis world
till the end of time in thisorderand proper succession see the
and
differencesin the night, day, seasons,heat and cold which are
resultsof these wonderfulmovements, and the benefitsthey give
to all kindsof animals and plantsand all thatexists the earth.
on

Then reflectover the creationof the heavenand take anotherlook
at it; you will see that it is one of the greatestsigns of Allaah in
altitude.exDansiveness stabilitv.
and Thereis no pillarunderneath

32 Isluum: Its Foundations And Concepts

it and there is no suspender
over it but held by the infinitepowerof
Allaahwhich holdsthe heavenand the earth lestthey fall asunder.

When you also look at this universe, the composition its parts
of
-
and its best arrangement that show the perfectomnipotence of
their Creatorand His perfectknowledge, wisdom and grace - you
will find that it is like a constructededificein which all rtstools ano
requirements provided.The heavenwas erectedwith its roof
are
raisedabove it; the earth made like a placeof rest and a carpetfor
its dwellers; the sun and moon which are like lamps illuminate the
earth; and the stars which are its lanternsand adornmentgive
directions the travellerin the paths of the universe.
to The iewels
and mineralsthat are hiddenin the earth like preparedtreisures
are all made for the purposethat best suits them. All kinds of
plantsand animalsare also preparedfor what they are good for.
Some animalsare good for riding,some are good for milking;
some are good for food and some are betterused as guards.And
He made man theircontroller and like an authorised king above all
of them.

lf you also ponderover this universe eitherin every respector in a
partof it, you will see a lot of wonders.lf you deeplyreflectand you
are sincere with yourself and free yourself from the noose of
whims, capricesand blind imitation, you will know with certainty
that this universe was createdby the All-Wise, All-powerfuland All-
Knower,Who measuredit in the best manner and arrangedit in
the best form. You will atso know with certaintythat it is simply
impossible that the Creatorshould be two; He is only One Lord
besideWhom there is none other worthy of worshipand that hao
therebeen any othergod in the heavensand the earth,theiraffarrs
would have been corrupted, theirorder disruptedand theirwelfare
brokendown.

lf you howeverinsiston attributing creatron othersbesidetne
the to
Creator, whatwillyou say of the mechanism revolves
that arounda
river whose tools and composrtionhave been perfected and
excellently measuredthat the observerdoes not see any defectin
it or its picture.
This riveris situated the middleof a longgarden
in

Islaam: Its Foandations And Concepts 33

in whichthereare different kindsof fruitsthatget theirwaterfrom
this river,and thereis in this garden caretaker
a who bringsits
disunited parts together and perfectly takes care of it so that
nothing it becomes
of defected and nothing its fruitsbecomes
of
decayed. This caretakerthen portions its partsto the outlets
out
according man'sneeds
to and necessities, giving
eachgroup what
it deserves portioningoutin thiswaycontinuously.
and it

Will you thensay that all this happened without handof any
the
creator, hasfreedom choice
who of and is a planner? yousay
Will
thatthe existence thatmechanism garden just accidental
of and is
without creator planner? youimagine
any or Can whatyourreason
will tell you if all thesewereto cometo beingaccidentally?
Can
you imagine to whereyourreason directyou and counsel
as will
youabout?'

Theunderlying
reasons:

Afterall thesereflections
over the creation the universe,
of we
deemit fit to mention
someof the reasons which
for Allaah
created
thesehuge beings astounding
and signs.

1. To subject them to man: WhenAllaahdecreed createa
to
successor thisearth would worshipping andinhabit
on that be Him
the earth;He created thesethings him,thathe mighthave
all for
an upright and havematters his present and thatof his
life of life
final put
abode right him.
for Allaah
says,

I This
section expunged
is from differentplacesfionr the book, "Miftaahu
d a a r i s - s a ' a a d o t2 5 1 2 6 9 .
a . -


And has subjectedto you all that is in the heavens and allthat is in
the eafth; it is atlas a favor and kindnessfrom Him.n

He also says,

'6_?G',c
,y -, ,:c-ai3: Jlis u..,{ri o"iAi * ,sfr i'i y

E ;i"-t.;=i ii a &e. <ffin e;i"E Grty'Ai
/"' 'gt
:A,FIJ JJI t *i" itit';:1 ;Ai ;i,A'A3'tl
,.i,f .
jrj)l
z
-_t! t6t;! J - . i q . . ji'l{--.4 t i . , ls-i; OIt ;}:,:JL , , .Lt
"=. r
i
i..-_i2. .Lt tti(, r 2:
vll^ Ot ftul;i
- - .. a / D t. /
( r'g)it"=- lrt'hJ

'All6his He Whohascreated heavens theeafthandsends
the and
down water(rain)from the sky,and therebybroughtforth fruitsas
provisionfor you; and He has made the shrpsto be of serviceto
you, thattheymay sailthrough sea by His Command; He
fhe and
hasmaderivers (also)to be of serviceto you. And He has made
the sun and the moon, both constantly pursuingtheir courses,fo
be of serviceto you; and He hasmadethe nightand the day, to be
of serviceto you. And He gaveyou of all thatyou askedfor, and if
you countthe Blessings All6h,neverwill you be able to count
of
them. Verily!Man is indeedan extremewrong-doer, disbeliever
a
(an extreme ingrate, whodeniesAll6h's 8/essrngs disbelief,
by and
by worshipping othersbesrdes All6h,and by di2obeyingAlldhand
HisProphet Muhammad (peace uponhim)).'"
be

2. To make the heavens and the earth and all that is in the
universeproofsof Allaah'sLordship and signsof His Oneness.
Because, greatest
the thingin thislife,is to affirm Lordship
the of
Allaahand His Oneness. And because the fact that. it is the
of

'
A l - J a a t h i y a4 5 :l 3
h
2
lbraaheem 14.32-34

Islaam: Its FoundotionsAnd Concepts 35

greatest matter, Allaah has establishedin its support greatest
evidences and signsand provedit with the most convincing proofs.
So, Allaah createdthe heavens,the earth and all other beingsto
make them evidences that.That is why statements
for like, "Among
His srgns"are mentionedin the abundancelike in the following
verses.

ar-
4u.l{i ?';-ui Jtt -:;-t; us )

"And among Hls SrErns fhe creationof the heavensand the
ls
eafth."

4 zQi;,FV*c '*'r; a:
"And among Hrs Srgns is the sleep that you take by night and by
day."

'..ai') ',- ' .
, rr l - i . , 1 . , , -a:+te glJ f
t t'4JaJ tif OrCt e=.t-t

"And among His Signs is that He shows you the lightning,for fear
and for hope."

| .a a-J ', t. a .

4 ':rJ6tr:Cat f* 6t '1;'l; asb

and the earth stand
"AndamongHis Srgrns fhaf the heavens
ls by
HisCommand."'

3. To make them evidences the existence the Day of
of of
since
Resurrection, thelifeis two lives, lifeof thisworldanda life
a

' Ar-Roorn
30:22-25

36 Islaam: Its Foundations,And Concepts

of the Hereafter
thoughthe life of the Hereafter the real.Allaah
is
says,

't
.a t ,. -.i'i 'r;-ti
.v i'll c--tl
.l

s.P {r Wi1 :+- c 5 Y
,t..- / 'i" ittJu-
lt.
( ,':r: .-r.,jp.lr?

"And this life of the world is only amusement and ptay! Verily, the
home of the Hereafter - that is the life indeed (i.e., the eternat life
that will never end), if they but knew."I

This is because the home of the Hereafter is the home of
recompenseand reckoningand there is there eternal bliss for
those who deserveit and eternaltormentfor thosewho deserveit.
Since man cannot reach that home except after he dies and is
resurrected; existenceis denied by those whose relationship
its
with their Lord has been cut, whose naturehas suffereda relapse
and whosesenseof reasoning has beendamaged.lt is because of
this that Allaah establishedproofs and evidencesin order that
souls might believe and hearts might have conviction; for
reproduction the soul is much easier than its first creationand
of
the creation of the heavens and the earth is greater than the
reproduction man.Allaahsavs,
of

'+'
t j!.i ,^t ,1.;-I ,tt;Ji s. *i y
i"+

"AndHe it is Whooriginates creation,
the repeatit (afterit
therywill
hasbeenperished) thisr's
and easier Him.'"
for

Healsosays,

'
Al-Ankaboot2g:64
2
A r - R o o m3 0 : 2 7

Islaam: Its Foundotions And Concepts 37

! r6i ;oi ,*S *L:J | ,'.i,;
,'Ai O.t{i.2,'e-:ti ,p V
. t-.,.

t::l ).}.!l

"Thecreationof the heavensand the eafth is indeedgreaterthan
thecreation mankind. most mankind
of vet of knownot."l

He alsosays,

-:. .ti ,47 ,
4irr f
CJ t9+r
',ziit*Ai
;i<ji w. ;tri';'j' ,# Ft 6A?5
,-4 SG,
ttl

4':t>'o*;'&t
"All6h is He Who raised the heavens without any pillars that you
can see. Then, He rose above (lstawd) the Throne (really in a
manner fhat suifs His Majesty).He has subjectedthe sun and the
moon (to continue going round), each running (its course) for a
term appointed. He regulates all affairs; explaining the Ay6t
(proofs, evidences, yerses, /essons, signs, revelations, etc.) in
detail,^thatyou may believe with ceftainty in the meeting with your
Lord.'*

After all this O man! lf this entire universehas been subjectedto
you and all its signs and proofshave been shown to you, you will
testifythat there is no Lord worthy of worshipexceptAllaahAlone
Who has no partner. When you have knownthat your resurrection
and life after death is easierthan the creationof the heavensand
the earth, that you shall meet your Lord Who will call you to
accountfor your deeds and you have known that all this universe

I
Ghaafir 0:574
t
A r - R a ' dl 3 : 2


worships its Lord that all His creatures glorify their Lord with
praisesas confirmed Allaah,
by

.i :t7 ! ,i.: ,,1: i :r . . t
/ ,-, z.i .- z rl ,.
{ :,t.-=!cl-t J;)t ,J-J|A1 .:-ttli;,r)i 4 t4 ,>''931 C Y * &;-y

"Whatsoever is in the heavens and whatsoever is in the eafth
glorifies Allah, the King (of everything), the Holy, the All-Mighty, the
Att-Wise."1

That,they all prostrate His Majestyas He says,
for

';a1
3Ai, u.r'lt g;p3,->,'9^ai n ,:"i ..J'-f-fii ,r ,i y
a :rri
"crii
*:; -si o1i G"i4,L. rittii';uii Jaji i$ii
' 'i,-:,41 -.
)t '
-," t '. ,.r, ral L+J a! | .' * .. J tI
z v. vr-v

"Seeyou not that whoeveris in the heavens and whoeveris on the
earth, and the sun, and the moon, and the stars, and the
mountains, and the trees, and Ad-Dawab (moving (iving)
creatures, beasfs,),and many of mankind prostrate themselves to
Allah. But there are many (men) on whom the punishment is
iustified. And whomsoeverAll6h^disgraces, none can honor him.
Verily!Allahdoes what He wills.''

Even these beingsworshiptheir Lord in a way that suits them as
explained Allaahin this verse,
by

I
Al-Jumu'ah 2:l
6
'at.lr.aiizz:tt

Islaam: Its Foundations And Concepts 39

'4"^i lii ii
lL i "S-;-i* fuii *r{tr,.r"*ai a c*n ; V

"See you not (O Muhammad(peacebe upon him)) that All6h, He it
is Whom glorify whosoeveris in the heavens and the eafth, and
the birds with wings out-spread (in their flight). Ot each one He
(AlEh) knows indeed hls Sa/df (prayer) and his glorification, (or
everyoneknows hls Sa/df(prayer)and his glorification)."'

lf your entire body does actuallywork in order accordingto the
decreeof Allaahand His regulation: heart,the lungs,the liver
the
and all otherpartsof the bodysubmitand surrenderto theirLord...
Will your optionaldecisionafter all this be betweenbelief in your
Lord and disbeliefin Him? Will your decisionbe antipathytowards
and deviationfrom this blessedpath of the world aroundyou and
even of your body?

Actually,the completelysane man will considerhimselffar above
choosing antipathyand deviationin the vastness of this great
universe.

I
A n - N o o r2 4 : 4 1


Creatingand Honouring Man

It was a decisionof Allaah to createa creaturethat could inhabit
this universe and His choicefell on man. lt is also in accordance
with His Divine Wisdom that the matter from which man was
createdwas the earth. He originatedhis creationfrom clay and
then moulded him on this beautiful
shapethat he has now.When
he has becomecompletely perfectin that shape,He breathedlife
Into him through His Spirit (Angel Jibreel-Gabriel)and He made
him becomeman in the best form; providedhim with the abilitvto
hear, see, move and speak. Then his Lord made him live rn
Paradise, taught him all that he neededto know, made lawfulfor
him all that was in Paradiseand forbadehim from a sinqletree -
as a test for him.

Allaah wanted to show man's positionand standing;so He
commandedHis Angels to prostratefor him. All of the Angels
prostrated but Satan arroganfly and obstinately refused to
prostrate. Allaah became angry with him for his disobedience
So
and expelledhim from His Mercy becauseof his arrogance. Satan
asked Allaahto extend his life and give him respitetill the Day of
Resurrection.So, Allaah extended his life till the Dav of
Resurrection

Satanbecameenviousof Adam becauseof the preference and he
his childrenwere given over him. He swore by His Lord that he
would mislead all the childrenof Adam, that he would come to
them from their front and rear, and from their left and from their
rightexceptthe sincere,piousand truthfulslavesof Allaahamong
them,for suchAllaahhas protected againstthe evil plansof Satan.
AllaahwarnedAdam of the evil plan of Satan,but Satan tempted
Adam and his wife Hawwain orderto get them out of paradiseano
to uncoverfor them that that was hiddenfrom them of their orivate
parts. He swore by Allaah to them that he was a srncerewell-
wisher for them and that Allaah had not forbidden them from that
tree savethey shouldbecomeangelsor becomeof the immortals.

Islaam: Its Foundations And Concepts 4l

Having been influencedby the deceptionof Satan, Adam and
Hawwa ate of the forbiddentree and the first punishmentthat
afflictedthem for theirdisobedience Allaah'scommandwas that,
of
which that was hidden from them of their private parts became
exposedand Allaahreminded them of His warningaboutthe tricks
of Satan.

Adam then sought for the forgivenessof his Lord. So Allaah
forgaveHim, acceptedhis repentance, chose him and guidedhim.
He then orderedhim to descendfrom the Paradise where he was
living,to the earthwhereintherewas his abode and his enjoyment
for a time. He also told him that it was from earth that he was
created,that on it he would live and die and that !t is from it that he
would be resurrected.

Adam and his wife Hawwa then descendedto the earth and their
childrenprocreated and they all used to worshipAllaah, because
their father Adam was a Prophet.Allaah tells us this story in the
glorious Qur'aanwhereHe says,

-i '-t t t '-.'r:
i! r]r*--3 p:) l.e.r*;t -is.fi"ll- ,t- iB rtt , "frf- s ' r* i t , -"e
t .7 ;-:,",, t- o
" 2: ""i.
"!i F
1.i.,.:".,'-'i:. . t -: t,t .,. . .. ...'. -- -i
l,rlJtr JX;l 5l r--J ll..:1't t- Jt-ii!) a_t-)-:!Ati d/._,fu )
z 2-
H)
i.,ir 1.,.i,." r.".,.' , t.-.',. ,t -".i. t.'r-
Ol .rU otsv L.r qy L."r'UJLi ':ltt,* J. 'a;Art * s: ,tsil- ^'a -;;
....' . . ,..: - .
c-[] Ju '.t",
6;-la-rr2JIU], Jti :D rt"],-Aie,tL) i;u W ;5i
.: t'ia .: ,1 . . t1'11 -. - t: ,"1

e :!.' 6:;;'.:*lt gL'/" p trr;) e?t Li9 Jt i:!) cp-lh:Jl ;
"

w t** & Lt; us"t1r-i tiri.- q, tli J6 r31 3.6i
'1,t^r; * '*;i
; <K'tei eLi:t .t"i ki ii6J; r1'3) :.<.


cl A#.,iu.ni Ct a*i ;D',gLsij, vr<tt';Ai y- p
6i-'j1i**j :y u" ti?i tka u Js'r4r* o, c+-e (
G,j

;Ab rt;,+ u+i ui',* Ci a- rvAi st:tJ'/+ siii
'ol
6 ,*ii ;ei ,;* * k;i if 1; c+tui"-4-i4:i or
u^;;, a '*; i obu-:Lir* t,J:lr! ,?=)"q.3iL jJ:hi
,:K
e.t.. ,,.,. - . i. 1: L.i
. ",r ,2t. i i ".,!
,r) c F3 Je ud.>4r,
".
lqb^.al JU :,;fi g_74;Jl - UF
U
, .J- . - . I t. -a

{ ::!)i;} q4ii;* t<+:i't+ wJ6;!) J) yi"";u
f
And surely, We created you (your father Adam) and then gave you
shape (the noble shape of a human being); then We told the
angels, "Prostrate yourselves to Adam", and they prostrated
themselves,except lblis (Satan), he refused to be of those who
prostrated themselves.(NEh) said: "What preventedyou (O lblis)
that you did not prostrateyourself, when I commandedyou?" lbtis
said: "l am better than him (Adam), You created me from fire, and
him You created from clay." (NIeh) said. "(O lblis) get down from
this (Paradise),it is not for you to be arrogant here. Get out, for you
are of those humiliated and disgraced." (lblis) said: "Allow me
respite till the Day they are raised up (i.e. the Day of
Resurrectrbn)."(All6h) said: "You are of those resplted." (tbtis)
said: "Because You have sent me astray, surely I will sit in wait
against them (human beings) on Your Straight Path. Then I will
come to them from before them and behind them, from their right
and from their left, and You will not find most of them as thankfut
ones (i.e. they will not be dutiful to You) " (Neh) said (to tbtis) "Get
out from this (Paradise) disgraced and expelled. Whoever of them
(mankind) will follow you, then surety I wiil fiil Heil with you att."
"And O Adam! Dwell you and your wife in Paradise, and eat thereof

Islaam: Its FoundationsAnd Concepts 43

as you both wish, but approach not this tree othervvise you both will
be of the Zdtim1n (unjustand wrong-doers)." Then Shaitdn(Satan)
whispered suggesflons to them both in order to uncover that which
was hidden from them of their privafe parts (before); he said: "Your
Lord did not forbid you this tree save you should become angels or
become of the immortals."Andhe (Shaitdn(Satan))swore by All6h
to them both (saying):"Verily,I am one of the sincerewell-wishers
for you both." So he misledthem with deception. Then when they
tasfed of the tree, that which was hidden from them of their shame
(private parts)became manifestto them and they began to cover
fhemse/ves with the leaves of Paradise (in order to cover their
shame).And their Lord called out to them (saying): "Did I not forbid
you that tree and tell you: Verily, Shaitdn (Satan) is an open enemy
-unto
you?" They said: "Our Lord! We have wronged ourselves.lf
You forgive us not, and bestow not upon us Your Mercy, we shall
'
certainty be of the /osers. (Aileh) said: "Get down, one of you an
enemy to the other (i.e.Adam, HawwA'(Eve), and Shaltdn(Satan))
On earth witl be a dwelling-place for you and an enioyment for a
time." He said: "Thereinyou shall live, and therein you shall die,
and from it you shallbe broughtout (i.e. resurrected)."'

Consider greatness Allaah'swork in man. He createdhim in
the of
the best form, clothed him with traits of honour like intellect,
knowledge, eloquence, of speaking,beautiful
art figure,moderate
body, ability to acquire knowledgethrough analogicaldeduction
and thinking and ability to acquire noble characteristics like,
righteousness, acts of obedience and submission Allaah.Far is
to
his conditionwhile he was just a drop of spermkept in the womb of
his motherfrom his creation whilethe Angel will enter upon him in
the Paradise.

(,'C cn-r,ri
;;i'Ai tr(','l

I
A l - A ' r a a7 : l l - 2 5
f

Islaam: Its Foundations And C,

"So b/essedbe Atl6h,the Bestof Creators."l

This world is a villageand man is its inhabitant. is preoccupied
All
becauseof him and all is made to work for his interests. oiher
All
creaturesare made to serve him and providefor his needs. The
angels are chargedto protecthim duringday and night.Those of
them.who are chargedwith provisionof rain and pllnts strive to
providehim with his sustenance; orbits are made to surrenderto
him and revolvein his services; the sun, moon and stars are all
subjectedto move in line with his time reckoningand for the
betterment his food arrangement. aerialworto
of The witn its winds,
clouds,birds and all that it containsis also subjected him. so is
to
the lower world with all its seas and rivers,its trees and fruits.its
plants and animals and allthatis in it. Allaahsays,

'" l: '-' -'rri 'r..t. .. -i;i-
', ,l*,
- .. - zi -i- .'i,t-
,y (_Pv',t' 4 oJ'J.f)tr1 9"2:^JJl dI; cj+Jl tii )
'?i 'L' .^*
-:fV
^''r. : -ii <-u;rr r - i;i, . . - * - i 1 ,u.,;,r'Ai
- 1 t z -, - r-.
d.r F-i 4t O 64 E iKl
. = . n- v r r i - i'11 '2i .'. - -o -. ,- . -'-if. .1,-t t)i ,. . -
:T itillj JJr -<t r-_, eH.t) r4-artr
r-*-.Jt E *i (:D ifry1
. l ' /

ir-"), ,_r! l^raa j ,iJtj^^! ts^i; olj ;;jL t_ J4
n 6i,ri
. - ../
{ ;1E,}
ik=- t!-hJ

"Alldhis He who has createdthe heavensand the earth and sends
down water (rain) from the sky, and thereby brought forth fruits as
provision for you; and He has made the shrps to be of service to
you, that they may sail through fhe sea by His Command; and He
has made rivers (also) to be of serviceto you. And He h?s ffiade
the sun and the moon, both constanttypursuing their courses, to
be of seruiceto you; and He has made the night and the day, to be
of service to you. And He gave you of att that you askedfor, and if
you count the Blessingsof All6h, never will you be abte to count

'
Al-Mu'minoon23:14

Islaam: Its Foundations And Concepts 45

them. Verily! Man is indeed an extreme wrong-doer, a disbeliever
(an extremeingrate,who denies Allah's8/esslngsby disbelief,and
by worshippingothers besides All6h,and by disobeyingAll6h and
His ProphetMuhammad(peacebe upon him))."'

To completeHis honour on man, He createdfor him all that he
needsin his worldlylife and all that he needsthat can make him
attainthe highestpositionsin the Hereafter. as such, revealed
He
to him His Books and sent to him His Messengers to
explaining
him the Law of Allaahand calling him untoit.

Then Allaah created for him from his own self - meaningfrom
Adam himself- a wife,so that he mightenjoythe pleasure living
of
with her, in responseto his natural needs, be it psychological,
intellectual and physical. He then found with her comfort,
tranquillityand stability and both of them found in their
togetherness peace, contentedness, love and mercy; becauseof
their physical, psychologicaland nervous composition,both of
them are made to respondto the desiresof each other and both
are made to be in harmony in the process of producingnew
generations. The soulsof both are enriched with thesefeelingsand
their relationship filled with comfort for the soul and nerves,
is
peace for the body and mind, stability the life and subsistence,
for
familiarity souls and conscience
for and a tranquillity the man
for
and womanon an equalbasis.

Allaahthen chosethe believers among mankindand made them
his frrends. madethem obey Him and work for Him according
He to
his Laws in order to make them qualifyto live in His Paradise. He
choseamong them Prophets, Messengers, saintsand martyrsand
blessedthen in this world with the best favourthat human souls
can enjoy:worshipping Allaah,obeyingHim and supplicating to
him. He also distinguished them with great favours- that others
cannotget - amongwhich are: peace,tranquillity happiness,
and
and greaterthan all this is the fact that they know the truththat was
brought the Messengers believe it. Allaahthen keepsfor
by and in

I l4:32-34
Ibraaheern


them - in the Hereafter the everlasting
- bliss and great success
that befit His generosity,
glory be to Him. He will atso rewardtheir
beliefin Him and theirsincerity Him and willgive them moreout
to
of His Bounty.

The position of woman:

In lslaam,the womanis accorded high position,
a whichshe was
not accordedin any of the previousreligionsand which no nation
will accordher but lslaam.This is because,both man and woman
on equalbasissharethe honourthat lslaamconferred mankind.
on
Humansare equal beforerulesof Allaah in this world as they will
be equalas regardsHis rewardand recompense the Last Day.
on
Allaahsays,

4.i:r; A, Lf tdt o y

"And indeed, We have honouredthe chitdrenof Adam."1

He alsosays,

914'ii!'; ti L+i ,s;ts; o]j.fii 9t4-;,i 6 e.ei Jt;1).y
!;
/ ' 'il'-
(/ i-,:,jjlj

"Thereis a share for men and a sharefor women from what is teft
by parentsand those nearestretated.'2

6ii t" 33y

'
A I - l s r a al 7 : 7 0 .
2
An-Nisaa : 7 4

ISLAM Its Foundation And Concepts

ISLAM Its Foundation And Concepts

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