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Introduction Wk 1 Biochem

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Biochemistry Mcu
Biochemistry Mcu

This document summarizes the key topics covered in Chapter 1 of a biochemistry textbook. It introduces the basic components of life, including the six most common elements in organisms, functional groups in molecules, and important biomolecules like proteins, carbohydrates, nucleic acids and lipids. It also describes the energetic and evolutionary foundations of biochemistry, cellular structures in prokaryotes and eukaryotes, and how biochemistry integrates concepts from other disciplines like chemistry, genetics and physiology.

1 of 53
Chapter 1 Introduction to Biochemistry Prentice Hall c2002 Chapter 1 ,[object Object]
1.1 Biochemistry Is a Modern Science Prentice Hall c2002 Chapter 1 ,[object Object],[object Object]
Two notable breakthroughs in the history of biochemistry Prentice Hall c2002 Chapter 1 (1) Discovery of the role of enzymes as catalysts (2) Identification of nucleic acids as information molecules Flow of information: from nucleic acids to proteins DNA RNA Protein
History of Biochemistry ,[object Object],[object Object],Prentice Hall c2002 Chapter 1
History of Biochemistry ,[object Object],[object Object],Prentice Hall c2002 Chapter 1
Prentice Hall c2002 Chapter 1
1.2 The Chemical Elements of Life Prentice Hall c2002 Chapter 1 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Fig 1.1 Periodic Table of the elements Prentice Hall c2002 Chapter 1 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Prentice Hall c2002 Chapter 1
Functional groups in biochemistry Prentice Hall c2002 Chapter 1 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Fig 1.2 (a) General formulas Prentice Hall c2002 Chapter 1
Fig 1.2(b) General Formulas Prentice Hall c2002 Chapter 1
Fig 1.2 (c) General Formulas Prentice Hall c2002 Chapter 1
1.3 Many Important Biomolecules are Polymers Prentice Hall c2002 Chapter 1 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
A. Proteins Prentice Hall c2002 Chapter 1 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Fig 1.3 Structure of an amino acid and a dipeptide Prentice Hall c2002 Chapter 1 (a) Amino group (blue), carboxylate group (red) (b) Dipeptides are connected by peptide bonds
Polypeptides Prentice Hall c2002 Chapter 1 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
B. Polysaccharides Prentice Hall c2002 Chapter 1 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Fig 1.5 Representations of the structure of ribose Prentice Hall c2002 Chapter 1
Fig 1.6 (a) Glucose, (b) Cellulose Prentice Hall c2002 Chapter 1 Glycosidic bonds connecting glucose residues are in red
C. Nucleic Acids Prentice Hall c2002 Chapter 1 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Fig 1.7 Deoxyribose Prentice Hall c2002 Chapter 1 ,[object Object]
Nitrogenous bases Prentice Hall c2002 Chapter 1 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Fig 1.8 Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) Prentice Hall c2002 Chapter 1 ,[object Object]
Fig 1.9 Structure of a dinucleotide Prentice Hall c2002 Chapter 1 ,[object Object]
Fig 1.10 Short segment of a DNA molecule Prentice Hall c2002 Chapter 1 ,[object Object],[object Object]
D. Lipids and Membranes Prentice Hall c2002 Chapter 1 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Fig 1.11 Structures of (a) glycerol 3-phosphate, (b) a glycerophospholipid Prentice Hall c2002 Chapter 1
Fig 1.12 Model of a membrane lipid Prentice Hall c2002 Chapter 1 ,[object Object],[object Object]
Fig 1.13 Structure of a biological membrane Prentice Hall c2002 Chapter 1 ,[object Object]
1.4 The Energetics of Life Prentice Hall c2002 Chapter 1 ,[object Object],[object Object]
Energy Flow Prentice Hall c2002 Chapter 1
Metabolism and energy Prentice Hall c2002 Chapter 1 ,[object Object],[object Object]
1.5 Biochemistry and Evolution Prentice Hall c2002 Chapter 1 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
1.6 The Cell is the Basic Unit of Life Prentice Hall c2002 Chapter 1 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
1.7 Prokaryotic Cells: Structural Features Prentice Hall c2002 Chapter 1 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Fig. 1.14 E. coli cell Prentice Hall c2002 Chapter 1
1.8 Eukaryotic Cells: Structural Features Prentice Hall c2002 Chapter 1 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Fig 1.15 (a) Eukaryotic cell (animal) Prentice Hall c2002 Chapter 1
Fig 1.15(b) Eukaryotic cell (plant) Prentice Hall c2002 Chapter 1
A. The Nucleus Prentice Hall c2002 Chapter 1 Nuclear envelope and endoplasmic reticulum of a eukaryotic cell
B. Endoplasmic Reticulum and Golgi Apparatus Prentice Hall c2002 Chapter 1 ,[object Object],[object Object]
Golgi apparatus Prentice Hall c2002 Chapter 1
C. Mitochondria and Chloroplasts Prentice Hall c2002 Chapter 1 ,[object Object]
Chloroplasts - sites of photosynthesis in plants, green algae Prentice Hall c2002 Chapter 1
D. Specialized Vesicles Prentice Hall c2002 Chapter 1 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
E. The Cytoskeleton Prentice Hall c2002 Chapter 1 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
1.10 Biochemistry is Multidisciplinary Prentice Hall c2002 Chapter 1 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Biochemistry draws its major themes from: ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Prentice Hall c2002 Chapter 1
Biochemistry draws its major themes from ,[object Object],[object Object],Prentice Hall c2002 Chapter 1
Biochemistry draws its major themes from ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Prentice Hall c2002 Chapter 1
  Uses of Biochemistry   ,[object Object],Prentice Hall c2002 Chapter 1
Uses of Biochemistry ,[object Object],[object Object],Prentice Hall c2002 Chapter 1

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Introduction Wk 1 Biochem

  • 1.
  • 2.
  • 3. Two notable breakthroughs in the history of biochemistry Prentice Hall c2002 Chapter 1 (1) Discovery of the role of enzymes as catalysts (2) Identification of nucleic acids as information molecules Flow of information: from nucleic acids to proteins DNA RNA Protein
  • 4.
  • 5.
  • 7.
  • 8.
  • 10.
  • 11. Fig 1.2 (a) General formulas Prentice Hall c2002 Chapter 1
  • 12. Fig 1.2(b) General Formulas Prentice Hall c2002 Chapter 1
  • 13. Fig 1.2 (c) General Formulas Prentice Hall c2002 Chapter 1
  • 14.
  • 15.
  • 16. Fig 1.3 Structure of an amino acid and a dipeptide Prentice Hall c2002 Chapter 1 (a) Amino group (blue), carboxylate group (red) (b) Dipeptides are connected by peptide bonds
  • 17.
  • 18.
  • 19. Fig 1.5 Representations of the structure of ribose Prentice Hall c2002 Chapter 1
  • 20. Fig 1.6 (a) Glucose, (b) Cellulose Prentice Hall c2002 Chapter 1 Glycosidic bonds connecting glucose residues are in red
  • 21.
  • 22.
  • 23.
  • 24.
  • 25.
  • 26.
  • 27.
  • 28. Fig 1.11 Structures of (a) glycerol 3-phosphate, (b) a glycerophospholipid Prentice Hall c2002 Chapter 1
  • 29.
  • 30.
  • 31.
  • 32. Energy Flow Prentice Hall c2002 Chapter 1
  • 33.
  • 34.
  • 35.
  • 36.
  • 37. Fig. 1.14 E. coli cell Prentice Hall c2002 Chapter 1
  • 38.
  • 39. Fig 1.15 (a) Eukaryotic cell (animal) Prentice Hall c2002 Chapter 1
  • 40. Fig 1.15(b) Eukaryotic cell (plant) Prentice Hall c2002 Chapter 1
  • 41. A. The Nucleus Prentice Hall c2002 Chapter 1 Nuclear envelope and endoplasmic reticulum of a eukaryotic cell
  • 42.
  • 43. Golgi apparatus Prentice Hall c2002 Chapter 1
  • 44.
  • 45. Chloroplasts - sites of photosynthesis in plants, green algae Prentice Hall c2002 Chapter 1
  • 46.
  • 47.
  • 48.
  • 49.
  • 50.
  • 51.
  • 52.
  • 53.