4. Scientific Classification
Sugarcane is a tropical type of crop
it belongs to the grass family (Poaceae),
an economically important seed plant
family that includes maize, wheat, rice
and many crops.
The main product of sugarcane is sucrose,
which accumulates in the stalk
internodes.
Sucrose, extracted and purified in
specialized mill factories, is used as raw
material in human food industries or is
fermented to produce ethanol.
5. Abouttheconditionsneededto grow
sugarcane
It is a tropical type of crop
It grows in areas of high temperature and
heavy rain fall and good irrigational facilities
It needs sandy loamy soil and red soil for its
cultivation
6. Sugarcane Cultivation
Preparation of Land:
– Plough the land thrice length wise and breadth wise and
level properly.
– Prepare furrows 25cm deep and 75cm apart for short
duration and 90cm apart for medium duration varieties.
– In hills tracts prepare pits in rows along the contour at
spacing of 30cm in the row and 75cm between the rows.
Selection of setts:
– Select top ends of mature healthy disease free canes up to
1/3 of total length and cut into setts of three eye buds.
– The seed rate is 40000 to 45000 per hectare.
8. Sugarcane Cultivation
Seed management:
For control of fungus diseases
like red rot, dip cut ends of
setts in 0.25% solution of
copper based fungicide.
Planting:
Plant setts end to end in the
furrow, with the eye buds
facing sideways and cover with
soil.
In the pit system, plant 2-3
setts in each pit.
9. Sugarcane Cultivation
Water management:
Irrigate the crop 8-10 times depending upon the availability of
rains. In early growth periods, irrigate the crop at more
frequent intervals. However, avoid too much moisture and
water stagnation especially during germination and early
growth phases.
10. Sugarcane Cultivation
Other important activities in sugarcane
cultivation include:
Nutrient management
Weed management:
Pest management:
Disease management:
12. Sugarcane varieties
In India, there are number of varieties available based on
suitability of different States.
For example in Maharashtra CoC671 and Co86032 and in the
drier parts of Tamil Nadu Co86032 are found to be the best
varieties for high productivity and sugar recovery.
15. Uses
Ethanol is generally available as a byproduct of sugar
production. It can be used as a biofuel alternative to gasoline.
16. Karnataka
sugarcane growth
dropping down
As we can see in the
table that comparing to
two neighbouring that is
Tamil nadu . Karnataka ‘s
sugarcane production is
very less compared to
Tamil nadu but more
than Kerala .
But in Karnataka the
areas of growth of
sugarcane is 37567 it is
more than Tamil nadu
and Kerala .