The document discusses agriculture and land use in Europe between 1650-1850. Prior to the agricultural revolution, the open-field system was prevalent where peasants farmed communal land. Life for peasants was difficult and poverty was widespread. The agricultural revolution introduced innovations like crop rotation and growing crops on previously unused land, increasing agricultural production by 50%. The enclosure movement privatized land in England, negatively impacting many rural peasants. Figures like Jethro Tull experimented with new farming techniques, helping transform English agriculture.

1. Agriculture and the Land c.e. 1650-1850 Eastview High School AP European History Chapter 19 – The Expansion of Europe in the 18 th Century Section 1 – Agriculture and the Land McKay, et al., 8 th edition “ For the overwhelming majority of the population in the eighteenth century, life remained a struggle with poverty and uncertainty, with the landlord and the tax collector.” (McKay, et al., 629)