The French and Indian War By Brad Dougherty & Peter Shim

Origins of the War By the 1750’s, English and French settlements were expanding The French had claimed a region of the interior stretching from The Great Lakes south to Louisiana To secure their hold, the French built up communities and fortresses

By the 1750’s, English and French settlements were expanding

The French had claimed a region of the interior stretching from The Great Lakes south to Louisiana

To secure their hold, the French built up communities and fortresses

Origins of the War (cont’d) The English were preparing to spread across the Appalachian Mtns. In 1749 a group of Virginia businessmen secured 500,000 acres of Ohio Valley land for settlement The French, in an effort to keep the English from expanding, constructed new fortresses in the Ohio Valley

The English were preparing to spread across the Appalachian Mtns.

In 1749 a group of Virginia businessmen secured 500,000 acres of Ohio Valley land for settlement

The French, in an effort to keep the English from expanding, constructed new fortresses in the Ohio Valley

Origins of the War (cont’d) The English interpreted this as a threat to their settlements and began to make military preparations

The English interpreted this as a threat to their settlements and began to make military preparations

Claims to North America before 1750

Beginning of the War In the summer of 1745, the governor of Virginia sent a militia force into the Ohio Valley to challenge French expansion This militia was led by an inexperienced young colonel named George Washington

In the summer of 1745, the governor of Virginia sent a militia force into the Ohio Valley to challenge French expansion

This militia was led by an inexperienced young colonel named George Washington

Fort Necessity Washington built a small fort called Fort Necessity After an unsuccessful attack on the French, the French trapped Washington and his troops inside the fort After a third of his troops were killed, Washington was forced to surrender

Washington built a small fort called Fort Necessity

After an unsuccessful attack on the French, the French trapped Washington and his troops inside the fort

After a third of his troops were killed, Washington was forced to surrender

1754 - 1756 Primarily a North American Conflict Dominated by French Most Indian tribes allied with the French Colonists had to manage the war themselves

Primarily a North American Conflict

Dominated by French

Most Indian tribes allied with the French

Colonists had to manage the war themselves

1756 – 1758 Governments of France and Britain formally opened hostilities In 1757, the English secretary of state William Pitt started to bring the war effort under control of the British government This caused resentment from the colonists By 1758, the friction between the colonists and the British threatened to bring the war efforts to a halt

Governments of France and Britain formally opened hostilities

In 1757, the English secretary of state William Pitt started to bring the war effort under control of the British government

This caused resentment from the colonists

By 1758, the friction between the colonists and the British threatened to bring the war efforts to a halt

1758 - 1760 This caused Pitt to relax some of the policies Resulted in an immediate increase in colonist support Pitt dispatched a large number of additional troops In July 1759, the fortress of Louisbourg was captured by Jeffrey Amherst and James Wolfe In September, Quebec fell to Wolfe and his army A year later, the French formally surrendered

This caused Pitt to relax some of the policies

Resulted in an immediate increase in colonist support

Pitt dispatched a large number of additional troops

In July 1759, the fortress of Louisbourg was captured by Jeffrey Amherst and James Wolfe

In September, Quebec fell to Wolfe and his army

A year later, the French formally surrendered

Land Reorganization Britain gained control over half the North American continent, including: French Canada All French territorial claims east of the Mississippi River Spanish Florida In return, Britain gave Cuba and the Philippines back to Spain France compensated its Spanish ally for the loss of Florida by giving it title to all of Louisiana west of the Mississippi River

Britain gained control over half the North American continent, including:

French Canada

All French territorial claims east of the Mississippi River

Spanish Florida

In return, Britain gave Cuba and the Philippines back to Spain

France compensated its Spanish ally for the loss of Florida by giving it title to all of Louisiana west of the Mississippi River

Effects on the British Empire Meant that expansion could continue westward into the New World Caused substantial debt Generated much resentment towards the colonists Set plans in motion to have greater control over the colonies

Meant that expansion could continue westward into the New World

Caused substantial debt

Generated much resentment towards the colonists

Set plans in motion to have greater control over the colonies

Effects on the Indian Tribes All the tribes that had allied with the French were now left alienated, and on bad terms with the British The Iroquois continued to contest British control of the Ohio River Valley

All the tribes that had allied with the French were now left alienated, and on bad terms with the British

The Iroquois continued to contest British control of the Ohio River Valley

Effects on American Colonists Learned to unite Left lots of space to colonize, but the British decided otherwise The British proclaimed that no one could settle west of the Allegheny Mtns. They set up a permanent army, paid for by the colonists’ taxes, to keep them from expanding This infuriated the colonists These policies became a major part in the reasons behind the American Revolution

Learned to unite

Left lots of space to colonize, but the British decided otherwise

The British proclaimed that no one could settle west of the Allegheny Mtns.

They set up a permanent army, paid for by the colonists’ taxes, to keep them from expanding

This infuriated the colonists

These policies became a major part in the reasons behind the American Revolution

Bibliography http://odur.let.rug.nl/~usa/E/7yearswar/fiw03.htm http://encarta.msn.com/media_461516744_761575603_-1_1/French_and_Indian_War.html http://encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_761575603/French_and_Indian_War.html http://www.learner.org/biographyofamerica/prog03/maps/page02.html

http://odur.let.rug.nl/~usa/E/7yearswar/fiw03.htm

http://encarta.msn.com/media_461516744_761575603_-1_1/French_and_Indian_War.html

http://encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_761575603/French_and_Indian_War.html

http://www.learner.org/biographyofamerica/prog03/maps/page02.html