Techno-Cheating: What's a Librarian to Do? Brian C. Gray, Head of Reference Librarian - Engineering, Math, & Statistics Kelvin Smith Library Case Western Reserve University NOCCLA September 27, 2007

Expectations for Today How people are cheating, plagiarizing, etc. Prevention & reduction of opportunities Opportunities for instruction

How people are cheating, plagiarizing, etc.

Prevention & reduction of opportunities

Opportunities for instruction

My Personal Interest in Web Technologies RSS workshop & help with 3 blogs at KSL ALA Library 2.0 participant ALA LAMA Web Coordinator Blogs, RSS, Wiki, Communities Teach workshop for KSU SLIS Regular IM user Non-IT trained person that likes to “play”

RSS workshop & help with 3 blogs at KSL

ALA Library 2.0 participant

ALA LAMA Web Coordinator

Blogs, RSS, Wiki, Communities

Teach workshop for KSU SLIS

Regular IM user

Non-IT trained person that likes to “play”

My Instruction Experience Past Adjunct Instructor at Bryant & Stratton College Current Adjunct Instructor at Kent State University School of Library & Information Science Various opportunities at Case Western Reserve University Assisted my wife in her 8 years of instructing 4 th and 5 th graders

Past Adjunct Instructor at Bryant & Stratton College

Current Adjunct Instructor at Kent State University School of Library & Information Science

Various opportunities at Case Western Reserve University

Assisted my wife in her 8 years of instructing 4 th and 5 th graders

My Environment College campus Cell phones and/or iPods attached to everyone People talking to themselves (earpieces) Wireless Internet Laptops Many “techie” students

College campus

Cell phones and/or iPods attached to everyone

People talking to themselves (earpieces)

Wireless Internet

Laptops

Many “techie” students

USA Today (May 21, 2004) “ Almost a third of students admit to cheating — the percentage jumps to more than 40% when you ask 16 and 17 year olds” Andrew Kantor, http://www.usatoday.com/tech/columnist/andrewkantor/2004-05-21-kantor_x.htm

“ Almost a third of students admit to cheating — the percentage jumps to more than 40% when you ask 16 and 17 year olds”

New York Times (May 18, 2006) “ In a survey of nearly 62,000 undergraduates on 96 campuses over the past four years, two-thirds of the students admitted to cheating.” Don McCabe, Rutgers JONATHAN D. GLATER, http://www.nytimes.com/2006/05/18/education/18cheating.html?_r=1&hp&ex=1148011200&en=d71bdd428e279963&ei=5094&partner=homepage&oref=slogin

“ In a survey of nearly 62,000 undergraduates on 96 campuses over the past four years, two-thirds of the students admitted to cheating.”

Don McCabe, Rutgers

Inside Higher Ed (Sept. 17, 2007) 60.9% college students believe technology improves their learning 73.7% have laptops (1/2 never brought to class, ¼ bring it once a week) 98.4% own a computer of some kind Internet usage: Average of about 18 hours a week Andy Guess, http://insidehighered.com/news/2007/09/17/it

60.9% college students believe technology improves their learning

73.7% have laptops (1/2 never brought to class, ¼ bring it once a week)

98.4% own a computer of some kind

Internet usage: Average of about 18 hours a week

The Christian Science Monitor (June 9, 2006) Looked at cheating in Asia and India “ sew a tiny microphone and speaker inside a shirt cuff” Hired test takers Various solutions: Scrambling cell phone signals, surveillance, & metal detectors Simon Montlake, http://www.csmonitor.com/2006/0609/p01s02-woap.html

Looked at cheating in Asia and India

“ sew a tiny microphone and speaker inside a shirt cuff”

Hired test takers

Various solutions: Scrambling cell phone signals, surveillance, & metal detectors

The New York Times (June 12, 2006) Ring tone that adults cannot hear “ The principle behind it is a biological reality that hearing experts refer to as presbycusis, or aging ear…most adults over 40 or 50 seem to have some symptoms, scientists say.” PAUL VITELLO, http://www.nytimes.com/2006/06/12/technology/12ring.html

Ring tone that adults cannot hear

“ The principle behind it is a biological reality that hearing experts refer to as presbycusis, or aging ear…most adults over 40 or 50 seem to have some symptoms, scientists say.”

San Diego Union-Tribune (6/20/05) Camera phones: Send image of test, save notes, text message, or Internet access MP3 players: Hold verbal notes and/or data James A. Fussell; http://www.signonsandiego.com/uniontrib/20050620/news_mz1b20hitech.html

Camera phones: Send image of test, save notes, text message, or Internet access

MP3 players: Hold verbal notes and/or data

San Diego Union-Tribune (6/20/05) Scanners/printers: Create cheat sheets on candy labels, water bottles, or bracelets Keystroke decoders: Steal information typed to USB device or Internet Graphing calculators: Can store data and some transmit to other calculators James A. Fussell; http://www.signonsandiego.com/uniontrib/20050620/news_mz1b20hitech.html

Scanners/printers: Create cheat sheets on candy labels, water bottles, or bracelets

Keystroke decoders: Steal information typed to USB device or Internet

Graphing calculators: Can store data and some transmit to other calculators

San Diego Union-Tribune (6/20/05) Laser pointers: Student circles answer somewhere in the room PDAs: all capabilities of camera phones and/or computers James A. Fussell; http://www.signonsandiego.com/uniontrib/20050620/news_mz1b20hitech.html

Laser pointers: Student circles answer somewhere in the room

PDAs: all capabilities of camera phones and/or computers

Finding Others To Do Your Work Yahoo! Answers eBay (try it, you will be surprised) Library chat services, instant messaging, etc. Wikipedia or other collections of data Any website with content (i.e. cut-n-paste generation)

Yahoo! Answers

eBay (try it, you will be surprised)

Library chat services, instant messaging, etc.

Wikipedia or other collections of data

Any website with content (i.e. cut-n-paste generation)

Using Others Research Not really cheating, but leads to lower quality projects and papers if used incorrectly Citation keepers: CiteULike, Connotea Social bookmarking & tagging: del.icio.us, Digg, Furl Social cataloging: LibraryThing Social sites: MySpace, Facebook

Not really cheating, but leads to lower quality projects and papers if used incorrectly

Citation keepers: CiteULike, Connotea

Social bookmarking & tagging: del.icio.us, Digg, Furl

Social cataloging: LibraryThing

Social sites: MySpace, Facebook

Paper Mills Free Essay Network Essay World Planet Papers Cheat House Other People’s Papers ResearchPaper.com

Free Essay Network

Essay World

Planet Papers

Cheat House

Other People’s Papers

ResearchPaper.com

Coastal Carolina University Library Internet Paper Mills: http://www.coastal.edu/library/presentations/mills2.html November 2006, there are over 250 general sites Another several dozen on a 2 nd page that are subject specific Updated about every 6 months

Internet Paper Mills: http://www.coastal.edu/library/presentations/mills2.html

November 2006, there are over 250 general sites

Another several dozen on a 2 nd page that are subject specific

Updated about every 6 months

Coastal Carolina University Library Cheating 101: Detecting Plagiarized Papers: http://www.coastal.edu/library/presentations/plagiarz.html Cheating 101: Plagiarism Detection Sites: http://www.coastal.edu/library/presentations/mills3.html Various other resources and instructional materials available in their online collection

Cheating 101: Detecting Plagiarized Papers: http://www.coastal.edu/library/presentations/plagiarz.html

Cheating 101: Plagiarism Detection Sites: http://www.coastal.edu/library/presentations/mills3.html

Various other resources and instructional materials available in their online collection

SafeAssign (Blackboard) http://www.safeassign.com/ Plagiarism prevention service Features includes resources to aid in educating students about plagiarism and importance of proper attribution of any borrowed content Internet, ProQuest, and other resources

http://www.safeassign.com/

Plagiarism prevention service

Features includes resources to aid in educating students about plagiarism and importance of proper attribution of any borrowed content

Internet, ProQuest, and other resources

Paper Checkers turnitin.com iThenticate.com (corporate product) plagiarism.com CopyCatch EVE, Essay Verification Engine

turnitin.com

iThenticate.com (corporate product)

plagiarism.com

CopyCatch

EVE, Essay Verification Engine

Paper Checkers Web-based or computer installed Student or teacher submit Various levels of prices and/or services

Web-based or computer installed

Student or teacher submit

Various levels of prices and/or services

Students Are Suing Paper Checkers Students are taking these paper sites to courts for violations to copyright Students agree to submit paper to please teacher’s requirements but do not agree to storage of their paper Paper was retrieved at a later date

Students are taking these paper sites to courts for violations to copyright

Students agree to submit paper to please teacher’s requirements but do not agree to storage of their paper

Paper was retrieved at a later date

Search Engines Search for a phrase that appears not to be written by a student Learn best ways to use your favorite search engine(s) For example, do you know how to search for an exact phrase?

Search for a phrase that appears not to be written by a student

Learn best ways to use your favorite search engine(s)

For example, do you know how to search for an exact phrase?

Solutions Assign “personal” topics first so you can learn each student’s style Break up assignments into smaller portions that force proper research techniques Explain plagiarism & consequences Explain copyright & consequences

Assign “personal” topics first so you can learn each student’s style

Break up assignments into smaller portions that force proper research techniques

Explain plagiarism & consequences

Explain copyright & consequences

Solutions Video surveillance No cell phones Turn off wireless Internet Clear calculator memory Computer surveillance during tests Write test questions that cannot be answered with a standard answer

Video surveillance

No cell phones

Turn off wireless Internet

Clear calculator memory

Computer surveillance during tests

Write test questions that cannot be answered with a standard answer

Prevention Teach about copyright Teach about creating proper citations Provide & promote resources that the library offers Make yourself as available as possible (in-person, telephone, & online)

Teach about copyright

Teach about creating proper citations

Provide & promote resources that the library offers

Make yourself as available as possible (in-person, telephone, & online)

Other Ideas Monitor organizationally sponsored blogs and/or forums Assistant instructors in creating assignments: Does not always have to be “use 5 books”. What if instead they are required to consult with a librarian? Be aware of technologies even if you do not need them or use them regularly

Monitor organizationally sponsored blogs and/or forums

Assistant instructors in creating assignments: Does not always have to be “use 5 books”. What if instead they are required to consult with a librarian?

Be aware of technologies even if you do not need them or use them regularly

Other Ideas As librarians can we get one class session to teach about copyright, plagiarism, and/or research skills Even better can we follow it with a assignment we design that allows for us to provide additional suggestions and tips

As librarians can we get one class session to teach about copyright, plagiarism, and/or research skills

Even better can we follow it with a assignment we design that allows for us to provide additional suggestions and tips

Final Thoughts Why is the librarian, library, and/or its resources not considered first in research and instruction? Students cheat for convenience, fear, being unprepared, pressure of others, or being unaware of what “cheating” is ANSWER: Librarian

Why is the librarian, library, and/or its resources not considered first in research and instruction?

Students cheat for convenience, fear, being unprepared, pressure of others, or being unaware of what “cheating” is

ANSWER: Librarian

[email_address] http://blog.case.edu/bcg8/ http://www.squidoo.com/library2point0/ http://www.slideshare.net/bcg8 THANK YOU! Brian C. Gray

[email_address]

http://blog.case.edu/bcg8/

http://www.squidoo.com/library2point0/

http://www.slideshare.net/bcg8

THANK YOU!