High Performance WordPress II

High Performance WordPress II Fast and secure

What I LOVE About WordPress

About Me • Barry Abrahamson • Systems Wrangler, Automattic • http://barry.wordpress.com/contact-me/

WordPress.com

WordPress.com • Launched in August 2005

WordPress.com • Launched in August 2005 • ~9 million blogs today

WordPress.com • Launched in August 2005 • ~9 million blogs today • Billions of HTTP requests per day

WordPress.com • Launched in August 2005 • ~9 million blogs today • Billions of HTTP requests per day • Billions of MySQL queries per month

What is Performance?

What is Performance? • Fast

What is Performance? • Fast • Scalable

What is Performance? • Fast • Scalable • Secure

Lifecycle

Lifecycle • Shared hosting ( 95% )

Lifecycle • Shared hosting ( 95% ) • VPS (Virtual Private Server) ( < 5% )

Lifecycle • Shared hosting ( 95% ) • VPS (Virtual Private Server) ( < 5% ) • Dedicated Server ( < 2% )

Lifecycle • Shared hosting ( 95% ) • VPS (Virtual Private Server) ( < 5% ) • Dedicated Server ( < 2% ) • 2 Dedicated Servers ( < 1% )

Lifecycle • Shared hosting ( 95% ) • VPS (Virtual Private Server) ( < 5% ) • Dedicated Server ( < 2% ) • 2 Dedicated Servers ( < 1% ) • > 2 Dedicated Servers ( < 1% )

Upgrade!

Shared Hosting

Shared Hosting • FTP access (maybe SSH/SFTP)

Shared Hosting • FTP access (maybe SSH/SFTP) • No server management overhead

Shared Hosting • FTP access (maybe SSH/SFTP) • No server management overhead • Less control and fewer options

Shared Hosting • FTP access (maybe SSH/SFTP) • No server management overhead • Less control and fewer options • Cheap! ($4 - $20/month)

Shared Hosting

Shared Hosting • Run the latest version of WordPress (easy)

Shared Hosting • Run the latest version of WordPress (easy) • http://wordpress.org/hosting/

Shared Hosting • Run the latest version of WordPress (easy) • http://wordpress.org/hosting/ • Plugins and Themes directory - http:// wordpress.org/extend/

Shared Hosting

Shared Hosting • WP Super Cache

Shared Hosting • WP Super Cache • 25 - 50x capacity/throughput increase

Shared Hosting • WP Super Cache • 25 - 50x capacity/throughput increase • Digg, Slashdot,Yahoo Buzz

VPS • Virtual Private Server

VPS • Virtual Private Server • Between shared and dedicated

VPS • Virtual Private Server • Between shared and dedicated • Speciﬁc resources allocated to you (good and bad)

VPS • Virtual Private Server • Between shared and dedicated • Speciﬁc resources allocated to you (good and bad) • Usually have shell “root” access

VPS • Virtual Private Server • Between shared and dedicated • Speciﬁc resources allocated to you (good and bad) • Usually have shell “root” access • $20 - $50 / month

VPS • Run the latest version of WordPress

VPS • Run the latest version of WordPress • WP Super Cache

VPS • Run the latest version of WordPress • WP Super Cache • PHP Opcode Cache (APC)

VPS • Run the latest version of WordPress • WP Super Cache • PHP Opcode Cache (APC) • WordPress persistent object cache

VPS • Apache alternatives • CDN

Apache + mod_php 1 request requiring php • Using mod_php, php is loaded for every request even if not needed • Most scaling problems are because of this

VPS • Apache alternatives

VPS • Apache alternatives • CDN

VPS • Apache alternatives • CDN • W3 Total Cache

VPS • Apache alternatives • CDN • W3 Total Cache • MySQL tweaking ( http:// blog.mysqltuner.com/ )

Dedicated Server

Dedicated Server • Full control

Dedicated Server • Full control • Lots of responsibility

Dedicated Server • Full control • Lots of responsibility • Sysadmining required

Dedicated Server • Full control • Lots of responsibility • Sysadmining required • Can be expensive ($100 - $1000 /month)

2 Servers

2 Servers • Relatively easy to implement

2 Servers • Relatively easy to implement • 1 web server, 1 database server

2 Servers • Relatively easy to implement • 1 web server, 1 database server • Web + database on each

2 Servers • Relatively easy to implement • 1 web server, 1 database server • Web + database on each • Isolated resources

2 Servers • Relatively easy to implement • 1 web server, 1 database server • Web + database on each • Isolated resources • Same as single server from an application perspective but now you have to worry about network bottlenecks

Server Farm

Server Farm • HyperDB

Server Farm • HyperDB • Object cache with memcached backend

Server Farm • HyperDB • Object cache with memcached backend • Can’t use ﬁle-based caches anymore

Server Farm • HyperDB • Object cache with memcached backend • Can’t use ﬁle-based caches anymore • Nananana...Batcache

Server Farm

Server Farm • Load Balancer - nginx

Server Farm • Load Balancer - nginx • Web Server - nginx

Server Farm • Load Balancer - nginx • Web Server - nginx • PHP - php-fpm (now an ofﬁcial PHP project!)

Server Farm • Load Balancer - nginx • Web Server - nginx • PHP - php-fpm (now an ofﬁcial PHP project!) • Database - Basic MySQL replication, leave all the complicated stuff to HyperDB.

Server Farm

Server Farm • High availability using spread and wackamole

Server Farm • High availability using spread and wackamole • Scaling from 3 to 300 is relatively easy compared to scaling from 2 to 3.

WordPress.com • ~ 850 servers in 3 datacenters • ~ 350 web servers • ~ 300 database servers • ~ 60 memcached servers (800GB of RAM)

Real World Numbers • APC • Empty cache - 33.5 MB RAM • Primed cache - 6.2 MB RAM • 60% reduction in CPU utilization • 210 8-core servers on WordPress.com

Scaling Tips

Scaling Tips • Most (all) things you do to scale WordPress apply to any web app

Scaling Tips • Most (all) things you do to scale WordPress apply to any web app • If your bottleneck is the database, something is wrong

Scaling Tips • Most (all) things you do to scale WordPress apply to any web app • If your bottleneck is the database, something is wrong • Measure twice, cut once, measure again

Scaling Tips • Most (all) things you do to scale WordPress apply to any web app • If your bottleneck is the database, something is wrong • Measure twice, cut once, measure again • Don’t optimize if you don’t need to

Questions?

http://inside.copress.org	125
http://www.slideshare.net	25
http://incertain2.wordpress.com	16
http://translate.googleusercontent.com	2

High Performance WordPress II

by Barry Abrahamson on Dec 05, 2009

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