This presentation is an introduction to the concepts of co-generation and tri-generation. Specific focus is put on case studies in Australia.

1. Co-gen/CHP & Tri-gen Supply-Side Efficiency CTI, 20 June 2011 Sustainable Business Consulting Pty Ltd Level 32, 101 Miller Street, North Sydney 2060 P: 1300 102 195 | F: +61 2 8079 6101 www.sustainablebizconsulting.com.au ACN 140 233 932 | ABN 46 506 219 241 Accredited by the NSW Government – On the panel of preferred suppliers

2. Inputs and Outputs The Flow of Energy

3. That much useful output That much input

4. Mining operation example – energy is being used inefficiently Out of all this input… … we only get this much useful energy

5. Making the Energy Input Smaller…

6. This presentation will focus on Co-gen and Tri-gen …Supply-side Efficiency

7. Power and heat generation

8. Traditional versus Co-gen (= CHP) Coal-fired power stations typically only convert 30-40 % of their fuel energy into electricity

10. Example: District Heating Co-gen is Not New

11. Example for district heating – New York City Approximately 30% of the steam system’s installed capacity and 50% of the annual steam generated comes from co-generation The district heating system takes steam and carries it under the streets of Manhattan to heat, cool, or supply power to high rise buildings and businesses.

12. Fuels Used in Co-gen

13. Co-gen can use a variety of fuels No oil in co-gen3 Most common:

14. Small and Large Scale What Does a Co-gen Plant Look Like?

15. Co-gen: Industrial application

16. Co-gen example at hotel Luxury resort utilises cogeneration to provide power and hot water to residents and laundry services

17. Rice husk co-gen plant

18. Co/Tri-gen in Australia

19. Coopers brewery cogeneration project

20. Coopers video on co-gen http://www.youtube.com/v/psSaSxrvrWY&hl=en_GB&fs=1

21. Applicability and Benefits

22. Applicability Organisation has need for both power and heat/steam Load patterns of both ideally stable Long operating hours Price of grid is high Organisation needs reliable power supply Cost savings Lower emissions are needed (lower carbon footprint, better NABERS rating, etc.)

23. Benefits Reduced energy bills Additional profit from selling surplus energy back to the grid Increased security of energy supply (blackouts, brownouts,…) No intermittency issues Less carbon emitted Much more efficient Less transmission and distribution losses Less need for centralised power generation Less need for fuel

24. Generation of Electricity, Heat, and Coolth Tri-gen

25. Tri-gen Electricity, heat, and coolth Heat is used in absorption chillers to create cooling 2008: NAB uses a tri-gen plant to power and cool its data centre in Melbourne 20,000 t of carbon saved annually Means NAB can spend less on carbon offsets (carbon neutrality!) Plant was pitched on a 5 year ROI, now shorter due to rise in electricity prices

26. Australia’s first tri-generation precinct for commercial buildings Investa Property Group and Cogent, a subsidiary of Origin have established a tri-generation facility at Coca-Cola Place Tri-gen supplies electricity, hot water and chilled water to the base building Surplus energy is exported via Ausgrid’s electricity distribution network Benefits are shared with another Investa building (Deutsche Bank Place) through a virtual private energy network DEUTSCHE BANK PLACE 126 PHILLIP STREET SYDNEY COCA-COLA PLACE 40 MOUNT STREET NORTH SYDNEY

27. Tri-gen at 101 Miller Street, North Sydney Sustainable Business Consulting’s office is in the 101 Miller Street Building

28. Tri-generation in manufacturing Tri-gen plant installed at Blackmore’s headquarters in Warriewood Plate heat exchangers provide heating for the building space, lap pool and production heating Absorption chillers and heat exchangers fully integrated into the building heating, chilled and condenser water systems Plant operates automatically during the peak and shoulder demand periods or during grid outages for emergency backup Plant supplies 772 kW peak electrical at 0.8 power factor

29. Microgeneration

30. Microgeneration at home

31. Microgeneration – case study: Bluegen BlueGen™’s maximum output is 2kW of electricity, with typical output being 1.5kW (good fit for the average home) The unit is as big as a dishwasher Operating on natural gas, BlueGen™ delivers a 60 % electrical efficiency BlueGen™ can recover heat from the fuel cell for hot water - increases the total efficiency up to 85 %

32. Co-gen on the MAC curve

33. Marginal Abatement Cost Curve (for the USA)

34. Australian MAC It’s below the curve, so let’s do more of it!

35. Thanks For Attending This Presentation Sustainable Business Consulting We are happy to help you further with your Carbon Management needs