300 Million Years of Uttoxeter

300 Million Years of Uttoxeter David Parkes Uttoxeter Civic Society [email_address]

First inhabitants
Stone Age or Mesolithic
Hunter Gatherers
Flint Axes
10,000-1800 BC

Migration and settlement from c.8300 BC Neolithic and Bronze ages c.8300 BC - c.750 BC Henge monuments c.4000 BC - c.1500 BC The development of farming c.4000 BC - c.3000 BC Technology before metals c.2300 BC Metalwork begins c.2300 BC The Early Bronze Age c.1800 BC - c.1500 BC Agriculture and the wheel c.1400 BC The Celtic influence 800 BC Ironwork in Britain c.800 BC - c.450 BC Iron Age 750 BC - AD 42

Celts
Cornovii
Corieltauvi
Parisii

The Romans

Vikings
Viking DNA
Viking raids on England started in the late 8th century

Wotoschede
The King holds Uttoxeter. Earl Aelfgar held it. There is half a hide. There is land for 10 Ploughs. In demesne are 2 ploughs with 1 slave; and 24 villans and eleven bordars with 11 ploughs. There are 16 acres of meadow and woodland 2 leagues long and as many broad. TRE it was worth £6 now £7.
TRE tempora regis Eduardis In the time of King Edward the Confessor
1086 The Domesday Book

Wotoch’s Heath?
Hottocsathere (1322)
Hottokesacre (Edward I)
Hutockshather (1208)
Huttokeshagh (1242)
Huttokkeshatre (Henry V)
Otoksather (Henry V)
Ottockeshat (Edward I)
Ottockeshater (Edward I)
Ottokeshathere (Edward I)
Ottokeshther (Edward I)
What's in a name? At least 76 names

Norman and Medieval Uttoxeter
13th century Old Talbot
St Mary’s Church
Henry Yevele England’s Greatest Architect
First market charter granted in 1252

Know ye that we grant and by this Charter confirm to our beloved and faithful Will. De Ferrers, earl of Derby, that he and his heirs for ever shall have free warren in all the demesne lands of his manor of Vittockesather, so long as these lands, however, are not within the bounds of our forest so that none may enter these lands to take refuge there, or to take any thing there because it pertains to the warren, without the licence of and by the will of the said Earl or his heirs, upon forfeiture of ten pounds. We grant to the said earl and his heirs for ever to have a market at his said manor of Huttockesather in the County of Stafford, every week on Wednesday, and to have one fair there every year for three days duration, on the eve, on the day and on the morrow of the Nativity of the Virgin (7 th , 8 th and 9 th of September). Wherefore we will and firmly order for us and our heirs, that the aforesaid Earl and his heirs for ever have free warren in all the demesne lands of his said manors in the said counties, so long as these lands are not within the boiunds of our forest so that none may enter those lands to take refuge there … (etc. as above). We grant to the said Earl that he and his heirs for ever have one market at the aforesaid Manor of Huttokes ’ in the County of Stafford, every week, and one fair every year as aforesaid.

Late Medieval 1348 – 1484 Tudors 1485 – 1602

St Mary’s 1838

Civil War
Changed allegiances several times, with a predominantly parliamentarian support.
1648 The Royalist Marquis of Hamilton, after a crushing defeat at Preston, retreated to Uttoxeter with a tattered remnant of the once 20,000 strong Scottish army
The army was met by General John Lambert for the Parliamentarians - the Royalists surrendered,
Some were locked up in the Church, others were imprisoned in less local places. The last dying remnant of the Royalist army had capitulated in the market place in Uttoxeter, and with it saw the close of the Civil War.

Uttoxeter’s role in the Industrial Revolution
In 1686, Robert Plot mentioned the large dairies of the Moorlands sending butter to Uttoxeter market, where it was bought by London traders. Burslem and the Potteries gained reknown through the making of butter pots for Uttoxeter market

Robert Bakewell
1682-1752
Robert Bakewell was
born in Uttoxeter in
1682 and after an apprenticeship in London, became England's foremost wrought ironsmith.

Trade
As well as farming………….
"Uttoxeter was long noted for the manufacture of clock cases and movements…Here are several maltsters, tanners, fellmongers, nail makers, bendware manufacturers, woolstaplers, rope and twine spinners, timber merchants, etc, and a Joint Stock Bank, and a large brewery. A large trade is likewise carried on here in preparing calves maws, to be used in curdling milk for making cheese, and there is considerable traffic in coal, lime, etc, at the Railway Station."
History, Gazetteer and Directory of Staffordshire, William White, Sheffield, 1851

Uttoxeter Workhouse 1778 -1936 ‘ abandon hope all ye who enter here’ An inscription at the entrance to hell - Dante -The Divine Comedy

Workhouse Site 1920
Workhouse Site 1920

George Gilbert Scott With William Bonython Moffatt designed over 40 workhouses Early designs were based on the Poor Law Commissioners' model plans Long single-storey range placed at the front contained the porter's lodge, board room, receiving wards and chapel. A central entrance archway led through to an inner courtyard either side of which were boys' and girls' yards. The main building had a central hub containing the master's offices and quarters. To each side were male and female day rooms and dining halls on the ground floor, with dormitories above. The rear range contained kitchens and scullery. Behind were workrooms, laundry, bakehouse etc. with an infirmary block at the rear. Uttoxeter was a typical variation of this design.

Scott’s other works………..
St Pancras Station, London (1865)
Foreign and Commonwealth Office, Whitehall, London (1861-1868)
the Albert Memorial, London (1862)
One of Scott's major interests was medieval church architecture. He was involved in the restoration of several cathedrals (those at Chichester, Gloucester, Exeter, St Albans, and Wakefield), plus Bath Abbey, Pershore Abbey, Great Malvern Priory, St Margaret's, Westminster
The West Front of Lichfield Cathedral Lichfield Cathedral's ornate West Front was extensively renovated by Scott from 1855 - 1878. He restored the Cathedral to the form he believed it took in the Middle Ages, working with original materials where possible and creating imitations when the originals were not available. It is recognised as some of his finest work.
Scott was awarded the RIBA Royal Gold Medal in 1859. Knighted in 1872, he died in 1878 and was buried in Westminster Abbey.
His sons George Gilbert Scott Junior and John Oldrid Scott and grandson, Giles Gilbert Scott, were also prominent architects.

Records
Records for Uttoxeter Union are held by Stafford Record Office, including Minutes 1847-1930.
Unfortunately, no records regarding Individuals have survived

Charles Bunting Ltd - Uttoxeter Stoke-on-Trent (Trent Vale), London Road: Black Lion

History of the town of Uttoxeter By Francis Redfern http://bit.ly/5Xafxx

300 Million Years of Uttoxeter

by bainparkes

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