NISO/Internet Archive Meeting on Social Bookmarking and Annotation

Open Annotation Collaboration Overview h"p://www.openannota-on.org/  Robert Sanderson      –      rsanderson@lanl.gov                                              azaroth42@gmail.com  Herbert Van de Sompel   –    herbertv@lanl.gov                                                hvdsomp@gmail.com  Digital Library Research and Prototyping Team  Los Alamos NaDonal Laboratory, USA  This research was funded by the Andrew W. Mellon FoundaDon.   Acknowledgements:  Tim Cole, Anna Gerber, Tom Habing, Bernhard Haslhofer, Jane Hunter,      Ray Larson, Cliﬀ Lynch, Michael Nelson, Doug Reside  Open Annotation Collaboration Overview NISO/IA Bookmarking and Annotation Meeting, NYC, 26th May 2011

Open Annotation Collaboration•  Project Partners: •  Los Alamos National Laboratory •  University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign •  University of Queensland •  University of Maryland •  George Mason University•  Funding: Andrew W. Mellon Foundation•  Discussion Group: http://groups.google.com/group/oac-discuss Open Annotation Collaboration Overview NISO/IA Bookmarking and Annotation Meeting, NYC, 26th May 2011

Current Annotation Systems•  Repository-centric, with local identifiers •  Need to rethink in terms of the Web and global URIs•  Annotations stuck in silos: •  Only consumable in original client/server combination •  Can not create cross-system services to merge or enrich•  Focus on annotation for scholarly purposes •  But desire to make the OAC framework more broadly usable •  Need tools, communities, integration of scholarly communication with other areas of discourse Open Annotation Collaboration Overview NISO/IA Bookmarking and Annotation Meeting, NYC, 26th May 2011

Basic ModelThe basic model has three resources: •  Annotation (an RDF document) •  Body (the comment) •  Target (the resource the Body is about) Open Annotation Collaboration Overview NISO/IA Bookmarking and Annotation Meeting, NYC, 26th May 2011

Basic Model Example Open Annotation Collaboration OverviewNISO/IA Bookmarking and Annotation Meeting, NYC, 26th May 2011

Segments of Resources•  Most annotations are about part of a resource•  Different segments for different media types: •  Text: paragraph, arbitrary span of words •  Image: rectangular or arbitrary shaped area •  …•  We introduce a method of constraining resources •  Can be applied to either Body or Target resource •  Use media-specific fragment URIs •  Use W3C Media Fragments URI specification •  Introduce an approach for arbitrarily complex segments Open Annotation Collaboration Overview NISO/IA Bookmarking and Annotation Meeting, NYC, 26th May 2011

Constraints•  ConstrainedTarget resource identifies the segment of interest •  Normally a UUID URI that cannot be dereferenced•  Constraint resource describes the segment of interest Open Annotation Collaboration Overview NISO/IA Bookmarking and Annotation Meeting, NYC, 26th May 2011

Constraint Example Open Annotation Collaboration OverviewNISO/IA Bookmarking and Annotation Meeting, NYC, 26th May 2011

Sharing Annotations•  OAC is designed for publically sharing Annotations •  No built in User/Group/Permissions system •  Can protect web resources with regular techniques •  Scholars want flexible sharing options (class, project, peers…) •  Possible marketplace for systems that filter/rank annotations•  OAC Clients are autonomous •  Not an annotation protocol, but a data model plus a publish/ subscribe mechanism •  No reliance on a server to generate annotations Open Annotation Collaboration Overview 9 NISO/IA Bookmarking and Annotation Meeting, NYC, 26th May 2011

Protocol (Annotea) publish, subscribe, consume Open Annotation Collaboration Overview 1NISO/IA Bookmarking and Annotation Meeting, NYC, 26th May 2011

Publish/Subscribe (OAC)publish subscribe consume Open Annotation Collaboration Overview 1 NISO/IA Bookmarking and Annotation Meeting, NYC, 26th May 2011

Lessons Learnt•  Hardest thing is to define the scope of "Annotation"!•  Requirement for expressiveness in segmentation •  URI Fragments are insufficient •  Cant merge Identifier and Description •  Distrust of quoting passages: enough annotations and the entire text is available •  Yet equal distrust of character offsets, as the text may change•  Motivating public rather than private annotations is important•  Filtering un-interesting public annotations equally important! Open Annotation Collaboration Overview 1 NISO/IA Bookmarking and Annotation Meeting, NYC, 26th May 2011

Advantages of OAC for eBooks•  Already strong and growing community•  Research and modeling has been both deep and broad •  Enables complicated scholarly use cases •  Complexity scales up from simple to promote broad adoption•  Very interested in eBook requirements •  Crucial use case for both scholarly and general adoption •  Textual constraints not yet standardized, and very important •  Lack of network protocol important in offline eBook annotations Open Annotation Collaboration Overview 1 NISO/IA Bookmarking and Annotation Meeting, NYC, 26th May 2011

http://www.openannotation.org/ Open Annotation Collaboration OverviewNISO/IA Bookmarking and Annotation Meeting, NYC, 26th May 2011

NISO/Internet Archive Meeting on Social Bookmarking and Annotation

by Robert Sanderson

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