1. PES/ENG/IX/020
Note- File for Final Evaluation
- Pl mark the portion reqd in Punjabi
A PUNJAB EDUSAT SOCIETY PRODUCTION
SUBJECT - ENGLISH
CLASS - IX
CHAPTER - ESSAY WRITING PART II
MODULE - PARTS OF AN ESSAY
(Word Count-2779)
ANCHOR:1
Hello friends. We had started off last time with the basics of essay writing. Let’s recall what all
we had learnt.
Text on screen with voice over
After our last class, we now know that-
 An essay is a piece of writing that deals with a particular topic.
 It should be united, ordered, and concise and have a mood.
 Before we start writing the essay, we should ask ourselves three questions:
What is the topic of the essay? Whom are we writing the essay for? What is its
purpose?
 After we have answered these questions, we make a rough outline, arranging
them in order and then writing the minor points.
ANCHOR:2
ftfdnkoEhU ,i' n;h fgSbh tko gVQ uZ[e/ jkA fJj f;oc T[;dk ;ko ;h .nkU j[D n;h nkgD/ nZi d/
gkm d/ f;Zfynk T[d/FkA s/ Mks gkJhJ/ .
Text on screen with voice over
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
After this session, you will be able to
• List points for including in an essay on a given topic
• Identify the three broad elements in an essay – introduction, body and conclusion
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• Describe the features of each element of an essay
• Appreciate the impact of giving examples and facts or relating incidents to support
ideas in an essay
ANCHOR:3
w?Bz{ T[whd j? fe s[;h feskpkA ftF/ d/ T[go o{g-o/yk pDk bJh j't/rh . fJE/ e[M B[es/ jB fiBkQA
pko/ s[;h io{o ;'funk j't/rk .
I
To read without
reflecting is like
Eating without
digesting.’
Text and visual on screen with voice over. IMAGE-1
SUPER
TOPIC – BOOKS
• Yu can start with a quote on ‘Reading ’eg. ’Reading is to the mind what exercise is
to the body.’
• Introduction can be the explanation of the quote.
• What are the different kinds of books? Which kind is your favourite?
• A few lines on your favourite author or your favourite book.
• Why do some people dislike reading books? Is the computer responsible for it in
any way?
• Effects of not having the habit of reading books.
• How to develop the habit, where can we find books to read?
Note:
• Points 1 and2 form the Introduction;
• Points3,4 and5 form the body of the essay-to be written in 2 short paragraphs
• Points 6 and 7 form the conclusion, to be written in a short paragraph.
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ANCHOR:4.
nfijk e'Jh fB:w BjhA j? fe fejV/ B[efsnkA Bz{ Fkwb eoBk j?. S'N/ B[es/ th ftFkb j' ;ed/ jB ns/
fJj fJZe ftnesh s'I d{i/ ftnesh sZe tZy tZy j'Dr/. fJ; bJh ;k~ fBpzX d/ S'N/ t/oftnK s/ ftuko Bjh
eoBh ukjhdh . nkU t/yhJ/ fe @e'Fb# i' ;kv/ doysK ~ pukT[D tkbk w[zvk j? B/ eh fbfynk j? .
Cut to MM1:Show the same boys from episode 1, where Shyam and Kushal are shown
talking, the dialogues in bubbles.
Shyam: Hi Kushal. Have you written the outline?
Kushal: Yes, I have. Take a look. I would also like to start with a short poem or quotation
on saving trees.
ANCHOR—5-
Well said, Kushal,let us see the quotation that Kushal has chosen, along with the lush ,
green trees.
IMAGE—2,withVO
3

4. “Trees are Poems that Earth writes upon
the sky,
PES/ENG/IX/020
We cut them and turn them into paper,
So that we may record our emptiness
within.”------Kahlil Gibran
ANCHOR-6
Now before we read the points that Kushal has noted down, I can hear the voice of a tree,
appealing to us for something. Let’s listen to him
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PLEAS
E SIT
I G I E TA B
VE
ES
SE UNDE
LEA ’T
VE
G
P N R MY
DO ME!
Y OU
SHADE
T
L CU
I GIVE I CLEAN
YOU THE AIR
MEDIC
YO
I -NES TS TO U
TOO FR
G U
I IV I
E
IMAGE—3, with VO Speaking the dialogues in the bubbles, one by one, with variation
of voices with appropriate expression and voice intonation, according to the words of
the dialogue , and the bubble being highlighted at the same time.
ANCHOR—7
We could all hear the tree pleading to us. Let us see if Kushal’s points on ‘SavingTrees’ can
satisfy the ailing trees.
Text on screen with VO.( Please show one bullet point along with sub-points on a
single screen. Wait for 2 seconds for each sub point to appear and be read by the
voice-over artist.)
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SUPER
SAVE OUR TREES
His first point talks about
• Humans and trees
→ Trees have life too but humans don’t realize it.
→ Plucking leaves, crumpling plants.
→ Dirtying parks.
→ Industrial wastes kill plants
→ Chopping trees for our luxury.
The next point emphasizes on
• Uses of trees
→ Wood
→ Shade
→ Fruits
→ Clean the air
→ Cause rains
→ Home of birds
Kushal wants to know
• Why people want to cut them
→ To construct hotels, markets etc for business
→ To build more houses
→ To make objects out of wood
He is scared of
• The effects of cutting trees
→ Ecological balance affected
→ Food for animals and plants reduced
→ Pollution more dominant
→ Less rainfall, high temperature
Kushal wants to save the trees. So he suggests
• What we can do to save our trees
→ Avoid harming them, plucking leaves etc.
→ Protest against chopping them, complain to authorities, tell media
→ Plant more trees
→ Make it a ‘Mantra’—‘If I cut one tree, I will plant seeds for three trees’.
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Cut to MM 2: Show the two boys again, with lip movement and dialogues in bubbles.
Shyam: This looks really nice. It covers many points.
Kushal: I have written the points but don’t know how to compile them. Is there a pattern to
write these points?
ANCHOR: 8
don;b fJE/ fJj dZ;D dh io{os j? fe fBpzX dk ftFk e'Jh th j' ;edk j? ,T[;d/ B[es/ fezB/ jh j' ;ed/ jB go
fBpzX d/ fszB wZ[y wjZstg{oB fjZ;/ jB fiBQk s' n;hIA d{o BjhA ik ;ed/.
Text on screen with voice over
SUPER
I. Introduction
II. Body
III. Conclusion
CUT TO ANCHOR:9
Introduction is the first paragraph of your essay. It should be
Text on screen with voice over
INTRODUCTION
• Short.
• Catchy.
• Should contain the purpose / topic of the essay
• Could start with a quotation.
ANCHOR:10
;'u' fe s[;h fJe f;B/wk t/y oj/ j'. i/eo gfjb/ d/ gzi fwzBN w}/dko Bk j'D,T[; ftZu ezw eoB tkb/ BkfJe-
BkfJek uzr/ BkA j'D skA T[; ub-fuZso bJh ;kvh fdbu;gh ysw j' ikAdh j? ns/ n;h fco T[;d/ ysw j'D
dk fJzs}ko ehs/ fpBkQA jh T[m ikAd/ jkA . fBpzX dh G{fwek fi;Bz{ fe ;G s'A gfjbkA gfVnk ikAdk
j? fdbu;g j'Dh ukjhdh j? .j[D n;h fco s'A ub-fuZso pko/ rZb eod/ jkA .;'u' fe gfjb/ 15 fwzNkA ftZu
d' d';skA dh rZb j' ojh j? ns/ pknd d/ YkJh xzfNnkA ftZu wko XkV j' ojh j?. eh s[;h nihp wfj;{; Bjh
eo'r/ < gfjb/ 15 fwzNkA ftZu ub-fuZso d/ w}p{B ns/ feqnk-Gkt pko/ rZb j'Dh ukjhdh j?, E'Vk
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ngokX th fdykfJnk ikDk ukjhdk j? skA i' doFekA Bz{ gsk oj/ fe nZr/ eh j'D tkbk j?. fJjh rZb s[jkv/
fBpzX s/ th Y[edh j?. gq;sktBk ftZu s[jkv/ ;ko/ fBpzX pko/ dZf;nk j'Dk ukjhdk j?.aA
Next comes the body. It should
Text on screen with voice over
BODY
• Contain all the points you want to include in your essay.
• Be clear and to the point.
• Continuity should be maintained, so that there is linkage between the sentences and
the paragraphs.
ANCHOR:11
ub-fuso dk YkAuk jh w[Zy ejkDh dh sokQ jz[dk j? . T[;d/ eJh gfjb{ j'D/ ukjhd/ jB .tko-tko fJe rZb
Bz{ d[jokfJnk BjhA ikDk ukjhdk .;ko/ wZ[y B[es/ fiBkQ dh o{g-o/yk n;h fsnko ehsh j?, Bz{ YkAu/
ftZu fbZfynk ikDk ukjhdk j? . jo T[j rZb i' s[;h efjDk ukjz[d/ j' ;kc ns/ ;gFN j'Dh ukjhdh j?.
The last part is the conclusion. It should be
Text on screen with voice over
CONCLUSION
• Short.
• Attractive.
In the mood in which you want the readers to be.
• Should contain the message of the essay ,if possible.
ANCHOR:12
fJe tko c/o ub-fuso pko/ ;'ud/ jkA . wko-XkV ns/ ngokX fdykT[D s'A pkd fJ;dk nzs ed/ th
wy'bhnk Bjh j' ;edk . fJ; dk nzs d[ykAs ikA gq/oe j't/rk i/ fBod/Fe dk T[d/F ngokX dk d[ykAs
fdykT[Dk j? skA T[j fdykJ/rk fe BkfJe wkfonk frnk .i/eo T[j iBsk Bz{ ngokX d/ fybkc yVk eoBk
ukjz[dk j? skA T[j fdykJ/rk fe ngokXhnkA Bz{ g[fb; cV e/ b? rJh. s[jkv/ fBpzX dk f;ZNk nfijk j'Dk
ukjhdk j? fi; Bkb s[jkvk T[d/F th jZb j' ikt/ . T[j gVQB tkfbnkA Bz{ T[fus fwiki ftZu jh Sv/ .
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Cut to MM3 :The two boys to be shown again, with animation and dialogues in the
bubbles.
Shyam: Lets start with the introduction of our essay. Shall we start by saying, “Trees have
life too” ?
Kushal: It sounds very boring. We need something catchy.
Shyam: How about, “Did you know trees have life too?” ?
Kushal: Hey, that sounds so much better. What did you do?
Shyam: I just changed the sentence to a question.
ANCHOR:13
fe/;/ th ftnesh ~ iI' fe nkw p'b fojk j? B}onzdk} eoBk nk;kB j?. go id' T[j s[jkv/ s'I ;[nkb g[ZSdk
j?. sK T[; ~ B}o nzdk} eoBk w[Feb j' iKdk j?. fJE/ pj[s ;kohnk nfijhnk seBheK jB fiBQk d/ Bkb
n;hI nkgDh gq;sktBk ~ j'o fdbu;g pDk ;ed/ jK. fJE/ e[ZM T[dkjoDk jB fe s[jkvh gq;sktBk fe;
soQK dh j'Dh ukjhdh j?.
Text on screen with voice over
EXAMPLES OF INTRODUCTIONS
→ Starting with a question
ANCHOR:14
We’ve already seen why it is useful to start with a question. Here’s another example.
Text on screen with voice over
Topic Life of Celebrities
Introduction How do you feel when you write an exam? You do not know how much you
have scored, whether your teacher is going to praise you or scold you. Do
you think Shahrukh Khan feels the same way after doing a movie?
ANCHOR:15
pZfuU d/fynk fe fet/ ;[nkb jh ;k~ dZ;d/ jB fe fBpzX fe; d/ pko/ ftZu j?.;k~ nkgD/ ;[nkbK ~ pV/
fXnkB Bkb u[DBk ukjhdk j?. d{ik sohek j? xNBk d/ fposKs dkHHHekbgfBe iK n;bh. which
brings out the heart of the matter. For example:
Text on screen with voice over
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→ Narrating an incident
Text on screen with voice over
Topic Negligence of Police
MM-4—Show the animated scene of the incident given below, with appropriate music.
Introduction 8:30 A.M on Lal Road, a truck hits a bus, 3 dead and 12 injured. The police
arrives three hours later only to find the truck driver missing and 2 more dead.
ANCHOR:16
Did you realize how a lot of things were said through a single incident? Saying the same in
normal sentences would not have created the same impact.
If the topic does not give us freedom to quote an incident, we can start with an example.
Text on screen with voice over
→ Quoting an example
Text on screen with voice over
Topic SMS, the latest craze among youngsters
Introduction “Hi. Hw r u? Plz msg me 2day. Don’t 4get”
Looks like English with horrible spellings right? Well, this is a new language, a
language which the young generation is most familiar with - the SMS language.
ANCHOR:17
Giving an example is very useful when some of your readers are not aware of what you are
talking about. In the example topic, some elderly people may not be familiar with SMS. Giving
an example conveys the point without the use of heavy definitions and long sentences.
Cut to MM 5 :The two boys are shown again, with lip movement and dialogues in
bubbles.
Kushal: So we have the first line. Lets look at the outline. Can we include the first point in
the introduction itself?
Shyam: Of course we can. Its our essay.
Kushal: Here, I have written it. Take a look.
Text on screen with voice over
Did you know trees have life too? Every time you pluck a leaf or crumple a plant under your
foot, you cause them pain. The industrial wastes are poisonous for these plants. We leave no
park, no garden litter free. We may not tend to them, but do we have to stoop as low as
heartlessly cutting them down? All that, after trees do so much for us ?
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ANCHOR:18
Kushal’s introduction does three things simultaneously - one, it carries the spirit of the essay,
two it sensitizes the reader towards the issue, and three, it provides a link to what they are
going to talk about in the body. Recall children, their first major point was uses of trees and
the last line of the introduction hints at that. Now when they start with the body, it will appear
to be in continuation of the introduction and not a separate entity.
SUMMARY:
So friends, today we learnt
SUPER
 An essay consists of three segments – introduction, body and conclusion.
 The introduction should be short, attractive and should contain the purpose of the
essay.
 The body should contain all the points we had made in the outline and should have
clarity.
 The conclusion should be short, attractive and in the right mood.
 Introduction can start with a question, incident or example,a relevant quotation.
Question – Answer Session
Following are some introductions. Find out what is wrong in each of the introduction.
Text on screen with voice over
Topic – My first Cricket match
Introduction - I enjoy sports a lot. I am the captain of my school football team. There
was tough competition between four of us, but the selectors chose me. I feel
sports is also necessary for a child.(an interesting quotation on ‘sports’ could be
added.)
{After 2 seconds}
Flaw - The introduction does not introduce us to the topic at all. No mention of the word
‘cricket’ or ‘first’
Improved - I enjoy sports a lot and am the captain of my school football team. But people
seem to know only one sport – cricket. When my cousins realized I had not ever
held a bat, they decided to teach me. It was all planned. This Sunday, I would
have to play in front of everyone ‘My first Cricket match’.
Text on screen with voice over
Topic - The importance of newspapers
Introduction - Do you read the newspaper every morning? It is a part of our daily
routine. Going through the headlines, sports pages and even the horoscope
prediction for the day is essential along with a cup of coffee.
{After 2 seconds}
Flaw - The introduction assumes that everyone reads newspapers. That too in the
morning with a cup of coffee. May not be true. Further, since the essay is about
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importance of newspapers, it should be directed at those people who do not
read them, not those who regularly read the newspaper.
Improved - Have you ever seen newspapers containing tele shopping ads between the
news? Imagine how frustrating it is, when you are in a hurry in the morning and
the commercial break doesn’t end. The solution lies at your doorstep – the
newspaper. It comes in every morning containing all the news that you need to
know but allowing you to choose what to read and in how much detail to read.
ANCHOR:19
So children. Let’s work on our essay while Kushal works on his. Before we meet next, think of
an attractive introduction for your essay --‘Books’. Then make minor points for each of the
major point you wrote in the outline that you had made. Add examples and more points as
you write.
Before we close down, let’s put down a few points which can make your essay more
interesting:-
SUPER WITH VO
• Try to start your sentences in different ways, as this will improve the quality of
your writing-
→ .Begin with a place.
Eg. In the shop, there were many sweets to choose from.
→ .Begin with a time.
Eg .Yesterday we went to visit my aunt.
→ Begin with an adverb
Eg. Quickly, we ran for the bus.
→ Begin with a question
Eg .Can we go for a horse-ride, down the grass fields?
• Try to vary the lengths of your sentences.
• .For descriptions, calmness, or linking, long sentences are more effective.
Eg .When Geeta first saw the house ,she noticed the chipped tiles on the roof, the paint
on the walls ,quite faded, the cracks in the door and the broken slabs on the doorway.
•Short sentences to express danger, panic, tension or to make something
stand out.
Eg.Bang! The door closed and I walked in.
Do keep these points in mind, while writing. This brings us to the end of our episode.
Thank You!
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End of the episode
The script has been reviewed by - -------------------------------
Signature - -------------------------------------------------------------
Date - ------------------------------------------------------------------
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