The Ares Projects: Back to the Future

The Ares Projects: Back to the Future Steve Cook Manager, Ares Projects American Astronautical Society Wernher von Braun Memorial Symposium October 21, 2008 National Aeronautics and Space Administration

Topics
NASA’s mission
Ares Projects design considerations
Vehicle overviews
Ares Projects progress
7614 . National Aeronautics and Space Administration

NASA’s Mission 7614 . National Aeronautics and Space Administration “ The next steps in returning to the Moon and moving onward to Mars, the near-Earth asteroids, and beyond, are crucial in deciding the course of future space exploration. We must understand that these steps are incremental, cumulative, and incredibly powerful in their ultimate effect.” – NASA Administrator Michael Griffin October 24, 2006
Safely fly the Space Shuttle until 2010
Complete the International Space Station (ISS)
Develop a balanced program of science, exploration, and aeronautics
Develop and fly the Orion Crew Exploration Vehicle (CEV)
Designed for exploration but will initially service ISS
Land on the Moon no later than 2020
Promote international and commercial participation in exploration

Ares Projects Design Considerations
Assume little to no “new money” for development
Funding for heavy-lift development not available until Shuttle retirement
Use reliable, proven heritage systems and infrastructure
Vehicle systems
Manufacturing processes
Experienced personnel
Incorporate new technologies as needed, appropriate, or affordable
Separate crew from cargo
Use a single “stick” configuration for the Ares I crew launch vehicle
Crew on top instead of on the side of the launch vehicle
Design in a crew escape system for increased safety

The Constellation Program Exploration Fleet Altair Lunar Lander Orion Crew Exploration Vehicle Ares I Crew Launch Vehicle Ares V Cargo Launch Vehicle Earth Departure Stage National Aeronautics and Space Administration

Building on a Foundation of Proven Technologies - Launch Vehicle Comparisons - 7614 . National Aeronautics and Space Administration Earth Departure Stage (EDS) (1 J-2X) 253.0 mT (557.7K lbm) LOX/LH 2 Core Stage (6 RS-68 Engines) 1,587.3 mT (3,499.5K lbm) LOX/LH 2 Crew Lunar Lander Altair 5-Segment Reusable Solid Rocket Booster (RSRB) Space Shuttle Ares I Ares V Saturn V 2 5.5-Segment RSRBs Orion DAC 2 TR 6 LV 51.00.48 S-IVB (1 J-2 engine) 108.9 mT (240.0K LOX/LH 2 S-II (5 J-2 engines) 453.6 mT (1,000.0K lbm) LOX/LH 2 S-IC (5 F-1) 1,769.0 mT (3,900.0K lbm) LOX/RP-1 Height: 110.9 m (364 ft) Gross Liftoff Mass: 2,948.4 mT (6,500K lbm) Payload Capability: 44.9 mT (99K lbm) to TLI 118.8 mT (262K lbm) to LEO Upper Stage (1 J-2X) 137.0 mT (302K lbm) LOX/LH 2 Height: 99.1 m (325 ft) Gross Liftoff Mass: 927.1 mT (2,044.0K lbm) Payload Capability: 25.5 mT (56.2K lbm) to LEO Height: 56.1 m (184.2 ft) Gross Liftoff Mass: 2,041.1 mT (4,500.0K lbm) Payload Capability: 25.0 mT (55.1K lbm) to Low Earth Orbit (LEO) Overall Vehicle Height, m (ft) 122 m (400 ft) 91 m (300 ft) 61 m (200 ft) 30 m (100 ft) 0 Height: 116.2 m (381.1 ft) Gross Liftoff Mass: 3,704.5 mT (8,167.1K lbm) Payload Capability: 71.1 mT (156.7K lbm) to TLI (with Ares I) 62.8 mT (138.5K lbm) to Direct TLI ~187.7 mT (413.8K lbm) to LEO

Ares I Elements 7614 . National Aeronautics and Space Administration
First Stage
Derived from current Shuttle RSRM/B
Five segments/Polybutadiene
Acrylonitrile (PBAN) propellant
Recoverable
New forward adapter
Avionics upgrades
ATK Launch Systems ($1.8B)
Upper Stage Engine
Saturn J-2 derived engine (J-2X)
Expendable
Pratt and Whitney Rocketdyne ($1.2B)
Orion CEV Interstage
Instrument Unit
Primary Ares I control
avionics system
NASA Design /
Boeing Production ($0.8B)
DAC 2 TR 6 Encapsulated Service Module (ESM) Panels
Upper Stage
137.1 mT (302.2K lbm) LOX/LH 2 prop
5.5-m (18-ft) diameter
Aluminum-Lithium (Al-Li) structures
Instrument unit and interstage
Reaction Control System (RCS) / roll
control for first stage flight
Primary Ares I control avionics system
NASA Design / Boeing Production ($1.12B)
Stack Integration
927.1 mT (2,044.0K lbm) gross liftoff mass (GLOM)
99.1 m (325.0 ft) in length
NASA-led

Ares V Elements 7614 . National Aeronautics and Space Administration Altair Lunar Lander Interstage EDS J-2X Payload Fairing RS-68 Loiter Skirt
Stack Integration
3,704.5 mT ( 8,167.1K lbm) gross liftoff mass
116.2 m (381.1 ft) in length
Earth Departure Stage (EDS)
One Saturn-derived J-2X LOX/LH 2 engine (expendable)
10-m (33-ft) diameter stage
Aluminum-Lithium (Al-Li) tanks
Composite structures, instrument unit and interstage
Primary Ares V avionics system
Core Stage
Six Delta IV-derived RS-68 LOX/LH 2 engines (expendable)
10-m (33-ft) diameter stage
Composite structures
Aluminum-Lithium (Al-Li) tanks
LV 51.00.48
Solid Rocket Boosters
Two recoverable 5.5-segment PBAN-fueled boosters (derived from current Ares I first stage)

Ares V Element Heritage 7614 . National Aeronautics and Space Administration USAF RS-68B From Delta IV RS-68 Ares V Ares I First Stage (5-Segment RSRB) J-2X Upper Stage Engine Upper Stage Derived Vehicle Systems 71.1 t (156.7K lbm) to TLI (with Ares I) 63.0 t (138.5K lbm) to Direct TLI 187.7 t (413.8K lbm) to LEO 25.5 t (56.2K lbm) to Low Earth Orbit (LEO) Elements from RSRB Delta IV

Ares V Utilization Studies
NASA has begun preliminary concept work on vehicle
Focused on design of EDS, payload shroud, core stage, and RS-68 core stage engines
Recent point-of-departure updated for additional performance margin using an additional RS-68 and an added 1/2 segment on the first stage
Shroud size dictated by eventual size of Altair lunar lander
Also investigating alternate uses for Ares V not related to human space exploration
Very large (8-meter aperture) science telescopes in low-Earth or Lagrange (L2) orbits
Capabilities could exceed Hubble by an order of magnitude

Vehicle Integration Accomplishments Ares 4% Model Aeroacoustices Wind Tunnel Test Ames research Center, CA Ares 1% Model Transonic Wind Tunnel Test Langley Research Center, VA Dynamic Test Stand Renovations Marshall Space Flight Center, AL Ares PDR Complete

First Stage Accomplishments First Stage DM-1 Nozzle Fabrication Promontory, UT First Stage Fin Installation and Removal Testing Promontory,UT First Stage Forward Segment Propellant Casting Promontory, UT First Stage Forward Core Fin Removal Promontory, UT

Upper Stage Accomplishments DELMIA Simulation of Interstage Mock-Up Marshall Space Flight Center, AL MPTA Manufacturing Process with DELMIA Simulation Overlays Marshall Space Flight Center, AL Dome Gore Panel Chemical Milling Los Angeles, CA First FSW Demonstration Weld of Dome Gore Panels Marshall Space Flight Center, AL

Upper Stage Engine Accomplishments J-2X Powerpack Removal from A-1 Test Stand Stennis Space Center, MS J-2X Workhorse Gas Generator Manufacturing Canoga Park, CA J-2X Powerpack 1A Testing Stennis Space Center, MS E3 Subscale Diffuser Test Stennis Space Center, MS

First Ares I flight test (uncrewed)
Will demonstrate ascent, separation, roll control, recovery, and ground capabilities
Uses off-the-shelf, active, and simulator hardware
First stage propulsion, avionics, and roll control active systems
First stage forward structures, upper stage, Orion crew exploration vehicle, and Launch Abort System (LAS) instrumented mass simulator hardware
Holding flight hardware deliveries to July 11, 2009 launch date
Launch date could be delayed due to availability of Mobile Launcher
Ares I-X Test Flight National Aeronautics and Space Administration 7593.

Ares I-X Accomplishments Upper Stage Simulator Assembly Glenn Research Center (GRC), OH Roll Control System Test and Fabrication Huntsville, AL and WSTF, NM Forward Frustum Fabrication Indianapolis, IN First Stage Actuator Systems Testing Marshall Space Flight Center, AL

Summary
The Constellation Program renews the nation’s commitment to human space exploration
Access to ISS
Human explorers to the Moon and beyond
Large telescopes and other hardware to LEO
Hardware is being built today
Development made easier by applying lessons learned from 50 years of spaceflight experience
Ares V heavy-lift capability will be a strategic asset for the nation
Constellation provides a means for world leadership through inspiration and strategic capability

7614 . SMDC_Briefing . National Aeronautics and Space Administration www.nasa.gov/ares

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The Ares Projects: Back to the Future

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