Isomerism By Asif Badini

1. By: Asif Badini
Chemistry Lecturer Islamia Boys college Quetta
ISOMERISM IN
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS

2. ISOMERS
(Isos means Equal/Same/Identical)
Meros means Part/unit
Organic Compounds
Have Same molecular
formula different physical
and Chemical properties
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3. Have a look on these
1. a)
Butane (C4H10) 2-methylpropane (C4H10)
2.
CH3
CH3 CH2 CH2 CH3 CH3 CH CH3
CH2 CH CH2 CH3 CH3 CH CH CH3
CH3
CH2 C CH3
CH2
CH2
CH2
CH2
CH2
CH2 CH
CH3
1-butene 2-butene
2-methylpropene 3 cyclobutane methylcyclopropane
BY: ASIF BADINI 12/9/2011

4. What Are Real Type of Isomers?
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6. 1:Structural Isomersism
O.C have same
Molecular formula
Different Structures
Example: C4H10
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8. (i)Chain Isomer
O.C with same
molecular formula but
different in carbon
chain
Pentane
Butane
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9. (ii)Position Isomer
O.C with same
molecular formula but
different in position of
Functional Group on
chain
C3H7Br
C4H9OH
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10. (iii)Functional Group Isomer
O.C with same
molecular formula but
different Functional
Groups
C2H6O
alcohols and ethers aldehydes
and ketones are best
Examples
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11. (iv)Metamer(Adjecent)
O.C with same
molecular formula but
unequal distrubition of
carbon atoms on both
side of functional
group
Ether :C4H10O
ketones
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12. 2:Stereoisomer
Have same M.Formula
and Structure but
different spacel
arrangement
Stereoisomer
Geometrical
Isomer
Optical
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13. (i)Geometrical Isomers
O.C with same
molecular formula &
Structure but different
arrangement in space
around double bond
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