Bar, Pisani, and Weber - ARS april 7 2008

Mobile technology appropriation in a distant mirror: baroque infiltration, creolization and cannibalism

François Bar

Francis Pisani

Matthew Weber

slides: http://slideshare.net/arnic

0. inspiration

appropriation

innovation model

research questions

current projects

1556

1556 1928

“ Só me interessa o que não é meu. Lei do homem. Lei do antropófago” 1556 1928

1556 1928 1960s

1556 1928 1960s 2003

“ la créolisation, c'est le métissage avec une valeur ajoutée qui est l'imprévisibilité” Edouard Glissant, Introduction à une poétique du divers (1996)

photos: Bernardo Bolaños

photos: caracoleserrantesbolivia (flickr)

“ Among the angels and the vines of the façade of San Lorenzo, an Indian princess appears, and all the symbols of the defeated Incan culture are given a new lease on life. The Indian half-moon disturbs the traditional serenity of the Corinthian vine. American jungle leaves and Mediterranean clover intertwine. The sirens of Ulysses play the Peruvian guitar. And the flora, the fauna, the music, and even the sun of the ancient Indian world are forcefully asserted. There shall be no European culture in the New World unless all of these, our native symbols, are admitted on an equal footing.” Carlos Fuentes (1999) The Buried Mirror - Reflections on Spain and the New World ,

-1- three appropriation modes: baroquization / creolization / cannibalism

Appropriation modes: baroquization photos: samsooma (flickr)

Appropriation modes: baroquization photos: superlocal (flickr)

Appropriation modes: baroquization

Appropriation modes: creolization photos: Araba Sey, Ruud Elmendorp

Appropriation modes: creolization

Appropriation modes: creolization Horse-phone: “ Like earlier horse-phones, it had a cord. Wire stored on a 5-mile reel played out as a scout rode. The improved model let a rider make calls without having to first dismount and then drive a spike into the ground to complete the electrical connection. Instead, the grounding wire was attached to the horse’s skin. The mild electrical current would pass through its body to its hoofs, one of which was almost always touching the ground.” (Popular Mechanics, Sep. 1907)

Appropriation modes: creolization photo/graphic: Mike Ousmegine

Appropriation modes: creolization photo: Jan Chipchase photo: timonoko (flickr)

Appropriation modes: creolization Photo: Araba Sey Photo: Jan Chipchase

Appropriation modes: creolization

Appropriation modes: cannibalism Photo: Kathleen Diga

Appropriation modes: cannibalism Photo: Araba Sey

Appropriation modes: cannibalism source: http://www.vavolo.com/productdetails.asp,ProductID,2400,,.htm

Appropriation modes: cannibalism

-2- appropriation within the technology cycle

1. roll-out

1. roll-out 2. appropriate

1. roll-out 2. appropriate 3. re-claim

m-banking

m-banking 1. roll-out Photos: Jan Chipchase

m-banking

roll-out

2. appropriate sente Photos: Jan Chipchase

m-banking 1. roll-out 2. appropriate 3. re-claim Photos: Jan Chipchase sente

m-banking 1. roll-out 3. re-claim ?

1. roll-out 2. appropriate 3. re-claim

three reclamation modes: co-opt / adapt / block

three reclamation modes: co-opt / adapt / block echo: baroquize / creolize / cannibalize

suppliers roll-out technology users appropriate suppliers re-claim users adopt reject users baroquize creolize cannibalize suppliers co-opt adapt block

Iterative Cumulative End-user driven Structured learning Embedded knowledge Path-dependent 1. roll-out 2. appropriate 3. re-claim

-3- research questions?

what is open? ? 1. adopt 2. appropriate 3. re-claim

what remains open? ? 1. adopt 2. appropriate 3. re-claim

suppliers roll-out technology users appropriate suppliers re-claim users adopt reject users baroquize creolize cannibalize suppliers co-opt adapt block

suppliers roll-out technology users appropriate suppliers re-claim users adopt reject users baroquize creolize cannibalize suppliers co-opt adapt block who are the “users”? what motivates them? what resources can they draw upon? how do they go about it? can they get help from others? (“appropriation-for-hire”)

-4- research projects

Comunicaciones Móviles y Desarrollo en América Latina (CMDAL)

Econometric Model of mobile impact (18 countries)

Case studies: Argentina, Brasil, Chile, and Perú

Funding: Fundación Telefónica

Partners:

Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Spain

Universidad de San Andrés, Argentina

Instituto de Estudios Peruanos, Perú

Universidade de São Paulo, Brasil

Instituto de Pesquisas e Projetos Sociais e Tecnológicos (IPSO), Brasil

Brazil: economic experiment

motoboys

160,000

young

marginal

mobile

information dependent

( CANAL* motoboy )

Brasil: mergulho na comunidade

Brasil: RedeJovem http:// www.youtube.com/watch?v = hOtMKOeXw_U

Los Angeles: Mobile Voices

Open-source storytelling platform for recent immigrants in Los Angeles to create and publish stories about their community, directly from cellphones

Partner:

Instituto de Educacion Popular del Sur de California (IDEPSCA)

Runs 6 day-labor centers in L.A.

Popular Education for empowerment

Technology literacy initiatives

Project goals

community building through storytelling

ICT access for disenfranchised people

create economic/social opportunities

Usage scenarios

mobile storytelling

annotated city

mobile labor market

Design approach

low cost

participatory design

open source, generic tool ( https:// docs.indymedia.org/view/Global/VozMob )

Project timeline

Spring 08: prototyping

June08-May09: IDEPSCA deployment

after June09: broader diffusion

Technical Research Challenges

Privacy

reveal as little information as possible, but still collect enough to tell stories

user-controlled disclosure

server-side policies for purging data

Low-cost

portable to low-cost java phones (e.g. motorola i855)

minimize data transfer (or cope with low bandwidth)

minimize power consumption

Generic platform

favor open, flexible design for adaptation to various use patterns

Further information

wiki: https://docs.indymedia.org/view/Global/VozMob

Knight Foundation grant proposal: http://mobilevoices.net/Knight

Inspiration/advisors: Zexe: http://zexe.net Mologogo: http://mologogo.com

http://abaporu.net

Bar, Pisani, and Weber - ARS april 7 2008

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