Geographical setting and Geological history

Sumbawa Island
Sumbawa Island is composed of Early Miocene volcanics, Middle Miocene (20-
15 Ma) reef limestones and sandstones (Takada et al., 2000), Pliocene
volcanoes (5-3 Ma), Early Pleistocene volcanoes (1.7-1.1 Ma) and coral reef
li t to Holocene volcanoes (B b i et al.,
d Middle Pleistocene t H l
limestones, and Middl Pl i t l (Barberi t l
1983). Tambora volcano, which is younger than 200 ka, overlies coral reef
limestone on its western foot, and cover an older volcano, here called Kawinda
Toi volcano (410 ka) on the northern foot (Takada et al., 2000).