Maximum Spread Of Shang Civilization Anyang 1300-1046 BCE Erligang (Zhengzhou site) 1600-1300 BCE Erlitou 1900-1500 BCE

Erlitou 二里 頭 Site 1600 BCE Some scholars speculate that this “palace-temple” courtyard might have been the “capital” of the (mythical?) Xia dynasty

Bronze Jia Tripod Wine Vessel , Erlitou culture 1600 BCE

Bronze Jue Tripod Wine Vessel, Erlitou culture 1600 BCE

Bronze ding Tripod Vessel Erlitou culture 1600 BCE

Maximum Spread Of Shang Civilization Anyang 1300-1046 BCE Erligang (Zhengzhou site) 1600-1300 BCE Erlitou 1900-1500 BCE

Zhengzhou Yanshi Erligang 二里岡 period sites Several early city-states emerged around 1600 BCE, occupying several large walled “capitals” and satellite “cities”

Erli gang Period Tamped Earth Walls at Zhengzhou 鄭州 Site 1700 m 1870 m

Bronze Jue Tripod Wine Vessel Zhengzhou site Erli gang period c. 1 4 00 BCE

Bronze Fangding Four-Legged Vessel Zhengzhou Site Erli gang period c. 1 4 00 BCE

Bronze ding Tripod Vessel Zhengzhou Site Erli gang period c. 1 4 00 BCE

Erli gang Period Open Pit Mining

Maximum Spread Of Shang Civilization Anyang 1300-1046 BCE Erligang (Zhengzhou site) 1600-1300 BCE Erlitou 1900-1500 BCE

“ The Ruins of Yin” 殷墟 Anyang 安陽 Site c. 1300-1100 BCE The capital complex of nine Shang kings whose names are documented in OBI

Bronze Ritual Vessel Anyang P eriod c. 1200 BCE

Bronze Gu Beaker Bronze Jue Wine Vessel Anyang Period

Bronze Zun Wine Vessel Anyang period

Spoute d Guang wine vessel Anyang Period

USED EVERYWHERE BUT CHINA: The “ Lost-Wax” Bronze Casting Technique

Ceramic Molds for Bronzecasting Zhengzhou site Erligang period

Piece of a clay mold used in bronze casting Piece of a Clay Mold Used in Bronze Casting

TRY THIS AT HOME! The Piece-Mold Bronze Casting Technique