OKI Air Quality Status Report and Clean Air Program Update

Regional Clean Air Update Andy Reser, AICP Sarah Fry

EPA’s Criteria Pollutants and Cincinnati Attainment Status

Ozone

Particulate Matter 2.5

Particulate Matter 10

Carbon Monoxide

Sulfur Dioxide

Nitrogen Dioxide

Ozone (Smog) Health Impacts Proportion of Population Affected Severity of Impacts

“ Pyramid of Effects”

Susceptible and vulnerable groups include:

People with lung disease such as asthma

Children

Older Adults

People who are more likely to be exposed, such as outdoor workers

Cincinnati and Ozone Standards

Reached attainment of 1-hour ozone standard in 2004

Now in nonattainment for 8-hour ozone standard

0.08 ppm – must comply by June 19, 2009

0.075 ppm (new) – anticipated nonattainment in March 2010

Must comply with 0.075 standard around 2014 (?)

Ozone Contribution by Source – OKI Region 2002 Data

Ozone: What’s Being Done?

Federal

NOx SIP Call – 2004

Sulfur in gasoline lowered – 2005

Sulfur in diesel fuel lowered – 2006

State/Local

Reformulated and low RVP gas

Smog Alert Program

Smog Season History - Ozone Data source: Hamilton County Department of Environmental Services and KY Division for Air Quality. 2008 data not complete or quality assured (as of 9/22/08)

8-Hour Ozone Exceedances Summer 2008 Data provided by Hamilton County Department of Environmental Services and KY Division for Air Quality Monitors 8-hour ozone exceedances Sycamore 12 Colerain 7 Batavia 0 Lebanon 12 Middletown 7 Hamilton 1 Taft 7 Boone 0 Campbell 2 Kenton 2

8-Hour Ozone Concentrations

8-Hour Ozone Standard:

0.08 parts per million (ppm)

0.075 ppm (new)

3 year average of annual 4 th highest daily maximum

8-hour ozone concentration.

Data source: Hamilton County Department of Environmental Services. 2008 data not complete or quality assured (as of 9/22/08). County 2006 - 2008 Ozone Concentrations (ppm) Butler 0.082 Clermont 0.078 Hamilton 0.085 Warren 0.085

PM Health Effects

Increased respiratory symptoms

Decreased lung function

Aggravated asthma

Development of chronic bronchitis

Irregular heartbeat

Nonfatal heart attacks; and

Premature death in people with heart and lung disease

PM 2.5 (Fine Particulate)

Standard:

15 µg/m3 (annual)

35 µg/m3 (24-hour)

Nonattainment for annual standard – must comply by April 2010

Potential nonattainment for 24-hour standard – comply by April 2013

Nonattainent area includes all ozone counties except Clinton

Smog Season History- PM2.5 Data source: Hamilton County Department of Environmental Services- OH data only. Exceedances of 40 µg/m 3 . 2008 Data not complete or quality assured (as of 9/22/08).

PM 2.5 Data source: Hamilton County Department of Environmental Services. 2008 data not complete or quality assured (as of 9/22/08). County 2008 Annual Average (15 ug/m3 standard) 2008 Max. 24-Hour Average (35 ug/m3 standard) Butler 15.5 32.7 Clermont 12.9 23.6 Hamilton 16.1 31.7 Warren 13.4 23.3

Actions to Address PM 2.5

Lower Sulfur Diesel Fuel (2006)

EPA Clean Diesel Engine Standards

Trucks and buses (2007)

Off-road diesel engines (2008)

Locomotives and marine engines (2011)

Ohio Diesel Emission Reduction Grants

School Bus retrofits

Expanded use of biodiesel

Clean Air Interstate Rule was vacated in July 08 – intended to regulate NOx and SO2 from power plants

2008 Smog Alert Activity Data provided by Hamilton County Department of Environmental Services. (through 9/2/08) DATE SMOG ALERT ISSUED NUMBER OF DAYS ALERT IN EFFECT 8-HOUR EXCEEDANCES (recorded on Smog Alert days) NUMBER OF PM2.5 READINGS OVER 40 ug/m3 (24-HR AVERAGE) (recorded on Smog Alert days) 07/10/08 In effect for: 07/11/08 1 2 0 07/15/08 In effect for: 07/16/08, 07/17/08, 07/18/08, 07/19/08 4 18 0 08/01/08 In effect for: 08/04/08 1 1 0 08/22/08 In effect for: 08/23/08 1 5 0 08/29/08 In effect for: 09/01/08, 09/02/08, 09/03/08 3 4 0 Totals 5 10 30 0

Regional Clean Air Program Marketing Activities

“ It All Adds Up” Campaign