(Practical) Beyond Responsive Web Design (WordCamp Miami 2011)

Beyond “Responsive Web Design” “...let a thousand devices bloom...”

Who am I?

Responsive Web Design?

Ethan Marcotte (@beep), “On Being Responsive”“A responsive design iscomposed of threedistinct parts:”

1. A ﬂexible grid.

1. A flexible grid. 2. Flexible images. Or more specifically, imagesthat work in a flexible context.

1. A flexible grid. 2. Flexible images. Or more specifically, imagesthat work in a flexible context. 3. Media queries.

Great.So what do ResponsiveWeb Designs look like?

Colly.com?

Flexible grid Flexible images Media queries

“Switchy” designNot responsive design

Hicksdesign.co.uk?

Flexible grid Flexible images Media queries

Awesome.So why do I care?

“RWD is just fancy tricks for mobile, and no one uses mobile anyway.”“iPhones and Android phones canbrowse the current web just ﬁne.”

Really? Think again.

What is “mobile?”

2010: 38% of US cell phone users access the Internet on their phones (about 89 million) 53% of cell phone Internet users access websites at least once per day In 2009, only 17% of US cell phone users owned smartphoneshttp://goo.gl/YMtgf

So how do we do this thing?

It all starts with planning.

Luke Wroblewski (@lukew): http://goo.gl/0kTal

More space shouldn’t mean more stuﬀ.

Back to the basics: 1. A ﬂexible grid. 2. Flexible images. 3. Media queries.

Flexible / Fluid Grids• Size everything in ems or percentages• Flexible: Ems for everything• Fluid: Percentages for width, ems for height• The Golden Formula: target ÷ context = result

You’re already halfway there...

Flexible Images Two methods: foreground (<img>)and background (CSS)

Flexible <img>s• max-width: 100%; width: 100%;• overﬂow: hidden;

Flexible backgroundsUse background-position to selectively crop your backgrounds http://goo.gl/YLLC3

Responsive Images • Uses .htaccess to look for “responsive” image requests, and feeds them a 1px transparent .gif • Then, uses JS to detect browser width and load the appropriate-size image accordinglyhttp://goo.gl/Eu3zA

And now, the moment you’ve been waiting for...

Media Queries• Ever make a print stylesheet before?• <link rel=”stylesheet” href=”#” media=”screen” />• <link rel=”stylesheet” href=”#” media=”print” />

Media Queries In your HTML:<link rel=”stylesheet” href=”#” media=”screen and (min-device-width: 640px)” /> In a stylesheet: @media screen and (orientation:landscape) { #content { ... } }

• height • color• width • color-index• device-height • monochrome• device-width • resolution• orientation • scan• aspect-ratio • grid• device-aspect-ratio

Remember: Mobile First! • No support for media queries is the ﬁrst media query • Mobile stylesheet + media queries = desktop site

Mobile Viewports• Newer smartphones pretend to be much larger than they actually are (980px for iPhone)...• ...meaning they get your desktop stylesheet.

Mobile Viewports<meta name=”viewport” content=”width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0” />

Going “beyond...”

CSS3 Transforms • rotate • skew • scale • -transform-origin

CSS3 Transitions-transition: property duration easing • all • ease • opacity • ease-in • font-size • ease-out • text-shadow • ease-in-out • color • linear • height • cubic-bezier • width • left • top...

CSS3 Transitionsnav li a { color: rgb(0,0,0); -webkit-transition: all 1s ease-out;}nav li a:hover { color: rgb(200,0,0); -webkit-transition: all 1s ease-in;}

CSS3 Animation• Deﬁne keyframes in CSS• Set duration, number of iterations, animation direction, timing function• only works in webkit

What if my phone can’t do that?

Modernizr.js

yepnope.js

“The choice is not betweenusing media queries and creatinga dedicated mobile site; thechoice is between using mediaqueries and doing nothing at all.” - Jeremy Keith, “A responsive mind”

That’s about it... Questions? @kzurawelhttp://arborwebsolutions.com

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(Practical) Beyond Responsive Web Design (WordCamp Miami 2011)

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