9. Kinds of Verbals - Gerunds DO NOT CONFUSE GERUNDS WITH VERBS (predicates) Gerund Predicate Verb
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11. Kinds of Verbals - Participles Past Participles – usually end in -ed or -en; created from the passive voice used with auxiliary verb “to be” Removing the auxiliary verb and using the -en form of the main verb as an adjective produces a past participle.
12. Kinds of Verbals - Participles Removing the auxiliary verb and using the -en form of the main verb as an adjective produces a past participle.
13. Kinds of Verbals - Participles Past participles may also be part of a participial phrase.
14. Kinds of Verbals - Participles Participles and participial phrases should be placed near the nouns they modify. They may either precede or follow a noun.
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16. Kinds of Verbals - Infinitives Adverbial Infinitives - always describe verbs. An adverbial infinitive usually occurs at the beginning or at the end of a sentence and does not need to be near the verb it describes At the beginning At the end
17. Kinds of Verbals - Infinitives HINT: You can always identify an adverbial infinitive by inserting the test words in order in front of infinitive. If the words in order make sense, the infinitive is adverbial. Punctuation: 1. Use a comma after the adverbial infinitive when it starts a sentence. 2. Do not separate the adverbial infinitive from the rest of the sentence if the infinitive ends the sentence.
18. Kinds of Verbals - Infinitives Nominal Infinitives - like single-word nouns, nominal infinitives may function as a: Subject:
![Verbals ,[object Object],Jogging is my daily exercise. (from the verb jog, it becomes a gerund used as noun—subject of the sentence) The boiling water on the stove is for my coffee. (from the verb boil, it becomes a participle used as adjective to describe water.) To climb Mt. Everest is his greatest ambition. (from the verb climb, it becomes an infinitive used as noun—subject of the sentence)](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/010verbals-091008012155-phpapp02/85/010-verbals-1-320.jpg)
![Kinds of Verbals - Gerunds ,[object Object],Like ordinary single-word nouns, gerunds may be used as: Subject:](data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7)